外研版必修4 Module 1 Life in the Future Grammar and usage 课件（共73张PPT）

课件73张PPT。 Direct speech and reported speechan organization which prints text or music；an employee of a publishing company who has responsibility for deciding what is published adj. 大为惊奇vt. 推荐；建议，劝告；介绍amazedrecommendpublishern. 出版社，出版机构；出版人，发行人extremely surprised to suggest that someone or sth. would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done n. 高年级学生，毕业班学生；上司；年
纪较长的人(only before noun) connected with the last year in high school or college; high or higher in rank senioradj. （高中或大学）毕业年级的；级别（或地位）高的a student in their final year of high school or university; someone who is high or higher in rank; a person who is older than sb. else seniorn. 设计者，设计师 designerpurchasen. 采购；购买的东西to buy vt. 购买，采购the act of buying sth.; sth. that you buy a person who imagines how sth. could be made and draws plans for it purchasesoftwaren. 软件the instructions which control what a computer does; computer programs n. 建议，提示；顶端，末梢；小费a useful piece of information, esp. about how to do sth. or about the likely winner of a race or competition; the usually pointed end of sth., esp. sth. which is long and thin; a small amount of money given to someone who has provided you with a service, in addition to the official payment and for their personal use tipadj. 引人注目的eye-catchingvery attractive or noticeable to (cause to) move so that one side is higher than another side; to give someone who has provided you with a service an extra amount of money to thank them vt. & vi.（使）倾斜，倾覆；给小费tipObjectivesTo learn how to use reported speech in statements, questions and imperative sentences
To learn the differences between direct speech and reported speech
To learn the way to change direct speech into reported speech 语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。Observe the sentences from P2:
One grocery tells customers, ‘You are
proud of your cooking, so shouldn’t you
buy the very freshest food?’
2. One toothpaste ad declares, ‘Bright-
Teeth fights bad breath!’
3. This ads tells customers they are good
cooks.
4. It never says that this grocery has the
freshest food！Have A L k5. ‘How far are you going?’ the bus
conductor asked Polly.
‘King Street,’ said Polly. (Module 3)
‘Which road do you want?’ he asked.
‘I live at 86 King Street,’ Polly replied.
(Module 3)
7. My mother keeps telling me not to take the pills because they are dangerous. She says health is the most important thing.
(Module 1)Guessing Gameto test your sense of observation
to test your ability of short-term memory
to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuessFill in the appropriate word.
One grocery tells customers, ‘You _____
(be) proud of your cooking, so shouldn’t
you buy the very freshest food?’
2. One toothpaste ad ________ (declare),
‘Bright-Teeth fights bad breath!’
3. This ads ______ (tell) customers they are
good cooks.
4. It never says that this grocery _____
(have) the freshest food！aredeclarestellshasgo
Ready?5. ‘How far ______ (be) you going?’ the
bus conductor asked Polly.
‘King Street,’ ______ (say) Polly.
6. ‘Which road do you want?’ he asked.
‘I ______ (live) at 86 King Street,’ Polly
replied.
7. My mother keeps telling me __________
(take) the pills because they are
dangerous. She says health ____ (be) the
most important thing.aresaidlivenot to takeisLook at the following sentences:
Tom: What are you going to do this
summer holiday?
Amy: I am going to travel to Beijing
with my parents.Now try to answer:
What did Amy say?
Amy said that she was going to travel to Beijing with her parents. 以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据
之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。direct speechreported speech◆To report what
exactly has been
said◆The words usually
appear in quotation
marks◆To report what
has been said
without using the
exact words◆No quotation
marksHow to change direct speech into reported speech He said, ‘I’m used to such embarrassing comments.’
He said that he was used to such embarrassing comments.
‘We must not give up in the face of pressure!’ she said.
She encouraged us not to give up in the face of pressure.1. Use an object clause or an infinitive phraseHe said, “I like it very much.”
He said that he liked it very much.He said to me, “I’ve left my book in your room.
He told me that he had left his book in my room.2. Change personal pronounsI said to her, “I have done my best.”I told her that I had done my best.3. Change the tensesChange the following sentences into reported speech.1. ‘I haven’t brought my dictionary,’ the
student said.
2. Tom said to them, ‘I will get excited.’
3. My father said to me, ‘I am reading the
book.’The student said that he hadn’t brought his dictionary.Tom told them that he would get excited.My father told me that he was reading the book.4. Change the adverbials of timeChange the following sentences into reported speech. 1. ‘I will come and see you again next week,
Tom,’ he said.
2. ‘I saw Tom last night,’ she said.
3. The doctor said to the patient, ‘You will
have to wait till 3 pm tomorrow.’
He told Tom that he would go and see him again the following week.She said that she’d seen Tom the night before.The doctor told the patient that he would have to wait till 3 pm the next/ following day.5. Other casesShe said, “I’ll come here again tonight.”She said she would go there again that night.He said, “I want this.”He said that he wanted that.May said to Tom, “I’ll bring some photos here to you tomorrow.”May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day.由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:1. 转述的内容是不变的真理：
The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”
→ The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.2. 转述的内容指经常的习惯：
He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”
→ He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3. 转述历史事件：
The teacher said, “World War II ended in 1945.”
→ The teacher said that World War II ended in 1945.4. 部分情态动词，如must, ought to, used to, had better等：
She said to me: “You must hurry up.”
→ She said that I must hurry up.How to use reported speech to report:statementsquestionsimperative sentences 陈述句:
Use noun clauses introduced by that to
report statements. ‘That’ can be omitted.“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I don’t likecomputers.tolddidn’tsheSarah told her friends that she didn’t like computers.Ted said (that) there wasn’t any trouble and that he was waiting for his change. 注意: 当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时, 仅能省略第一个that, 其余的不能省略。Ted said, “There isn’t any trouble and
I’m waiting for my change (零钱)”.Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?
( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.2. 一般疑问句：
Use noun clauses introduced by whether/if to report yes/no questions.When do you harvest the wheat?
( They asked him )They asked himwhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.harvested3. 特殊疑问句：
Use noun clauses introduced by wh-words to report wh-questions.To report imperative sentences, we use the
structure:
reporting verb + object + (not) + to-infinitive
‘Don’t worry, Mickey,’ Jen said.
Jen asked Mickey not to worry.
*other verbs can be used in this structure
‘Don’t believe every ad you read,’ Lily said to
me.
Lily advised me not to believe every ad I read.reporting verbobject(not)to-infinitiveadvise encourage invite recommend warn4. 祈使句：that引导的名词性从句
Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.Time for reflectionwhether / if引导的名词性从句
John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.wh-词引导的名词性从句
John asked Mary when she would return him the book.不定式
The officer ordered him not to leave his post.that引导的名词性从句
I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.that / what / how
引导的名词性从句
He said that he was very happy. Practice: Change the following sentences into direct speech.1. Tom suggested that we should translate the book
into English.

2. The student explained that he really didn’t know
he had to finish the work a week before.
3. The teacher promised that he would give his
students a few holidays at the end of that month.
Tom said, ‘You’d better translate the book into English.’The student said, ‘I really don’t know I must finish the work a week ago.’The teacher said, ‘I will give my students a few holidays at the end of this month.’Practice: Change the following sentences into reported speech.1. My mother asked me, ‘Do you want to go to
the Great Wall with me?’
2. The teacher asked the boy, ‘How many pages
have you read today?’
3. I asked Li Ying, ‘When and where were you
born?’
My mother asked me whether I wanted to go to the Great Wall with her.
The teacher asked the boy how many pages he had read that day.
I asked Li Ying when and where he was born.The teacher said, ‘You’d better wear soft shoes.’
The teacher advised us to wear soft shoes.
The teacher said, ‘Think about it carefully before you answer.’
The teacher asked us to think about it carefully before we answered.Practice: Change the following sentences into reported speech.The teacher said, ‘Don’t leave your homework at home.’
The teacher reminded us not to leave our homework at home.
The teacher said, ‘Don’t worry about your exam.’
The teacher told us not to worry about our exam.
My brother ordered me to go there at
once.

My father warned us not to throw the
waste paper everywhere.
My brother said, ‘Come here at once.’My father said to us, ‘Don’t throw the waste paper everywhere.’Read Part A on page 11 and practise reporting questions using whether/if or wh-words.
Answers:
2. Wang Qin ________________________
__________________________________.
3. Lu Kai ___________________________
__________________________________.asked how it could help him remember English words.asked whether/if it taught listening and speaking 4. Liu Fang _________________________
_________________________________.
5. Gu Jin ___________________________.asked what the designer woulddo if she was not satisfied with the softwareasked whether/if it was easy to useRead the advertising tips on page 11 and report each of them to your boss.
Answers:
2. The expert encourages us to
_________________________________.
3. The expert recommends that
________________________________.use interesting and attractive photoswe (should) use eye-catching logos4. The expert suggests that __________
______________________________.
5. The expert tells us to _____________
______________________________.we (should) makethe slogans short and easy to remembermake good use of colours to attract people’s attentionQuiz I 根据句型及句意将下列直接引语
变为间接引语，每空一词。
1.?Alice?said,?“I've?just?got?a?letter?
from?my?father.”?
Alice?said?that?_____?_____ just?
got?a?letter?from?______?father.?sheherhad2.?Jane?asked?Dick,?“Have?you?
finished?writing?the?report?”?
??? Jane?asked?Dick?__________?___?
_____ _______?writing?the?report.?whether/ifhefinishedhad3.?“Don’t?grow?plants?in?the?same?
place?year?after?year,” the?farmer
? said.?
The?farmer?_____?me?____ ____??
_____?plants?in?the?same?place?
year after?year.? toldnotgrow to 4.?Mr.?Smith?said?to?the?girl,?“I?will?
come?here?to?see?you?next?Sunday.”
Mr.?Smith?_____?the?girl?that
___?_______?___?there?to?see ____
_____?__________?Sunday.?toldhe would goherthe followingB) 根据句型及句意将下列间接引语变 为直接引语，每空一词。 1.?He?told?me?that?a?friend?in?need?
is?a?friend?indeed.?
He?____?____?me,?“A?friend?in?
need ___?a?friend?indeed.”?saidis to2.?She?asked?the?students?to?tidy?the?
lab.?
“______?the?lab,” she?_____??
to?the?students.?
3.?He?said?that?he?liked?the?film?very?
much.??He?said,?“____?_____?the?film?very?
much.”?Tidy said Ilike4.?She?said?that?she?had?received?a
letter?two?days?before.?
She?said, “___?_________?a letter?
____?_____?____?.”
5.?He?asked?me?whether?I?liked black?
tea?or?green?tea.? He?asked?me,?“____?____?_____?
black?tea?or?green?tea?”?Itwo days agoDo you like received1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”
Jack told me that ___ worried ___. A. he looked … today B. you look … today C. we looked … that day D. I looked … that dayQuiz II Choose the best answer. 2. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”
We told her that ___ through the street ___. A. we were walking … then B. you are walking … now C .they were walking … then D. they walking … now 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.”
Mr Black said that __ a long way __. A. I had walked … last week B. he had walked … that week C. I walked … last week D. he has walked … this week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.”
The man thought that __ take it back ____. A. I shall … tomorrow B. I shall … the next day C. he should … tomorrow D. he would … the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house?”
They asked us ____ afraid to leave _____ house. A. that were we … this B. that we were … that C. if were we … this D. if we were … that6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”
Jane asked ____ about _____. A. that he heard … a week ago B. what he had heard … a week before C. what he had heard … a week ago D. if he heard … a week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time?”
She asked whose house ____ break into _____. A. will he … next time B. would he … the next time C. he would … the next time D. he will … next time 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where ____ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me, “Why haven’t you left here yet?”
Black asked me why ____ yet. A. I hadn’t left there B. I haven’t left here C. hadn’t I left there D. haven’t I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east?”
The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east. A. if … rise B. if … rises C. whether … rose D. whether did … riseQuiz III
将下列直接引语改为间接引语。
1. Mother said to her little daughter,
‘The earth is not flat but round.’
Mother told her little daughter (that)
the earth is not flat but round.2. He asked, ‘How are you getting along
with your studies these days, Mary
and Jane?’
He asked Mary and Jane how they were getting along with their studies those days.3. “Alice, you feed the baby,” Mother said.
Mother asked Alice to feed the baby.
4. “Let’s have a rest,” our teacher said.
Our teacher suggested (that) we have a
rest.
5. “Don’t make this kind of foolish mistake
again,” she said to me.
She told / warned me not to make that
kind of foolish mistake again.Liu Xiang was the first Asian ______ (win) the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympics in Athens. _____ that he became an idol(偶像) to the young people.
“I never thought I would run under 13 seconds and break the Olympic _______.” said Liu Xiang in tears, Quiz IV. 阅读短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求填空。 to win After record “I am very very excited. I’m proud not just for myself and for Chinese ________ for Asia. My race went __________ (wonderful) from start to finish.” Liu added. “It is ___ amazing experience being the Olympic champion. I want to thank my coach and my friends for ____ their help. I think today we Chinese have showed the world we ____ run as fast as anybody else.”but (also) wonderfully an all can Since his return from Athens, Liu Xiang ________ (be) at the center of a media circus and he has been to many press appearances and meetings. But Liu thinks 2004 is just the beginning, and he expects to be at his peak in the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Liu said, “For some players, it’s just a job. For me, it’s ____ I love.”has been what Finish Part C1 and Part C2 on page 92.Homework