2019中考英语总复习课件（人教版）：第十一节非谓语动词（37张PPT）

课件37张PPT。第二部分 中考语法强化复习第十一节 非谓语动词中考考纲导航考点精讲精练非谓语动词:注意:本节中的动词原形统一用“do”来表示。考点1 动词不定式(★★★)
【考点精讲】
A. 带to的动词不定式
1. 构成:(1)to do, 如ask sb. to do sth.;(2)(to) do, 如help sb. (to) do。
2. 否定形式:not to do / not (to) do。3. 常规用法:熟记词条:
常用不定式作宾语的动词有:想要、愿意、希望、决定、同意、选择、计划、失败、期待、负担、拒绝、迫不及待做——want, would like, hope / wish, decide, agree, choose, plan, fail, expect, afford, refuse, can’t wait+ to do
常用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:要求、告诉、想要、教、帮助、希望、邀请、建议、鼓励、允许、需要、命令某人 (别) 做——ask, tell, want / would like, teach, help, wish, invite, advise, encourage, allow, need, order (+) sb.(not) to do熟记句型:【考题精解】
( )(2018广东)After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important ____ a peaceful world.
A. build B. not build
C. to build D. not to build
解析 本题句意:长期的战争之后, 叙利亚的许多人都无家可归了。我认为建立一个和平的世界很重要。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。本题考查的是sb.think(s) it+adj.+ to do的句型, 结合句意可知C为正确答案。
答案 C【考题再现】
( )1. (2018白银)My two cousins decide ___ a business together.
A. to start B. starting
C. start D. started
( )2. (2018广西北部湾)Our teacher often tells us ____ in the river. It’s dangerous.
A. not swim B. not to swim
C. to swim D. swimming
( )3. (2018绥化)My mother doesn’t allow me ____ outside too late on school nights.
A. to stay B. stay C. stayingABA( )4. (2018天津)Harry invited me____ with him when his parents were out of town.
A. stay B. stayed
C. staying D. to stay
( )5. (2018阜新)Our teacher often asks us ____ time.
A. not waste B. not to waste
C. don’t waste D. doesn’t waste
( )6. (2018青岛)Larry hopes ____ his English, so he keeps practicing it every day.
A. to solve B. solving
C. to improve D. improvingDBC【考点演练】
( )7. How kind you are! You always do what you can ____ me.
A. help B. helping
C. to help D. helps
( )8. Many old men prefer ____ in a countryside.
A. to live B. living
C. live D. lived
( )9. In order _____ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.
A. not to be late B. not being late
C. to be late D. being lateCAA( )10. One of the most important things ____ at Chri-stmas is The Nutcracker(《胡桃夹子》).
A. see B. seeing
C. to see D. to look
( )11. —I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?
—I haven’t decided where ____.
A. go B. went
C. Going D. to go
( )12. Miss Wang told us _____ smoke, so you mustn’t smoke.
A. to B. not to C. don’t D. notCDB【考点精讲】
B. 不带to的动词不定式
1. 构成:do, 如let sb. do。
2. 否定形式:not do。
3. 常规用法:
不带to的动词不定式一般在句子中作宾语补足语注意:
在主动语态中, let, make, have三个使役动词接不带“to”的不定式做宾补。但在变成被动语态时, make, have后要加“to”。如:
He often makes the girl cry. But today he was made to cry by the girl. 他常常把那个女孩弄哭。但今天, 他被那个女孩弄哭了。【考题精解】
( )(2018达州)—I have a bad cold, Mom.
—Oh, dear! You’d better ____ a doctor with me in a minute.
A. will see B. see
C. not see D. seeing
解析 本题句意:——妈妈, 我得了重感冒。——噢, 亲爱的！你最好马上和我去看医生。本题考查不带to的不定式。结合横线前的’d better, 可知本题考查的是had better do“最好做……”的句型。故B为正确答案。
答案 B【考题再现】
( )1. (2018龙东)I prefer ____ the failure rather than ____ my dream.
A. experience; to give up B. to experience; give up
C. experiencing; giving up
( )2. (2016烟台)—Could you please ____ me your notebook, Grace?
—Certainly. Here you are.
A. borrow B. to borrow
C. lend D. to lend BC( )3. (2016宜宾)It’s getting dark. You’d better ____ out by yourself. It’s dangerous.
A. not go B. not to go
C. to go
( )4. (2016郴州)—I feel upset because I’m too heavy.
—____ do more exercise to lose some weight?
A. Why don’t B. Why not
C. Why not to
( )5. (2016齐齐哈尔)Let’s ____ a noise, someone is sleeping.
A. not make B. not making
C. not to makeABA【考点演练】
( )6. —Let’s play football on the playground.
—It’s too hot outside. I would rather ____ at home than ____ out.
A. to stay; go B. staying; going
C. stay; to go D. stay; go
( )7. The cartoon film we saw last night made us ____.
A. laugh B. to laugh
C. laughing D. laughedDA( )8. —Will you please ____ the flowers?
—Sorry, I won’t.
A. pick B. don’t pick
C. not to pick D. not pick
( )9. The snow made them _____ cold, so they had to make a fire _____ warm.
A. feel; keep B. to feel; to keep
C. feel; to keep D. to feel; keep
( )10. The assistant won’t let you ____ the cinema if you haven’t a ticket.
A. enter B. to enter
C. entering D. not enterDCA考点2 动名词(★★☆)
【考点精讲】注意:
1. 动名词作定语时, 表示它所修饰的名词的性能和用途, 和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上没有主谓关系;现在分词作定语时, 表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作, 和它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。如:
a sleeping bag (用途)=a bag for sleeping 睡袋
a sleeping child=a child’s sleeping (child是sleep的主语, sleep是child发出的动作) 一个正熟睡的小孩2. 动名词的复合结构
由“形容词性物主代词 / 名词所有格＋动名词”可构成动名词的复合结构, 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。该物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。如:
Would you mind my / me smoking here？=Would you mind if I smoke here？ 你介意我在这里吸烟吗？
I insisted on my husband’s / my husband paying the bill. 我坚持让我丈夫买单。熟记词条:
常用动名词作宾语的动词有:建议、完成、避免、介意、享受、练习、想象、坚持、考虑、感觉像、留心、期待、习惯、情不自禁、对做……感兴趣、擅长、感谢、忙于、放弃、 (做……) 开心、(做……) 有麻烦——suggest, finish, avoid, mind, enjoy, practise, imagine, keep, consider, feel like, pay attention to, look forward to, get / be used to, can’t help, be interested in, be good at / do well in, thanks for, be busy, give up, have fun, have trouble / problem(s)+doing
介词后接动词用动名词:没有做without doing, 在做……之前 / 后before / after doing, 通过做by doing, 关于做 about doing熟记句型:
Doing sth. is+adj.=To do sth. is+adj.=It is+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……样的。
附:
A. 常见的既能接不定式、又能接动名词的词有:
喜爱、喜欢、更喜欢、憎恨、不喜欢、开始、继续、记得、忘记、遗憾 / 后悔、尝试、允许、停止——love, like, prefer, hate, dislike, start / begin, continue / go on, remember, forget, regret, try, allow, stop很多动词接这两种动词形式意义区别不大, 但画线部分的单词接动名词和不定式时意思区别明显, 常考的见下表:注意:
与使役动词的被动语态后接带“to”的不定式做宾补一样, 这些感官实义动词的被动语态中也要加“to”。如:
He is often heard to read English in the morning (by us). 我们早晨经常听到他读英语。
【考题精解】
( )(2018襄阳)The traffic is terribly busy in the morning. You’d better avoid ____ in the center of the city.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. driven
解析 本题句意:早上的交通非常繁忙。你最好避免开车到市中心去。本题考查非谓语动词。avoid doing 意为“避免做……”, 故选B。
答案 B【考题再现】
( )1. (2018绥化)Would you mind ___ down the music? It’s too noisy.
A. to turn B. turning
C. turn
( )2. (2018哈尔滨)—I’m considering ____ abroad for further study, but I haven’t abroad decided yet.
—You’d better ask your English teacher for some advice.
A. going B. to go
C. goBA( )3. (2018包头)As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and ____ them.
A. corrects B. correct
C. to correct D. correcting
( )4. (2017白银)I look forward _____ you soon.
A. see B. seeing
C. to see D. to seeing
( )5. (2017重庆B卷)Dave is a good boy and he always finishes _____ his homework on time.
A. do B. did
C. does D. doingDDD【考点演练】
( )6. —What about ____ a rest?
—OK. Let’s go for a walk.
A. to take B. take
C. taking D. us taking
( )7. Sarah, you’d better drink more water after _____ for such a long time.
A. run B. runs
C. to run D. running
( )8. Seeing their teacher ____ into the classroom, they stopped ____ at once.
A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak
C. enter; to tell D. walking; talkingCDD( )9. Her son ____ Coke, but now he ____ milk.
A. used to drink; is used to drinking
B. used to drinking; drinks
C. is used to drinking; used to drink
D. is used to drink; is drinking
( )10. I found a letter ____ on the floor when I came into the classroom.
A. lying B. lay
C. lie D. liesAA中考真题集锦( )1. (2018重庆A卷)It was raining. My father asked me ____ a raincoat.
A. take B. takes
C. took D. to take
( )2. (2018西宁)—Mr.Wang, I have trouble ____ the text. Could you help me?
—Certainly. First, remember ____ it three times at least. Then, I will tell you more.
A. to understand; reading
B. understanding; reading
C. understanding; to read
D. to understand; to readDC( )3. (2018苏州)—I’m Daisy, not Jessie.
—Sorry, I have difficulty ____ people’s names.
A. remembering
B. remember
C. to remember
D. remembered
( )4. (2018绥化)Nowadays, most people prefer to ____ computer games rather than____ books.
A. play;reading B. play;read
C. playing; readingAB( )5. (2018通辽)I can’t stand ____ in public.
A. smoking B. to smoke
C. smoke D. smokes
( )6. (2018兰州)Every morning, Tim often sees some groups of middle-aged women _____ in the square.
A. dance B. to dance
C. dances D. danced
( )7. (2018邵阳)Remember ___ some fruit when you come back.
A. buying B. to buy
C. buyAAB( )8. (2018海南)The policeman warned the man ____ after drinking.
A. not to drive B. to drive
C. driving
( )9. (2018贵州)Please stop ___ and go out for a walk. Remember ____ warm clothes.
A. to study; wearing B. studying; to wear
C. to study; to wear D. studying; wearing
( )10. (2018孝感)Attention, please! Without permission, children are not allowed _____ alone here.
A. to swim B. swimming
C. swim D. swamABA( )11. (2018齐齐哈尔)We set up this group ____ dis-abled people like Ben Smith.
A. help B. to help
C. helping
( )12. (2017南充)—Mario, your mobile phone is ring-ing.
—Wait a minute. It’s dangerous for us _____ it while crossing the street.
A. answering B. to answer
C. answer D. answeredBB( )13. (2017新疆)Dick _____ in America, but he has been _____ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live; used to eating
B. is used to live; used to eat
C. is used to live; used to eating
D. used to living; used to eat
( )14. (2017宜宾)The child is crying. Please do something to make him _____.
A. stop to cry B. stop crying
C. to stop crying
( )15. (2017宿迁)The girl students are discussing ____ the walls in the classroom.
A. what to paint color B. to paint what color
C. which color to paint D. to paint which colorABC