专题四 不定代词的运用
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近6年中考真题可知，对“普通不定代词”的考查主要涉及三个考向：①普通不定代词的辨
析及其固定搭配，如：both， either， neither，none 、many与much的辨析，other, the other, others, the others another的辨析；②普通不定代词，重点掌握初中常见普通不定代词的用法辨析。复合不定代词在单项选择中的考查特点为：形容词修饰复合不定代词应后置及复合不定代词词义辨析的混合考查。
高频考点一：普通不定代词
1. some/any的用法。含义：“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
2. many/much的用法。
3. few/a few/little/a little的用法。
4. both, either, neither, all, every, none的用法。
5. “other” 、“another”、“others”和“the others”的用法。
高频考点二： 复合不定代词
1.复合不定代词的构成：复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing所组成的不定代词。
2.some-类的复合不定代词常用于肯定句或征求意见的疑问句中；any-类的复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
3.any-类的复合不定代词与not连用，相当于no-类的复合不定代词。
4. no one可以用于回答who引导的疑问句，不能回答how many引导的疑问句。
5. every-类的复合不定代词与not连用，表示部分否定。
6. –one类和-body类的复合不定代词之后可以加上-‘s构成所有格。
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一：普通不定代词的用法
1. some/any
含义：“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
区别：
1). some用于陈肯句；any用于疑问句或否定句。例：
I can see some flowers, but I can`t see any apples.
2). some 用在疑问句中有表示请求或建议的功能；any用在肯定句中有强调或加强语气的功能，意为“任何”。
2. many/much
“许多”
区别
例句
many
+可数名词
How many people are there at the meeting?
much
+不可数名词
How much time has we left?
注意：“many”和“much”前可有so, too等词进行修饰。如：
There are too many mistakes in your diary.
3. few/a few/little/a little
修饰可数名词
修饰不可数名词
含义
few
little
否定含义，几乎没有
a few
a little
肯定含义，还有一点
例：
He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
4. both, either, neither, all, every, none
使用范围
单词
中文释义
例句
两个人或物
both
两者都
Both of the boys are clever.
两个男孩都很聪明。
either
两者中任何一个
Either of the two boys is clever.
两个男孩都很聪明。
neither
两者都不
Neither of the two boys is clever.
两个男孩都不聪明。
三者及以上
all
所有的，全部
All the flowers are gone.
所有的花都谢了。
every
每一
Every student is here.
每一个学生都在这了。
none
都不
I like none of the flowers.
这些花我都不喜欢。
5. “other” 、“another”、“others”和“the others”
易混淆词
范围
含义
other
泛指
其他的
the other
(one…,the other…)
= 2
另一个
another
≥ 3
另一个
others = other+名词复数
剩余非全部
其他的
the others
剩余全部
其他的
例：
I have two pencils. One is yellow, the other is red.
I don’t like this green pencil, please give me another one.
高频考点剖析二：复合不定代词的用法
复合不定代词/不定副词
Someone anyone noon everyone
Somebody any body nobody everybody
某人 某人/任何人 没有人 每人/人人
Something anything nothing everything
某事/某物 某事/某物 没有任何事物 一切/事事
（以上三行为复合不定代词）
Somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
某地 某地/任何地方 没有地方 处处
复合不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
例：Everyone knows me here
形容词修饰不定代词时形容词在后
There is something new in today’s newspaper
Some以及Some构成的复合不定代词不定副词多用于肯定句，请示的疑问句、建议的疑问句、否定疑问句和疑问点不在Some上的疑问句
请求的疑问句：could you /I 动原/be…?May I 动原/be
Would/Do you mind 动ing…你介意做某事吗？Would/will you please 动原？请你做某事好吗？
建议的疑问句：
Would you like to 动原
What/how about +动ing?做某事怎么样
Why don’t we/you 动原...？
Why not 动原...？
Shall we动原...？我们做某事好吗？
否定疑问句用some:
why don’t you eat some bread?
Can’t you see some books on the desk
Where did you plant some trees?
否定疑问句表肯定，问点不在some上
4、any以及any构成的词多用于否定句、疑问句、 if条件句和含否定词的句子中
注意any以及any构成的词在否定句中不可做主事而应换成相应的
no one=nobody nothing
If you wan’t anything ,please let me know
He is too busy to see anyone come in
5.any以及any构成的词在否定句中为完全否定[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]
not…any=no not…any one/anybody-none/nobody
not… anything=nothing
not…anywhere=nowhere,
I can’t see anything in the room=I can see nothing in the room
6、any以及any构成的词也可用于肯定句
Any:任何一个 any one=anybody 任何人 anything任何事物
7、Every以及 Every构成的词在否定句中为不完全否定
He knows everything 改否定句：He knows nothing而不能改成He doesn’t know everything他不是事事都懂（否一半）
8、表示人的复合不定代词用人称代词、物主代词替换时一般用复数形式，有时用单数，根据上下文来定
① If anyone invites you, you have to meet them on time(前面用三单，后面是宾格复数them)
9、表示人的复合不定代词，不能与表示范围的if短语连用，如果连用则变为
Someone(somebody)变为some one of [来源:学科网ZXXK]
Anyone(anybody)变为any one of
变完之后此时不但可指人，还可指物
some one of us was late just now
You can eat any one of them
10、表示事物的复合不定代词，用人称代词、物主代词替换时，用it its
11、no one=nobody/none
12、no one回答who引导的问句，none回答how many引导的问句
13、none做主语时，谓语用单数形式，None做主语时，谓语可单可复
①who is in the room?
Nobody
②How many people are there in the room?
None
None （没有人）of us go/goes to school by bus
None of us is a cook
None of us are cooks
考点过关☆专项突破
( )1. (2018武汉)—There're four bedrooms in the house, ________ with its own shower.
—That's what I want. I've got a few kids.
A. either B. neither C. each D. none
( )2. (2018哈尔滨)—Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose?
—Both. Then I can give one to my brother and leave ________ to myself.
A. another B. the other C. other
( )3. (2018黄石)The twins look exactly the same. ________ of them are in my class.
A. Each B. Both C. Either D. None
( )4. (2018宜昌)—When are we going to see the movie ZooTopia, this afternoon or tonight?
—________ is OK. I'm free today.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
( )5. (2018德州)—Where would you like to go for your summer holiday, Beijing or Shanghai?
—________. I will go to Sanya in Hainan.
A. Both B. Each C. Neither D. Either
( )6. (2018乐山)I don't understand what you said. Would you please give me ________ example?
A. another B. other C. others
( )7. (2018齐齐哈尔)—Who was hurt in the traffic accident?—________．
A. None B. No one C. Nothing
( )7. (2018重庆B卷)I'm sorry I know ________ about it. It's a secret between them.
A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
( )8. (2018河南)—What a bad day!
—Everyone has one of those days when ________ goes right.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
( )9. (2018临沂)Water is important to ________， so there are many water festivals around the world.
A. everyone B. nobody C. somebody D. something
( )10. (2018泰州)—Is there ________ else in the classroom?
—It is empty. ________ is listening to a speech in the school hall.
A. anyone; Anyone B. anyone; Everyone C. everyone; Anyone D. everyone; Everyone
( )11. (2018安顺)—Is there ________ in today's newspaper?
—No. I think everything in it is boring.
A. interesting anything B. somebody interesting C. interesting something D. anything interesting
考点延伸☆强化训练
（ ）1、Ladies and gentlemen，attention please!I have ______ important to tell you．
A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything
（ ）2、-Where would you like to go for your summer holiday，Beijing or Shanghai？
-__________．I will go to Sanya in Hainan．
A．Both B．Each C．Neither D．Either
（ ）3、-Do you like Sichuan food？
-Yes．My brothers and I like hot food very much．
A．all B．both C．either D．neither
（ ）4、-Sir， called you just now．I told him to phone again 20 minutes later．
-OK．Thanks，Nancy．
A．someone B．nobody C．anyone D．everyone
（ ）5、-I don't like showers or windy weather．
__________．
A．Me too． B．Me neither．C．So I do． D．Neither I do．
（ ）6、-Who lives together with this old woman？
-__________．She lives alone．Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday．
A．Nobody B．Somebody C．Anybody D．Everybody
（ ）7、-How many hours do you play computer games every week？
-_____________．My mother doesn’t allow me to do that at all．
A．Both B．Either C．All D．None
（ ）8、When our teacher heard of the news，he was too angry to say_____．
A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything
（ ）9、-Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing？
-________!He learned singing by himself．
A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody
（ ）10、The building is empty．_______lives there．
A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody
（ ）11、-I still want to drink something．May I have ____________ cup of juice？
-Certainly．Here you are．
A．other B．more C．another D．else
（ ）12、To get more information about the topic today，use the internet or go to the library，or ______．
A．neither B．both C．some D．all
（ ）13、There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously．
A．anything B．something C．nothing
（ ）14、-Is there_________ in today’s newspaper？
-Yes．A terrible accident happened in Hubei．
A．special something B．anything special C．something special
（ ）15、-Smoking brings me a lot of ideas．
-Stop that！After all， is more important than health．
A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
（ ）16、I don’t like this small bag．Would you please show me______？
A．the other B．other C．another
（ ）17、I didn‘t sleep we11 because_ suddenly knocked on the door just now．
A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody
（ ）18、The room is empty．I can't find ________ in it．
A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody
（ ）19、---Have you watched the TV report about MERS？
---Yes，it’s _________ new dangerous disease（疾病）．
A．the other B．another C．others D．other
（ ）20、---What about doing ______for the homeless people？
---Good idea!
A．anything helpful B．something helpful C．helpful something
专题四 不定代词的运用
考点扫描☆聚焦中考
分析近6年中考真题可知，对“普通不定代词”的考查主要涉及三个考向：①普通不定代词的辨
析及其固定搭配，如：both， either， neither，none 、many与much的辨析，other, the other, others, the others another的辨析；②普通不定代词，重点掌握初中常见普通不定代词的用法辨析。复合不定代词在单项选择中的考查特点为：形容词修饰复合不定代词应后置及复合不定代词词义辨析的混合考查。
高频考点一：普通不定代词
1. some/any的用法。含义：“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
2. many/much的用法。
3. few/a few/little/a little的用法。
4. both, either, neither, all, every, none的用法。
5. “other” 、“another”、“others”和“the others”的用法。
高频考点二： 复合不定代词
1.复合不定代词的构成：复合不定代词是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing所组成的不定代词。
2.some-类的复合不定代词常用于肯定句或征求意见的疑问句中；any-类的复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
3.any-类的复合不定代词与not连用，相当于no-类的复合不定代词。
4. no one可以用于回答who引导的疑问句，不能回答how many引导的疑问句。
5. every-类的复合不定代词与not连用，表示部分否定。
6. –one类和-body类的复合不定代词之后可以加上-‘s构成所有格。
考点剖析☆名师点拨
高频考点剖析一：普通不定代词的用法
1. some/any
含义：“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。
区别：
1). some用于陈肯句；any用于疑问句或否定句。例：
I can see some flowers, but I can`t see any apples.
2). some 用在疑问句中有表示请求或建议的功能；any用在肯定句中有强调或加强语气的功能，意为“任何”。
2. many/much
“许多”
区别
例句
many
+可数名词
How many people are there at the meeting?
much
+不可数名词
How much time has we left?
注意：“many”和“much”前可有so, too等词进行修饰。如：
There are too many mistakes in your diary.
3. few/a few/little/a little
修饰可数名词
修饰不可数名词
含义
few
little
否定含义，几乎没有
a few
a little
肯定含义，还有一点
例：
He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。
He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。
4. both, either, neither, all, every, none
使用范围
单词
中文释义
例句
两个人或物
both
两者都
Both of the boys are clever.
两个男孩都很聪明。
either
两者中任何一个
Either of the two boys is clever.
两个男孩都很聪明。
neither
两者都不
Neither of the two boys is clever.
两个男孩都不聪明。
三者及以上
all
所有的，全部
All the flowers are gone.
所有的花都谢了。
every
每一
Every student is here.
每一个学生都在这了。
none
都不
I like none of the flowers.
这些花我都不喜欢。
5. “other” 、“another”、“others”和“the others”
易混淆词
范围
含义
other
泛指
其他的
the other
(one…,the other…)
= 2
另一个
another
≥ 3
另一个
others = other+名词复数
剩余非全部
其他的
the others
剩余全部
其他的
例：
I have two pencils. One is yellow, the other is red.
I don’t like this green pencil, please give me another one.
高频考点剖析二：复合不定代词的用法
复合不定代词/不定副词
Someone anyone noon everyone
Somebody any body nobody everybody
某人 某人/任何人 没有人 每人/人人
Something anything nothing everything
某事/某物 某事/某物 没有任何事物 一切/事事
（以上三行为复合不定代词）
Somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
某地 某地/任何地方 没有地方 处处
复合不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
例：Everyone knows me here
形容词修饰不定代词时形容词在后
There is something new in today’s newspaper
Some以及Some构成的复合不定代词不定副词多用于肯定句，请示的疑问句、建议的疑问句、否定疑问句和疑问点不在Some上的疑问句
请求的疑问句：could you /I 动原/be…?May I 动原/be
Would/Do you mind 动ing…你介意做某事吗？Would/will you please 动原？请你做某事好吗？
建议的疑问句：
Would you like to 动原
What/how about +动ing?做某事怎么样
Why don’t we/you 动原...？
Why not 动原...？
Shall we动原...？我们做某事好吗？
否定疑问句用some:
why don’t you eat some bread?
Can’t you see some books on the desk
Where did you plant some trees?
否定疑问句表肯定，问点不在some上
4、any以及any构成的词多用于否定句、疑问句、 if条件句和含否定词的句子中
注意any以及any构成的词在否定句中不可做主事而应换成相应的
no one=nobody nothing
If you wan’t anything ,please let me know
He is too busy to see anyone come in
5.any以及any构成的词在否定句中为完全否定[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]
not…any=no not…any one/anybody-none/nobody
not… anything=nothing
not…anywhere=nowhere,
I can’t see anything in the room=I can see nothing in the room
6、any以及any构成的词也可用于肯定句
Any:任何一个 any one=anybody 任何人 anything任何事物
7、Every以及 Every构成的词在否定句中为不完全否定
He knows everything 改否定句：He knows nothing而不能改成He doesn’t know everything他不是事事都懂（否一半）
8、表示人的复合不定代词用人称代词、物主代词替换时一般用复数形式，有时用单数，根据上下文来定
① If anyone invites you, you have to meet them on time(前面用三单，后面是宾格复数them)
9、表示人的复合不定代词，不能与表示范围的if短语连用，如果连用则变为
Someone(somebody)变为some one of [来源:学科网ZXXK]
Anyone(anybody)变为any one of
变完之后此时不但可指人，还可指物
some one of us was late just now
You can eat any one of them
10、表示事物的复合不定代词，用人称代词、物主代词替换时，用it its
11、no one=nobody/none
12、no one回答who引导的问句，none回答how many引导的问句
13、none做主语时，谓语用单数形式，None做主语时，谓语可单可复
①who is in the room?
Nobody
②How many people are there in the room?
None
None （没有人）of us go/goes to school by bus
None of us is a cook
None of us are cooks
考点过关☆专项突破
( )1. (2018武汉)—There're four bedrooms in the house, ________ with its own shower.
—That's what I want. I've got a few kids.
A. either B. neither C. each D. none
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“这间房子有四个卧室，有各自的浴室。”“那就是我想要的。我有几个孩子。”either任何一个(两者中)；neither都不(两者中)；each每一个(三者或三者以上)；none都不(三者或三者以上)。根据上句中的four bedrooms可排除A、B；结合答语中“I've got a few kids.”可知应是说四个卧室都带有浴室，故选C。
【答案】C
( )2. (2018哈尔滨)—Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose?
—Both. Then I can give one to my brother and leave ________ to myself.
A. another B. the other C. other
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“这两件T恤你想选哪一件？”“两者都选，然后我给我哥哥(弟弟)一件，留给我自己。”another另一个，表示三者或以上；the other另一个，两者中的另一个；other别的。由问句中two可知是在两者中选择。故选B。
【答案】B
( )3. (2018黄石)The twins look exactly the same. ________ of them are in my class.
A. Each B. Both C. Either D. None
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意：这对双胞胎看起来一模一样。他们在我的班上。根据twins可知是两个人，排除D；空后谓语动词是are，用both。故选B。
【答案】B
( )4. (2018宜昌)—When are we going to see the movie ZooTopia, this afternoon or tonight?
—________ is OK. I'm free today.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“我们什么时候去看电影《疯狂动物城》，今天下午或今天晚上？”“都行，我今天有空。”根据答语第二句可知，今天下午或晚上都行；且空后谓语动词是is，用either。故选A。
【答案】A
( )5. (2018德州)—Where would you like to go for your summer holiday, Beijing or Shanghai?
—________. I will go to Sanya in Hainan.
A. Both B. Each C. Neither D. Either
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“你暑假想去哪里，北京还是上海？”“。我要去海南三亚。”根据问句中的“Beijing or Shanghai”和答语中的“Sanya”可知，答语同时否定了问句中的两个地点。故选C。
【答案】C
( )6. (2018乐山)I don't understand what you said. Would you please give me ________ example?
A. another B. other C. others
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意：我不明白你所说的。请你为我举例子好吗？another(指三者或三者以上中的)另外一个；other别的，其他的；others(＝other＋复数名词)别人，另外一些人(或物)。根据句意可知，因为我不明白你的话，所以希望你举另外一个例子。故选A。
【答案】A
( )7. (2018齐齐哈尔)—Who was hurt in the traffic accident?—________．
A. None B. No one C. Nothing
【解析】考查普通不定代词词义辨析。句意“在交通事故中谁受伤了？”“。”None没有一个，既可以指人，又可以指物，通常与表示范围的of短语连用；No one 没有人，只能指人，并且不能与of连用；Nothing什么也没有。根据语境选B。
【答案】B
( )7. (2018重庆B卷)I'm sorry I know ________ about it. It's a secret between them.
A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
【解析】考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉，关于它我知道。那是他们之间的秘密。nothing没有什么，具有否定的意味；something有事，某事，常用于肯定句中；anything任何事，常用于否定句或疑问句中；everything一切，所有的事情或东西。联系后一句可知此处指我什么也不知道。故选A。
【答案】A
( )8. (2018河南)—What a bad day!
—Everyone has one of those days when ________ goes right.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
【解析】考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意“多么糟糕的一天呀！”“每个人都有进展顺利的一天。”根据句意可知此处表示：每个人都会有什么都不顺利的一天。故选A。
【答案】A
( )9. (2018临沂)Water is important to ________， so there are many water festivals around the world.
A. everyone B. nobody C. somebody D. something
【解析】考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意：水对 是重要的，因此在世界上有很多水的节日。everyone每个人；nobody没有人；somebody有人；something有些事情。此处指水对人很重要，故排除D；又根据后半句“around the world”可知，水对“每个人”都很重要。故选A。
【答案】A
( )10. (2018泰州)—Is there ________ else in the classroom?
—It is empty. ________ is listening to a speech in the school hall.
A. anyone; Anyone B. anyone; Everyone C. everyone; Anyone D. everyone; Everyone
【解析】考查复合不定代词词义辨析。句意“教室里还有别的吗？”“它是空的。都正在学校大厅里听演讲。”anyone任何人；everyone每个人，大家。第一个空所处的句子是一般疑问句，根据句意及语境，anyone符合题意，指询问教室还有其他任何人吗；第二个空所处的句子是陈述句，根据句意及语境，everyone符合句意，指大家都在听演讲。故选B。
【答案】B
( )11. (2018安顺)—Is there ________ in today's newspaper?
—No. I think everything in it is boring.
A. interesting anything B. somebody interesting C. interesting something D. anything interesting
【解析】考查形容词修饰不定代词。句意“今天报纸中有？”“没有，我认为都很乏味。”形容词修饰复合不定代词放在复合不定代词后，anything用于疑问句与否定句中，something用于肯定句或希望对方给予肯定回答的疑问句中。此处是疑问句，故选D。
【答案】D
考点延伸☆强化训练
（ ）1、Ladies and gentlemen，attention please!I have ______ important to tell you．
A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything
（ ）2、-Where would you like to go for your summer holiday，Beijing or Shanghai？
-__________．I will go to Sanya in Hainan．
A．Both B．Each C．Neither D．Either
（ ）3、-Do you like Sichuan food？
-Yes．My brothers and I like hot food very much．
A．all B．both C．either D．neither
（ ）4、-Sir， called you just now．I told him to phone again 20 minutes later．
-OK．Thanks，Nancy．
A．someone B．nobody C．anyone D．everyone
（ ）5、-I don't like showers or windy weather．
__________．
A．Me too． B．Me neither．C．So I do． D．Neither I do．
（ ）6、-Who lives together with this old woman？
-__________．She lives alone．Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday．
A．Nobody B．Somebody C．Anybody D．Everybody
（ ）7、-How many hours do you play computer games every week？
-_____________．My mother doesn’t allow me to do that at all．
A．Both B．Either C．All D．None
（ ）8、When our teacher heard of the news，he was too angry to say_____．
A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything
（ ）9、-Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing？
-________!He learned singing by himself．
A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody
（ ）10、The building is empty．_______lives there．
A．Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody
（ ）11、-I still want to drink something．May I have ____________ cup of juice？
-Certainly．Here you are．
A．other B．more C．another D．else
（ ）12、To get more information about the topic today，use the internet or go to the library，or ______．
A．neither B．both C．some D．all
（ ）13、There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously．
A．anything B．something C．nothing
（ ）14、-Is there_________ in today’s newspaper？
-Yes．A terrible accident happened in Hubei．
A．special something B．anything special C．something special
（ ）15、-Smoking brings me a lot of ideas．
-Stop that！After all， is more important than health．
A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
（ ）16、I don’t like this small bag．Would you please show me______？
A．the other B．other C．another
（ ）17、I didn‘t sleep we11 because_ suddenly knocked on the door just now．
A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody
（ ）18、The room is empty．I can't find ________ in it．
A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody
（ ）19、---Have you watched the TV report about MERS？
---Yes，it’s _________ new dangerous disease（疾病）．
A．the other B．another C．others D．other
（ ）20、---What about doing ______for the homeless people？
---Good idea!
A．anything helpful B．something helpful C．helpful something
1-5 BCAAB 6-10 ADDCA 11-15 CBBBA 16-20 CACBC
