小升初英语总复习课件 词类梳理 代词 (47张PPT)

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名称 小升初英语总复习课件 词类梳理 代词 (47张PPT)
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更新时间 2019-05-13 15:06:11

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课件42张PPT。第二篇 专项提升第二部分 词类梳理第四节 代词知识梳理一、代词的分类
代词是用来代替名词的一种词类,大多数代词具有名词或形容词的功能。英语中的代词通常分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、关系代词、连接代词和替代词等10种。在小学阶段,主要考查前6种代词。1. 人称代词的构成二、人称代词 2. 人称代词的用法
(1)人称代词的主格:在句子中作主语,也就是该句所描述的状态的呈现者或动作的执行者。在陈述句中,它位于句子的最前面。如:
I am in the classroom.
She plays the violin very well.
They worked in the factory last year.
(2)人称代词it:在英语中,it有许多不同的用法,其中一种用法是用作代词,指代前面已经提到过的人、事或物。如:
A:Who is that? B:It's me.
A:What's the weather like in winter in Beijing?
B: It's snowy and cold.
A: Where's your car? B: It's in the garage(车库).
(3)人称代词的宾格:在句子中作宾语,位于动词或介词之后,是动作的承受者。如:
Mr Li teaches us English.
The fish in the fridge is for me. (4)人称代词并列出现的排列顺序:当几个人称代词并列出现时,其排列顺序与中文的不同。
①单数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时,其顺序为:第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。如:
You and I can come into the hall now.
My brother and I are going to the cinema this evening.
You and Amy were there at that time.
You, Mike and I rowed a boat on the lake last summer.
The cake is for you and me. ②复数人称代词并列作主语或宾语时,其顺序为:第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。如:
We and you are going to plant trees in the nature park.
You and they climbed the highest mountain two years ago.1. 物主代词的构成三、物主代词 2. 物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词放在名词之前,用来修饰名词,这一点与形容词有相似之处,都不能单独使用。如:
This is my room.
His cousin is in America now.
(2)名词性物主代词可以像名词一样单独使用,其作用相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。 如:
This room is mine. (mine=my room)
His hobby is playing computer games. It's the same as hers. (hers=her hobby)1. 反身代词的构成四、反身代词 【注】反身代词的构成说明:第一、二人称的单数形式在形容词性物主代词之后加-self,复数形式在形容词性物主代词后加-selves;第三人称在宾格代词后加-self(单数形式)或-selves(复数形式)。
2. 反身代词的用法
(1)反身代词常用来加强语气。如:
The king went to see the girl himself.
I can do it by myself.
(2)反身代词也可以用在动词之后。如:
David teaches himself Chinese.
She will be herself again in no time. 1. 指示代词的概念
指示代词表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等含义。常见的指示代词有this, that, these, those等。this和that用于指代名词单数形式;these和those用于指代名词复数形式。this和these用于指代空间上较近的事物;that和those用于指代空间上较远的事物。如:
This is my book. That book over there is yours.
These are dogs. Those in the tree are cats.
五、指示代词
2. 指示代词的用法
(1)指示代词兼具形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的特点,既可以单独使用,也可以在后面加名词。如:
This is his computer.=This computer is his.
Those peaches are fresh.=Those are fresh peaches.
(2)指示代词在句子中可以用the 代替。如:
I like this new picture. =I like the new picture. 1. 不定代词的概念
没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词,叫作不定代词。常见的不定代词有some(一些),any(任何),no(没有),every(每个),each(每个),many(许多),much(许多),both(两者都),all(全都),little(很少),a little(一点儿),few(很少),a few(少数),other(另外的),the other(另一个),others(另外的人或物),the others(其余全部的人或物),another(另一个),以及由some,any,no和every构成的合成代词(如somebody, anyone, nothing, everything)等。六、不定代词 2. 不定代词的用法
(1)some,any和no的用法辨析
some和any都有“一些”的意思,some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句中,no用于肯定句中表达否定的意思。如:
There are some girls in the room.
There aren't any pandas in the mountain.
There is no water in the bottle.
【注】在一些表示建议、请求的疑问句中,用some而不用any。如:
Would you like some coffee?
Can I have some more rice? (2)every和each的用法辨析
①every和each都有“每个”的意思,谓语动词均用单数形式。every强调整体之中的每一个;each强调个体概念。如:
Every student in the class gets a new book.
Each kid likes playing computer games.
②every表示“(三者或三者以上中的)每一个”;each表示“(两者中的)每一个”。如:
I read English every day.
There are green trees on each side of the river. (3)many和much的用法辨析
many和much都有“大量;许多”的意思。many只能修饰可数名词复数形式,much只能修饰不可数名词。如:
There are many people in the room.
Much of the time was wasted.
(4)both和all的用法辨析
both表示“(两者)都”;all表示“(三者或三者以上)都”。如:
My parents are both teachers.
All the students in Class One like English very much. (5)few,a few,little,a little的用法辨析
①a few和a little是一对用作表示数量的不定代词的固定词组,其意义是肯定的。a few修饰复数可数名词,a little修饰不可数名词。如:
I have a few friends here.
There is still a little water in the bottle.
②few和little具有否定的意义,意为“几乎没有”。few修饰复数可数名词,little修饰不可数名词。如:
He has few friends and lives alone.
There is little water in the bottle. Let's go to get some. (6)other, the other,others, the others, another的用法辨析
①other表示“另外的”,其后可接名词单数形式,也可接名词复数形式。如:
Put the candy in your other hand.
Do you have any other questions?
②表示“两者中的一个”用one;表示“另一个”则用the other。如:
I have two sisters. One is Sarah, the other one is Susan.
③others泛指“另外的部分人或物”,相当于“other+复数可数名词”。如:
Some go there by car. Others go on foot.
Some say yes, and others say no.
④表示“很多中的一个”用one;表示“剩下的全部人或物”用the others。如:
Jack is cleverer than the others in his class.
【注】the others=the other+名词复数形式。如:
Jack is cleverer than the other students in his class.
⑤another指“另外一个”,用来代替或修饰可数名词,表示单数概念。
如:
I don't like this hat. Please show me another one. 疑问代词引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句,疑问代词一般位于疑问句的句首。疑问代词有who(谁,主格),whom(谁,宾格),whose(谁的),what(什么),which(哪个)等。
(疑问代词部分的讲解将在后面的疑问句章节中作详细讲解,故在此章节中省略)七、疑问代词考点精析 考查代词的词形转换考点1【例1】Read and write. 按要求写单词。
1. my(名词性物主代词)__________
2. their(宾格形式)__________解析:此类题考查对各类代词词形的记忆和转换。
答案:1. 2.
minethem举一反三一、Read and write. 按要求写单词。1. she (名词性物主代词) _____ 2. she (复数形式) _____
3. we (单数形式)_____ 4. this (反义词)_____二、Read and translate. 英汉互译。1. 他的背包 __________
2. 我的一个朋友 _________________________________
3. look at him __________
4. its name __________hersItheythathis bagone of my friends/a friend of mine看着他它的名字考查代词的运用考点2【例2】Read and fill. 根据中文提示填空。
Can you help __________ (我)with my English? 解析:此题考查对人称代词的主格与宾格的运用。help是动词,在动词之后要用代词的宾格。
答案:me【例3】Read and choose. 单项填空。
( )1. This is __________ crayon, and __________ is over there.
A. my; your B. mine; yours C. my; yours
( )2. There are 30 students in this class. ______ student has a computer.
A. Each B. One C. Every
( )3. Most people think __________ are the winners.
A. ours B. us C. we 解析:第1小题考查形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的运用。第一空后有名词crayon,应该用形容词性物主代词;第二空之后直接是be动词is,应该用名词性物主代词。第2小题考查学生对不定代词的掌握情况。30是大于2的,在这个集体中的每一个,用的代词应该是every。第3小题考查学生对人称代词的运用。在分析此题的时候,学生容易受到think是动词的影响而选择us。事实上,在此题中most people think是一个主句,后面的句子是从句,因此选择主格代词we作主语。
答案:1. 2. 3. CCC举一反三三、Read and choose. 单项填空。( )1. The girl can't find her mother. Let's go and help __________ .
A. she B. her C. hers
( )2. This is Mr Green. We are __________ students.
A. he's B. his C. he
( )3. I don't have __________ questions.
A. no B. some C. any
( )4. Sarah:__________ bike is it?
Amy:It's his bike.
A. What B. Which C. WhoseBBCC四、Read, choose and fill. 选择括号内适当的代词填空。1. He is _____(I, my, me) father.
2. Pass _____(me, I, my) a pen, please.
3. Can I use _____(you, your, yours) eraser?
4. Please help _____ (them, their, they) clean the classroom.
5. Are _____(this, these) your pens?
6. Be quiet. Please don't wake _____(he, him, his) up.
7. This pencil is _____(me, my, mine).
8. That yellow shirt is _____(she, her, hers).
9. Can you tell _____(me, my, I) the way to the park?
10. Sarah does _____(she, her, hers)homework every day. mymeyourthemthesehimminehersmeher 考查代词的综合运用考点3【例4】Read and write. 按要求改写句子。
Those are their watches. (改为单数形式)
___________________________________________________________ 解析:此题考查代词在语境中的综合运用。句子由单数形式改为复数形式的时候,要求将句子中所有能够改为复数的成分都改成复数形式,反之亦然。
答案:That is her/his watch. 举一反三五、Read and fill. 在下面这段话中的横线上填写适当的代词,补全短文。 This is a photo of my family. ______ father is the man on the right. The woman with glasses is _____ mother. _______ is an English teacher. The girl in red skirt is my sister. ______ name is Linda. Who's the girl between my mother and Linda? It's _____ ,Lily.
1. My2. my3. She4. Her5. me六、Read and write. 按要求改写句子。There is some water in the glass.
1. 否定句: _________________________________________________
2. 一般疑问句: _____________________________________________There isn't any water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?过关检测一、Read and write. 按要求写单词。1. I (宾格)_____ 2. they (宾格) _____
3. we (名词性物主代词) _____
4. she (形容词性物主代词) _____
5. him (主格) _____ 6. you (主格) _____
7. it (反身代词) _____ 8. us(反身代词) __________
9. that(复数形式) _____ 10. those (反义词) _____methemoursherheyouitself ourselvesthosethese二、Read and fill. 根据句意,用适当的代词填空。1. This is my brother. _____ are twins.
2. Miss Green is our teacher. We all like _____ very much.
3. Sarah has four pens, but she doesn't use _____ .
4. This is not her book. _____ is in my schoolbag.
5. A:What time does _____ sister have breakfast?
B:My sister has breakfast at 7:00.
6. ______ are my shoes?I can't find _____.WeherthemHersyourWherethem7. A:_____ are you doing?
B:I'm doing _____ homework.
8. A:Whose T-shirt is that?
B:It's _____ . I like it very much.
9. I have a dog. _____ name is Gogo.
10. She is a friend of _____ . We got to know each other two years ago.
WhatmymineItsmine三、Read and choose. 单项填空。( )1. __________ pencil box is beautiful. But __________ is more
beautiful than __________ .
A. Toms; my; he B. Tom's; mine; his
C. Tom's; mine; him
( )2. Most of __________ like Chinese food.
A. they B. their C. them
( )3. I don't want this shirt. Please show me __________ .
A. others B. the others C. anotherBCC( )4. I have two sisters. __________ of them are doctors.
A. Both B. All C. Either
( )5. There are __________ tomatoes in the basket.
A. a few B. a little C. little
( )6. John:__________ is Betty?
Chen Jie:Tom's sister.
A. What B. Where C. Who
( )7. __________ all like playing football.
A. I, you and he B. He, you and I
C. You, he and IAACC( )8. That's not __________. It is __________. I made it __________ .
A. yours; mine; myself B. your; mine; myself
C. yours; her; myself
( )9. I can't repair the model ship _________. Can you help _______?
A. me; myself B. myself; myself
C. myself; me
( )10. We study Chinese, English, maths and some ________
subjects.
A. the other B. other C. anotherACB四、Read and write. 按要求改写句子。1. This is their classroom. (改为同义句)
_________________________________________________________
2. This is my book, and that is his book. (改为复数形式)
_________________________________________________________
3. 我们的老师喜欢我们,我们也喜欢他。(汉译英)
_________________________________________________________
4. 这是谁的书?(汉译英)
_________________________________________________________
5. This red bottle is Mike's . (就画线部分提问)
__________________________________________________________This classroom is theirs.These are our books, and those are their books.Our teacher likes us, and we like him, too.Whose book is this?Whose is this red bottle?/ Whose red bottle is this?五、Read and choose. 完形填空。 Look at the girl! She is _____ good friend. She is _____ English girl. _____ name is Susan. _____ twelve. My _____ is Julia. _____ a Chinese girl. I am eleven. Susan has a happy family. _____ father is a driver and her mother is a doctor. I have a happy family, too. There are three people in _____ family. They are my father, my mother and _____ . I love my parents and _____ love me, too. 12345678910( )1. A. I B. my C. mine
( )2. A. a B. an C. the
( )3. A. She B. She's C. Her
( )4. A. She B. She's C. Her
( )5. A. name B. book C. friend
( )6. A. I B. I'm C. She
( )7. A. She's B. Hers C. Her
( )8. A. my B. mine C. me
( )9. A. we B. me C. my
( )10. A. them B. their C. theyBBCBABCABC