题型一 听力理解
一、关键词语选择
题型1关键词语选择?
关键词语选择是安徽省英语中考听力试题中比较稳定的题型之一,该题型的命题形式为听五个句子,然后从所给的三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。该题型主要考查学生对所学词汇的反应能力,做好此类题型要注意以下几个方面:
1.在听录音之前,要迅速浏览并默读各个备选项,找出所给备选项读音的异同点,从而判断考题意图,确定辨音的主攻方向,才能有的放矢地捕捉到辨音的关键,提高准确率。
2.在听录音时,抓住关键词(名词、动词、形容词、数词等),理解句子大意,这样才能从单词和短语的意思上进一步进行辨别。
3.听音辨音题与口语表达能力是密不可分的。如果考生自己发音不准确,不能熟练掌握字母及字母组合的读音规则,考生就很难辨别相近的、易混淆的音。 因此,平时应注意单词的发音要准确、多做听写练习及口语练习。
典例1关键词语选择
你将听到五个句子。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。每个句子读两遍。
1.A.cap B.camp C.cup
2.A.tired B.talented C.tiny
3.A.lend B.land C.lead
4.A.spare B.square C.simple
5.A.put off B.turn off C.shut off
听力原文
1.The man in a blue cap is my uncle.
2.The hole is so tiny that I can hardly see it.
3.In ten minutes the plane will land in Shanghai.
4.I prefer to stay at home in my spare time.
5.The machine should be shut off before you go out.
答案1~5 ACBAC
二、对话理解
题型2对话理解?
安徽中考英语听力的对话理解分为短对话理解和长对话理解两种形式,该题型是安徽省英语中考听力试题中比较稳定的题型,分值为15分,是所占分值最高的听力题型之一。该题型主要是通过一个轮回的对话,考查学生对所听录音材料的理解和判断能力,要求学生能识别语段中的重要信息,进行简单的推断并选出正确答案。答题时要注意以下方法技巧:
1.听前预览选项,了解一定的信息,并预测话题及内容。
2.在听的时候要注意抓住各小题中的地点、人名、时间或数字的变化、职业、关系等关键信息。
3.还要抓住表句意转折的but,表示否定的not,no,nothing等关键词。在听的过程中根据对话内容采用排除、推理、辨别等方法来判断正确答案。
典例2短对话理解
你将听到十段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
6.What would the girl want to buy?
7.What’s Peter’s job?
8.What is the woman doing?
9.What did the boy lose?
10.What does the boy like doing when he is listening to music?
11.When was the piano invented?
A.In 1709. B.In 1907. C.In 1729.
12.What is the girl going to do?
A.Go to school. B.Go shopping. C.Go swimming.
13.Where does Ted work after school?
A.In a library.
B.In a supermarket.
C.In a restaurant.
14.Whose is the volleyball?
A.Victor’s. B.Vince’s. C.Vinson’s.
15.What does the man think of the new movie?
A.It’s moving.
B.It’s wonderful.
C.It’s exciting.
听力原文
6.W:I like that yellow blouse.It’s really beautiful.
M:Yes.It must fit you well.
7.W:Hi,Peter!Can you tell me a little bit about your job?
M:Sure.I’m a director.It’s interesting,but sometimes it makes me stressed.
8.W:I’m making paper cuttings.Could you pass me some paper?
M:Sure,I can.
9.W:You look worried.What’s the trouble?
M:I can’t find my license.
10.W:What kind of music do you like best?
M:I like music that I can dance to.
11.W:When was the piano invented?
M:It was invented in 1709.
12.W:Dad,can I drive to go shopping?
M:No,you can’t.But you can ride a bike.
13.W:Ted has a part-time job in a restaurant.
M:Yes.But I think middle school students should not be allowed to work at night.
14.W:Is this volleyball yours,Victor?
M:No,it isn’t.It must belong to Vinson,Vince’s brother.
15.W:There is a new movie on screen now.Did you watch it yesterday evening?
M:Yes,I did.It’s wonderful.It’s one of the most wonderful movies I’ve seen.
答案6~10 BCBCA 11~15 ABCCB
长对话理解
你将听到两段对话,每段对话后有几个小题。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第16至17小题。
16.What are they talking about?
A.A concert.
B.Music.
C.A musician.
17.Where does the popular band come from?
A.Canada. B.Australia. C.Italy.
听下面一段对话,回答第18至20小题。
18.When is the party?
A.On Sunday. B.On Saturday. C.On Friday.
19.Can the girl go out at night?
A.Yes,she can.
B.No,she can’t.
D.We don’t know.
20.How does the girl feel at home?
A.Happy. B.Angry. C.Free.
听力原文
听下面一段对话,回答第16至17小题。
W:What do you think of tonight’s concert?
M:It was amazing!I like it very much.
W:I agree with you.I especially loved the popular band from Italy.
M:Yes.They sang well.
W:Was it your favorite?
M:Not really.In fact West Life was my favorite.
听下面一段对话,回答第18至20小题。
M:Sue,there will be a party in Ron’s house on Friday.Come with me,OK?
W:Sorry,Bill.I’m not allowed to go out at night.
M:What a pity!I’ve never thought your family has such a rule.
W:So my family does.And I’m not allowed to watch TV on school nights.
M:Oh,no!That is my favorite.So what’s allowed to do?
W:I’m allowed to study all the time,of course.I always feel a little angry at home.
M:I think you should talk with your parents.
W:I did that.But it didn’t work.
M:Maybe you can ask our teacher for help.
W:That sounds like a good idea.
答案16~20 ACCBB
三、短文理解
题型3短文理解?
短文理解是根据所听到的短文内容,选择正确的答案回答短文后所提的问题或根据短文意思,选择正确答案补全题干,所提供的选项为三个。我们在做出选择前都应该从以下几个方面着手:
1.在听短文之前,一定要抓紧时间细读所给的问题及选项,并根据选项的内容进行对比,对短文的内容进行预测(包括对问题中问句的内容进行推理),提前了解短文中可能出现的单词、词组或句子。只有这样,在听短文时才能有目的、有选择地作出正确的判断。
2.在听的过程中,一定要注意并简略地记下五个“W”和一个“H”(What,When,Who,Why,Where,How),这有助于理解文章内容。
3.听第一遍录音时,要仔细将全文听完。听第二遍时,要有针对性地做些记录,利用中间停顿时间将问题逐一解答。
4.最后,听完短文再进行归纳、综合、判断,就可以顺利整理出相关信息,从而确定正确答案。
典例3短文理解
你将听到一篇短文,短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容,在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
21.Who is Emilio’s best friend?
A.Jim. B.Martin. C.Mark.
22.What’s Emilio’s problem?
A.He doesn’t like his new school.
B.He can’t get on well with his parents.
C.He can’t study well in his new school.
23.Why do other students make fun of Emilio?
A.Because he is silly.
B.Because he is short.
C.Because he is fat.
24.When did Emilio fight with Jim?
A.Last Monday.
B.Last Tuesday.
C.Last Friday.
25.How many pieces of advice did Martin give to Emilio in the letter?
A.Only one piece.
B.Two pieces.
C.Three pieces.
听力原文
Yesterday Emilio wrote to Martin,telling him that he didn’t enjoy the new school at all.As all the other students were from the same primary school,they got on well with each other.Emilio tried to be friendly,but they didn’t.Instead,they often made fun of him,for he’s the shortest in the class.Last Monday he had a big fight with Jim because Jim said he was too short to play basketball.Although Jim said sorry to him later,Emilio felt upset.He had no idea about what to do.So Emilio really needs some help from his best friend,Martin.Now,in his letter back to Emilio,Martin gives him two pieces of advice.First of all,he shouldn’t worry about being short.And the second,he could think about looking for a new friend.
答案21~25 BABAB
四、信息转换
题型4信息转换?
信息转换考查的是一种迅速的辨音释义,理解语义并对听到的信息作出迅速反应的一种能力。它不仅是指辨音能力,更重要的是对所听内容的理解能力。信息转换以填空题为主,对写的要求很高。因此,考生要做的第一步准备工作就是提高单词拼写的速度和准确性。尤其要重视对考试中常考场景相关词汇的总结。多年的经验以及研究结果告诉我们,故事发生的时间、地点、人物、谈话内容以及后果等场景词汇反复出现的比率很大。注意以下解题技巧:
1.在听之前了解所需填写的内容和所给句子,这有助于对短文内容的把握,以便在听的时候做到有的放矢。
2.第一遍,要将全文仔细地听一次,尽可能弄明白文章大意。第二遍,听的过程中要做记录,比如地点、人物、时间、所发生的事件等。特别是时间,一般录音材料不会直接告诉具体时间,而是通过已知的相关时间推算出准确时间。所以第二遍听的时候,一定要用最快的速度填上去。
3.听完之后,还要结合题目进行思考和判断,依靠对短文具体细节的回忆,写出符合要求的答案。同时还应注意:
(1)题目有无词数限制;(2)填写好之后的句子是否正确。
典例4信息转换
你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容,写出下面表格中所缺的单词,每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。
听力原文
The Giving Tree is a story about a boy and a tree who are good friends. When the boy is young,he always plays with the tree.Then when the boy grows up,he tells it he wants money.The tree gives him its apples so that the boy can sell them for money in a market.
Later,the boy becomes a man and wants to have a house.The tree gives him some wood to build a house.Finally,the man says he wants to go to some other sunnier places.The tree gives him wood to make a boat.
The man comes back when he is old.The tree is sad because it has nothing to give the man.But both the man and the tree are happy because they are together again.
答案26.boy 27.plays 28.house 29.boat 30.together
素养训练提高
题型1 关键词语选择
一、听句子,选出句子中所包含的信息。每个句子读两遍。
1.A.key B.king C.queen
2.A.black B.banker C.block
3.A.litter B.letter C.list
4.A.mutton B.menu C.metal
5.A.sent out B.set up C.set out
答案1~5 BCACC
二、你将听到五个句子。请在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。
1.A.notice B.noise C.note
2.A.truck B.text C.test
3.A.produce B.promise C.prevent
4.A.silent B.sleepy C.strange
5.A.look after B.go after C.run after
答案1~5 BACBC
题型2 对话理解
一、听下面五段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1.What would Sally like to eat for dinner?
2.What does the boy want to be?
3.What’s on the sign?
4.What is the girl’s mother doing?
5.What is the boy wearing?
答案1~5 ABCAB
二、请听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。请在每小题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1.Where is the man going?
A.Pacific Building.
B.Ocean Hotel.
C.Pacific Hotel.
2.What’s their relationship?
A.Relatives. B.Classmates. C.Workmates.
3.How did Julie get to school?
A.By bus. B.By bike. C.On foot.
4.What does the man want to buy?
A.Fruit. B.Beer. C.Beef.
5.What does Sally want to do?
A.She wants to eat out.
B.She wants to see a movie.
C.She wants to stay at home.
答案1~5 ABCBC
三、请听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题。请在每小题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1.Which animal can sleep with their eyes open?
A.Birds. B.Fish. C.Horses.
2.What does Millie love doing in the park?
A.Chatting.
B.Flying kites.
C.Dancing.
3.Which part of its body did the little cat hurt?
A.Its head hurt.
B.One of its back legs hurt.
C.One of its front legs hurt.
4.What does the man see in fact?
A.A UFO. B.A plane. C.A light.
5.How tall is Bao Xishun?
A.2.63 m. B.2.6 m. C.2.36 m.
答案1~5 BACBC
四、听下面一段对话,回答第1至2小题。
1.How’s the weather?
A.It’s sunny. B.It’s windy. C.It’s raining.
2.Where are they talking?
A.At home.
B.In the office.
C.At the party.
听下面一段对话,回答第3至5小题。
3.What’s Nancy’s hobby?
A.Playing the piano.
B.Playing volleyball.
C.Playing the violin.
4.How long has she been doing that?
A.For about 5 years.
B.Since she was ten.
C.For about ten years.
5.What does the boy collect?
A.Stamps.
B.Matchboxes.
C.Old coins.
答案1~5 CBCCB
题型3 短文理解
一、你将听到一篇短文,短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容,在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
1.How many girls did Lisa’s family have?
A.Seven. B.Six. C.Five.
2.What did Lisa’s sisters all look like?
A.Ugly. B.Tall. C.Beautiful.
3.Where did Lisa use to go on the weekends?
A.She went to the library.
B.She stayed at home alone.
C.She went to the shop.
4.What did Lisa do when she grew up?
A.She was a teacher.
B.She was a scientist.
C.She was an actress.
5.What did Lisa do when she had free time as an adult?
A.Traveled the world.
B.Read and studied.
C.Worked.
答案1~5 ACBBA
二、你将听到一篇短文,短文后有五个小题。请根据短文内容,在每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。短文读两遍。
1.In which country is Holi a traditional festival?
A.India. B.China. C.Britain.
2.When was Holi this year?
A.In February.
B.On March 13th.
C.From February to March.
3.What food did the speaker help his mother cook on Holi morning?
A.Some salty porridge.
B.Some sweet snacks.
C.Some beef noodles.
4.What did the speaker do with his friends on Holi?
A.They played with their water guns.
B.They visited the speakers’ grandparents.
C.They helped clean up the park.
5.Which of the following is RIGHT?
A.The speaker doesn’t like Holi because it’s boring.
B.There is only one park that is really far from the speaker’s house.
C.The speaker usually needs to take a shower after having fun with his friends on Holi.
答案1~5 ABBAC
题型4 信息转换
一、你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容,写出下面表格所缺的单词,每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。
二、你将听到一篇短文。请根据短文内容,写出下面表格所缺的单词,每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。
题型二 单项填空
从近几年对全国各地的中考试卷的分析可以看出,单项填空题的考点主要分布在:名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。
在做单项填空题时,同学们除应具有较扎实的语言基础知识,善于思考之外,还应掌握一些解题方法。
一、直接法
即直接利用相关语法知识,通过题干中的已有信息,捕捉到解题线索,从而得出正确答案的解题方法。
典例1(2018·上海,27)Sue practices the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.?
A.play B.played
C.to play D.playing
解析本题考查practise的用法。practise doing sth.意为“练习做某事”。
答案D
二、关键词法
许多题目中都有一些词对于快速而准确地判定答案起着重要作用。这些词就是关键词(keywords)。找到句中的关键词,也就找到了解题的突破口。
典例2(2018·上海,26)The debate on whether to keep pets forty minutes yesterday afternoon.?
A.last B.lasted
C.will last D.has lasted
分析本题考查时态。解答本题时有个关键词“yesterday afternoon”,这个词语用于一般过去时。
答案B
三、类推法:若对题目的备选答案没有把握或把握很小,不妨用“如果A对,那么B也对”的类推法,从而可将A、B否定。
典例3—Who’s the man at the door?
— .?
A.He is a doctor B.He is a friend of mine
C.He is a famous singer D.He is twenty
分析A、C选项针对的是“职业”。若A是对的,那么C也会是对的,单选题不可能同时有两个正确答案,因此判断A、C两项都不对。D选项回答的是年龄。故唯有B项才是正确的。
答案B
四、前后照应法
此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解,然后联系上下文,捕捉隐含信息,方能准确找出答案。
典例4(2018·江苏无锡,14)—Chris didn’t even look at me.I did say hello to him with a big smile!
— .But that is just so Chris.He’s always living in his own world.?
A.No wonder B.No worries
C.I bet you did D.I doubt you did
分析本题考查情境对话。句意:“克里斯甚至没有看我一眼,我带着灿烂的微笑向他问好!”“ ,但这就是克里斯,他总是生活在自己的世界里。”A项意为“难怪,怪不得”;B项意为“别客气,好”;C项意为“我打赌你做了”;D项意为“我怀疑你做了”。根据上下文“克里斯甚至没有看我一眼,我带着灿烂的微笑向他问好!”及 “但这就是克里斯,他总是生活在自己的世界里”可知,要填“难怪”,其他选项语意不通。?
答案A
五、排除法
根据题干提供的信息,先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除,缩小选择范围,然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验,辨别真伪。
典例5(2018·天津,30)—Please tell me .?
—At ten o’clock.
A.where you have your English lesson
B.where do you have your English lesson
C.what time you have your English lesson
D.what time do you have your English lesson
分析根据“Please tell me”可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项B、D是疑问语序,所以排除掉;再根据“At ten o’clock.”可知这里是指时间,用what time询问,排除A项。
答案C
六、交际法
此方法可用一些常用的交际用语,联系上下文直接解题。
典例6(2018·湖北孝感,36)—All of us will take the entrance exam for the senior high school in June.
— !?
A.Of course B.Good luck
C.Congratulations D.You’re welcome
分析上句中提到“我们每个人六月都要参加中考”,答句应该是表示祝福。
答案B
素养训练提高
1.(2018·湖北襄阳,26)—Mom,I’m thirteen now.Can I ride a bike to school?
—Yes,you can.But you must follow the traffic A on the way.?
A.rules B.planes C.safety D.accident
2.(2018·贵州安顺,29)—Excuse me!Is this A new house??
—Yes,it’s .The parents of them bought it last September.?
A.Lucy and Lily’s;theirs
B.Lucy’s and Lily’s;them
C.Lucy’s and Lily’s;theirs
D.Lucy and Lily’s;them
3.—I’m hungry,mom.I’d like something to eat.
—We only have some C in the fridge.?
A.oranges B.ice-cream C.dumplings D.cheese
4.(2018·广东,34)Boxing Day,the 26th of December,got B name from a time when many rich families gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas.?
A.it’s B.its C.one’s D.one
5.—What do you think of the activity?
—Wonderful.I’ve never seen an activity B than it.?
A.more excited B.more exciting
C.most excited D.most exciting
6.This pig looks C .It’s wearing red shoes.?
A.clever B.brave C.funny D.careful
7.—How hard you are working,Helen!
—We must!My teacher said that A we are, we will be.?
A.the more hard-working;the luckier
B.the hard-working;the lucky
C.more hard-working;luckier
D.the most hard-working;the luckiest
8.(2018·广东,36)—My grandpa practices playing the guitar A in the university for the elderly every day.?
—Cool!It’s never too old to learn.
A.hard B.hardly C.great D.greatly
9.(2018·广西贵港,42)—What sports do you like D ??
—Basketball.I think it’s very interesting.
A.good B.well C.better D.best
10.According to a survey,four out of five students do their homework at home after school,but only D of them play computer games.?
A.four fifth B.four fifths
C.two fifth D.two fifths
11.(2018·广东,33)—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school?
— A about two months.?
A.In B.For C.Among D.During
12.(2019·预测)—Would you mind A playing music??
—No,not at all.
A.my B.I C.me D.myself
13.(2019·预测)Look!How fast the car is!Its B is about 120 kilometers an hour.?
A.place B.speed C.price D.mark
14.(2019·预测)—How about that phone?
—It is certainly better but it’s much B .?
A.expensive B.more expensive
C.most expensive D.the most expensive
15.(2019·预测)There were no other reasons.I bought the house D because it was large.?
A.nearly B.certainly C.probably D.simply
16.(2019·预测)If the flowers don’t get enough water,they C .?
A.died B.die
C.will die D.have died
17.(2019·预测)The hills here are covered with wild flowers B early spring.?
A.on B.in C.at D.for
18.(2019·预测)—Is there a movie on in the cinema tonight?
—There A be.I will phone the cinema and find it out.?
A.might B.should C.can D.must
19.(2019·预测)Many subways D for two years in our city.?
A.has built B.will built
C.built D.have been built
20.(2019·预测)The toy bear is the little girl’s favorite toy.She doesn’t want to C it.?
A.come up with B.agree with
C.part with D.get on with
题型三 完形填空
从近几年的中考题来看,完形填空题加大了对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查比例,另外还增加了情景句的考查,把同义、近义或比较难区分的词汇放到一定的语境中考查,这对考生来说无疑增加了难度。这就需要考生在解答问题时遵循以下原则:“先完其意,而后完其形”,也就是说先了解文章的大意,然后才能做题。具体解题技巧如下:
1.浏览全文,了解大意。
先快速浏览全文,了解文章大意。在做题过程中遇到生词、难句是在所难免的,不要着急,同学们可以通过上下文猜测,也可以暂时跳过,不必逐词逐句地精读,只求把握全文大意,围绕文章大意去做题、猜词和判断。
2.紧扣大意,搞定易题。
浏览全文,了解大意后,就可以开始逐句阅读了。根据习惯用语、固定搭配,或根据后面的内容来决定前面的选项。特别是要善于发现和利用文章中没有设空的句子,从字里行间寻找隐藏信息,先做有把握的题,没有把握的可暂时跳过,做后面的,等有把握的做完了,再回头做“难”题,有时候也就不难了。
3.注重首尾,通篇考虑。
完形填空题所选短文一般无标题,首、尾句不设空。首句往往是段落的主题句,从中可以找到重要信息:背景知识、时间、地点、人物等。尾句往往是段落的灵魂,具有总结概括的意义。这些对于我们理解文章、做出正确判断是非常有益的。另外一些难题设空往往很巧妙,四个选项从语法角度或习惯搭配都可选。这样的题就既需要考虑语法正确,又要考虑逻辑合理,这就要求通篇考虑,选出在文章特定情境中所需要的那个选项,不要针对一个空孤立地思考。
4.复读全文,确定答案。
做完所有的题以后,需把答案带入原文进行复读,看语意是否通顺、语法是否正确,从而消除疏漏。千万要注意:没有百分之百的把握,这一环节就不要再改动答案了。
典例(2018·安徽)
When the Spring Festival falls,red flowers bloom(盛开) on the windows of my home.Of course,there are not 1 flowers.But in the cold 2 ,these wonderful flowers bring warmth to us.They are made of paper by my 3 ,who is now aged 70.With a few cuts,she 4 a piece of paper into a beautiful work of art.?
When my grandma was young,she was considered clumsy(笨拙的) in the 5 .But on a cold winter night,she saw some beautiful red paper 6 on her new neighbor’s windows.She was so interested in it and decided to 7 from her neighbor.Tons of paper was wasted,and her fingers were cut many times.But she 8 practicing.It took 10 years 9 my grandma could make paper art skillfully(娴熟地).The red flowers,blooming like burning fire,light up her world.Now,everyone in the village 10 her.?
My grandma’s story has shown me what it takes to realize one’s dream.
1.A.nice B.real C.full D.sweet
2.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter
3.A.sister B.aunt C.mother D.grandma
4.A.changes B.spreads C.places D.burns
5.A.city B.town C.village D.block
6.A.art B.money C.walls D.books
7.A.buy B.steal C.learn D.borrow
8.A.ended up B.kept on C.put off D.thought about
9.A.before B.after C.while D.since
10.A.serves B.pardons C.respects D.warns
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。年轻时,祖母被认为很笨拙,但在一个寒冷的冬夜,祖母对邻居家窗户上的剪纸产生了兴趣并决定向邻居学习。祖母花费十年时间掌握了这门剪纸艺术,最终赢得了大家的认可和尊敬。这个故事告诉我们:实现梦想需要时间和毅力。
1.B 从“They are made of paper”以及下文对祖母学习剪纸艺术的描述可知,“我”家窗户上的红花并不是真的鲜花。故选B项。
2.D 从空格前the cold以及上文的the Spring Festival等信息推知,这是一个冬天。故选D项。
3.D 从下面“who is now aged 70”以及下段中grandma等信息推知,这里说的是,这些红花是由“我”祖母用纸做的。故选D项。
4.A change“改变”;spread“传播”;place“放置”;burn“燃烧”。根据选项理解句意:经过几次剪切,她就把一张纸变成了一件美丽的艺术品。故选A项。
5.C 从本段最后一句中“everyone in the village”知,本句句意:当祖母年轻时,她被认为是这个村子里最笨拙的人。故选C项。
6.A 从上下文提到的“剪纸艺术”可知,在一个寒冷的冬夜,祖母看见了一个新的邻居的窗户上美丽的红纸艺术品。故选A项。
7.C 当看见邻居的艺术品时,祖母对其产生兴趣并决定向邻居学习。故选C项。
8.B end up“结束”;keep on“保持继续”;put off“拖延,推迟”;think about“考虑”。根据语境和选项理解句意:祖母为了掌握这门剪纸艺术,她用掉了几吨纸,且手指被扎了很多次。尽管这样,她仍然继续练习。故选B项。
9.A 句意:在十年后,祖母才能娴熟地掌握这门剪纸艺术。也就是说,在祖母掌握这门艺术之前,她花了十年时间。故选A项。
10.C 因为祖母的努力和勤奋,她掌握了这门剪纸艺术,现在村子里每个人都尊敬她。故选C项。
素养训练提高
【1】
(2018·安徽)
As a foreigner,it’s hard for me to tell what Chinese people are like.But my 1 in Beijing said something.?
A couple of weeks ago,I went to buy four big suitcases(行李箱) for travel. 2 I was going down the street,it suddenly rained heavily.A stranger called me into his little shop.He 3 me a cup of tea and a chair.When the rain got 4 ,I thanked him and rushed to a 5 nearby to buy my suitcases.?
If you’ve ever tried to push four big suitcases by yourself,you may understand my 6 .I looked silly,for the suitcases were dancing wildly across the floor.Then I got a 7 on the shoulder.It was the seller.He signed that I should wait.A few minutes later,he 8 in a car,and put the suitcases inside.Then we went driving 9 along the road to my home.I offered him some money,but he 10 .In broken English he said,“Feel good...help you.”?
Now,you can see Chinese people are always ready to help you.
1.A.friend B.teacher C.invention D.experience
2.A.If B.As C.Although D.Because
3.A.found B.bought C.made D.offered
4.A.harder B.lighter C.thicker D.faster
5.A.store B.hall C.lab D.school
6.A.language B.sentence C.situation D.advantage
7.A.wing B.coin C.scarf D.touch
8.A.lay down B.drove up
C.fell behind D.went away
9.A.happily B.lazily C.bravely D.poorly
10.A.missed B.nodded C.refused D.failed
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。”我”是一个外国人,一次,“我”想去北京某商场买四个旅行箱,不巧的是,在路上遇到了大雨。一位素不相识的人邀请我进屋躲雨并用茶水招待我。当“我”在商店一次拿不了四个旅行箱时,店老板却无偿的用车送我回到住处。原来,中国人时刻都在准备着帮助别人。
1.D 从下文“我”在北京购物的经历可知选D项。
2.B 句意:当我沿街道走时,天突然下起了大雨。故选B项。
3.D 这个陌生人将“我”叫进他的店并提供给“我”茶和椅子。故选D项。
4.B 当雨变小的时候,“我”感谢了他。故选B项。
5.A 从上下文语境可知,“我”外出目的是想去商店买四个旅行箱。故选A项。
6.C 句意:如果你有过曾经试图独自推动四个旅行箱的经历的话,你或许就知道我现在的处境了(意思是“我”一次拿不了这四个旅行箱)。故选C项。
7.D 从下文这个店老板用车帮助“我”的信息可知,此时,“我”的肩膀被人触碰了一下(店主触碰“我”,是想告诉“我”,他会用车帮助“我”)。故选D项。
8.B lie down躺下;drive up开车过来;fall behind落在后面;go away离开。从下文这位店主用车送“我”回住处的信息可知,此时这位店主开车过来了。故选B项。
9.A 在乘车回住处的路上,我们一路都很高兴。故选A项。
10.C 从下文“Feel good...help you.”可知,这位店主拒绝了“我”给他的钱。故选C项。
【2】
(2018·广东广州)
Before graduating college,Jackie began to look for a job.She aimed at a famous company,but the 1 for such jobs was very strong.The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person,but more than twenty people applied for the job. 2 ,Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview.The interview was very 3 .The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes.Then the interviewer said to them,“All of you are very good.Please go home and 4 our response.”?
Three days later,Jackie received a message saying she would not be 5 the job.She felt deeply disappointed.That evening,however,she received another 6 .This time it said that she got the job.?
Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview—a 7 to see if she was suitable for the job.All the three people received the 8 text,but only Jackie’s reply 9 the company.Of the three,one did not reply.The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”.This reply showed that Jackie was a/an 10 person,so the company offered her the job.?
1.A.exam B.work
C.competition D.plan
2.A.Thankfully B.Unluckily
C.Hopefully D.Immediately
3.A.long B.strict
C.interesting D.simple
4.A.pick up B.wait for C.deal with D.think of
5.A.offered B.returned C.refused D.shown
6.A.letter B.e-mail C.call D.message
7.A.guide B.conversation
C.test D.lesson
8.A.same B.other C.second D.whole
9.A.reached B.satisfied C.helped D.surprised
10.A.brave B.clever C.polite D.honest
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。尽管就业竞争非常激烈,但大学生Jackie却准备去一家仅招收一个人但却有20多人参与竞争的公司去碰运气。公司最终从中确定了包括Jackie在内的三个候选人。在三天的等待中,Jackie却收到没有被录取的通知。失望中,Jackie给该公司回复了“谢谢”,没想到她竟然被录用了。可见,礼貌待人也是取胜的重要法宝。
1.C 从下文“20多个竞争者中选一个”的描述可知,找工作的竞争是激烈的。故选C项。
2.A 由上下文语境可知,20多个竞争者,最终只确定三个候选人。这只能说是Jackie很幸运。故选A项。
3.D 从下句“The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes.”可知,面试官仅仅问几个问题,而且10分钟内就面试完了。可见面试还是很简单的。故选D项。
4.B 根据常识,面试过后,面试官肯定会让应聘者回家等待答复。故选B项。
5.A offer提供;return返回;refuse拒绝;show显示。由后句“She felt deeply disappointed.”可推知,三天后,Jackie收到了一条信息,说不会为她提供工作。故选A项。
6.D 由后句“This time it said that she got the job.”可知,那天晚上她又收到另外一条信息。故选D项。
7.C 句意:后来,Jackie发现那第一条发送到她手机的信息也是面试的一部分——一个测试,目的是看看她是否胜任这份工作。根据句意可知选C项。
8.A 句意:事实上,三个人都收到了同样(没被录用)的信息。根据句意可知选A项。
9.B 从下文Jackie被该公司录用的描述可知,只有Jackie的回答让公司满意。故选B项。
10.C 从上句可知,Jackie在收到没有被录用的信息之后没有抱怨,而是说了声“谢谢”。由此说明,Jackie是一个有礼貌的人。因此这家公司录用了她。故选C项。
【3】
(2018·湖北黄石)
You should try to have a good relationship with your neighbours,because you never know 1 you may need their help.If they do something to annoy(让……不高兴) you,it is 2 to discuss it in a polite way than to have an argument(争论) about it.?
For example,if your neighbours are playing loud music that you do not like,ask them politely to 3 the music instead of 4 the police directly for help.?
Trees and fences(围栏) can also be a 5 of disagreement between neighbours.My grandmother likes sitting 6 in the sun after lunch,but her neighbour put up a high fence that 7 sunshine from going into her yard one afternoon.My grandmother didn’t want to be 8 with him,because he 9 her a lot of support when my grandfather died last year.So she went to talk with the neighbour in a friendly way.?
Then,her neighbour lowered the fence just enough to give her some sunshine 10 losing his privacy(私人空间).My grandmother cut down the tree that was above his garden and dropped leaves all over his lawn(草坪) in the autumn.Finally,they reached an agreement which made both pleased.?
1.A.after B.before C.while D.when
2.A.more B.best C.most D.better
3.A.turn down B.turn up
C.turn off D.turn on
4.A.going B.shouting C.calling D.getting
5.A.corner B.cause C.result D.message
6.A.inside B.into C.outside D.onto
7.A.stops B.opens C.shows D.steals
8.A.lonely B.silly C.angry D.awful
9.A.took B.carried C.bought D.gave
10.A.within B.without C.along D.above
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要是讨论在生活当中如何和邻居能够友好地相处,因为你不知道什么时候可能需要他们的帮助。如果他们因为某些事情让你感到不高兴,你应该采用礼貌的方式协商解决而不是用争吵的方式。
1.D 根据句意可知,你不知道“什么时候”可能需要他们的帮助。故选D项。
2.D 首先根据关键词“than”判断应该用比较级。再根据句意可知,采用礼貌的方式解决问题“更好”。故选D项。
3.A turn down“关小,调低”;turn up“出现,发生”;turn off“关掉,关闭”;turn on“打开,发动”。由句意“如果你的邻居正在大声地播放你不喜欢的音乐,礼貌地让他们“关小”音乐而不是直接请警察来帮忙。”可知,答案选A项。
4.C 根据句意判断,是要“呼叫”警察过来帮忙。故答案选C项。
5.B corner“角落,拐角处”;cause“原因,目标”;result“结果,成绩”;message“消息,启示”。由句意“树木和栅栏问题可能也是邻居们意见不一致的原因”可知,答案选B项。
6.C 此空是修饰动词“sitting”,因此选用副词修饰。根据句意判断,外婆喜欢坐在“外面”。故答案选C项。
7.A 根据句意“某天下午,她的邻居把栅栏固定地很高,阻挡阳光照进院子里”判断,答案应选A项。
8.C lonely“寂寞的,偏僻的”;silly“愚蠢的,没头脑的”;angry “生气的,愤怒的”;awful“可怕的,极坏的”。“我”的外婆不想和他“生气”,故答案选C项。
9.D “我”的外婆不想和他生气的原因是在去年外公过世时,他给予了很多支持,故答案选D项。
10.B 根据句意“那样,她的邻居降低栅栏不但可以给她足够的阳光也不会泄漏他的隐私”可知,答案选B项。
【4】
(2019·预测)
A son took his old father to a restaurant for dinner.The father looked very old and 1 .While he was eating,the father 2 food on his shirt and trousers.Other diners watched him in disgust(厌恶) while his son was 3 .?
After the father finished eating,his son was not angry at all.He 4 cleaned the table and helped his father wipe the mouth.Then he took his father to the washroom.When they 5 ,the whole restaurant was watching them in silence.The son 6 for the food and started walking out with his father.?
At that time,an old man 7 the diners called out to the son and asked him,“Don’t you think you have 8 something behind?”?
The son replied,“No,sir,I haven’t.”
The old man retorted,“Yes,you have!You left a lesson for every son and 9 for every father.”The restaurant went silent.?
To care for those who once cared for us is one of the highest honors(荣誉).We all know 10 our parents cared for us.Love them,respect them,and care for them.?
1.A.healthy B.hungry C.thirsty D.weak
2.A.dropped B.saw C.stuck D.picked
3.A.tired B.full C.calm D.strong
4.A.suddenly B.quietly C.clearly D.exactly
5.A.came out B.woke up C.got off D.took off
6.A.prepared B.ordered C.paid D.spent
7.A.like B.among C.with D.as
8.A.left B.took C.lent D.hid
9.A.sign B.hope C.chance D.success
10.A.when B.what C.where D.how
【主旨大意】本文叙述了一个儿子带着他又老又弱的父亲去饭店里吃饭,儿子对父亲的悉心照顾赢得了人们的赞扬。这个故事告诉我们:要尊敬老人。
1.D 由下文儿子擦干净桌子,给父亲擦嘴的举动判断,这位父亲看起来又老又弱。故选D项。
2.A 由下句可知,其他用餐者厌恶地看着老人。故判断,他把饭菜弄落在衬衫和裤子上。故选A项。
3.C 由上句可知,父亲把饭菜弄洒在身上;又由下文的“his son was not angry at all”可知,儿子并不生气。故判断,别的顾客厌恶地看着老人,而他的儿子是沉着平静的。故选C项。
4.B 句意:他静静地擦干净桌子,帮助父亲擦嘴。suddenly突然;quietly静静地;clearly清楚地;exactly确切地,恰恰。故只有B项符合语境。
5.A 由上句可知,儿子和父亲去了洗手间,故判断,当他们出来时,整个饭店(里的人)都安静地看着他们。come out出来;wake up醒来,唤醒;get off下车;take off起飞,脱掉。故选A项。
6.C 句意:儿子为饭菜付款,开始和他的父亲走出去。pay for为……付款。故选C项。
7.B 根据文章内容可知,本文故事发生在饭店。故判断,食客中间的一位老人喊住那个儿子。among在……中间。故选B项。
8.A 由下句的“You left a lesson...”可知,老人问那个儿子“你难道不认为你留下什么东西了吗?”。故选A项。
9.B 句意:你给每一位儿子留下了一课,给每位父亲留下了希望。sign标志;hope希望;chance机会;success成功。根据语境可知只有B项符合语意。
10.D 句意:我们都知道我们的父母是如何照顾我们。故选D项。
【5】
(2019·原创)
A lot of kids are smart.It is procrastination(拖延) that stops them from getting good grades.Procrastination is 1 things to a later time.An example of procrastination would be starting a project one day before it is 2 .Procrastinating is bad,because it makes a person stressed out and the end 3 is usually not very good.?
Since studying is not very 4 ,students put video games,hanging out with friends,and eating out before studying.They end up studying the night before the test and do not get much 5 .This is bad,because eight hours of sleep or more is needed to do 6 .Students who procrastinate end up doing badly on tests.Teachers always 7 students to start early and do a little bit of studying every day.?
Procrastination does not just happen in school;it happens 8 .People put off going to the doctor,looking for jobs,and more.Some people say that procrastination is just human 9 .However,some people say that 10 they procrastinate,they feel stress to work faster.So they can do well.?
1.A.putting up B.putting off
C.putting out D.putting on
2.A.due B.close C.clear D.sudden
3.A.date B.reason C.product D.plan
4.A.early B.cheap C.fun D.short
5.A.tour B.sleep C.exercise D.control
6.A.quickly B.right C.ever D.well
7.A.order B.encourage C.expect D.refuse
8.A.somewhere B.anywhere
C.everywhere D.nowhere
9.A.nature B.illness C.matter D.trouble
10.A.after B.when C.before D.until
【主旨大意】本文论述了大多数孩子是聪明的,但是为什么他们中的一些人不能取得好成绩呢?其主要原因就是:拖延。拖延的毛病不仅仅在学生身上有,很多人身上都有。
1.B 由上句可知,拖延阻碍了学生取得好成绩。故判断拖延就是把事情推迟。put up张贴;put off推迟;put out熄灭;put on增加,穿上。故选B项。
2.A 句意:拖延的一个例子就是在到期日前一天开始一项任务。due预期的。故选A项。
3.C 句意:拖延不好,因为它让人有压力而且最终结果也很不好。故选C项。
4.C 由本句的“students put video games,hanging out with friends,and eating out before studying”可知,学生把打游戏、和朋友闲逛、出去吃饭放在学习之前。故判断学习无趣。故选C项。
5.B 由本句的“studying the night before the test”可知,学生在考试前一晚学习。故判断他们得不到很多睡眠。故选B项。
6.D 句意:这很糟糕,因为做得好需要八个小时的睡眠或者更多。故选D项。
7.B 句意:老师们鼓励学生早开始,每天学习一点。order命令;encourage鼓励;expect期望;refuse拒绝。故只有B项符合语境和句意。
8.C 句意:拖延不仅仅发生在学校,它随处发生。somewhere某处,一般用于肯定句;anywhere某处,一般用于疑问句和否定句;everywhere到处;nowhere没有地方。故选C项。
9.A 句意:一些人说拖延只是人类的本性。nature自然,本性;illness疾病;matter问题,事件;trouble麻烦。故只有A项符合语境。
10.B 句意:然而一些人说当他们拖延的时候他们会感受到压力,要工作得更快。故只有B项符合语境。
题型四 补全对话
做补全对话题时,容易忽视:1.问答句中的“呼应点”;2.不同场景下的常考句式;3.中西方差异;4.语法;5.上下文联系;6.常识;7.主题。
基于以上易忽视点,应对策略如下:
1.对话都是以问答形式展开的,这些句式中必定会出现相互呼应的疑问句或疑问词等。通常可以根据答语来确定疑问句的种类,如以yes或no作答的肯定是一般疑问句或反意疑问句;以时间、地点或方式等细节信息作答的多为特殊疑问句,当然也有可能是选择疑问句。针对特殊疑问句,答题关键是要确定特殊疑问词。
2.通读全文和待选项,知晓A、B双方在怎样的场景(如打电话、问路、购物、看病、邀请、约会、就餐、谈论喜好等)下进行对话是解答补全对话题的关键。对话双方总是围绕某一话题各抒己见,或赞同或反对。有问有答,一来一往。对于待选项中所叙述的是同一话题的句子要保留下来,与话题无关的话要首先排除掉。
3.在情景交际题中,需要留意中西方差异,包括文化差异与思维差异等。比如在电话用语中,用“This is...”表达“我是……”,而不用“I am...”表达。中国人和西方人在思维和表达方式上差距较大,此时要注意“进入角色,换位思考”。
4.任何时候都不能忽视语法的重要性。比如遇到动词就要考虑其对应的时态、语态或是否需要用非谓语形式;遇到名词就要考虑是否需要用复数形式;遇到形容词就要考虑是否需要用它的比较级或最高级。所以做完试卷后一定要检查答案是否符合语法规则。
5.做补全对话题时,要充分利用所给的提示或上下文,认真分析,如果缺少有把握的证据,可将该题跳过,有的题目是可以从下文中得到启示的,还有些题目需要通读全文之后才能推敲出答案。所以一定要注意联系上下文。
6.补全对话题都是和生活有关的口语运用,因此,在实际解题的过程中,还需要有一定的生活常识。因为在情景交际中,有一些题是需要结合生活常识才能作出恰当选择的。比如reading books多在library,生病了就有可能会去hospital,丢了key就有可能进不了家门等。
7.抓住主题有助于更好地理解对话内容,从而提高做题的准确率。一篇完整的对话通常包括三个阶段:提出话题、展开话题和结束话题。解题时应充分利用所给的词句信息,以掌握对话者的身份、态度、意图等。
典例(2018·安徽改编)
A:Hi,Alice. 1 ?
B:Yeah,I’d like to do some traveling.
A: 2 ?
B:Not yet.
A:Do you want to travel in big cities?
B: 3 ?
A:How about Huangshan Mountain?
B: 4 ?
A:Sure!In China,it’s considered to be the king of all the mountains.
B: 5 ?
A:Right.You can see special pines(松树),odd rocks and sea of clouds.You can enjoy hot springs as well.
B:Great!Thank you.
A.Glad to help you.
B.What else can we enjoy?
C.Is it worth traveling there?
D.Have you decided where to go?
E.Then it must have something special.
F.I don’t think it fun to travel in big cities.
G.Do you have any plan for the summer holiday?
答案与解析
1.G 从下文谈论的旅游景点信息可知,这里A问B,这个暑假是否有假期计划。故选G项。
2.D 从答语“Not yet.”可知,A问B,是否决定了去什么地方。故选D项。
3.F 从上句“你想在大城市旅行吗?”及下句“黄山怎么样呢?”等信息可知,B不想去大城市,她认为大城市不好玩。故选F项。
4.C 从答语“在中国,黄山被认为是大山之王”可知,B在此问的是,黄山是否值得一玩。故选C项。
5.E 从答语“你能看见奇松、怪石和云海”等信息可知,B说的是,(既然黄山是大山之王,)那么它一定有许多的特色。故选E项。
素养训练提高
【1】
(2018·广西河池)
A:Hello!Zhu Hui,have you seen the movie Amazing China(《厉害了,我的国》)?
B:Not yet.What do you think of it?
A: 1 ?
B:I heard it’s a documentary,but many people like watching it. 2 ?
A:It’s about China’s achievements over the last five years.
B: 3 ?
A:No,55.5% of the audience are 20 to 29 years old.
B:Really?I can’t believe it.Anything else?
A.And the film has caused a patriotic fever(爱国热) recently.
B.Who is the director?
C.I think it’s fantastic.
D.I guess the old people like it better,right?
E.How can I get there?
F.What is it about?
G.Would you like to go with me?
A: 4 ?
B:Oh,I’ll go to see the film tonight. 5 ?
A:Haha.You know I have seen it.You can ask Li Ming to go with you.He wants to see it.
B:OK.I’ll call him later.
A:Have a good time tonight.
【答案】CFDAG
【2】
(2018·湖北黄石)
A:Hi,Peter,how long have you been in China?
B: 1 However,I’m going back to Britain tomorrow.I’ve seen many interesting things in China.?
A: 2 ?
B:Oh,yes.I love it.But when I visited it last time,there were too many people.I’ve also been to the Bird’s Nest.
A:Wow,great! 3 ?
B:Yes,I went to see the West Lake in Hangzhou.It is so beautiful.
A.What’s your favourite Chinese dish?
B.Where have you been?
C.I’ve been here for two weeks.
D.Did you go anywhere outside Beijing?
E.Have a safe trip home.
F.I wish you will have a good time in China.
G.Have you been to the Great Wall?
A:OK.Have you tried any Chinese food?
B:Oh,yes.I love Chinese food.
A: 4 ?
B:My favourite is Beijing Duck.It’s delicious.
A:Thank you for your time! 5 ?
B:Thank you.
【答案】CGDAE
【3】
(2018·湖南怀化)
A:Hello! May I speak to Helen,please?
B:Hello! 1 Who’s that??
A:Susan speaking. 2 ?
B:I am not sure. 3 ?
A:Yes,I do.What about going to Chengdu together?
B:Good idea. 4 ?
A:By train. 5 ?
B:OK.Two double rooms,please.
A.Can I book(预订)the rooms now?
B.Did you go anywhere interesting?
C.Do you have a good idea?
D.How can we get there?
E.How was your vacation?
F.This is Helen speaking.
G.Where will you go on vacation?
【答案】FGCDA
【4】
(2018·江西)
(Sandra and Luke plan their trip to Cape Town.S=Sandra L=Luke)
S:OK,that’s the flight(航班).Let’s look for a hotel now. 1 ?
L:Three nights—Friday,Saturday and Sunday.Are there any hotels near the airport?
S:Yes,there are.But they are expensive.Just a minute...no,there aren’t any cheap hotels near the airport.They are all expensive. 2 ?
L:Wow!Well,what about a youth hostel(青年旅社)?Is there a youth hostel near the airport?
S:OK,let’s see.I don’t think so...no,there isn’t.I don’t like youth hostels. 3 ?
L:OK.Let’s look in the city centre.Are there any cheap hotels there?
S:Yes,of course there are.
A.I think the bus is fine.
B.We need a room for two.
C.Do you like a youth hostel?
D.Is it for two nights or three?
E.They aren’t very comfortable.
F.There’s a bus every twenty minutes.
G.This one is four hundred dollars a night.
L:Well,that’s good.And is there a bus to the city centre?
S:A bus from the airport?Yes,there is. 4 There isn’t a train,but that’s OK.?
L:And there are taxis,too.
S: 5 OK.So let’s look at these hotels.?
A.I think the bus is fine.
【答案】DGEFA
【5】
(2018·山东滨州)
A:Hello,is that Mr.Rogers?
B:Yes,it is. 1 ?
A:I’m from the package delivery company (快递公司);I have your package.Are you at home?
B:Unfortunately I’m at work right now. 2 ?
A:Actually,this package needs your signature(签名).Can I bring it to your office instead?
B: 3 I don’t have time to leave my desk.?
A:I see. 4 ?
B:Yes,that would be better.Can you bring it to my home at 6 p.m.?
A:Sure,that is fine. 5 ?
B:Great,thank you so much!
A.Can you leave the package at my door?
B.What time is it?
C.Well,can I bring the package tomorrow?
D.I’ll see you tomorrow at 6 p.m.
E.What can I do for you?
F.How much does it cost?
G.I’m quite busy at work now.
【答案】EAGCD
题型五 阅读理解
选择型阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析能力和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读短文,获取其中的主要信息,然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。常见的考查方式有以下四种:
1.细节理解题
这类题目的答案一般都能在文章中直接找到,做题前,可以先浏览一下题目,然后带着问题快速阅读,找出能解决问题的有关信息。但是一定要注意捕捉准确的信息,进行理解分析,去伪存真,否则会陷入题目设下的“陷阱”,受其迷惑而误选干扰项。
2.主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要涉及文章的中心思想、主要内容、标题、作者的态度、目的、文章的语气等。我们在做题时一定要注意首句和尾句,因为它们往往是文章的主题句。
3.推理判断题
在做推理判断题时,必须从原文中找到推断的依据。这类题要求考生摆脱字面理解的局限,透过文章的字里行间,对作者的话进行推理判断,领悟隐含在字里行间的内涵或哲理,体会作者的言外之意、弦外之音,从而获得对文章的深层理解。
4.词义猜测题
解答这类题目时,必须认真阅读文章,通过上下文的联系,结合已有的知识猜测其在具体语境中的含义,下面介绍一些猜词的技巧:
(1)通过因果关系猜词;
(2)通过同义词和反义词关系猜词;
(3)通过构词法猜词;
(4)通过定义或释义来推测词义;
(5)通过句法功能来推测词义;
(6)通过描述猜词。
典例(2018·安徽)
Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you,and self-driving cars will find the nearest parking space themselves?Although it might sound a little far from you,living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than you think.
Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries,while completely new cities are being built.One such place is the city of Songdo.Every home there will have a “telepresence” system (远程遥控系统)—allowing users to control the heating and locks,take part in video meetings,and receive education,healthcare and government services.Around the city,escalators (自动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them,and offices and schools will all be connected to the system.
The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco.In fact,technology companies around the world such as IBM,Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.
About 75% of the world’s population will live in cities by 2050,so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the coming problems.“Making cities smarter is one way out,and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill,head of a research company.
1.According to the text,living in a “smart” city .?
A.is not a green way
B.will be far from you
C.will soon become true
D.is completely impossible
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A.A city of the future.
B.A meeting in Songdo.
C.A plan to build a house.
D.A report on public health.
3.Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo?
A.Cisco. B.IBM.
C.Siemens. D.Microsoft.
4.Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to .?
A.drive people out of cities
B.control the world’s population
C.develop his own company
D.solve the cities’ coming problems
5.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A.Future Education B.Smart Cities
C.Government Services D.Famous Companies
答案与解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。一切都具有“智能化”的新型城市在不久的未来就会变成现实。人们使用远程遥控系统控制各种各样的机器为自己服务,其结果是人们生活更方便,城市更环保。
1.C 细节理解题。从第一段中的“living in a ‘smart’ city like this could happen sooner than you think”可知,生活在“智能化”的城市远比你想象的要来得快。也就是说,这种“智能化”的城市不久就会变成现实。故选C项。
2.A 段落大意题。阅读第二段可知,本段谈论了在未来的Songdo城市,每家每户都有远程遥控系统控制着机器进行运转,教育、卫生健康、政府服务都会纳入该系统。由此可知,本段主要谈论的是未来的城市。故选A项。
3.A 细节理解题。从第三段中的“The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco.”可知,建立未来城市Songdo的构想是由Cisco公司提出的。故选A项。
4.D 推理判断题。从最后一段Dan Hill的话可知,Dan Hill认为,使得城市变得更加智能化是一种出路,这样可以渐渐使得城市变得更环保。也就是说,智能化的城市肯定能解决当今的各种问题(如污染)从而使得城市更环保。故选D项。
5.B 主旨大意题。阅读本文可知,文章谈论的就是未来的“智能化”的城市。故选B项。
素养训练提高
【1】
(2018·安徽)
It’s a cold,grey Sunday afternoon in March.The British are all working in their gardens.They’re digging,cutting leaves and planting new seeds(种子).By summer,their gardens will be full of bright colours.
The British love their gardens.A British newspaper recently asked people for their opinions about them.Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden,and over 50% of these described gardening as the most enjoyable thing they ever did.
Only one in ten houses in Britain do not have a garden.People who live in houses without gardens often rent(租用) land from the government.
At first,only very rich people had gardens.You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history,such as Chatsworth House or Castle Howard.In the early twentieth century,however,gardening became a hobby.People bought different kinds of seeds and plants for their gardens.Although roses,sunflowers and tomatoes are often grown in British gardens,they originally(起初) grew wild in other countries.
Every year,there are competitions for the largest vegetables,but don’t expect to win:Britain’s biggest carrot is almost six metres long.?
1.In summer,British gardens are often B .?
A.full of people digging there
B.colorful with different plants
C.too hot for people to work there
D.covered with grey leaves and plants
2.A recent survey showed that A of the British felt it important to do some gardening.?
A.around 70% B.over 50%
C.only 20% D.about 10%
3.We can infer from Paragraph 4 that D .?
A.seeds were provided for free
B.roses were first grown in Britain
C.gardening is a hobby in the world
D.the owner of Chatsworth House was rich
4.What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence? B ?
A.It is easy to grow big vegetables.
B.It is hard to win the competition.
C.The carrot is much easier to grow.
D.The carrot is his favorite vegetable.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了在英国人们都喜欢在自己家设置一块地用作花园种植各种各样的植物与蔬菜的历史和文化。
1.B 细节理解题。由第一段中的“By summer,their gardens will be full of bright colours.”可知,夏天英国人的花园被不同的植物点缀得五颜六色。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。从第二段中的“Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden”可知,大约70%的人认为在花园里花些时间很重要。故选A项。
3.D 推理判断题。从第四段中的“At first,only very rich people had gardens.You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history,such as Chatsworth House or Castle Howard.”可知,当初,仅仅只有非常富有的人才拥有花园。你能看见年岁久远的房子周围都有花园,比如查茨沃斯庄园或者霍华德城堡。由此推知查茨沃斯庄园的主人肯定很富有。故选D项。
4.B 推理判断题。从最后一段描述可知,每年在英国都有最大蔬菜的比赛,但人们并不期望能胜出,因为英国最大的萝卜都几乎有六米长。一个萝卜都有那么长,由此可知还有其他更大的蔬菜,因此要想在比赛中获胜是很难的,所以人们对是否胜出也不抱多大希望。故选B项。
【2】
(2018·安徽合肥庐阳二模)
Our school’s science festival just ended a few days ago.What interested me most was the time we spent making a car.It was made out of corrugated cardboard(瓦楞纸板),but could still hold a person,as well as move.
We were excited about this idea,but we found it hard to make the car.It seemed impossible for a cardboard car to carry someone.Our physics teacher showed us a video.There was some corrugated cardboard shaped like a“V” or “W” in the video.It could hold more weight.This gave us the idea to make the car after getting the proper materials.
Because there was not much time left for us,we had to finish it as quickly as possible.We talked about how the car should be made and how to test it.I was glad that we were able to work closely with each other.Everyone saw the work as an interesting way to relax.When the car was finally finished,we all wore a smile on our faces and found that all our work had been worth it,even after spending whole afternoons working on it.
We joined the competition after we finished the car.Though we didn’t win any prizes,we found something more meaningful than success.We learned new things about physics and learned how to get along with each other.
1.The car was made out of D .?
A.thick stone B.special glass
C.strong wood D.corrugated cardboard
2.The writer’s C teacher showed them a video to help them make the car.?
A.math B.history
C.physics D.English
3.The writer was glad that they were able to B .?
A.win the prizes successfully
B.work closely with each other
C.join the competition together
D.find an interesting way to relax
4.Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A ?
A.The car they made could hold a person and move.
B.It was not very hard for them to make the car.
C.They spent much money getting proper materials.
D.There was enough time for them to make the car.
【主旨大意】文章主要介绍了作者参加科技节和同学们一起创作的历程,虽然没有取得名次,但也学到了很多知识及如何进行团队合作。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第1段中的“It was made out of corrugated cardboard”可知它是由瓦楞纸板制成的,故答案是D项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第2段中的“Our physics teacher showed us a video”可知,我们的物理老师给我们看了一段录像,故答案是C项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据第3段中的“I was glad that we were able to work closely with each other”可知我很高兴我们能够彼此紧密合作,故答案是B项。
4.A 细节理解题。根据第1段中的“It was made out of corrugated cardboard(瓦楞纸板),but could still hold a person,as well as move.”可知它是由瓦楞纸板制成的,但仍然可以容纳一个人,也可以移动。A项是正确的。
【3】
(2018·安徽合肥蜀山二模)
The Fox and the Stork(鹳)
At one time the Fox and the Stork always visited each other and seemed very good friends.So the Fox invited the Stork to dinner,and for a joke he put nothing before her but some soup in a very shallow(浅的) dish.The Fox could easily finish his food,but the Stork could only wet the end of her long bill in it,and left the meal as hungry as when she began.“I’m sorry,” said the Fox,“the soup is not to your liking.” “It doesn’t matter,” said the Stork,“I hope you will return this visit,and come and have dinner with me soon.”
So here came a day when the Fox should visit the Stork,but when they were seated at table all that was for their dinner was put in a very long-necked bottle with a small mouth,in which the Fox could not insert his snout(吻部),so all he could manage to do was to lick(舔) the outside of the bottle.
“I will not say sorry for the dinner,” said the Stork.“One bad turn deserves(值得) another.”
1.What was served to the Stork at the Fox’s home? B ?
A.Nothing. B.Some soup.
C.A big meal. D.A little wine.
2.What does “bill” mean in Chinese? B ?
A.账单 B.鸟嘴
C.腿 D.脖子
3.At the Stork’s home,the food for the Fox was put in C .?
A.a very shallow bowl
B.a very shallow dish
C.a very long-necked bottle
D.a very small spoon
4.What does the story tell us? D ?
A.One shouldn’t have too many friends.
B.Not everything you see is what it appears to be.
C.One will get a great success after achieving goals little by little.
D.One will be hurt by himself if he hurts others on purpose.
【主旨大意】文章主要通过狐狸请鹳吃饭恶作剧,后面又被鹳捉弄了,故事告诉我们如果你无法忍受别人对你恶作剧,请不要作弄你的邻人。
1.B 细节理解题。根据文中的第1段“So the Fox invited the Stork to dinner,and for a joke he put nothing before her but some soup in a very shallow(浅的)dish.”于是狐狸邀请鹳来吃晚饭,只是在很浅的盘子里放了一些汤。故答案是B项。
2.B 词义猜测题。根据文中的“but the Stork could only wet the end of her long bill in it”结合喝汤,可知是把鸟嘴末端弄湿。故答案是B项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据文中的第1段“but when they were seated at table all that was for their dinner was put in a very long-necked bottle with a small mouth”可知所有的晚餐都装在一个长颈瓶里。故答案是C项。
4.D 主旨大意题。根据文中的第2段的“I will not say sorry for the dinner,”said the Stork.“One bad turn deserves(值得)another.”可知,一个人如果故意伤害别人,就会受到伤害。答案是D项。
【4】
(2019·原创)
Trouble and the New Kid is a perfect book for the kids written by Cate Whittle.It is fun and humorous.
Nina is the new kid at school.She is tidy and organized and smart and,well,she’s dislike Georgia at all.When Georgia tells Nina about her dragon,Trouble,Nina rolls her eyes and says “hmnph”.Nina doesn’t believe in dragons.Nina doesn’t like to talk about anything that is not real.
Although Georgia and all the other kids at school believe in dragons,Nina refuses to believe that dragons exist (存在).When Trouble finds out Nina doesn’t believe in him he starts sulking.He won’t even eat his favorite potato chips.Then,something terrible happens—Trouble starts to fade(逐渐消失)!
What can Georgia do?She must come up with a plan to get Nina to believe in Trouble,but how will she get Nina to see him when he’s not allowed to get into school?Will Nina believe before Trouble disappears?
This little story is told by Georgia,with her funny comment on everything happening around her.The thought in young Georgia’s mind will certainly ring true for anyone who has lived with an imaginative(富于想象力的) six-to-eight-year-old!
Stephen Michael King’s fantastic pictures bring out the humour and imagination in the story and will help readers fall in love with Georgia and Trouble.
This is the third book in the Trouble series and lower primary kids will love it.
1.In the book,Trouble is D .?
A.a student B.a girl
C.a boy D.a dragon
2.Nina thinks it is C when Georgia tells her about Trouble.?
A.interesting B.exciting
C.impossible D.amazing
3.The underlined word“sulking” has the same meaning with the word “ A ”.?
A.angry B.full
C.hungry D.noisy
4.In the book,Georgia B .?
A.hates everything that isn’t real
B.talks about everything happening around her
C.likes eating potato chips very much.
D.draws many pictures of the dragons
5.Which is right about Trouble and the New Kid? B ?
A.This book is perfect for the middle school students to read.
B.There are a lot of funny pictures in this book.
C.You can learn a lot about different kinds of trouble in this book.
D.There are few comments in this book,so it is interesting.
【主旨大意】文章主要介绍了《麻烦》系列之一《麻烦和新成员》的故事梗概及对该书的评价。
1.D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“When Georgia tells Nina about her dragon,Trouble”可知,Trouble是一条龙。
2.C 推理判断题。由第二段的“Nina doesn’t believe in dragons.”可知,Nina不相信有龙,故判断当Georgia告诉她关于Trouble的事的时候她认为是不可能的。
3.A 词义猜测题。由下面两句可知,Trouble不吃他最喜欢的薯条,然后开始逐渐消失。故判断当Trouble发现Nina不相信他的时候,他很生气。因此sulking意为“生气”。
4.B 细节理解题。由第五段的“Georgia,with her funny comment on everything happening around her”可知,Georgia对她周围发生的一切进行评论。故选B项。
5.B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知,这本书里有很多有趣的画。故选B项。
【5】
(2019·预测)
Zongzi is not just a food with rice and other delicious food in it,but one of the symbols of the Dragon Boat Festival in China.
The festival is on the 5th day of the fifth lunar(阴历) month.It is to remember the famous poet Qu Yuan in Chinese history.Zongzi,or rice dumpling,also speaks to the tradition of home cooking in different places.
There are different kinds of zongzi.Here are just several examples.
The most famous—Jiaxing zongzi Jiaxing zongzi,named after the city Jiaxing in Zhejiang,is the most famous food during the Dragon Boat Festival thanks to Wufangzhai,the largest zongzi here.More than 6,000,000 Wufangzhai zongzi are on sale in stores across the country during the festival.Also Jiaxing has the first and the only museum of zongzi.
The oldest—Xi’an zongzi The “cold honey” zongzi has the longest history in Xi’an.Made with rice,cold honey zongzi without fillings(馅) is a great food during the hot summer.
The largest—Nanning zongzi Each Nanning zongzi mostly is about one kilogram.It is also called “pillow zong” because of its large size and the middle part with fillings a little taller than the two sides.Also in Guangxi,people once made the largest zongzi with 50-kilogram rice and meat.If a three-person family eats it,it will take them two months.
The smallest—Shanghai zongzi The smallest zongzi is in Shanghai city.It is comfortable just right for a mouth.Some people like to enjoy it with a cup of Chinese tea.
1.Different Chinese zongzi can also show the differences of Chinese B .?
A.history B.culture
C.sports D.shopping
2.You can visit a zongzi museum in A .?
A.Jiaxing B.Xi’an
C.Shanghai D.Nanning
3.Of all the four kinds of zongzi,which is the oldest? B ?
A.Jiaxing zongzi. B.Xi’an zongzi.
C.Nanning zongzi. D.Shanghai zongzi.
4.Which is the Nanning zongzi? B ?
5.The passage mainly tells us C .?
A.the tradition of Dragon Boat Festival
B.the most famous Chinese food
C.some different kinds of zongzi
D.different ways of making zongzi
【主旨大意】本文介绍了几种中国最知名的粽子,即最著名的粽子——嘉兴粽子、最古老的粽子——西安粽子、最大的粽子——南宁粽子和最小的粽子——上海粽子。
1.B 推理判断题。由文章第一段可知,粽子是端午节的象征。故判断不同的粽子代表了不同的中国饮食文化。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。由第四段的“the only museum of zongzi”可知,唯一的粽子博物馆在嘉兴。故选A项。
3.B 细节理解题。由第五段的“The oldest—Xi’an zongzi”可知,西安粽子是最古老的粽子。
4.B 推理判断题。由倒数第二段的“It is also called ‘pillow zong’...the middle part with fillings a little taller than the two sides.”可知,南宁粽子叫做枕头粽子,中间馅料比两边的高。根据图示判断选B项。
5.C 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了中国比较知名的粽子。故选C项。
题型六 任务型阅读
任务型阅读是阅读理解的一种最新题型。安徽中考去年采取回答问题的形式来考查这种阅读。它不仅可以测试考生的语言知识水平和阅读能力,它还可以测试考生对生活常识的了解。安徽中考任务型阅读,题目的问题多为特殊疑问句。问题的内容小到一个词的词义,大到概述故事的大意;可以提问一件事,也可以推断作者的意图,评价作品的内容。问题可以是单一问题、也可以是综合问题或发挥性问题。做回答问题型的阅读理解需把握一些事实细节。如who,when,where,which,what等事实。建议采用逆读查找法,即先看题目,通过题目了解文章大意,再看短文,有目的地突破细节。
典例(2018·安徽)
Mr.Reynolds,my teacher,handed us a list of thoughts,and asked us to write a paper on one of those thoughts.I chose the topic “I wonder why things are the way they are.”
I wrote down all the questions that puzzled(困扰) me about life.I realized that many of them were hard to answer,and perhaps others could not be answered at all.When I handed in my paper,I was afraid that I might fail because I did not answer the questions.
The next day,Mr.Reynolds handed me the paper and asked me to read it for the class.The other students became quiet as I began to read my story:
Mum,why are the roses red?Why is the grass green and the sky blue?Why do I have to graduate (毕业)?Why do I have to grow up?Why do I have to be called “Grandma” one day?...
Dad,why can’t I stay out until 12:00?Why do I miss my old friends?Why do I miss being at home?Why do you love me so much?...
Mum,Dad,why did you have to leave me?I need you.
At the end of my story,I looked at Mr.Reynolds,and I saw a tear slowly coming down his face.Then I realized that life is not built on the answers we receive,but on the questions we ask.
1.Why was the writer afraid that she might fail?(不超过10个词)
2.What did the teacher ask the writer to do for the class?(不超过15个词)
3.What did the writer realize at the end of the story?(不超过15个词)
答案与解析
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述一次初中时期的经历,探讨了对于生命疑问的思考。
1.Because she did not answer the questions (she wrote down). 细节理解题。从第二段中的“I was afraid that I might fail because I did not answer the questions.”中提取答案。注意改变人称。
2.The teacher asked her to read her paper for the class./To read her paper for the class. 细节理解题。从第三段中的“The next day,Mr.Reynolds handed me the paper and asked me to read it for the class.”中提取答案。适当改变人称。
3.The writer realized that life is built on the questions we ask./Life is not built on the answers we receive,but on the questions we ask. 观点态度题。从最后一段中的“Then I realized that life is not built on the answers we receive,but on the questions we ask.”中提取答案。
素养训练提高
【1】
(2018·安徽合肥庐阳二模)
A father and his son went to a kite-flying festival.The son felt very happy when he saw the sky filled with colorful kites.He wanted to fly a kite,too.The father then bought a kite for his son.
The son started to fly the kite.Soon,his kite was high up in the sky.After a while,the son said,“Father,it seems that the string(线) is stopping the kite from flying higher.If we cut it,it will be free and fly even higher.Can we cut it?” The father cut the string and the kite started to go higher.This made the little boy happy.
But then,slowly,the kite started to come down.It soon fell to the ground.The son was very surprised to see this.He asked his father,“I thought that after cutting the string,the kite would fly higher.Why did it fall down?”
The father explained,“The string was not stopping the kite from going higher,but was helping it stay in the sky.You helped the kite go up in the right direction by using the string.But when you cut the string,it could no longer support the kite.”
You may sometimes feel there are certain things that are holding you back and stopping you from growing.But in fact,these might be the things that support you the most.Remember this:strong support can help you grow!
1.Why did the boy feel happy on the kite-flying festival?(不超过10个词)
Because he saw the sky filled with colorful kites.?
2.What did the boy think stopped the kite from flying higher?(不超过10个词)
The string.?
3.What can we learn from the story?(不超过10个词)
Strong support can help us grow!?
【2】
(2018·安徽合肥蜀山二模)
I believe it is important to separate good failures(失败) from bad failures.Good failures happen when,even though you made the correct decision,you still lost.Bad failures happen because you made bad decisions,or worse,didn’t make a decision at all.Although the two feel the same,they have a completely different long-term influence.
Separating good failures from bad failures takes work because our real life is messy.Bad failures are caused by an uncertain decision,while good failures are caused by the unexpected influence of the best choice.
Although it can be difficult to separate the two,there are benefits(好处).By separating the two kinds of failures,it is easier to hold on through good failures.It may hurt your business for the fifteenth time,but it isn’t necessarily a bad failure.By separating the two,you can also avoid more bad failures.If you fail because of laziness,indecision or poor planning,you can quickly correct these in the future.
1.What are the two kinds of failures in the passage?
Good and bad failures.?
2.What is the reason for bad failures according to Paragraph 2?(不超过8个词)
Bad decisions and no decision.?
3.What are the benefits of separating good failures from bad failures?(不超过17个词)
Easier to hold on through good failures and avoid more bad failures.?
【3】
(2018·安徽马鞍山二模)
Much meaning can be carried clearly with our eyes,so it is often said that eyes can speak.Do you have such kind of experience?In a bus you may look at a stranger,but not too long.And if he finds that he is being looked at,he may feel uncomfortable.It’s the same in daily life.If you are looked at for more than necessary,you will look at yourself up and down,to see if there is something wrong with you.If nothing goes wrong,you will feel angry toward the person who is looking at you that way.Eyes do speak,right?
Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite.But sometimes things are different.If a man looks at a woman for more than 10 seconds,it may mean that he wishes to attract her attention,to make her understand that he loves her.When two people are in a conversation,the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time,in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what he or she is saying.Lovers will enjoy looking at each other or being looked at for a long time,to show something that words cannot express.
Clearly,eye contact(接触) should be done according to the relationship between two people and the place where you stay.
1.What can our eyes carry clearly according to the passage?(不超过5个词)
Much meaning.?
2.Why will the speaker look at the listener from time to time when they are in a conversation?(不超过20个词)
To make sure that the listener does pay attention to what he or she is saying.?
3.What should we think about doing eye contact?(不超过15个词)
The relationship between two people and the place where you stay.?
【4】
(2019·预测)
Do you think “real” art hangs in museums?Think again!Some people make artworks on outdoor walls.The artworks are called murals.
Judy Baca is an American artist.She was born in 1946.Her family is from Mexico.When she was young,Judy lived in Los Angeles with her mother and her grandmother.When Judy was six,her life changed.She and her mother moved across Los Angeles.Judy had always talked in Spanish.At first,Judy found it hard to pronounce English words.Her teacher let her paint and draw when she couldn’t understand the lessons.Judy started to love art.Later,she went to college and studied art.
After college,Judy worked for the city of Los Angeles.She taught art in a neighborhood called Boyle Heights.Different groups of teenagers hung out there.The groups did not get along well.Judy wanted them to work together,so she decided to paint a mural with 20 teenagers from different groups.She helped them put aside their differences.
Some people in the community tried to stop Judy’s work,but she didn’t give up.When the mural was done,people loved it.It was called MiAbuelita,which means “my grandmother”.The mural showed a Mexican American grandmother with open arms.She looked as if she was offering a hug.It became a symbol of unity.
Later,Judy started two programs to get people to paint murals all over Los Angeles.They make art for people of all different backgrounds and cultures.
1.Where did Judy live when she was young?(不超过10个词)
In Los Angeles.?
2.What did Judy’s teacher do when she couldn’t understand lessons?(不超过10个词)
Her teacher let her paint and draw.?
3.Why did Judy decide to paint a mural with teenagers from different groups?(不超过15个词)
Because she wanted them to work together and put aside their differences.?
题型七 单词拼写
根据首字母及汉语提示完成单词是相对简单的词汇考查题型,完成这类题要掌握以下方法和技巧。
1.先要根据首字母和汉语提示写出与首字母和汉语意思相对应的单词。
2.然后再从语法、句法角度确定词汇的正确形式。
3.最后把确定的单词放入需要填写的地方,从句意、语法等方面进行再一次检验,从而提高准确率。
典例(2018·安徽合肥包河一模)
1.Whatever happens,we should have the courage to f (面对) the difficulty.?
2.They finally solved the problem in a p (合适的) way.?
3.The children are learning how to c (计数).?
4.Your brother is a man of many t (才能).?
5.There are two stone lions who g (守卫) the gate in the big house.?
答案与解析
1.face 句意:无论发生什么,我们都应该有勇气面对困难。have the courage to do sth.有勇气做某事,故用动词原形face。
2.proper 句意:他们最后用合适的方法解决了那个难题。修饰名词way,故用形容词,故为proper。
3.count 句意:孩子们正在学习如何数数。how to do sth.作动词learn的宾语,故为count。
4.talents 句意:你的哥哥是一个很有才能的人。有many修饰,故用名词的复数形式,故为talents。
5.guard 句意:有两个石狮子守卫那所大房子的门口。此处的定语从句的谓语根据先行词two stone lions来判断,先行词是复数名词,故定语从句的谓语用复数形式,故为guard。
素养训练提高
【1】
(2018·安徽蚌埠禹会二模)
1.All the people think his selfless spirit is really worth praising(称赞,赞扬).
2. Wednesday (星期三) is the fourth day of the week.?
3.He made a few mistakes because of his carelessness(粗心),so he failed in the exam.
4.Mr.Wu is really a good teacher.I’ve never met a stricter(严格) one than him.
5.I didn’t realise/realize(意识到) that I had made such a mistake until he told me.
【2】
(2018·安徽蚌埠禹会一模)
1.Only eight people attended(参加) the meeting last Friday.
2.She is an outgoing girl with full energy(精力).
3.Later the leader realized the problem and took action to improve(改善) the situation.
4.We’d better check on the soccer match in the local(当地) newspaper.
5.The government made another survey(调查) of the population of the city in 2015.
【3】
(2018·安徽合肥四十二中九年级月考)
1.I dream of visiting many great wonders(奇观) all over the world.
2.She failed to win a gold medal (奖牌) in the match.?
3.Could you please lay (摆放) the table for us??
4.He kept silent(沉默的) when he got to know the result.
5.This primary school was founded(创建) about 20 years ago.
【4】
(2018·江苏苏州七模改编)
1.Medicine will be harmful(有害的)to health if it is not taken properly.
2.If you do all these things instead(代替)of your homework,you won’t have time to study.
3.We provide books,and we set tests every week to check your progress(进步).
4.You can fly directly (直接地)to Shanghai from most British airports.?
5.The singer was unwise to choose songs which go beyond(超出)his ability.
【5】
(2019·原创)
1.In China,you should accept(接受) a gift with both hands.
2.This blind man can’t afford(买得起) to go to hospital because he doesn’t have enough money.
3.It depends (决定于) on my family’s travelling plan.?
4.They are worried about the safety(安全)of the food bought in the market.
5.All the members(成员) of the Film Club are going to the cinema together.
【6】
(2018·浙江宁波改编)
1.There will be a high-speed railway between(在……之间)Ningbo and Zhoushan.
2.The use of new energy cars helps to reduce air pollution(污染).
3.I can’t hear you clearly(清楚地).Please speak a little bit louder.
4.Liu Chuanjian is considered a hero(英雄) because he safely landed the damaged plane.
5.Mr.Smith kisses(亲吻)his wife and kids before he goes to work every day.
【7】
(2019·预测)
1.Mr.Wang is a teacher and he has taught(教) math for about ten years.
2.Our English teacher said your answer was wrong,but I think your answer was correct(正确的).I agree with you.
3.Dogs can be trained to help blind(失明的) people cross the street.
4.We will have a picnic unless(除非) it rains tomorrow.
5.How clever the boy is!He worked out the math problem easily(容易地).
【8】
(2019·原创)
1.Different persons have different thoughts (想法),so let us ask more people before making decisions.?
2.When we heard the beautiful music,we couldn’t help dancing(跳舞) to it.
3.If you want to visit Tibet and talk with people there,you probably need someone to translate(翻译) for you.
4.He is a kind man.He always provides(提供) others with food.
5.Whatever(无论什么) you do,don’t miss the exhibition.It’s really nice.
题型八 书面表达
一、认真审题
认真审题的目的就是要确定时态及人称,同时关注题材格式。
时态:故事性文章一般用过去时,其中表达感受时可用现在时。说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时,举例时可用过去时。根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用,如过去和现在的对比等。
如果句中出现了时间状语,时态则要与时间状语一致。如ago,last night等用于一般过去时。next year,“in+一段时间”等一般用于将来时。
人称:注意在句子中人称的统一。例如:Thanks to the teachers,we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人称的统一。
格式:注意书信格式的开头和结尾。
二、找全信息点
1.切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全,找齐信息点,建议用铅笔标出,写完后再擦掉。
2.根据题目,可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
值得注意的是找全信息点的时候,尤其要紧扣主题,突出重点。
三、成文时表述正确
英语写作和语文写作一样,文字表述正确还只是基本的要求,文字的流畅程度同样重要。不过有三点依旧需要注意:
1.切忌与汉语提示一一对应,使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。
2.首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾、主系表等)。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写,较好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。
3.认真检查,检查信息点是否全面,时态、人称是否一致,句子结构是否清晰,短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。
四、认真检查,然后将作文誊写在答题卷上。
书写时注意按结构分段,书写力求清晰。
典例1(2018·安徽)
某英文杂志社正面向九年级毕业生征文,请从以下要点中选择一至两个方面,并结合具体事例,用英语写一篇题为“Thank you,my teacher!”的短文参加此次活动。要点如下:
1.严格要求;
2.耐心指导;
3.热情鼓励;
4.……
注意:1.词数80~100;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.文中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。
写作思路
一、审题
这是一篇提纲作文,写对老师的感谢。写作注意事项如下:
1.本文属于记叙文,文章所用的时态要以一般过去时态或一般现在时态为主;
2.人称上以第三人称为主,注意代词的运用;
3.注意多使用一些好的句型、句式,以使文章表达流畅,有节奏感。
二、可用素材
1.词汇:be strict with,fail,patient,difficult,deal with,encourage,help,give up,make progress
2.句式:
When she found I was very worried,she encouraged me to study harder.
She was always patient to make me understand every single question.
With her help,I’ve had enough courage to face difficulties and made much progress in English.
Not only does she explain everything clearly but also she is very patient with us.
One possible version:
Thank you,my teacher!
Mrs.Li is my English teacher during my three-year middle school studies.She has left a very good impression on me.She is a really wonderful teacher.Not only does she explain everything clearly but also she is very patient with us.Besides,her class is well organized and in class she always encourages us and avoids making us feel embarrassed even when we make mistakes,so every student is very active in the class discussion.She has already been popular with all of the students in our class!With Mrs.Li’s help,I have made much progress in English.
Thank you,Mrs.Li!Thanks for helping and encouraging me!
典例2
上高中后的第一节英语课上,老师要求每个同学用英语做一分钟的自我介绍。请准备一份80~100词的发言稿,内容应涉及以下四个方面:
1.家庭情况;
2.学习上的强项与弱项;
3.兴趣与爱好;
4.对高中生活的期待。
要求:1.内容反映自己的真实情况,但不得在文中提及真实的人名、地名和校名;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
Hello,everybody,
Nice to meet you.My name is Li Huan.I’m from Rainbow High School.
写作思路
一、审题
本篇作文是一篇提纲作文,要求写作的内容是自我介绍,需要介绍的内容要点已经全部给出。考生需要做的就是把这些信息整合到一起,组成一篇完整的文章。此话题正是初中英语的重点话题之一,也是常考的写作话题之一。注意事项:
1.本文是说明文,以一般现在时为主;
2.本文是自我介绍,写作时以第一人称为主;
3.写作注意包含所给提示的所有要点,不要遗漏。
二、可用素材
1.词汇:parents,member,brother,work,doctor,teacher,interest,hobby,be good at,be poor in,look forward to...
2.句型:
Both my parents are working far away from home.
At school I am good at math,physics and chemistry.
I am going to work together with my new teachers and new classmates.
I’m looking forward to making friends with you.
One possible version:
Hello,everybody,
Nice to meet you.My name is Li Huan.I’m from Rainbow High School.There are three people in my family.My father works in a computer company and my mother is a housewife.I’m the only child in my family.?
I’m good at math and physics which are interesting for me.But I’m weak in geography.It is difficult for me.
In my spare time,I like to read novels and play sports.Lu Xun is my favorite author and I admire the basketball star,Yao Ming.
I hope to get good grades at senior high school,and get along well with all the teachers and classmates.
That’s all.Thanks a lot!
素养训练提高
【1】
(2018·安徽明光二模)
近年来,人们非常关注学生的安全。很多学校为此取消了许多有意义的外出活动,如春游、夏令营、野餐等。假如你是育英中学的一名学生张硕,请给曾校长发一封电子邮件,就此发表自己的见解。要点如下:
1.安全第一,但开展一些户外活动也是很有必要的;
2.通过这些活动,学生不仅能增长知识,还能开拓视野;
3.与大自然亲密接触,能增强同学们的环保意识;
4.建议学校在活动之前教给学生一些安全常识,让学生学会保护自己和自救。
参考词汇:outdoor activities户外活动;widen one’s horizon开拓视野
注意:1.词数80~100;
2.请不要逐句翻译,可适当发挥;
3.文中不能出现真实的校名和人名;
4.邮件的开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr.Zeng,
I’m sorry to trouble you.I’m Zhang Shuo,a student from Yuying Middle School.I’m writing to you about outdoor activities.Could you please organize some outdoor activities for us?Of course,safety comes first.But it’s necessary for us to take part in such activities.?
In my opinion,we can learn more knowledge and widen our horizon in this way.What’s more,it’s a good way for us to learn to protect the environment by staying close to the nature.And we can get on well with our teachers and classmates.?
Why not show us some safety knowledge before these activities?It’s a good chance for us to learn to protect and save ourselves.?
Best wishes!
Yours,
Zhang Shuo
【2】
(2018·安徽安庆模拟)
再过半年你将成为一名高中生,那么你应该怎样完善自己呢?请以“How to be an excellent student”为题,写一篇英语短文。
提示:
1.遵守校纪校规(按时到校,不吸烟);
2.养成良好的学习习惯(上课认真听讲、课后复习、学会放松等);
3.与人沟通,学会分享,互相帮助;
4.在家为父母做些力所能及的家务活(洗碗、打扫卫生等);
5.保护环境,积极参与志愿者工作。
要求:
1.词数:80~100。文章开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.必须包括全部要点,但不能逐词翻译,可适当发挥。
How to be an excellent student
I’m going to be a senior high school student.How can I be an excellent student?First,I will follow the school rules.I will go to school on time and I won’t smoke.Second,it’s also important to have good study habits.I will listen to the teachers carefully in class.Third,I am going to learn to share what I have with my classmates and help my classmates.Fourth,at home,I will try to help my parents do some housework because they are very tired every day.At last,I will protect the environment and actively participate in volunteer work.?
I believe I’ll be an excellent student in senior high school.?
【3】
(2019·预测)
假如你是杨洋,目前正在美国学习,你在网上看到圣约瑟夫孤儿院(St.Joseph Orphanage)正在招募暑假志愿者。请你根据以下招聘信息,给这家孤儿院写一封申请信。
招募志愿者:
1.工作时间:7月1日至8月31日,每周工作10个小时。
2.工作范围:给孩子提供帮助;帮助老师组织班会等等。
注意:1.词数80~100;
2.不要逐句翻译,可适当发挥;
3.信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I read your advertisement on the Internet yesterday.I’m writing to tell you that I’d like to work as a volunteer in St.Joseph Orphanage.?
As a student,I have enough free time during the coming summer vacation.So I can work ten hours per week during the requested two months.Besides,I’m outgoing and careful.This makes it easy for me to provide care for the children.What’s more,I can also be a good helper in class.I am really good at organizing class activities since I am a leader of our school’s study club.?
If I am lucky enough to become a volunteer,I will try my best to do the job well.?
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Yang Yang
【4】
时间对每个人来说都是宝贵的,那么怎样才能更好地利用时间呢?请用英语写一篇题目为“How to Save Time”的短文。
内容包括:
1.时间的意义和重要性;
2.人们浪费时间的现象(至少3种);
3.节省时间的方法(至少3个);
4.号召大家节约时间。
注意:1.词数80~100;
2.请不要逐句翻译,可适当发挥;
3.文中不能出现真实的校名和人名。
How to Save Time
We have ever heard of “Time is money.Time is life.” Time is very important to everyone.But we can see people waste their time everywhere.They spend much time playing computer games,drinking,sleeping late and so on.?
It’s necessary for us to save our valuable time.We have to listen to our teachers carefully in class so that we can save more time to learn something else after class.We should make a plan to study at home so that we can learn more with less time.We should spend more time reading instead of playing games.?
If we can make good use of time,we are sure to get more.Saving time is to saving life.Let’s save time from now on.?
