重庆大学版高中英语必修 3 unit 5 Wishes and　Ambitions语法主谓一致课件（共51张PPT）

(共51张PPT)
Grammar
Subject-Verb Agreement
beautiful
Every day ( ) so wonderful, then suddenly ( ) hard to breathe Now and then, I ( ) insecure from all the pain. ( ) so ashamed I ( ) beautiful no matter what they ( ).Words can't bring me down I ( ) beautiful in every single way Yes, words can't bring me down, oh no So, ( ) you bring me down today
is
It’s
get
I’m
am
am
say
don’t
Study the Grammar
--- Subject-Verb Agreement (Ⅲ)
1. Studying the rule
(1). Everybody has his own personality.
(2). A great number of boy students in our class enjoy playing bowling.
(3). Two thirds of the can openers in this shop were made in Shanghai.
(4). Forty percent of girls in your school like dancing and singing.
(5). None of them like classical music.
(6). Five hours is needed to finish this task.
(7). One of my friends is good at English.
(8). Neither of them is right.
(9). Six months is too short a time.
(10). Three miles was too long a distance for me to run.
Subject Verb Examples
one, everyone, each one, anyone, either, neither, …+ of +n.(pl.) singular
form 1), 7)
Expression of distance, time, money, length, and other quality words _______ form
_____________
Subject Verb Examples
None of + countable/
uncountable noun plural form/singular form (in agreement with the noun
________
fraction/percentage + of +countable/uncountable noun plural form/singular form (in agreement with the noun 3), 4)
A great number of + n. (pl.) ___________form __________
Conclusion
主谓一致
Subject-Verb Agreement
Summary
主谓一致原则
2. 意义一致原则
1. 语法一致原则
3. 就近一致原则
Grammar
一.语法一致原则
1. 单数主语,单个动词不定式，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数。
① A student is studying English.
② To see is to believe.
2. 复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。
① All the students are clever.
②They like English very much.
3. 用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。
① Both my father and my mother are farmers.
②What I think and what I do have been fairly in disagreement.
注意：
当and连接的词表示同一个
人、事、物、概念时谓语动词用单
数形式。
The poet and writer has come.
4. 主语后紧跟as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to 等时谓语动词要与句子的主语保持一致。
① Nobody but my parents ______the secret.
② The teacher as well as students __ excited.
③ The students as well as the teacher _____learned to drive a car .
knows
is
have
5. either、neither、no、each、every、many a、 more than one 后加单数名词。
any、some、no、 every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。either, neither, each单独作主语时谓语动词用单数。
is
is
has
① Everybody___ here.
② Either of the parents__ important to me.
③ Many a boy____ made that mistake.
6. 分数或百分数＋of+名词/代词作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。
① Two-thirds of the students ____ from countryside.
② Ninety percent of the work ___ been done.
come
has
7.定语从句中的主谓一致。
⑴与先行词一致
I, who am your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you.
⑵ which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数
As is known, I am beautiful.
⑶ one of +复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词 + 定语从句,从句中的谓语用单数形式。
8. 从句作主语时的主谓一致
⑴what 从句作主语应根据表语来决定谓语动词的单复数。
What he’d like most for a birthday present is a car.
What we badly need here are some English teachers.
⑵以who ,why, how, whether 或 that 引导的名词性从句谓语动词用单数。
二. 意义一致原则
1. 集体名词family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指集体中的各个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
① My family is a large one.
② My family like playing cards.
③ The public is the best judge
④ The public are invited to express their opinions.
2. 表示时间，重量，长度，金钱，数目等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数即把主语作一个整体来看。
① Three hours is enough to do the work.
② Forty miles is a long distance.
★ 如果强调过了多少时日，谓语动词要用复数形式。Five years have passed.
3. 以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题 某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时，如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。
e.g. Physics is a fundamental subject in science.
4. 其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题
英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词，如glasses, pincers, pliers, scissors, shorts, suspenders, trousers等，这类名词做主语，如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词，谓语动词通常用复数。
5. 当and连接的并列名词词组带有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。
e.g. Each student and each teacher has been given a task.
Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.
are
gives
6. The + adj. 原级用于指人时（ the old, the rich the poor ),谓语动词用复数形式。若指东西，抽象概念或个人时，谓语动词用单数形式。
e.g.
①The young ____ usually active.
② The beautiful ____ pleasure to all of us.
7. none作主语时谓语动词用单、复数均可，且以复数更普遍。
① None of them have/has failed.
② None have/has arrived yet.
③ None money of the money is mine.
8. 有些单词如：who, most, all, the rest, half, some 等即可表示单数也可表示复数意义，谓语动词随其意义而定。
9. 有些名词如：deer, sheep, means,
works, species, people等用作单数或复数均可，谓语动词随其含义而定。
① This glass works was built in 1978.
② East of the city are two steel works.
③ The Chinese people are brave and hard-working.
④ The Chinese people is a brave and hard-working.
10. a/this/that + kind of +名词（单数或复数）作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果主语是kinds（types) of+名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that）kind时，谓语动词用复数形式。
① The kind of apples ____well.
② Men of this kind ____dangerous .
sells
are
11. 主语是a large/small quantity of +名词（可数或不可数）谓语动词用单数；如果是“large (great) quantifies of +名词（可数或不可数）”时，谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity单复数而定。
① There is a large quantity of milk/apples on the farm
② Large quantities of water /coal/bricks are needed here.
12. a number of +名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；The number of +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。
①A number of workers are out of work.
②The number of the students in our school is eight thousand.
13. 两数相减或相除,谓语动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。
① Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.
② Six and eight makes/make fourteen.
三. 就近一致原则
谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。
1. 由or, nor, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语，随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。
You or she is good at English.
2. 以here, there开头的句子，谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定，如果主语不止一个，谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。
① Here is some bread.
②There is a pen and three pencils on the desk.
1. 如果主语由 “one in/one out of + 复数名词” 构成，在正式语体中，动词用单数。
e.g. One in ten students has passed the examination.
One out of twelve bottles was left open.
★★★
2.表示数量的one and a half+ 复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词一般用单数形式。
① One and a half apples is left on
the table.
② There is one and a half oranges
on the plate
Exercises
1. It is reported that many a new house ______ at present in the disaster area. (陕西 2010）
A. are being built B. were being built
C. was being built D. is being built
2. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ______ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. (湖南 2010）
A. is B. are
C. has D. have
3. Either you or one of your students ______ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.( 湖南 2009）
A. has been B. have been
C. are D. is
4. Such poets as Shakespeare ______ widely read, of whose works, however, some _______ difficult to understand.( 四川 2010）
A. are; are B. is; is
C. are; is D. is; are
5. Planning so far ahead ______ no sense- so many things will have changed by next year. (全国新课标卷 2011）
A. made B. is making
C. makes D. has made
6. -Did you go to the show last night
- Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ______ invited. (陕西 2008）
A. were B. have been
C. has been D. was
7. As you can see, the number of cars on our roads ______ rising these days. (全国卷Ⅱ 2006)
A. was keeping B. keep
C. keeps D. were keeping
8. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ______ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. (浙江 2006）
A. is B. are C. was D. were
9. The teacher together with the students ______ discussing Reading Skills that ______ newly published in America. (四川 2009）
A. are; were B. is; were
C. are; was D. is; was
10. The construction of the two new railway lines ______ by now. (陕西 2006)
A. has completed B. have completed
C. have been completed D. has been completed
11. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ______ yet. (浙江 2007)
A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided
C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided
12. A poet and artist ______ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. (江苏 2006)
A. is B. are C. was D. were
13. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night. (江西 2011)
A. broke B. had broken
C. has broken D. was breaking
14. – That must have been a long trip.
_ Yeah. It _______ us a whole week to get there. (北京 2011)
A. takes B. has taken
C. took D. was taking
15. We live day by day, but in the great things, the
time of days and weeks ______ so small that a day is unimportant. (湖南 2007)
A. is B. are
C. has been D. have been
16. The father as well as his three children _______ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. (辽宁 2006)
A. is going B. go
C. goes D. are going
Grammar
解读高考 ：
a.考纲要求：掌握 主谓一致 的原则和用法
b.考情回顾：高考对主谓一致的考查不是单一的，总是与时态，语态相结合。
Suggestion
Rewrite the lyrics of songs
Hey Jude
Physics is not so hard,
but two thirds of you think it’s harder.
Trying again and again is a good way to make it better
……
1. I know he/she loves me, but I know I love you.
2. Singing is your hobby.
3. Your glasses look good.
4. Class 3 is small, but class are kind.
5. Not only teachers, but also our school is good.