重庆大学版高中英语Book3 Unit 4 Dreams语法 课件（共56张PPT）

课件56张PPT。重大版新教材
高一（3）
Unit 4 Language Focus

Language FocusWord Power
Grammar
HomeworkWORD POWER
1. Match each of the words on the left with its explanation on the right.Language Focusprefer A. society or organization for a
special purpose
2) available B. related to practical use, rather than being concerned only with theory
3) theoretical C .to make an official decision to give sth. to sb. as a prize
4) award D. personal
5) applied E. to push steadily against sth.
institute F. to choose sth. rather than sth. else;
like sth. better
7) private G. that can be used or got
8) press H. to rule (a country, etc.)
govern I. to form sth. into a single unit or
make uniform
10) unity J. concerned with the theory of a
subject2. Complete each of the follow sentences by using the proper form of a word above.
1) In Britain, the Queen reigns, but the elected representatives of the people ______ the country.govern2) A ___________study or explanation is based on the ideas and abstract principles that relate to a particular subject, rather than the practical aspects or uses of it.theoretical3) She was educated at _______schools in both London and Pairs and that’s why she can speak both English and French well.
4)The president of the university _________ a medal to the schoolgirl Caroline Brown for her bravery.privateawardedRemember to change the form if necessary.5)The meeting ended with a decision to put more money into _______ research in that field.
6) Since 1998,the amount of money _________to buy books has fallen by 17﹪.
7) England and Scotland don't have a _______legal system.appliedavailableunified8) I became a teacher because I _________ books and people to politics.
9) There was no one at the reception desk, so he _______ a bell for service.
10)The top students in the Computer Department formed an _________ devoted to computer software.preferredpressedinstitutetheoretical3.Complete the follow sentences by
choosing a word from the brackets.
A ____________ (theory/ theoretical) study or explanation is based on the ideas and abstract principles that relate to a particular subject, rather than the practical aspects or uses of it.2) _______(Physics / Physicist) is the scientific study of forces, such as heat, light, sound, pressure, gravity, and electricity, and the way that they affect objects.
3) If you do something in a __________ (science/ scientific/ scientifically ) way, you do it carefully and thoroughly, using experiments or tests.Physicsscientific4) An ________ (apply /applied /application) subject or study has a particular use, rather than being concerned only with a theory.
5) You examine a patient and then you decide whether or not ________(operate/operation/operator)appliedoperate6) ____________ (Management /Manage /Management) is the control and organizing of a business or other organization.
7) They began to recover slowly from their memory of pain and _________(suffer/suffering).Managementsuffering8) They _____________(communicate/ communication/communicative ) with each other in sign language.communicate4. Underline each of the follow phrases in the text and try to understand its meaning from the context. Then complete the following sentences with the proper form of a phrase. suffer from in return for
spell out build up instead of
be interested in be able to hear from
1) Jack is now _____________ serious trouble.
2) It took him a long time to ___________ only a few words of French.
3) I ought to give him some advice __________ money.suffering fromspell outinstead of4) I prepared a special gift for him ____________ his kindness.
5) Li Ming ___________ speak a little English when he was only five years old.
6) These industries were _________ gradually in recent years.
7) Did you ever __________ a painter named Raphael?in return forwas able tobuilt uphear of8) Stephen Hawking _______________ Physics when he was 15.was interested in主谓一致原则GrammarSubject-Verb Agreement 主谓一致原则2. 意义/概念一致原则1. 语法形式一致原则Grammar 一.语法一致原则
1. 单数主语,单个动词不定式，动名词短语以及单个句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数。
① The girl is very hardworking.
② Jack likes playing the piano.
③ To study English well is important.
④Learning English is a little difficult.
⑤Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
2. 复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
① These books are very interesting.
②They both sing well.3. 用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。
① Both she and he are teachers.
②What I think and what I do have been fairly in disagreement.
③Doing exercise and travelling are good for our health.注意：
当and连接的词表示同一个
人、事、物、概念时谓语动词用单
数形式。
The bread and butter is served for breakfast.
The bread and butter are on sale.4. 主语后紧跟as much as,as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to 等时谓语动词要与句子的主语保持一致。① Amy, as well as her good friends, is watching TV.
② physics, in addition to maths, is difficult.
③ Nobody but/except Tom and Jack is going to take part in the match .
④ Nobody but my parents knows the secret.
⑤ The teacher as well as students is excited.
⑥ The students as well as the teacher are learned to drive a car .
5. either、neither、no、each、every、many a、 more than one 后加单数名词。
any、some、no、 every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。either, neither, each单独作主语时谓语动词用单数。① Everybody is here.
② Either of the parents is important to me.
③ Many a boy has made that mistake.
④ Neither agrees with each other.6.在all of、some of、most of、part of、none of、the most of、the majority of、分数或百分数＋of+名词/代词等结构作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。
① Two-thirds of the students come from countryside.
② Ninety percent of the work has been done.
③ The rest of the money is used to buy some books.7.定语从句中的主谓一致。
⑴与先行词一致
I, who am your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you.
⑵ which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数
As is known, I am beautiful.⑶ one of +复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中谓语用单数形式。① One of the watches that are on sale is very beautiful.
② He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.8. 从句作主语时的主谓一致
⑴what 从句作主语应根据表语来决定谓语动词的单复数。
What he’d like most for a birthday present is a car.
What we badly need here are some English teachers.
⑵以who ,why, how, whether 或 that 引导的名词性从句谓语动词用单数。9. 就近一致原则
谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。
⑴ 由or, nor, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。
You or she is good at English. ⑵以here, there开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。
① Here is some bread.
②There is a pen and three pencils on the desk.二. 意义一致原则
1. 集体名词family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, team, government, the public等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。① His family are very kind.
② My family is very big.
③ The public is the best judge.
④ The public are invited to express their opinions.
⑤The team is very powerful.2. 表示时间，重量，长度，金钱，数目等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数即把主语作一个整体来看。
① 20 RMB is not enough to buy that coat.
②Three hours is enough to do the work.
③Forty miles is a long distance.
★ 如果强调过了多少时日，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Five years have passed.3. 以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题 某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。
e.g. Physics is a fundamental subject in science. 4. 其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题
英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词，如glasses, pincers, pliers, scissors, shorts, suspenders, trousers等，这类名词做主语，如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词，谓语动词通常用复数。 5. 当and连接的并列名词词组带有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。
e.g. ①Each student and each teacher has been given a task.
②Every flower and every bush is to be cut down. 6. The + adj. 原级用于指人时（ the old, the rich the poor ),谓语动词用复数形式。若指东西，抽象概念或个人时，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g.
①The young are usually active.
② The beautiful is a pleasure to all of us. 7. none作主语时谓语动词用单、复数均可，且以复数更普遍。
① None of them have/has failed.
② None have/has arrived yet.
③ None money of the money is mine.8. 有些单词如：who, most, all, the rest, half, some 等即可表示单数也可表示复数意义，谓语动词随其意义而定。9. 有些名词如：deer, sheep, means,
works, species, people等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随其含义而定。
① This glass works was built in 1978.
② East of the city are two steel works.
③ The Chinese people are brave and hard-working.
④ The Chinese people is a brave and hard-working.10. a/this/that + kind of +名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds（types) of+名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that）kind时，谓语动词用复数形式。
① The kind of apples sells well.
② Men of this kind are dangerous . 11. 主语是a large/small quantity of +名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是“large (great) quantifies of +名词（可数或不可数）”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity单复数而定。
① There is a large quantity of milk/apples on the farm

② Large quantities of water /coal/bricks are needed here.
12. a number of +名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；The number of +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。
①A number of workers are out of work.

②The number of the students in our school is eight thousand.HomeworkHe as well as I ______you.
A.Agree with? ? B. agree to ?? ?
C.agrees with ? D. am to agree
2.?Neither Bill nor his parents ______ at home.
A. is??? B. are ??
C. has??? D. was3.?Every means ______ tried but without much result.
A. has been??? B. have been???
C. are??? D. is
4.?These books each ______ too much.
A. cost??B. costed C. costs ?? D. is cost5.?The manager or his assistant ______ planning to go.
A. were??? B. are??? C. was??? D. be
6.? Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.
A. am??? B. is??? C. are??? D. was7.?All of the fruit ______ ripe.
A.looks?? B.look??
C.looked??? D.looking
8.?Where and how to find him ______ not known to us.
A. is??? B. ?are?? C. was??? D. were9.? ______ was wrong.
A. Not the teacher but the students??
B. Both the students and the teacher
C. Neither the teacher not the students???
D. Not the students but the teacher10.? “______ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”
? “I suppose so.”
A. Will be?? B. Is?? C. Are? D. Were
11.?Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.
A. are?? B. has?? C. is?? D. were12.?All that can be done ______.
A. has done???
B. has been done???
C. have done???
D. have been done
13. Half of the apples ______good.
A. is ? B. are?? ?C. was D.be14.?One or perhaps more pages _______.
A. is missing???
B. has been missed???
C. are missing???
D. was missing
15.?Three fifths of the land ______ covered by tree in this area.
A. is???? B. are???
C. has ??? D. have
Thank youThank you!