专题二 完形填空题解题技巧
从近几年的中考题来看,完形填空题加大了对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查比例,另外还增加了情景句的考查,把同义、近义或比较难区分的词汇放到一定的语境中考查,这对考生来说无疑增加了难度。这就需要考生在解答问题时应遵循以下做题原则:“先完其意,而后完其形”,也就是说先了解文章的大意,然后才能做题。考查的语篇类型主要以记叙文、说明文为主,词数145~225。考点分析:每篇8~10道小题。以考查语境为主,同时考查各类词的词义辨析。必考点:名词、动词、形容词。
一、完形填空的考查类型
1. 词汇题。
从句子和语境层次上全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2. 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。
从语境的层次来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3. 常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。
涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4. 句法题。
涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5. 逻辑分析题。
主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
一、完形填空解题步骤：
一）、快速浏览，重视首句
在浏览文章时，我们既要重视文中诸如人名、时间、连词之类的关键词，抽取重要的信息点，也要注意不要在具体的细节上花费太多时间。看句子、抓主干、看大意、抓结构就可以了。还需要特别注意的是，完形填空的首句一般不设空。因为首句是整篇文章信息的开端和起点，决定了下文信息流动的方式和方向，也为整篇文章提供了足够的背景信息，所以我们要高度重视文章的首句。
二）、通读全文，先易后难
快速浏览完文章后，我们已经初步了解了文章的主旨大意，接下来，我们就要通读全文，把所给的几个选项分别填入空白处所在的句子中。在做完形填空题时，我们一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系，注意连词、代词、插入语等的作用。另外，我们往往会发现有些空白处在快速浏览阶段就可以填出，而有些在通读全文后答案都不是很明朗。遇到这种情况，不要慌张，在把其余空白处的内容”复原”后，我们对语境的了解就会更加清晰、更加准确，这时再来啃那些”硬骨头”就会比较容易。
三）、复读全文，验证答案
相对于前面两步，第三步往往不被考生注意。完形填空来自于一篇完整的短文，我们的任务是还原短文原貌。我们只有复读短文，才能感悟出所选答案和原文是否匹配，上下文是否自相矛盾，语篇衔接是否顺畅。在复读的过程中，我们可能会发现有些选项需要重新考虑。
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
方法一：利用上下文线索解题
对于大部分完形填空题，我们需要通过上下文的线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近；有些解题的线索比较远，甚至要跨段去寻找线索。
(2018江苏淮安）One cold winter morning, Jim fell from his father’s bike and his legs couldn’t move. A doctor 16 him and said he had to stay in bed for some time.
16. A. saw B. asked C. hear D. checked
分析：承接前文“腿不能动”，主语doctor“医生”提示用动词check“检查”，符合句意“医生给他做了检查”。故选D。
(2018黑龙江哈尔滨)No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities that can benefit you a lot in your life. Among them, the following 21 qualities are the most helpful ones.
Have a 22 attitude. ...
Keep learning. ...
Be creative. …
Be honest and keep your promise. …
21. A. three B. four C. five
〖解析〗：根据下文具体给出的例子可在此处是四个。故选B。
方法二：利用重复词语、派生词、近义词等解题
被选作完形填空材料的文章一般前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复出现，或者以其派生词、近义词等其他形式出现的现象，这类题目一般比较容易解答。
(2018河北) But for many years, salt’s most important job was to 40 food. Like other living things, most bacteria (细菌) need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live 41 a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things.
40. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare
〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是数年来，盐的最重要的作用是保护食物。protect保护；provide提供；produce生产；prepare准备。从下句As a result, salt protects food and many other things.知，盐可以保护很多食物和别的东西。故选A。
方法三：利用语法知识解题
虽然完形填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但是一个语义连贯的语篇必须是符合各种语法关系的。因此考生在解题时可以将几个选项分别代入空中，对句子进行语法分析、判断，从而缩小答案范围或选出正确答案。
（2018云南昆明）Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
（2018云南昆明） Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
方法四：利用文化背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理
完形填空题的语篇有时会渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史知识、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间。
（2018四川泸州) Hearing this, the dog woke up, rose with its ears 18 and wagged(摇摆) its tail.
18. A. down B. up C. off D. through
〖解析〗句意：听到这个，狗醒了，竖起耳朵，摇着尾巴。根据常识可知，狗醒了耳朵是竖起，故选B。
(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔)Films and TV plays also play a part. People 16._______ their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or 17._______ cigarettes.
16. A. hear B. catch C. watch
〖解析〗考查动词的词义辨析。根据句意，人们在电视上观看….，故选C。
方法五：排除干扰，去伪存真
我们在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。
需要注意的是，很多时候判断一道完形填空题的正确答案要从多角度考虑，把语境、语法、常识等有机结合起来。同时也可以从某个角度选出答案，再从其他角度对答案进行印证。总之，大家在掌握这些解题技巧之后，要注意灵活运用到解题过程中，以提高自己的解题能力。
三、学以致用
【1】
Once upon a time,a young man ran into a spring of clear water during his walk in the desert.The water was so sweet that he 1 his bottle.He planned to bring some 2 to his teacher.After four days’ walk he 3 the water to his teacher.He took a deep drink,smiled gently and thanked his student satisfactorily 4 the sweet water.The young man went back to his village with a happy heart.?
A few minutes later,the teacher 5 one of his students to taste the water.He drank a little,but spat it out at once.Confused,he told his teacher the 6 was kind of smelly.Obviously,the water was no longer 7 because it had been kept in the bottle for so long.The poor boy questioned his teacher,“I don’t understand why you pretend to enjoy the smelly water?” The teacher 8 happily,“We taste different things.You only attached 9 to the water while I paid attention to the gift.I feel love and 10 when I drink the water.Nothing could be sweeter in this world.”?
（ ）1.A.filled B.sold C.pulled D.joined
（ ）2.A.into B.back C.out D.up
（ ）3.A.post B.gave C.bought D.saw
（ ）4.A.for B.in C.of D.at
（ ）5.A.told B.asked C.kept D.made
（ ）6.A.bottle B.food C.boy D.water
（ ）7.A.fresh B.salty C.cold D.clear
（ ）8.A.told B.sent C.answered D.asked
（ ）9.A.difference B.importance C.color D.feelings
（ ）10.A.hope B.confidence C.respect D.truth
【2】
One day,David and his friends talked about who their closest 1 were.When it was his turn,he said,“My best friend is Amy,an 81-year-old 2 living in Florida.”?
Their friendship came 3 a game.In the game,David and Amy were on the same team.After this game,they became good friends.David even told her about his dream of music.?
However,life was hard for David at that time.He hardly 4 time or money to play music.Most of the time,he had to work in a restaurant.He felt that his dream was hopeless(无望的). 5 he almost lost heart,Amy gave him lots of help and supported his dream.Two years later,he decided to 6 to New York for his dream.There he held his first concert successfully.?
After the concert,a famous reporter in New York heard of their story.He wanted to 7 what Amy was like.So he flew to Florida to interview her.To his surprise,the friendship between Amy and David was more 8 than he could imagine.?
Later,many people were moved by this 9 .But Amy thought it was nothing.She said,“As friends,we should give a 10 when they need.”?
（ ）1.A.friend B.friends C.classmate D.classmates
（ ）2.A.girl B.man C.boy D.woman
（ ）3.A.from B.below C.to D.at
（ ）4.A.did B.had C.studied D.lived
（ ）5.A.Before B.When C.Unless D.If
（ ）6.A.come B.stay C.go D.make
（ ）7.A.know B.understand C.like D.write
（ ）8.A.heavy B.thin C.beautiful D.tall
（ ）9.A.book B.movie C.game D.story
（ ）10.A.hand B.lift C.talk D.speech
【3】
Tom was a college student.He often made excuses not to attend classes.Also,he spent much of his free time 1 computer games.He never went to the library to 2 .?
How time flew! At the end of the term,there was 3 important event that he was afraid of—the final exam.“What should I do?” Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam.He was 4 .Suddenly he 5 of an idea.?
The next morning,Tom went into the exam room very early.He found a young man 6 looked so confident and took a seat next to him.“Hey you!” Tom greeted.“What?” The young man asked.?
“Can you do me a favor?” Tom begged(恳求).“Please let me 7 your paper during the exam.I have to depend on you!” When hearing his words,the young man just smiled but said 8 .?
When the bell rang,the young man 9 immediately and came to the front,saying,“It is time for the final exam! Now I will hand out the papers to all of you and collect them 10 an hour.”?
Tom sat there with his mouth wide open.
（ ）1.A.buying B.repairing C.playing D.drawing
（ ）2.A.study B.rest C.see D.play
（ ）3.A.one B.two C.three D.four
（ ）4.A.satisfied B.excited C.brave D.nervous
（ ）5.A.cleaned B.thought C.found D.came
（ ）6.A.what B.which C.who D.whose
（ ）7.A.keep B.copy C.use D.take
（ ）8.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing
（ ）9.A.sat down B.stood up C.lied down D.sat back
（ ）10.A.in B.after C.before D.when
【4】
(2018山东枣庄)Robert and Henry were going home from school,when,on turning a corner,Robert 1 out,“A fight! Let us go and see!”“No,” said Henry.“Let us go quietly home and avoid this quarrel.We have 2 to do with it,and may get into trouble.”?
“You are not a brave boy,and afraid to go,”said Robert,and off he ran.Henry went straight home,and in the afternoon went to school,as usual. 3 Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward,and they laughed at him a great deal.?
A few days 4 ,Robert was swimming with some schoolmates and 5 his depth.He struggled and screamed for help,but all in vain.The boys 6 had called Henry a coward,got away from the water as fast as they could,but they did not even try to help him.Robert was fast 7 ,when Henry threw off his clothes,and jumped into the water.By great effort,and 8 much danger to himself,he brought Robert to the shore,and thus saved his life.?
Robert and his schoolmates were 9 at having called Henry a coward.They admitted that he had more 10 than any of them.?
Never be afraid to do good,but always fear to do evil.
（ ）1.A.cried B.jumped C.said D.turned
（ ）2.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
（ ）3.A.Or B.But C.And D.So
（ ）4.A.afterward B.before C.ago D.later
（ ）5.A.got out of B.got into C.got on D.got off
（ ）6.A.whom B.who C.which D.whose
（ ）7.A.swimming B.playing C.crossing D.sinking
（ ）8.A.with B.in C.on D.at
（ ）9.A.mad B.good C.sad D.ashamed
（ ）10.A.courage B.strength C.power D.ability
【5】
(2018重庆B)Tom worked hard in an office.But it seemed that there was little change in his life.He was unhappy and didn’t want to improve himself any more.His father,Joe,knew this and decided to have a talk with 1 .?
On day,Tom and his father went for a walk after dinner. 2 they were walking along a river,Tom said,“Dad,you always tell me to learn something new.To be 3 ,I don’t want to make any change.”?
Joe looked in the river,saw a dead 4 and pointed at it.?
“Tom,what is that over there?”
“It’s a dead fish.”
“What’s the fish doing?”
“It’s moving down with the running water.”
“But the fish is dead. 5 can it be moving?” asked Joe.?
“It’s moving as the river is moving.”
Joe turned to his son and said,“Life is 6 the river.It’s always moving and always changing.Some people don’t want to change,but their life is always changing whether they like it or not.A dead fish only moves along the river,while a living fish can control its journey.What’s your choice if you want to live a 7 life?”?
This made Tom 8 his aunt who had already stopped learning and developing.And she just stayed the way she used to be,living like a dead fish.?
Guided by his 9 ,Tom understood what he said.He didn’t want to become a person like his aunt.So he made up his mind to 10 learning and developing himself.?
（ ）1.A.you B.me C.her D.him
（ ）2.A.Once B.While C.After D.Before
（ ）3.A.honest B.happy C.quiet D.patient
（ ）4.A.bird B.dog C.duck D.fish
（ ）5.A.Who B.Which C.How D.When
（ ）6.A.in B.over C.like D.by
（ ）7.A.worse B.harder C.greener D.better
（ ）8.A.give up B.think of C.wait for D.hear from
（ ）9.A.aunt B.father C.uncle D.friend
（ ）10.A.continue B.finish C.avoid D.stop
【6】
(2018·安徽)When the Spring Festival falls,red flowers bloom(盛开) on the windows of my home.Of course,there are not 1 flowers.But in the cold 2 ,these wonderful flowers bring warmth to us.They are made of paper by my 3 ,who is now aged 70.With a few cuts,she 4 a piece of paper into a beautiful work of art.?
When my grandma was young,she was considered clumsy(笨拙的) in the 5 .But on a cold winter night,she saw some beautiful red paper 6 on her new neighbor’s windows.She was so interested in it and decided to 7 from her neighbor.Tons of paper was wasted,and her fingers were cut many times.But she 8 practicing.It took 10 years 9 my grandma could make paper art skillfully(娴熟地).The red flowers,blooming like burning fire,light up her world.Now,everyone in the village 10 her.?
My grandma’s story has shown me what it takes to realize one’s dream.
（ ）1.A.nice B.real C.full D.sweet
（ ）2.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter
（ ）3.A.sister B.aunt C.mother D.grandma
（ ）4.A.changes B.spreads C.places D.burns
（ ）5.A.city B.town C.village D.block
（ ）6.A.art B.money C.walls D.books
（ ）7.A.buy B.steal C.learn D.borrow
（ ）8.A.ended up B.kept on C.put off D.thought about
（ ）9.A.before B.after C.while D.since
（ ）10.A.serves B.pardons C.respects D.warns
【7】
(2018·安徽)As a foreigner,it’s hard for me to tell what Chinese people are like.But my 1 in Beijing said something.?
A couple of weeks ago,I went to buy four big suitcases(行李箱) for travel. 2 I was going down the street,it suddenly rained heavily.A stranger called me into his little shop.He 3 me a cup of tea and a chair.When the rain got 4 ,I thanked him and rushed to a 5 nearby to buy my suitcases.?
If you’ve ever tried to push four big suitcases by yourself,you may understand my 6 .I looked silly,for the suitcases were dancing wildly across the floor.Then I got a 7 on the shoulder.It was the seller.He signed that I should wait.A few minutes later,he 8 in a car,and put the suitcases inside.Then we went driving 9 along the road to my home.I offered him some money,but he 10 .In broken English he said,“Feel good...help you.”?
Now,you can see Chinese people are always ready to help you.
（ ）1.A.friend B.teacher C.invention D.experience
（ ）2.A.If B.As C.Although D.Because
（ ）3.A.found B.bought C.made D.offered
（ ）4.A.harder B.lighter C.thicker D.faster
（ ）5.A.store B.hall C.lab D.school
（ ）6.A.language B.sentence C.situation D.advantage
（ ）7.A.wing B.coin C.scarf D.touch
（ ）8.A.lay down B.drove up C.fell behind D.went away
（ ）9.A.happily B.lazily C.bravely D.poorly
（ ）10.A.missed B.nodded C.refused D.failed
【8】
(2018·湖北黄石)You should try to have a good relationship with your neighbours,because you never know 1 you may need their help.If they do something to annoy(让……不高兴) you,it is 2 to discuss it in a polite way than to have an argument(争论) about it.?
For example,if your neighbours are playing loud music that you do not like,ask them politely to 3 the music instead of 4 the police directly for help.?
Trees and fences(围栏) can also be a 5 of disagreement between neighbours.My grandmother likes sitting 6 in the sun after lunch,but her neighbour put up a high fence that 7 sunshine from going into her yard one afternoon.My grandmother didn’t want to be 8 with him,because he 9 her a lot of support when my grandfather died last year.So she went to talk with the neighbour in a friendly way.?
Then,her neighbour lowered the fence just enough to give her some sunshine 10 losing his privacy(私人空间).My grandmother cut down the tree that was above his garden and dropped leaves all over his lawn(草坪) in the autumn.Finally,they reached an agreement which made both pleased.?
（ ）1.A.after B.before C.while D.when
（ ）2.A.more B.best C.most D.better
（ ）3.A.turn down B.turn up C.turn off D.turn on
（ ）4.A.going B.shouting C.calling D.getting
（ ）5.A.corner B.cause C.result D.message
（ ）6.A.inside B.into C.outside D.onto
（ ）7.A.stops B.opens C.shows D.steals
（ ）8.A.lonely B.silly C.angry D.awful
（ ）9.A.took B.carried C.bought D.gave
（ ）10.A.within B.without C.along D.above
【9】
(2019·预测)A son took his old father to a restaurant for dinner.The father looked very old and 1 .While he was eating,the father 2 food on his shirt and trousers.Other diners watched him in disgust(厌恶) while his son was 3 .?
After the father finished eating,his son was not angry at all.He 4 cleaned the table and helped his father wipe the mouth.Then he took his father to the washroom.When they 5 ,the whole restaurant was watching them in silence.The son 6 for the food and started walking out with his father.?
At that time,an old man 7 the diners called out to the son and asked him,“Don’t you think you have 8 something behind?”?
The son replied,“No,sir,I haven’t.”
The old man retorted,“Yes,you have!You left a lesson for every son and 9 for every father.”The restaurant went silent.?
To care for those who once cared for us is one of the highest honors(荣誉).We all know 10 our parents cared for us.Love them,respect them,and care for them.?
（ ）1.A.healthy B.hungry C.thirsty D.weak
（ ）2.A.dropped B.saw C.stuck D.picked
（ ）3.A.tired B.full C.calm D.strong
（ ）4.A.suddenly B.quietly C.clearly D.exactly
（ ）5.A.came out B.woke up C.got off D.took off
（ ）6.A.prepared B.ordered C.paid D.spent
（ ）7.A.like B.among C.with D.as
（ ）8.A.left B.took C.lent D.hid
（ ）9.A.sign B.hope C.chance D.success
（ ）10.A.when B.what C.where D.how
【10】
A lot of kids are smart.It is procrastination(拖延) that stops them from getting good grades.Procrastination is 1 things to a later time.An example of procrastination would be starting a project one day before it is 2 .Procrastinating is bad,because it makes a person stressed out and the end 3 is usually not very good.?
Since studying is not very 4 ,students put video games,hanging out with friends,and eating out before studying.They end up studying the night before the test and do not get much 5 .This is bad,because eight hours of sleep or more is needed to do 6 .Students who procrastinate end up doing badly on tests.Teachers always 7 students to start early and do a little bit of studying every day.?
Procrastination does not just happen in school;it happens 8 .People put off going to the doctor,looking for jobs,and more.Some people say that procrastination is just human 9 .However,some people say that 10 they procrastinate,they feel stress to work faster.So they can do well.?
（ ）1.A.putting up B.putting off C.putting out D.putting on
（ ）2.A.due B.close C.clear D.sudden
（ ）3.A.date B.reason C.product D.plan
（ ）4.A.early B.cheap C.fun D.short
（ ）5.A.tour B.sleep C.exercise D.control
（ ）6.A.quickly B.right C.ever D.well
（ ）7.A.order B.encourage C.expect D.refuse
（ ）8.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere
（ ）9.A.nature B.illness C.matter D.trouble
（ ）10.A.after B.when C.before D.until
四、完形填空的做题误区
很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险的：① 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择;② 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。纵观这几年中考真题、一模、二模试卷，以及一些学校的月考、期中、期末试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。
专题二 完形填空题解题技巧
从近几年的中考题来看,完形填空题加大了对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查比例,另外还增加了情景句的考查,把同义、近义或比较难区分的词汇放到一定的语境中考查,这对考生来说无疑增加了难度。这就需要考生在解答问题时应遵循以下做题原则:“先完其意,而后完其形”,也就是说先了解文章的大意,然后才能做题。考查的语篇类型主要以记叙文、说明文为主,词数145~225。考点分析:每篇8~10道小题。以考查语境为主,同时考查各类词的词义辨析。必考点:名词、动词、形容词。
一、完形填空的考查类型
1. 词汇题。
从句子和语境层次上全面考查名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、连词、介词、动词等词类的意义和用法。
2. 动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词和主谓一致题。
从语境的层次来全面考查学生对上述内容的掌握程度。
3. 常用固定搭配和习惯用法题。
涉及动词短语、介词短语、副词短语等的搭配和用法。
4. 句法题。
涉及简单句的五种句型、并列句、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等。
5. 逻辑分析题。
主要考查学生的阅读理解能力、综合分析能力和语言运用能力。
一、完形填空解题步骤：
一）、快速浏览，重视首句
在浏览文章时，我们既要重视文中诸如人名、时间、连词之类的关键词，抽取重要的信息点，也要注意不要在具体的细节上花费太多时间。看句子、抓主干、看大意、抓结构就可以了。还需要特别注意的是，完形填空的首句一般不设空。因为首句是整篇文章信息的开端和起点，决定了下文信息流动的方式和方向，也为整篇文章提供了足够的背景信息，所以我们要高度重视文章的首句。
二）、通读全文，先易后难
快速浏览完文章后，我们已经初步了解了文章的主旨大意，接下来，我们就要通读全文，把所给的几个选项分别填入空白处所在的句子中。在做完形填空题时，我们一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系，注意连词、代词、插入语等的作用。另外，我们往往会发现有些空白处在快速浏览阶段就可以填出，而有些在通读全文后答案都不是很明朗。遇到这种情况，不要慌张，在把其余空白处的内容”复原”后，我们对语境的了解就会更加清晰、更加准确，这时再来啃那些”硬骨头”就会比较容易。
三）、复读全文，验证答案
相对于前面两步，第三步往往不被考生注意。完形填空来自于一篇完整的短文，我们的任务是还原短文原貌。我们只有复读短文，才能感悟出所选答案和原文是否匹配，上下文是否自相矛盾，语篇衔接是否顺畅。在复读的过程中，我们可能会发现有些选项需要重新考虑。
二、完形填空主要解题方法：
方法一：利用上下文线索解题
对于大部分完形填空题，我们需要通过上下文的线索解题。有些解题的线索就在题目的附近；有些解题的线索比较远，甚至要跨段去寻找线索。
(2018江苏淮安）One cold winter morning, Jim fell from his father’s bike and his legs couldn’t move. A doctor 16 him and said he had to stay in bed for some time.
16. A. saw B. asked C. hear D. checked
分析：承接前文“腿不能动”，主语doctor“医生”提示用动词check“检查”，符合句意“医生给他做了检查”。故选D。
(2018黑龙江哈尔滨)No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities that can benefit you a lot in your life. Among them, the following 21 qualities are the most helpful ones.
Have a 22 attitude. ...
Keep learning. ...
Be creative. …
Be honest and keep your promise. …
21. A. three B. four C. five
〖解析〗：根据下文具体给出的例子可在此处是四个。故选B。
方法二：利用重复词语、派生词、近义词等解题
被选作完形填空材料的文章一般前后呼应，主题明确，往往会有词语重复出现，或者以其派生词、近义词等其他形式出现的现象，这类题目一般比较容易解答。
(2018河北) But for many years, salt’s most important job was to 40 food. Like other living things, most bacteria (细菌) need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water, so most bacteria cannot live 41 a salty environment. As a result, salt protects food and many other things.
40. A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare
〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是数年来，盐的最重要的作用是保护食物。protect保护；provide提供；produce生产；prepare准备。从下句As a result, salt protects food and many other things.知，盐可以保护很多食物和别的东西。故选A。
方法三：利用语法知识解题
虽然完形填空的考查越来越淡化语法，但是一个语义连贯的语篇必须是符合各种语法关系的。因此考生在解题时可以将几个选项分别代入空中，对句子进行语法分析、判断，从而缩小答案范围或选出正确答案。
（2018云南昆明）Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
（2018云南昆明） Space travel is nothing new. The first spaceship with a human was sent up 36 space in 1961. Since then, people have not only travelled to space, 37 many of them have also lived there in space stations for some time.
36. A. into B. with C. of
37. A. for B. but C. unless
〖解析〗36考查介词辨析。由set up into“发射进入”可知。故选A。
37考查固定搭配。not only… but (also)为固定搭配，意为“不仅……；而且……”。故选B。
方法四：利用文化背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理
完形填空题的语篇有时会渗透着相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，如：科学知识、历史知识、地理知识、风俗民情、民族习惯等。在做题时，如果能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断思维过程，节省宝贵的时间。
（2018四川泸州) Hearing this, the dog woke up, rose with its ears 18 and wagged(摇摆) its tail.
18. A. down B. up C. off D. through
〖解析〗句意：听到这个，狗醒了，竖起耳朵，摇着尾巴。根据常识可知，狗醒了耳朵是竖起，故选B。
(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔)Films and TV plays also play a part. People 16._______ their “heroes” on TV drinking alcohol(酒) or 17._______ cigarettes.
16. A. hear B. catch C. watch
〖解析〗考查动词的词义辨析。根据句意，人们在电视上观看….，故选C。
方法五：排除干扰，去伪存真
我们在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到这种情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时，我们可以尝试用排除法。
需要注意的是，很多时候判断一道完形填空题的正确答案要从多角度考虑，把语境、语法、常识等有机结合起来。同时也可以从某个角度选出答案，再从其他角度对答案进行印证。总之，大家在掌握这些解题技巧之后，要注意灵活运用到解题过程中，以提高自己的解题能力。
三、学以致用
【1】
Once upon a time,a young man ran into a spring of clear water during his walk in the desert.The water was so sweet that he 1 his bottle.He planned to bring some 2 to his teacher.After four days’ walk he 3 the water to his teacher.He took a deep drink,smiled gently and thanked his student satisfactorily 4 the sweet water.The young man went back to his village with a happy heart.?
A few minutes later,the teacher 5 one of his students to taste the water.He drank a little,but spat it out at once.Confused,he told his teacher the 6 was kind of smelly.Obviously,the water was no longer 7 because it had been kept in the bottle for so long.The poor boy questioned his teacher,“I don’t understand why you pretend to enjoy the smelly water?” The teacher 8 happily,“We taste different things.You only attached 9 to the water while I paid attention to the gift.I feel love and 10 when I drink the water.Nothing could be sweeter in this world.”?
（ ）1.A.filled B.sold C.pulled D.joined
（ ）2.A.into B.back C.out D.up
（ ）3.A.post B.gave C.bought D.saw
（ ）4.A.for B.in C.of D.at
（ ）5.A.told B.asked C.kept D.made
（ ）6.A.bottle B.food C.boy D.water
（ ）7.A.fresh B.salty C.cold D.clear
（ ）8.A.told B.sent C.answered D.asked
（ ）9.A.difference B.importance C.color D.feelings
（ ）10.A.hope B.confidence C.respect D.truth
〖解析〗1.A 考查动词词义辨析。fillsth.“填装……”,根据文意可知此处是指学生把瓶子装满了泉水,故选A项。
2.B 考查副词词义辨析。bringback“带回,拿回”。这里是指这名学生计划装满一瓶然后带回来送老师品尝,故选B项。
3.B 考查动词词义辨析。这里是指为期四天的旅程结束之后,学生将那瓶水带回来送给了老师,故选B项。
4.A 考查介词词义辨析。thanksb.forsth.“因某事而感谢某人”,用介词for。此处是指老师感谢了这位学生,故选A项。
5.B 考查动词词义辨析。asksb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”。这里是指送水的学生走后,老师要求另一个学生品尝水,故选B项。
6.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知此处是指那瓶水已经变质,故选D项。
7.A 考查形容词词义辨析。由上句可知此处是指那瓶水已经不再新鲜了,故选A项。
8.C 考查动词词义辨析。据前文question一词可知,老师要回答,故选answered。
9.B 考查名词词义辨析。短语attachimportanceto“重视,注意到”,与payattentionto同义。此处是指只是把重点放在了水上,故选B项。
10.C 考查名词词义辨析。respect“尊重”。此处是指老师说,别人品尝水本身,而他却品尝到爱与尊重,故选C项。
【2】
One day,David and his friends talked about who their closest 1 were.When it was his turn,he said,“My best friend is Amy,an 81-year-old 2 living in Florida.”?
Their friendship came 3 a game.In the game,David and Amy were on the same team.After this game,they became good friends.David even told her about his dream of music.?
However,life was hard for David at that time.He hardly 4 time or money to play music.Most of the time,he had to work in a restaurant.He felt that his dream was hopeless(无望的). 5 he almost lost heart,Amy gave him lots of help and supported his dream.Two years later,he decided to 6 to New York for his dream.There he held his first concert successfully.?
After the concert,a famous reporter in New York heard of their story.He wanted to 7 what Amy was like.So he flew to Florida to interview her.To his surprise,the friendship between Amy and David was more 8 than he could imagine.?
Later,many people were moved by this 9 .But Amy thought it was nothing.She said,“As friends,we should give a 10 when they need.”?
（ ）1.A.friend B.friends C.classmate D.classmates
（ ）2.A.girl B.man C.boy D.woman
（ ）3.A.from B.below C.to D.at
（ ）4.A.did B.had C.studied D.lived
（ ）5.A.Before B.When C.Unless D.If
（ ）6.A.come B.stay C.go D.make
（ ）7.A.know B.understand C.like D.write
（ ）8.A.heavy B.thin C.beautiful D.tall
（ ）9.A.book B.movie C.game D.story
（ ）10.A.hand B.lift C.talk D.speech
〖解析〗1.B 考查名词词义辨析。根据下句MybestfriendisAmy可知此处谈论的是朋友。又因动词是were,故选B项。
2.D 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文中的81-year-old“81岁的”和第二段最后一句中的her可知,答案选D项,意为“妇人”。
3.A 考查介词词义辨析。联系上下文可知这句话的意思是:他们的友谊源自一场比赛。故选A项。comefrom“来自;源自”。
4.B 考查动词词义辨析。联系上下文可知“他几乎没有时间或金钱去玩音乐”,故选B项。
5.B 考查连词词义辨析。联系上下文可知在他灰心的时候,艾米给了他许多帮助并且支持他的梦想,故选B项。
6.C 考查动词词义辨析。联系上下文可知他决定去纽约,故选C项。
7.A 考查动词词义辨析。联系上下文可知他想知道艾米长得什么样,故选A项。
8.C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据more和than可知,答案选C项。句意为:令他惊讶的是,艾米和戴维之间的友谊比他想象中的更美好。
9.D 考查名词词义辨析。联系上下文可知许多人都被这个故事所感动,故选D项。
10.A 考查名词词义辨析。根据whentheyneed“当朋友需要的时候”,可推断我们应该帮助他们,故选A项。giveahand意为“帮忙”。
【3】
Tom was a college student.He often made excuses not to attend classes.Also,he spent much of his free time 1 computer games.He never went to the library to 2 .?
How time flew! At the end of the term,there was 3 important event that he was afraid of—the final exam.“What should I do?” Tom walked up and down in the room the day before the exam.He was 4 .Suddenly he 5 of an idea.?
The next morning,Tom went into the exam room very early.He found a young man 6 looked so confident and took a seat next to him.“Hey you!” Tom greeted.“What?” The young man asked.?
“Can you do me a favor?” Tom begged(恳求).“Please let me 7 your paper during the exam.I have to depend on you!” When hearing his words,the young man just smiled but said 8 .?
When the bell rang,the young man 9 immediately and came to the front,saying,“It is time for the final exam! Now I will hand out the papers to all of you and collect them 10 an hour.”?
Tom sat there with his mouth wide open.
（ ）1.A.buying B.repairing C.playing D.drawing
（ ）2.A.study B.rest C.see D.play
（ ）3.A.one B.two C.three D.four
（ ）4.A.satisfied B.excited C.brave D.nervous
（ ）5.A.cleaned B.thought C.found D.came
（ ）6.A.what B.which C.who D.whose
（ ）7.A.keep B.copy C.use D.take
（ ）8.A.something B.everything C.anything D.nothing
（ ）9.A.sat down B.stood up C.lied down D.sat back
（ ）10.A.in B.after C.before D.when
〖解析〗1.C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:并且他还花费他的大多数业余时间玩电脑游戏。故选C项。sb.spend+time+(in)doingsth.意为“某人花费时间做某事”。
2.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他从来不去图书馆读书学习。根据语境可知用study。故选A项。
3.A 考查数词的用法辨析。根据下文中的“thefinalexam(期末考试)”可知句意为:在学期期末的时候,有一件他特别害怕的重要的事情——期末考试。故用one,意为“一”。故选A项。
4.D 考查形容词的词义辨析。根据上文中的“walkedupanddownintheroomthedaybeforetheexam”可知,汤姆不停地在房间里来回走动,反复问自己应该怎么办,故推断他在考试前的那一天非常紧张。故选D项。
5.B 考查动词词义辨析。联系上下文可知,突然他想出来一个主意。故选B项。
6.C 考查连词的词义辨析。联系上下文可知他发现了一个看起来非常自信的年轻人,就坐在了他旁边的座位上。故选C项,指代人,在从句中做主语。
7.B 考查动词的词义辨析。联系上下文中的dependonyou“就靠你了”可知,他在考试期间想抄别人的试卷。故选B项。
8.D 考查不定代词的用法辨析。联系上下文可知,当听到他说的话,年轻人只是微笑,但是什么话也没有说。故选D项。
9.B 考查动词短语的用法辨析。联系上下文可知,当上课铃响了,这个年轻人立刻站了起来,来到了(教室的)前面。故选B项。
10.A 考查介词的用法辨析。联系上下文可知,这个年轻人说现在发试卷给你们每个人,一个小时之后再收起来。故选A项。
【4】
(2018山东枣庄)Robert and Henry were going home from school,when,on turning a corner,Robert 1 out,“A fight! Let us go and see!”“No,” said Henry.“Let us go quietly home and avoid this quarrel.We have 2 to do with it,and may get into trouble.”?
“You are not a brave boy,and afraid to go,”said Robert,and off he ran.Henry went straight home,and in the afternoon went to school,as usual. 3 Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward,and they laughed at him a great deal.?
A few days 4 ,Robert was swimming with some schoolmates and 5 his depth.He struggled and screamed for help,but all in vain.The boys 6 had called Henry a coward,got away from the water as fast as they could,but they did not even try to help him.Robert was fast 7 ,when Henry threw off his clothes,and jumped into the water.By great effort,and 8 much danger to himself,he brought Robert to the shore,and thus saved his life.?
Robert and his schoolmates were 9 at having called Henry a coward.They admitted that he had more 10 than any of them.?
Never be afraid to do good,but always fear to do evil.
（ ）1.A.cried B.jumped C.said D.turned
（ ）2.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
（ ）3.A.Or B.But C.And D.So
（ ）4.A.afterward B.before C.ago D.later
（ ）5.A.got out of B.got into C.got on D.got off
（ ）6.A.whom B.who C.which D.whose
（ ）7.A.swimming B.playing C.crossing D.sinking
（ ）8.A.with B.in C.on D.at
（ ）9.A.mad B.good C.sad D.ashamed
（ ）10.A.courage B.strength C.power D.ability
〖解析〗1.A 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的Afight!Letusgoandsee!“打架啊,咱们去看看”可知,他应是“大喊”。故选A项。
2.C 考查代词词义辨析。由上文“我们快点回家,躲开这次争吵”和下文“可能会惹上麻烦”可推知,此事与我们无关。havenothingtodowith...意为“与……无关”。
3.B 考查连词词义辨析。由上文“下午,Henry和往常一样去了学校”和后面“Robert已经告诉所有的男孩Henry是个胆小鬼”可知,前后两句应是转折关系。故选B项。
4.D 考查副词词义辨析。Afewdayslater“几天以后……”。故选D项。
5.B 考查动词词组辨析。根据下文Hestruggledandscreamedforhelp“他挣扎着,大声呼救”可推断出,Robert陷入了危险之中,即游进了深处。故选B项,意为“陷入”。
6.B 考查连词词义辨析。由句子结构可以看出这里考查定语从句。Theboys是先行词,指人,故选B项,在从句中做主语。
7.D 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知Robert垂死挣扎,但都是徒劳,故可推断Robert在快速地下沉。所以选D项。
8.A 考查介词词义辨析。联系上下文可知Henry通过努力,最终把Robert救了出来,故可推测“冒着很大的危险”。故选A项。
9.D 考查形容词词词义辨析。联系上文可知他们嘴里的胆小鬼救了溺水的Robert,故可推断那些曾经喊他胆小鬼的人感到羞愧。故选D项。
10.A 考查动词词义辨析。联系上文Robert溺水只有Henry下水去救,故可推断Henry更有勇气。故选A项。
【5】
(2018重庆B)Tom worked hard in an office.But it seemed that there was little change in his life.He was unhappy and didn’t want to improve himself any more.His father,Joe,knew this and decided to have a talk with 1 .?
On day,Tom and his father went for a walk after dinner. 2 they were walking along a river,Tom said,“Dad,you always tell me to learn something new.To be 3 ,I don’t want to make any change.”?
Joe looked in the river,saw a dead 4 and pointed at it.?
“Tom,what is that over there?”
“It’s a dead fish.”
“What’s the fish doing?”
“It’s moving down with the running water.”
“But the fish is dead. 5 can it be moving?” asked Joe.?
“It’s moving as the river is moving.”
Joe turned to his son and said,“Life is 6 the river.It’s always moving and always changing.Some people don’t want to change,but their life is always changing whether they like it or not.A dead fish only moves along the river,while a living fish can control its journey.What’s your choice if you want to live a 7 life?”?
This made Tom 8 his aunt who had already stopped learning and developing.And she just stayed the way she used to be,living like a dead fish.?
Guided by his 9 ,Tom understood what he said.He didn’t want to become a person like his aunt.So he made up his mind to 10 learning and developing himself.?
（ ）1.A.you B.me C.her D.him
（ ）2.A.Once B.While C.After D.Before
（ ）3.A.honest B.happy C.quiet D.patient
（ ）4.A.bird B.dog C.duck D.fish
（ ）5.A.Who B.Which C.How D.When
（ ）6.A.in B.over C.like D.by
（ ）7.A.worse B.harder C.greener D.better
（ ）8.A.give up B.think of C.wait for D.hear from
（ ）9.A.aunt B.father C.uncle D.friend
（ ）10.A.continue B.finish C.avoid D.stop
〖解析〗1.D 考查代词辨析。联系上文可知汤姆虽然工作很努力,但是生活没什么起色,所以心灰意冷,也不想提高自己。故可推断,汤姆的父亲乔决定和“他”谈一谈。故选D项。
2.B 考查连词辨析。联系上文“一天,晚饭后汤姆和他的父亲出去散步”可推断,当二人正在走的时候,汤姆说……。故选B项。
3.A 考查固定搭配。tobehonest为固定搭配,意为“老实说”。
4.D 考查名词辨析。由下文It’sadeadfish“那是一条死鱼”可推知,看到了一条死鱼,故选D项。
5.C 考查连词辨析。由下文It’smovingastheriverismoving“它顺流而动”可推断,乔问的是死鱼怎么能动。故选C项。
6.C 考查介词辨析。联系下文It’salwaysmovingandalwayschanging“它一直在流动着、改变着”可推断出,父亲说生活就像一条河流。故选C项,意为“像”。
7.D 考查形容词比较级。联系上文“死鱼总是顺流而动,活鱼总会掌控自己的行程”可推断出,父亲问汤姆如果想过上更好的生活该如何选择。故选D项,意为“更好的”,是good的比较级。
8.B 考查短语辨析。联系下文shejuststayedthewaysheusedtobe,livinglikeadeadfish“她只是保持着过去的生活方式,活的就像一条死鱼”可推知,爸爸的一番话使他想起了已经停止学习和发展的姑姑。故选B项,意为“想起”。而giveup“放弃”,waitfor“等候”,hearfrom“听说”均不合题意,故排除。
9.B 考查名词辨析。联系上文和下文Tomunderstoodwhathesaid“汤姆明白了他所说的话”可知,汤姆在父亲的指引下明白了他(父亲)所说的话。故选B项。
10.A 考查动词辨析。联系上文hisauntwhohadalreadystoppedlearninganddeveloping“已经停止学习和发展的姑姑”和Hedidn’twanttobecomeapersonlikehisaunt“他不想变成一个像姑姑一样的人”可推断出,汤姆决定继续学习。故选A项,意为“继续”。
【6】
(2018·安徽)When the Spring Festival falls,red flowers bloom(盛开) on the windows of my home.Of course,there are not 1 flowers.But in the cold 2 ,these wonderful flowers bring warmth to us.They are made of paper by my 3 ,who is now aged 70.With a few cuts,she 4 a piece of paper into a beautiful work of art.?
When my grandma was young,she was considered clumsy(笨拙的) in the 5 .But on a cold winter night,she saw some beautiful red paper 6 on her new neighbor’s windows.She was so interested in it and decided to 7 from her neighbor.Tons of paper was wasted,and her fingers were cut many times.But she 8 practicing.It took 10 years 9 my grandma could make paper art skillfully(娴熟地).The red flowers,blooming like burning fire,light up her world.Now,everyone in the village 10 her.?
My grandma’s story has shown me what it takes to realize one’s dream.
（ ）1.A.nice B.real C.full D.sweet
（ ）2.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter
（ ）3.A.sister B.aunt C.mother D.grandma
（ ）4.A.changes B.spreads C.places D.burns
（ ）5.A.city B.town C.village D.block
（ ）6.A.art B.money C.walls D.books
（ ）7.A.buy B.steal C.learn D.borrow
（ ）8.A.ended up B.kept on C.put off D.thought about
（ ）9.A.before B.after C.while D.since
（ ）10.A.serves B.pardons C.respects D.warns
〖解析〗【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。年轻时,祖母被认为很笨拙,但在一个寒冷的冬夜,祖母对邻居家窗户上的剪纸产生了兴趣并决定向邻居学习。祖母花费十年时间掌握了这门剪纸艺术,最终赢得了大家的认可和尊敬。这个故事告诉我们:实现梦想需要时间和毅力。
1.B 从“Theyaremadeofpaper”以及下文对祖母学习剪纸艺术的描述可知,“我”家窗户上的红花并不是真的鲜花。故选B项。
2.D 从空格前thecold以及上文的theSpringFestival等信息推知,这是一个冬天。故选D项。
3.D 从下面“whoisnowaged70”以及下段中grandma等信息推知,这里说的是,这些红花是由“我”祖母用纸做的。故选D项。
4.A change“改变”;spread“传播”;place“放置”;burn“燃烧”。根据选项理解句意:经过几次剪切,她就把一张纸变成了一件美丽的艺术品。故选A项。
5.C 从本段最后一句中“everyoneinthevillage”知,本句句意:当祖母年轻时,她被认为是这个村子里最笨拙的人。故选C项。
6.A 从上下文提到的“剪纸艺术”可知,在一个寒冷的冬夜,祖母看见了一个新的邻居的窗户上美丽的红纸艺术品。故选A项。
7.C 当看见邻居的艺术品时,祖母对其产生兴趣并决定向邻居学习。故选C项。
8.B endup“结束”;keepon“保持继续”;putoff“拖延,推迟”;thinkabout“考虑”。根据语境和选项理解句意:祖母为了掌握这门剪纸艺术,她用掉了几吨纸,且手指被扎了很多次。尽管这样,她仍然继续练习。故选B项。
9.A 句意:在十年后,祖母才能娴熟地掌握这门剪纸艺术。也就是说,在祖母掌握这门艺术之前,她花了十年时间。故选A项。
10.C 因为祖母的努力和勤奋,她掌握了这门剪纸艺术,现在村子里每个人都尊敬她。故选C项。
【7】
(2018·安徽)As a foreigner,it’s hard for me to tell what Chinese people are like.But my 1 in Beijing said something.?
A couple of weeks ago,I went to buy four big suitcases(行李箱) for travel. 2 I was going down the street,it suddenly rained heavily.A stranger called me into his little shop.He 3 me a cup of tea and a chair.When the rain got 4 ,I thanked him and rushed to a 5 nearby to buy my suitcases.?
If you’ve ever tried to push four big suitcases by yourself,you may understand my 6 .I looked silly,for the suitcases were dancing wildly across the floor.Then I got a 7 on the shoulder.It was the seller.He signed that I should wait.A few minutes later,he 8 in a car,and put the suitcases inside.Then we went driving 9 along the road to my home.I offered him some money,but he 10 .In broken English he said,“Feel good...help you.”?
Now,you can see Chinese people are always ready to help you.
（ ）1.A.friend B.teacher C.invention D.experience
（ ）2.A.If B.As C.Although D.Because
（ ）3.A.found B.bought C.made D.offered
（ ）4.A.harder B.lighter C.thicker D.faster
（ ）5.A.store B.hall C.lab D.school
（ ）6.A.language B.sentence C.situation D.advantage
（ ）7.A.wing B.coin C.scarf D.touch
（ ）8.A.lay down B.drove up C.fell behind D.went away
（ ）9.A.happily B.lazily C.bravely D.poorly
（ ）10.A.missed B.nodded C.refused D.failed
【8】
(2018·湖北黄石)You should try to have a good relationship with your neighbours,because you never know 1 you may need their help.If they do something to annoy(让……不高兴) you,it is 2 to discuss it in a polite way than to have an argument(争论) about it.?
For example,if your neighbours are playing loud music that you do not like,ask them politely to 3 the music instead of 4 the police directly for help.?
Trees and fences(围栏) can also be a 5 of disagreement between neighbours.My grandmother likes sitting 6 in the sun after lunch,but her neighbour put up a high fence that 7 sunshine from going into her yard one afternoon.My grandmother didn’t want to be 8 with him,because he 9 her a lot of support when my grandfather died last year.So she went to talk with the neighbour in a friendly way.?
Then,her neighbour lowered the fence just enough to give her some sunshine 10 losing his privacy(私人空间).My grandmother cut down the tree that was above his garden and dropped leaves all over his lawn(草坪) in the autumn.Finally,they reached an agreement which made both pleased.?
（ ）1.A.after B.before C.while D.when
（ ）2.A.more B.best C.most D.better
（ ）3.A.turn down B.turn up C.turn off D.turn on
（ ）4.A.going B.shouting C.calling D.getting
（ ）5.A.corner B.cause C.result D.message
（ ）6.A.inside B.into C.outside D.onto
（ ）7.A.stops B.opens C.shows D.steals
（ ）8.A.lonely B.silly C.angry D.awful
（ ）9.A.took B.carried C.bought D.gave
（ ）10.A.within B.without C.along D.above
【9】
(2019·预测)A son took his old father to a restaurant for dinner.The father looked very old and 1 .While he was eating,the father 2 food on his shirt and trousers.Other diners watched him in disgust(厌恶) while his son was 3 .?
After the father finished eating,his son was not angry at all.He 4 cleaned the table and helped his father wipe the mouth.Then he took his father to the washroom.When they 5 ,the whole restaurant was watching them in silence.The son 6 for the food and started walking out with his father.?
At that time,an old man 7 the diners called out to the son and asked him,“Don’t you think you have 8 something behind?”?
The son replied,“No,sir,I haven’t.”
The old man retorted,“Yes,you have!You left a lesson for every son and 9 for every father.”The restaurant went silent.?
To care for those who once cared for us is one of the highest honors(荣誉).We all know 10 our parents cared for us.Love them,respect them,and care for them.?
（ ）1.A.healthy B.hungry C.thirsty D.weak
（ ）2.A.dropped B.saw C.stuck D.picked
（ ）3.A.tired B.full C.calm D.strong
（ ）4.A.suddenly B.quietly C.clearly D.exactly
（ ）5.A.came out B.woke up C.got off D.took off
（ ）6.A.prepared B.ordered C.paid D.spent
（ ）7.A.like B.among C.with D.as
（ ）8.A.left B.took C.lent D.hid
（ ）9.A.sign B.hope C.chance D.success
（ ）10.A.when B.what C.where D.how
【10】
A lot of kids are smart.It is procrastination(拖延) that stops them from getting good grades.Procrastination is 1 things to a later time.An example of procrastination would be starting a project one day before it is 2 .Procrastinating is bad,because it makes a person stressed out and the end 3 is usually not very good.?
Since studying is not very 4 ,students put video games,hanging out with friends,and eating out before studying.They end up studying the night before the test and do not get much 5 .This is bad,because eight hours of sleep or more is needed to do 6 .Students who procrastinate end up doing badly on tests.Teachers always 7 students to start early and do a little bit of studying every day.?
Procrastination does not just happen in school;it happens 8 .People put off going to the doctor,looking for jobs,and more.Some people say that procrastination is just human 9 .However,some people say that 10 they procrastinate,they feel stress to work faster.So they can do well.?
（ ）1.A.putting up B.putting off C.putting out D.putting on
（ ）2.A.due B.close C.clear D.sudden
（ ）3.A.date B.reason C.product D.plan
（ ）4.A.early B.cheap C.fun D.short
（ ）5.A.tour B.sleep C.exercise D.control
（ ）6.A.quickly B.right C.ever D.well
（ ）7.A.order B.encourage C.expect D.refuse
（ ）8.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere
（ ）9.A.nature B.illness C.matter D.trouble
（ ）10.A.after B.when C.before D.until
〖答案〗
【7】1.D 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.B9.A 10.C
【8】1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.C9.D 10.B
【9】1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A9.B 10.D
【10】1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.C9.A 10.B
四、完形填空的做题误区
很多学生说，他们做完形填空时，往往采用“翻译法和代入法”，即做题时翻译文章内容，感觉哪个合适选哪个，看看划横线处有没有一些固定搭配，然后作选择或者填空。其实这样做是很危险的：① 在实际考试中，翻译很容易受母语影响，进行错误选择;② 并不是所谓固定搭配一定是正确选项，完形填空是考查单词在语境中的运用。如果这个搭配或短语是不符合语篇、段落逻辑的，即便是固定说法，也是不合适的，在阅卷的时候这样的答案一定是错误的。纵观这几年中考真题、一模、二模试卷，以及一些学校的月考、期中、期末试卷发现，完形填空重点考查单词，短语在句子、段落、篇章中的含义，而并非单词本身的“认知”含义。这就为什么一些同学其实单词量并不缺乏，但完形却得分率不高的原因。
