重大高中英语必修4 Unit 1 Project Hope语法课课件（共42张PPT）

课件42张PPT。Unit 1Grammarplant worldLink verb 一.Studying the rule
Read the following sentences, paying attention to the coloured words.
1) Football is my favorite sport.
2) He has been in bed for days.
3) It looks more like a tree.
4) Not all bamboo grows tall.
5) The soup smells good.
6) This place is where the hero died.
7) The hotel has become quite famous.
8) We must get ready to go.
9) The apple tasted sweet.
10) The weather has turned very well.
11) That sounds a good idea.
二.Finding the rules
三.Kinds of link verb：
1. 最常用连系动词：be(am; is/was; are/were)。
2. 表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run
3. 所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; taste; smell; feel。
4. 表状态的系动词：keep; stay; remain;（依然是；保持）
5. 表像系动词：seem; appear。
6. 终止系动词：prove; turn out。 四.Correction and find the rules:
1). Your hand is feeling cold.
2). The apple is tasted good.

3). The apple tastes by me.
4). It looks like as if we are going to have snow.
5). There is appeared to be only one room.
6). Two years later,he became teacher.
Your hand feels cold.
The apple tastes good.The apple is tasted by me.
It looks as if we are going to have snow.
There appeared to be only one room.
Two years later, he became a teacher. ? 7). Two years later, he turned a teacher.
8). The food has become bad.

9). He seemed to catch a cold.

10).It seemed that he have caught a cold.

11). When father came in, Tom seemed to eat something.
Two years later,he turned teacher.
The food has gone bad.He seemed to have caught a cold.It seemed that he had caught a cold. When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something.
When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something.
五.Rules:
1． 一般地说，系动词无进行时态，无被动语态，一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式，但表变化的这类系动词除外，它们有各种时态变化。
It is becoming colder and colder.
2. 英语中某动词在作系动词用时，无被动语态，而作实义动词用时，有被动语态，二者不可混为一谈。
3．系动词能接几种表语（从句）
①能接as? if/as though表语从句的系动词有：look(看起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),feel(觉得),appear(显得),seem(似乎).
②可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有：seem, appear
?③能用不定式作表语的系动词有：be, seem, , look, appear, prove, grow.
④能与there连用的系动词有：be, appear, seem.
⑤turn后接表职业的名词时不用冠词。
⑥go表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。
⑦表像系动词：seem; appear。这两个动词有一个共同的特点，即如果要表达时态的变化，需要后接不定时来完成。
六.Go over : Why do we make such changes?
1). Your hand is feeling cold.
Your hand feels cold.
2). The apple is tasted good.
The apple tastes good.
3). The apple tastes by me.
The apple is tasted by me.
4). It looks like as if we are going to have snow.
It looks as if we are going to have snow.
5). There is appeared to be only one room.
There appeared to be only one room.
6). Two years later,he became teacher.
Two years later, he became a teacher. ? 7). Two years later, he turned a teacher.
Two years later,he turned teacher.
8). The food has become bad.
The food has gone bad.
9). He seemed to catch a cold.
He seemed to have caught a cold.
It seemed that he had caught a cold.
10). When father came in, Tom seemed to eat something.
When Father came in, Tom seemed to be eating something.
When Father came in, it seemed that Tom was eating something.
七. Exercise
1.The story sounds_________________?? A. to be true? B. as true? C. being true? D. true2.Those oranges taste__________?? A. good?? B. well?? C. to be good? D. to be well3.---Are you feeling___________?????? ---Yes, I’m fine now?? A. any? well???? B. any better??
? C. quite? good???? D. quite better4.----Can I join the club, Dad.?????? ----You can when you _________a bit older. ?? A. get?? B. will? get? C. gets? D. will have got 5.---Do you like the material????? ----Yes, it _______very soft. ?? A. is feeling? B. felt?? C. feels? D. is felt 6.I love to go to the seaside on Summer. It_____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. ?? A. does?? B. feels?? C. gets? D. makes 7.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _______ by the hour. ?? A. pay?? B. paying? C. paid? D. to pay 8.Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ fresh for several days. ?? A. be stayed B. stay?
C. be staying? D. have stayed
9.What you have said_______.?? A．is sounded interesting?
B．sounds interesting??
C．sound interested??
D．listens interested10.The class begins. Please keep________.?? A．Silent B．silence?
C．the silence? D．silently11.Look! Several people in the crowd seemed_______.?? A．to be fighting??? B．to have fought??
C．being fought???? D．having fought 12.How _____the song she sings sounds! I have never ______a better voice.
A.beautifully, sounded?? B.beautiful, sounded??
C．sweet, listened to??? D．sweet, heard
13.Her feeling about the marriage ______rather strange.?? A．is looked???? ? B．is seemed?
C．seems?????? D．is appeared?14.The new shirt______ right.?? A．doesn’t feel???? B．isn’t felt??
C．isn’t feeling???? D．doesn’t touch 15.How happy it_______ for me to be home again after twenty years abroad!?? A．gives?? B．feels? C．is felt? D．is given Passive Voice一.Lead-in:The Active Voice & the Passive Voice The window
was broken
by….You broke
the window. We may sometimes
express the same idea
in different ways.Tips trying to avoid mentioning the person of the action.二.Read the sentences and find the rules．1. People all over the world know the Great Wall.
The Great Wall is known by people all over the world.
2. He sends newspapers every day．
Newspapers are sent by him every day．
3. The policeman caught the thief last night．
The thief was caught last night．4. The dog had bitten off his fingers．
His fingers had been bitten off by the dog．
5. The man is repairing the fridge at the moment.
The fridge is being repaired by the man at the
moment．
6. You must finish your homework first．
Your homework must be finished first． 三.Rules and Structure

Rules: The subject of the passive voice is the object of the active voice.
Structure:The general structure of the passive voice is: subject+ + . bedoneSimple presentSimple pastSimple futurePresent continuousPresent pastModal verb builtam/is/are builtbuild/buildswas/were builtwill build am/is/are buildinghas/have builtcan buildwill be builtam/is/are being builthas/have been builtcan be builtTenseThe active voiceThe passive voice四.Fill in the forms.Fill in the blanks following the above examples.1) We speak Chinese．
Chinese _____________ by us．
2) The movie surprised them．
They __________________ by the movie．
3) The little boy broke the window．
The window _______________by the little boy．
4) The farmers are watering the vegetables．
The vegetables ______________________________．is spokenwere surprisedwas brokenare being watered by the farmers五.Practice5) We can grow it anywhere．
It __________________ anywhere．
6) You should invite Sam to your birthday party.
Sam ______________ to your birthday party.
7) They treated him very well．
He _____________________________.
8) They are destroying the forests in Indonesia.
The forests _________________________．can be grown by usshould be invitedwas treated by them very wellin Indonesia are being destroyed9) They didn't punish him for what he had done.
He ________________________________________
10) That living word awakened my soul.
___________________________________________
11) Steven Spielberg directed movie．
___________________________________________
12) Susan was cleaning the kitchen and the bedroom.
__________________________________________
__________________________________________wasn’t punished by them for what he had done． My soul was awakened by that living word．The movie was directed by Steven Spielberg．The kitchen and the bedroom were being cleaned by Susan．六.Learn new words and expressions:
the passive voice
avoid
mention
the active voice
fridge
subject
object
invite
destroy
forest
punish 被动语态
避免
提到；说起
主动语态
冰箱
主语;学科;主题
宾语;物体;反对v.(to)
邀请
破坏；毁坏
森林
处罚；惩罚subjective adj. 主观的objective adj. 客观的 七.哪些情况中使用被动语态
1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者（这时可省 by 短语）
　 My bike was stolen last night.
　2. 突出动作的执行者
　I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
　3. 为了更好地安排句子
　The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了）4. 为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者
或说话者自己时使用被动语态
You’ve been told many times not to make the same mistake.??
The control room may not be entered without permission.??
5. 科技文献或新闻报道中为了体现客观性?
The west-east gas pipeline project was kicked off on July 4, a big event in the nation’s west development campaign.??八.Are there any mistakes in the following sentences? If there are, try to corret them.1)The lights were gone out one after another．
The lights went out one after another．
2)Such things will never be happened again．
Such things will never happen again．
3)The food is tasted delicious．
The food is／tastes delicious．
4)That piece of pop music is sounded beautiful．
That piece of pop music is／sounds beautiful.
5)The room was entered and his book was got．
He entered the room and got his book．6)Her hand was bad injured．
Her hand was badly injured．
7)Fire was broke out in the capital building．
Fire broke out in the capital building．
8)The sun had already been risen when he got up．
The sun had already risen when he got up．
9)After the earthquake, few houses were remained．
After the earthquake, few houses remained．
10)This house is owned by Mr. Smith．
Mr. Smith is the owner of the house．/Mr. Smith owns the house． 九.注意事项
1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：
last, have, own,lack,enter, ….. belong to, break out, consist of, take place …
2.不及物动词没有被动语态：
happen, appear, reach, rise, succeed, leave,lie …
3.系动词没有被动语态：
look, feel, sound, smell, taste,seem …
The dish tastes good.4.有些词组没有被动语态：
sell well, write well, ride well, drive well, read, wear, weigh, wash,prove…
This kind of skirt sells well.
5. need(want, require)表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .
All the computers need repairing .
= All the computers need to be repaired.
6.在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示
被动意义。
The problem is too difficult to solve. 7.see/watch/notice/ observe/hear/ feel/make sb. do 变被动时，加上to
make sb.do→sb be made to do I saw him go upstairs.
He was seen to go upstairs.十. Go over: Why do we make such changes?1)The lights were gone out one after another．
The lights went out one after another．
2)Such things will never be happened again．
Such things will never happen again．
3)The food is tasted delicious．
The food is／tastes delicious．
4)That piece of pop music is sounded beautiful．
That piece of pop music is／sounds beautiful.
5)The room was entered and his book was got．
He entered the room and got his book．6)Her hand was bad injured．
Her hand was badly injured．
7)Fire was broke out in the capital building．
Fire broke out in the capital building．
8)The sun had already been risen when he got up．
The sun had already risen when he got up．
9)After the earthquake, few houses were remained．
After the earthquake, few houses remained．
10)This house is owned by Mr. Smith．
Mr. Smith is the owner of the house．/Mr. Smith owns the house．
11) The desk needs being repaired
The desk needs repairing
The desk needs to be repaired.?1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout
to be heard even at dinner． ?? A. are not kept；will have to?? B. are not kept；have??? ? C. do not keep；will have to??? ? D. do not keep；have to? ??2. The fifth generation computers, ____and perfected now. ? A. developed B. have developed ? C. are being developed D. will have been developed?3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off． ??? --- Yes，it all depends on the weather． ?? ?A. I've been told ?? B. I've told ?C. I'm told ??? D. I told ACA十一.Choose the best answers.4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___. ? A. has completed ?? B. completes ? C. has been completed ?D. is completed ?5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will
disappear from the earth in the near future. ? A. cut ???? B. are cut C. are being cut ??? D. had been cut ?6. The new bridge ___ by the end of last month.? ? A. has been designed??????? B. had been designed ? C. was designed ?? D. would be designed7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water, it looks as if
it ____.? ? A. breaks ??? ? B. has broken ? C. were broken???????????? ?D. had been broken ?DCBC8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.?? ? A. have been taken place; have been set up ? B. have taken place; have been set up? C. have taken place; have set up? ? D. were taken place; were set up?9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.?? ? A. had costed? B. costed C. is costed D. cost?10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction. ? ????? --- What’s the pretty small house that __ for?? A. is being built ?? B. has been built ? C. is built ?? ? D. is building ?11.--- Do you like the cloth?????? --- Yes, it ___ very soft. ? A. is feeling ? B. felt ? C. feels D. is felt BDAC12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese． ? A. write ??? B. to write ? C. to be written? ? ? D. written ?13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you． ? A. to type????? ?? B. typing ? C. to be typed? ?? D. typed?14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt,
for it __ easily. ? A. won’t wash out ? B. won’t be washed out ? C. isn’t washed out ? D. isn’t washing out?15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because
the lights happened to ___. ? A. be put up ? ? B. give in ? C. be turned on ?? D. go outBCAD16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.? ? A. belongs ??? B. are belonged to ? C. belongs to ?? D. belong to?17. --- What do you think of the book????????---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.? ? A. to read ? B. to be read C. reading D. being read?18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.? ? A. catching ?? B. to be caught ? C. being caught ?? D. to catch? ??19. This page needed ___ again.?? A. being checked ? B. checked ? C. to check ? D. to be checked ?20. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do it.
A. Having taught ? B. Having been taught ? C. taught ??? D. Teaching? DCCDB 十二.被动语态与系表结构的区别
　当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示主语的特点或所处的状态时，be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：
　1. 如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。
　The glass is broken. （系表结构）
　The glass was broken by the boy. （被动语态）　2. 如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
　The door is locked. （系表结构）
　The door has already/just been locked.（被动语态）
　3. 被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
　The machine is being repaired.