2019中考英语总复习课件（人教版）：第十二节句子种类(33张PPT)

课件33张PPT。第二部分 中考语法强化复习第十二节 句子种类中考考纲导航考点精讲精练句子按使用目的和语气可分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
考点1 陈述句(★★☆)
【考点精讲】
一、陈述句:
1. 定义:
用来陈述一个事实或表达一种观点的句子叫作陈述句, 分为肯定和否定两种形式, 一般用降调, 句末用句号。2. 常用的将肯定句改为否定句的方法:
如果肯定陈述句的谓语动词含有be动词、助动词或情态动词时, 在它们之后加not构成否定式;如果谓语中不含上述动词而只有行为动词, 则在其前加助动词do(第三人称单数用does, 过去式用did), 再加not构成否定式。
3. 部分否定与全部否定:
有一些表示“全体”或“完全”意义的总括词, 如all, every, both, always等, 凡含有这些词的否定句并非表示全部否定。句子要表示全部否定时, 常用none, no, neither, never, nowhere或not与any, anything等词连用来表示。另外, all, both, every等和带in-, un-, dis-等否定前缀的词连用时, 也表全部否定。【考题精解】
( )(2018云南)We can ___ some information about this city on the Internet.
A. look up B. look like
C. look after D. look forward to
解析 本题句意:我们可以在网上查找关于这个城市的信息。这是一个陈述句。根据各项的意思:look up意为“查阅;查找”;look like意为“看起来像”;look after意为“照顾”;look forward to 意为“期望;期待”, 再结合句意可知应填look up。
答案 A【考题再现】
( )1. (2018乌鲁木齐)—I’d like to buy a new oven.
—The ones over there sell well. You can ____ one by one to have a try.
A. turn on it B. turn it on
C. turn on them D. turn them on
( )2. (2018盐城)Look, little Jim is swimming so fast. I ____ believe my eyes.
A. shouldn’t B. can’t
C. mustn’t D. needn’tDB( )3. (2018襄阳)The second C919 large passenger plane ____ its first flight at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on December 17th, 2017.
A. completes
B. completed
C. has completed
D. was completingB【考点演练】
( )4. There ____ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle’s farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
( )5. —Tom, supper is ready.
—I don’t want to eat ____, Mum. I’m not feeling well.
A. everything B. nothing
C. something D. anything
( )6. Doctor Wang often asks us ____ too much meat.
A. don’t eat B. not eat
C. not to eat D. doesn’t eatDDC考点2 疑问句(★★☆)
【考点精讲】熟记:常见的特殊疑问词(组)
what什么(可用来询问职业);which哪一个;when什么时候;why为什么;how如何, 怎样;where(在)哪里; who谁;whose谁的;what time几点;what day星期几;what color什么颜色;what about ……怎么样; how much多少, 多少钱;how many多少;how far多远;how long多长, 多久;how soon过多久;how often多久一次;how old多大;how about ……怎么样;how heavy多重;how big多大;how tall / high多高;how deep多深【考题精解】
( )(2018绥化)—____ do you like Wolf Warriors II?
—Because it’s exciting.
A. Why B. What
C. How
解析 本题句意:——你为什么喜欢《战狼II》？——因为它令人激动。本题考查特殊疑问句。why意为“为什么”, 用来询问原因;what意为“什么”;how意为“怎样”, 用来询问程度。根据答语中的because可知询问的是原因, 故A为正确答案。
答案 A【考题再现】
( )1. (2018兰州)—____ times have you visited Gansu Science Museum?
—Only once.
A. How often B. How many
C. How long D. How soon
( )2. (2018宿迁)—___ do you visit your grandparents, Timmy?
—Once a week.
A. How many B. How long
C. How much D. How oftenBD( )3. (2018通辽)____ the ____ of the car?
A. How; money B. What; price
C. How much; money D. What’s; price
( )4. (2017白银) Can anyone suggest _____ to go for lunch？
A. why B. what
C. who D. where
( )5. (2017重庆A卷)—_____ will you finish writing the review of the Indian movie Dangal?
—In two days.
A. How far B. How often
C. How soon D. How longDDC【考点演练】
( )6. —____ people are there in Emma’s family？
—Three.
A. How often B. How long
C. How many D. How much
( )7. —Excuse me, Sir. ____ is it from here to the Children’s Palace？
—Well, only about five minutes’ walk.
A. How often B. How long
C. How far D. How soonCC( )8. —____ are you always staying up so late these days?
—To prepare for my final exam.
A. How B. Why
C. When D. Where
( )9. —_____ have you studied English?
— For about three years.
A. How far B. How long
C. How often D. How many
( )10. —____ any milk in the fridge?
—No. You’d better buy some.
A. Is there B. Are there
C. Has D. HaveBBA考点3 祈使句(★★☆)
【考点精讲】
表建议、命令、请求、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等的句子叫作祈使句。第二人称祈使句的肯定形式通常省略主语you而以动词原形开头, 否定形式在前面加Don’t。中考对祈使句的考查往往从其构成和答语两个方面入手。附:英语的基本句型是“主语＋谓语”。如果将主语与谓语位置调换, 则称为倒装句。倒装句的常见结构为:so / neither / nor＋be 动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语。【考题精解】
( )(2018凉山州)—Mom, can I play computer games this evening?
—____ your homework first, and then we’ll talk about it.
A. Finishing B. Finish
C. To finish D. Finished
解析 本题句意:——妈妈, 今天晚上我可以玩电脑游戏吗？——先完成你的作业, 然后我们再谈。本题考查祈使句。根据句意可知这是一个肯定祈使句, 以动词原形开头。B选项为动词原形, 故选B。其他几个选项分别为动名词、动词不定式、动词过去式, 均为错误选项。
答案 B【考题再现】
( )1. (2018恩施州)—____, or you won’t do well in your lessons.
—OK, I will.
A. Don’t work hard B. Work hard C. Hard work
( )2. (2018河南)____ everyone with politeness even those who are very rude to you, not because they are nice, but because you are.
A. Treat B. Treating C. Treated D. To treat
( )3. (2018吉林)Please ____ here earlier! We don’t want to miss the last bus to the library.
A. arrive B. to arrive C. arrivingBAA【考点演练】
( )4. I don’t know if you ____ to Mary’s party next Sunday. If you go, ____.
A. go; so will I B. will go; so will I
C. will go; so do I D. will go; so I will
( )5. As we all know, life is short but amazing. ____ it!
A. Enjoy B. To enjoy C. Enjoying D. Enjoyed
( )6. Tommy, _____ play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car.
A. do B. don’t C. must D. mustn’tBAB考点4 感叹句(★★★)
【考点精讲】
定义:感叹句指的就是用以表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。用感叹词what或how引导(此时的what / how意为“多么”), 常见句式如下:【考题精解】
( )(2018云南)—____ fast China is developing!
—Yes, we are so lucky to live in such a great country.
A. What B. What a
C. How D. How a
解析 本题句意:——中国发展真快啊！——是的, 我们生活在如此棒的国家真是幸运。本题考查感叹句。当感叹句的中心词为形容词或副词时, 感叹词用how, 故C为正确答案。
答案 C【考题再现】
( )1. (2018白银)—All of my classmates have passed the PE test.
—____ exciting the news is!
A. How B. What
C. What an D. How an
( )2. (2018兰州)—____ fine weather it is! Let’s go for a walk.
—Sounds like a great idea.
A. What B. How
C. What a D. How aAA( )3. (2018贺州)____ weather! Let’s take a trip to Jade Forest Park (玉石林).
A. What a good B. How good
C. How a good D. What good
( )4. (2018西宁)—___ big success the fashion show is!
—Yes, it’s really fantastic.
A. How B. How a
C. What D. What a
( )5. (2018无锡)The air pollution in the small town is getting worse. People have to wear thick masks almost every day. ____!
A. What a shame B. What shame
C. What a surprise D. What surpriseDDA【考点演练】
( )6. —It’s said that an American teacher will teach us English next term.
—Wow! ____! We can practice our oral English better.
A. What an excited news
B. How excited the news is
C. What an exciting news
D. How exciting the news is
( )7. —Listen! Someone is playing ____ piano.
—Wow! ____ beautiful the music is! I like it very much.
A. a; What B. the; How
C. the; What a D. /; HowDB( )8. —Laura is able to speak five languages.
—____ unusual girl she is!
A. How B. What an
C. How an D. What a
( )9. ____ interesting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer!
A. What B. What an
C. How D. How an
( )10. _____ great pictures! Who painted them?
A. How a B. What a
C. How D. WhatBCD中考真题集锦( )1. (2018白银)—Is dinner ready?
—Not ____.
A. already B. just C. yet D. ever
( )2. (2018临沂)____ popular festival Halloween is in North America!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
( )3. (2018沈阳)—____ do you brush your teeth?
—Twice or more a day.
A. How soon B. How far
C. How long D. How oftenCBD( )4. (2018乌鲁木齐)There ____ a folk music concert in Xinjiang Opera Theater next month.
A. is going to have B. will have
C. is D. is going to be
( )5. (2018宿迁)—____ fine weather it is! Shall we go hiking in the hills?
—Why not?
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
( )6. (2018贵州)Life is like a journey. ____ ahead, and you will see a lot more beautiful sceneries (风景).
A. Plan B. To plan
C. Planning D. PlansDAA( )7. (2018徐州)—I love these hair clips. ___ are they?
—They are ten yuan.
A. How many B. How much
C. How old D. How heavy
( )8. (2018宜昌)—It is reported that a kind of new smart phones can test the air quality (质量) around you.
—____ fast the technology develops!
A. What B. What a
C. How D. How aBC( )9. (2018襄阳)—China’s star skater Wu Dajing won the gold in the men’s 500 meters in Pyeong Chang Winter Olympic Games, setting a world record time of 39.584 seconds.
—____ exciting news it is! Let’s give him the thumbs-up (点赞)!
A. What B. What an
C. How D. How an
( )10. (2018龙东)Tom, ____ the umbrella with you. Look at the clouds, it’s going to rain!
A. taking B. takes C. takeAC( )11. (2018安顺)—____ fresh air it is now!
—Yes. ____ go out for a walk.
A. How; Let B. What a; Let’s
C. What; Let’s D. How; Let us
( )12. (2018上海)Please ___ the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.
A. puts B. put
C. putting D. to put
( )13. (2018海南)—____ has the 2018 World Cup been on?
—For about two weeks.
A. How soon B. How far
C. How longCBC( )14. (2018重庆A卷)____ me a chance and I’ll bring you a surprise.
A. Give B. Giving
C. Gives D. To give
( )15. (2018阜新)—People choose high-speed train or self-driving to travel on holidays.
—____ fast the traditional travel ways change!
A. What B. How
C. What a D. How aAB