广东省深圳市2019年中考英语题型专练：语法填空

广东省深圳市2019年中考英语题型专练：语法填空
一、语法填空（共10题）
1.阅读下列短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
??? My father died when I was five. My brother, who is eight years ________ (old) than me, began to take my father's place to look ________ me.
??? Because of my father's ________ (die), my mother had to get a full-time job. My brother took on more responsibilities than what was expected for ________ (he). He got up early and woke me up for school every morning.
??? While I ________ (eat) breakfast, he would lay out my clothes ________ make my bed. As we waited for the school bus, he would play games my father used to play with me. He did his best ________ (make) me happy, and he succeeded every time.
??? It was a Saturday in June some years later. MY mother and I were at the store. The sellers were selling Father's Day cards. I stared at the cards. My mum said. "Honey, I know this is ________ hard time for you." I said, "No, Mum. That's not it. ________ don't they sell Brother's Day cards?" She smiled and said, "You're right. Your brother has ________ (certain) been a father to you. Go ahead and pick out a card for your brother."
??? So I did, and on Father's Day, my mother and I made my brother sit down and gave him the card. As he read it, I saw tears in his eyes.
2.阅读下列短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
??? A few weeks ago, I visited Sydney, a perfect place to surf. I knew I couldn't leave it without going surfing ________ (I). I booked a group surf lesson when I was in Byron Bay. Byron Bay is ________ really popular place for professional surfers to go!
??? We first were asked to learn how to read the sea conditions and ________ to expect in the water. Then we did a warm-up by ________ (run) along the beach. Next, it ________ (be) time to learn how to stand on the surfboard. We did it on the sand. After a lot of practice, we were ready to go out into the sea ________ try it out on the water. I have to say, surfing is much ________ (hard) than it looks. When you watch people from the beach, they make it look so easy! I failed many ________ (time) to stand up. Then one of the coaches came to help me and held my board steady (平稳的).
??? Finally I learnt how to do that and by the end of the lesson I had managed to "walk on water". It was an ________ (amaze) feeling and I felt so proud ________ myself!
3.阅读下列短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
??? Winter is cold in some places. Many plants do not grow during the winter. Some plants even die. Snow and ice may cover the ground, ________ it can be hard for animals to find food during the winter. Animals get through the time ________ many ways.
??? Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them leave ________ (they) homes for somewhere warm. Then they come home next spring. We call this migration, which is ________ good way to avoid the cold.
??? Another good way to avoid the cold is ________ (sleep) through it. Many animals hide and sleep during the winter. They slow down and use very little energy. They do not eat and they live off their fat (脂肪). They do this until food ________ (return). We call this hibernation. Snakes, frogs and bears hibernate.
??? Some animals store food in their homes. They live on ________ they stored in the summer and fall. This is what squirrels do.
??? Other ________ (animal) tough it out (挺过去). They neither leave ________ hide. Some of them grow ________ (thick) coats in the winter than other time. Some of them change colour. The Arctic fox is brown in the summer and White in the winter.
4.阅读下列短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
??? Years ago, I lived in a building in a town. There was another building across from ________ (I), and it was only a few metres away. There lived a woman whom I had never met. I could see her sit by the window each afternoon, drinking or reading.
??? Several months later, I noticed her window was very dirty. Everything was not clear through the window. I wondered ________ the woman didn't wash her window.
??? One ________ (sun) morning, I decided ________ (clean) up my apartment, including ________ (wash) my windows. Late in the afternoon when I finished cleaning, I sat down for a rest by the window. What ________ surprise! The woman sitting by her window was clearly ________ (see)! Her window was clean! ________ (Sudden), I realized I had made a mistake. I have watched her through my dirty window all the time.
??? That was quite an important lesson for me. Since then, whenever I wanted to judge someone, I asked myself ________ (one), "Am I looking ________ him through the dirty window of my heart?" Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world clearly.
5.阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
??? The Father's Day is a day for fathers. The idea for the Father's Day ________ (start) in 1909. A woman named Sonora Dodd thought about ________ (have) a Father's Day while she was listening to ________ Mother's Day speech at church. She wanted ________ (give) her father, William Smart, a special day.
??? Mr Smart's wife died while she was giving birth ________ their sixth child. He raised the baby and his other five children on a farm.
??? When Sonora Dodd became an adult, she understood ________ kind and loving her father was while he was raising his six children alone. She believed her father worked very hard to make sure his children were ________ (health) and strong.
??? The first Father's Day celebration was held ________ 19 June. 1910. Since then, the ________ (three) Sunday in June became a national Father's Day in America. In early times, people wore red roses to show respect for fathers ________ were still living and white flowers for fathers that had passed away. Today, Americans celebrate Father's Day in many different ways. No matter how the holiday is celebrated, the idea is for children to let their father know that he is loved.
6.阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确
??? A growing number of "silent cafes" appear across Japan. People can't talk in the cafe. They can write down what they need on the pad to communicate ________ the cafe workers. This kind of cafes meets the need of people ________ like to be alone for a while.
??? Chihiro, a 23-year-old nurse, is one of the big fans of silent cafes. "It's a pleasure to sit somewhere quietly by ________ (I)," she said. "I work as a nurse and life is so busy that sometimes I just want to escape." She continued, "This is ________ amazing place ________ (help) me find some peace. I feel ________ (comfort) here."
??? Taiki Watanabe, the owner of a silent cafe, used to work in another cafe. "I really like the idea of ________ (open) a silent cafe. Now I enjoy working in ________ (silent) all me time." Mr Watanabe added, "You cannot speak in my café. If you need to make an order, there are pads to write on. Most people come ________ their own and read a book, work, write or enjoy a hobby. Few of them even do nothing. It's a way for people to forget their daily tasks. Everyone ________ (be) happy with the quiet environment in the café."
7.阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
?? ?This is a true story. One evening, a woman drove home when she saw a truck close behind hers. She drove ________(quickly) to be far away from the truck, ________?when she sped up(加速), the truck did too. The faster she drove, the faster the truck drove. The woman felt afraid, so she drove to a main street, hoping to lose the truck in the traffic. But the truck jumped a red light and went on? ________(run) after hers.
?? ?________(final) the woman drove her car into a service station and got out of her car shouting ________?help.? The truck driver didn't leave. Instead he went ________?of his truck and ran to her car.? He opened the back door, and pulled out a man hidden in the back ________(seat). ________??woman was safe at last.
?? ?From the place where the woman stopped the car, the driver ________?(find) a criminal in the woman's car. The driver drove after not to harm her but ________?(help) her.
8.阅读下列短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
??? Why do people wear clothes? "To make me warm and to cover my body" will ________ (probable) be the answer. That's why people wear clothes, but people also want to look attractive and appear ________ (success) to others.
??? If people only wore clothes for warmth and to cover their bodies, most clothes would be simple and cheap. In many countries, ________, clothes are sometimes very expensive. The main reason for that ________ (be) not the cost of the materials or the cost of ________ (make) clothes. The clothes are expensive because they are fashionable.
??? Successful businessmen, for example, often wear very expensive suits, shirts and ties. Sometimes they pay thousands of dollars ________ a suit and several hundred dollars for ________ tie. It's still just a suit and a tie, but they pay these prices because of the famous designer.
??? Fashion is changing. It means that people ________ want to be fashionable have to buy new clothes every few months, even if last ________ (month) clothes have been worn only once or ________ (two). Some people have wardrobes (衣柜) full of clothes, but some of these clothes have never been worn. These clothes are no longer in fashion though they are still new.
9.阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
?? ?Armie, Martin, Nora and William were camping out with their parents. They would be living in the cabin by the lake ________?three days, and the children were very excited.
?? ?When they got to the lake, they were amazed(惊讶的) at the ________(beautiful) of the lake. The cabin stood in the middle of the trees. It ________(make) of wood and looked so beautiful. When their parents took things out of the car, the children ran down to the water. They saw a swan and her babies________(swim) to the other side of the lake. Once their parents joined them, they were allowed to get into the water, and they swam ________?(happy) for a long time, until they became hungry and tired. Their rooms were small, ________?their beds were very comfortable. The children slept ________(good) through the night.
?? ?The next morning, they woke to the sound of birds. They ________(run) to the window to have a look.? Birds of all shapes and sizes were flying around busily, looking for their breakfast. The children were happy during their camp and they made their parents ________(agree) that they would return the next year, ________?the cabin by the lake.
10.语法填空
?? ?People have different ways of greeting each other. They might shake ________??(hand), kiss or hug. But do you ever wonder ________dogs say hello?
?? ?If you are a dog lover, you may know the answer ________?this question.? When you arrive home, your dog ________?(jump) up into your lap. It wags its tail, and sometimes gives you wet kisses.
?? ?Like humans, dogs have five senses: smell, touch, sight, hearing and taste. Humans use sight as the main sense for ________?(recognize) one another. But dogs have poor eyesight. They use smell to recognize others. A dog's sense of smell is much ________?(good) than a human's. It is its sense of smell that tells the ________?(different) between different people.
?? ?Smell ________?(use) by dogs to recognize other dogs too. They tell ________??differences by the smell of pee. When two dogs meet, they smell each other's noses.? Then they go side to side, and smell each other's butts. ________?smelling its friend's behind, a dog knows who it is with.
??? That is also why dogs smell everything they can on the road. By smelling grass, trees and signposts, dogs know which other neighborhood dogs have been around.

答案解析部分
一、语法填空
1.older；after；death；him；was eating；and；to make；a；Why；certainly
解：【分析】主要讲了作者的爸爸去世后，哥哥充当了爸爸的角色，作者在父亲节时给了哥哥一张卡片。（1）句意：我的比我大八岁哥哥替代爸爸的位置来照顾我。than是比较级标志词，old的比较级是older，look after照顾，固定搭配，故填older，after。（2）句意：因为爸爸的死，我妈妈不得不做全职工作。father's后面用名词，die，死亡，实义动词，名词是death，故填death。（3）句意：我的哥哥承担比对他期望的更多的责任。for是介词，后面用he的宾语him，故填him。（4）句意：当我正在吃饭时他总是收拾我的衣服并且给我铺床。while引导的时间状语从句，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。主语是I，所以用was eating。lay out my clothes和made my bed表示并列，所以用and连接，故填was eating，and。（5）句意：他尽最大努力让我开心。do one's best to do尽某人最大努力做某事，故填to make。（6）句意：我知道对你来说这是一个困难的时候。time意思是时候，可数名词单数，hard以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。（7）句意：为什么他们不卖哥哥节的卡片呢？why don't+主语+do sth.为什么某人不做某事，故填Why。（8）句意：对你来说你的哥哥已经无疑是你的爸爸。be是动词，所以用副词，certain的副词是certainly，故填certainly。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
2. myself；a；what；running；was；and；harder；times；amazing；of
解：【分析】主要讲了作者去悉尼度假时学习海上冲浪。 （1）句意：我知道我没有亲自冲浪不能离开。根据句意可知是自己冲浪，所以用I 的反身代词myself，故填myself。 （2）句意： 拜伦湾是对于专业冲浪者来说一个非常受欢迎的地方。place是单数名词，前面用a/an，really以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。 （3）句意：首先我们要求要学习怎样读大海状况，并且知道在水里能发现什么。根据句意可知是水里的东西，对物提问用what，故填what。 （4）句意：然后我们通过沿着沙滩跑来做热身。by是介词，后面用动词ing，run的ing是running，故填running。 （5）句意：接着到了学习怎样站在冲浪板上的时间了。时态是一般过去时，主语是it，所以用was，故填was。 （6）句意：我们准备好出海并且在水上尝试。go out into the sea和try it表示并列，所以用and，故填and。 （7）句意：冲浪比它看起来难许多。than是比较级的标志词，hard的比较级是harder，故填harder。 （8）句意：我失败许多次没有站起来。time是次数的意思，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，故填times。 （9）句意：它是一种令人惊讶的感觉。feeling是名词，所以前面用形容词，amaze的形容词是amazing，故填amazing。 （10）句意：我为我自己感到自豪。feel proud of sb.为某人感到自豪，故填of。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3. so；in；their；a；to sleep；returns；what；animals；nor；thicker
解：【分析】主要讲了动物在冬天是怎样过冬的。 （1）句意：所以在冬天期间对于动物来说找到食物是困难的。根据前句Snow and ice may cover the ground雪和冰覆盖着大地，所以动物寻找食物是困难的，表示结果，所以用so，故填so。 （2）句意：动物用许多方式度过这个时期。in many ways用许多方式，故填in。 （3）句意：它们中的许多离开它们的家去温暖的地方。homes是名词，前面用形容词修物主代词修饰，they的形容词修物主代词是their，故填their。 （4）句意：我们称这个为迁徙——一种避免寒冷的好方式。way是单数，前面用a/an，good以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。 （5）句意：避免严寒过冬的另一个好方式是睡觉。be to do，to do不定式做表语，故填to sleep。 （6）句意：它们做这个直到食物回来。food是不可数名词，时态是一般现在时，所以return用单三returns，故填returns。 （7）句意：它们以它们在夏天和秋天贮存的食物为生。根据on可知后面是宾语从句，句子缺少stored的宾语，指物，所以用what，故填what。 （8）句意：其他动物挺过去。other+可数名词复数，所以用animals，故填animals。 （9）句意：它们也不离开也不藏起来。neither...nor...，故填nor。 （10）句意：它们中的一些在冬天比其他时候长着更厚的外套。than是比较级标志词，thick的比较级是thicker，故填thicker。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
4. mine；why；sunny；to clean；washing；a；seen；Suddenly；first；at
解：【分析】主要讲了作者以为对面女士的窗户是脏的，结果最后发现是自己家的窗户脏，告诉我们应该用自己干净的“窗户”看世界。 （1）句意：在我的对面有另一个建筑物。根据句意可知是我的建筑物对面，空格后面没有名词，所以用I的名词性物主代词mine，故填mine。 （2）句意：我想知道为什么那个女士不擦窗户？根据句意可知作者想知道为什么，故填why。 （3）句意：一个晴朗的早上我决定打扫我的公寓。morning是名词，前面用形容词修饰，sun的形容词是sunny；decide to do sth.决定做某事，所以用to clean，故填sunny，to clean。 （4）句意：包括擦窗户。including是介词，后面用动词ing，故填washing。 （5）句意：真奇怪啊！what引导的感叹句结构是What+a/an+可数名词单数，surprise是单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。 （6）句意：坐在窗户边的这个女士被清楚地看见了。woman是动作see的承受者，所以用被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，see的过去分词是seen，故填seen。 （7）句意：突然，我意识到我犯错了。suddenly，突然地，副词，位于句首首字母大写，故填Suddenly。 （8）句意：我首先问问自己。根据句意可知是先问问自己，one的序数词是first，首先，故填first。 （9）句意：我在用我脏的心灵窗户看他吗？look at看，故填at。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
5. started；having；a；to give；to；how；healthy；on；third；who／that
解：【分析】本文叙述了父亲节的历史和文化习俗。父亲节是6月的第三个星期天。在这一天，父亲经常收到礼物。在这一天，父亲经常收到礼物。父亲节起源于美国。在1910年6月，人们在华盛顿庆祝了第一个父亲节。 （1）句意：父亲节的想法开始于1909年。有in1909，过去的时间状语，动词要用过去式，start的过去式started，故填started。 （2）句意：一位名叫索诺拉·多德的妇女在教堂听3个母亲节的演讲时，想到了父亲节。think about思考，about是介词，接动词要用动词ing形式（动名词），have的动名词，having，故填having。 （3）句意：一位名叫索诺拉·多德的妇女在教堂听3个母亲节的演讲时，想到了父亲节。speech演讲，可数名词单数，其前要用不定冠词，其后的名词是以辅音开头，要用不定冠词a，故填a。 （4）句意：她想给她父亲威廉斯马特一个特别的日子。want to do sth.想做某事。故填to give。 （5）句意：斯马特先生的妻子在生第六个孩子的时候去世了。give birth to，生产，固定短语。故填to。 （6）句意：索诺拉·多德长大成人后，她明白了父亲独自抚养六个孩子时，他是多么的善良和爱他。understand懂得，及物动词，从句子结构可知，要接宾语从句，连接词修饰形容词kind and loving，要用副词，how，故填how。 （7）句意：她相信她的父亲非常努力地工作，以确保他的孩子们健康和强壮。were连系动词，句末有的形容词strong和连词and，可知并列的形容词作表语，health的形容词healthy，故填healthy。 （8）句意：第一个父亲节庆祝活动于1910年6月19日举行。在有日期的时间前要用介词on，故填on。 （9）句意：从那时起，6月份的第三个星期日成为美国全国的父亲节。空格前有定冠词the，Sunday名词，单数，此处要用序数词，three的序数词third，故填third。 （10）句意：在早期，人们戴着红玫瑰来表示对仍然活着父亲的尊敬，而戴白花则是为了那些逝去的父亲。从句子结构可知，定语从句的先行词fathers，指人，在从句中做主语，要用关系代词who/that，故填 who／that 。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后根据句子的语法结构，确定所需要的词性，然后根据所给的词进行适当的变形，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
6. with；who／that；myself；an；to help；comfortable；opening；silence；on；is
解：【分析】本文主要介绍了日本的沉默咖啡馆，它满足了一些想独处的人们的需求。 （1）句意：他们能把他们需要的写在便签本上目的是和咖啡馆工作人员交流。communicate with sb.和某人交流，故答案为with。 （2）句意：这种咖啡馆满足了喜欢孤独一会的人们的需求。定语从句先行词是people，指人，并且做主语，所以关系词用who/that，故答案为who/that。 （3）句意：我独自安静地坐在某个地方是一件令人愉悦的事情。by oneself独自，这句话是Chihiro在说自己，所以反身代词用myself，故答案为myself。 （4）句意：这是一个帮助我找到安静的惊人的地方。place是可数名词单数，所以前面需要冠词a/an，amazing以元音音素开头，故用an。故答案为an。 （5）句意：这是一个帮助我找到安静的惊人的地方。place是名词，to do不定式放在名词后面做定语，一个可以做……的地方，故答案为to help。 （6）句意：我在这里感到舒适。feel是系动词，后面用形容词，comfort是动词，其形容词是comfortable，故答案为comfortable。 （7）句意：我真的喜欢开沉默咖啡馆的理念。of是介词，后面用动词ing形式，故答案为opening。 （8）句意：现在我喜欢一直沉默地工作。in silence沉默，固定搭配，故答案为silence。 （9）句意：大部分人独自来，并且读书、工作、写作、或者享受一种爱好。on one's own独自，是固定短语，故答案为on。 （10）句意：每个人满足在咖啡馆里安静的环境。根据全文可知时态是一般现在时，everyone做主语，谓语动词用单数，be动词的单数是is，故答案为is。 【点评】考查语法填空，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据所给词或语境，确定所缺词的词形，确保文章通顺、完整。
7. more quickly；but；running；Finally；for；out；seat；The；found；to help
解：【分析】文章大意：一天晚上 一位女士开车回家，而另一辆车一直尾随她，最后他才明白，他的车里有一个罪犯，另外的这辆车是想帮助她。 （1）句意：为了远离那辆卡车，她迅速的开走了。drove是动词，需要副词修饰，quickly是副词，可直接使用，故答案是more quickly。 （2）句意：但是，当她加速的时候，卡车也加速。根据 She drove?1(quickly) to be far away from the truck 可知她要摆脱卡车。又根据 when she sped up(加速), the truck did too.?可知她加速，卡车也加速，摆脱不掉，因此使用表示转折意义的词。故答案是but。 （3）句意：但是，卡车闯了红灯，继续在她后面跑。go on doing sth.继续做某事。后接动名词。故答案是running。 （4）句意：最后，这位妇女把车开进了一个服务区。“final”是修饰整个后面的句子的，应使用副词，final的副词形式是finally。故答案Finally。 （5）句意：从车里出来大声求助，shout for help，固定搭配，大声求助。故答案是for。 （6）句意：卡车司机没有离开，相反，他从卡车里下来跑向她的车，go out of固定搭配，从……出来。故答案是out。 （7）句意：他打开了门，从后座上拉出来一个男的。根据a man可知seat使用单数。故答案是seat。 （8）句意：妇女终于安全了，woman指的是前文提到的，再次出现应使用定冠词the。故答案是The。 （9）句意：从妇女停车的地方，卡车司机在妇女的车里找到了一名罪犯，本文的基本时态是一般过去时，因此要使用find的过去式found。故答案是found。 （10）句意：卡车司机在后面跟着她不是为了伤害她而是为了帮助她。but是表示转折关系的并列连词，前面使用了动词不定式，后面也应使用动词不定式。故答案是to help。
【点评】考查语法填空，想跳过空格通读全文，然后根据语法、句法、固定搭配和语境完成答案，再读全文核实并订正答案。
8. probably；successful；however；is；making；for；a；who／that；month's；twice
解：【分析】主要讲了人们为什么穿衣服。 （1）句意：取暖和掩盖身体将很可能是答案。be是动词，所以用副词修饰，probable的副词是probably，故填probably。 （2）句意：但是人们也想比别人看起来有吸引力和显得成功。appear是系动词，后面用形容词，success的形容词是successful，故填successful。 （3）句意：然而，衣服有时是非常贵的。根据前句可知讲的是衣服是便宜点，前后句表示转折，并且标点符号是逗号，所以用however，故填however。 （4）句意：那个的主要原因不是材料的花费或者做衣服的花费。主语reason是单数，时态是一般现在时，所以be用is。of是介词，后面用动词ing形式，make的ing形式是making，故填is，making。 （5）句意：有时他们花费数千美元买一件西服和几百美元买一条领带。pay...for，为......支付......，tie是单数，以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填for，a。 （6）句意：它意味着想变得时尚的人不得不每几个月买新衣服。根据可以可知后面是定语从句，先行词是people，表示人，并且在定语从句中做主语，所以用who或者that，故填who/that。 （7）句意：尽管上个月的衣服已经仅仅烂了一次或者两次。month是名词，clothes也是名词，所以前一个名词变为名词所有格，即month's。once一次，所以two用twice两次，故填month's，twice。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
9. for；beauty；was made；swim/swimming；happily；but；well；ran；agree；to
解：【分析】主要讲了Armie、Martin、Nora、William和他们的父母在湖边野营。 （1）句意：他们将一直住在湖边的小木屋里三天。for+时间段，three days是时间段，故填for。 （2）句意：他们对湖的美景感到惊讶。the后面用名词，beautiful的名词是beauty，故填beauty。 （3）句意：它是由木头制成的。it代指木屋，是动作make的承受者，所以用被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，时态是一般过去时，主语it是单数，所以be用was，make的过去分词是made，故填was made。 （4）句意：他们看见一只天鹅和它们的孩子游向湖的另一边。see.../dodoing看见......正在做某事，所以swim用swimming，故填swim/swimming。 （5）句意：它们愉快地游了很长时间。副词修饰实义动词，swam是实义动词，所以用happy的副词happily，故填happily。 （6）句意：但是他们的床是非常舒服的。根据前句可知房间是小的，但是床舒服，所以用but表示转折，故填but。 （7）句意：那晚孩子们睡得好。副词修饰实义动词，slept是实义动词，所以用good的副词well，故填well。 （8）句意：他们跑向窗户看看。时态是一般过去时，所以用run的过去式ran，故填ran。 （9）句意：他们让父母同意明年他们再来这个湖边的小木屋。make sb. do sh.让某人做某事，所以agree用原形；return to+地点名词，表示返回到……，故填agree，to。
【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
10. hands；how；to；jumps；recognizing；better；differences；is used；the；By
解：【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了打招呼的方式。 （1）句意：他们可能握手、接吻或者拥抱。握手shake hands，固定搭配。故答案是hands。 （2）句意：但是你曾经想过狗如何打招呼吗？如何how。故答案是how。 （3）句意：如果你喜欢狗的人，你可能知道问题的答案。“……的答案”the answer to…，固定搭配，故答案是to。 （4）句意：当你到家的时候，你的狗会跳到你的膝盖中间。根据 When you arrive home 可知句子是一般现在时，因为dog是单数，动词使用三单形式。故答案是jumps。 （5）句意：人类使用视力作主要感觉来分辨别彼此。for是介词，介词后的动词使用ing形式，故答案是recognizing。 （6）句意：狗的嗅觉比人类的好得多。根据连词than可知，应使用形容词的比较级，good比较级是better。故答案是better。 （7）句意：就是告诉两人之间不同的嗅觉。定冠词the之后应使用名词，different的名词形式是difference，此处应使用复数形式，故答案是differences。 （8）句意：狗使用嗅觉来认识其他的狗。根据by dogs可知，本句是被动语态，smell是单数形式，be动词使用is。故答案是is used。 （9）句意：他们通过闻小便的气味告诉不同。此处是特指狗与狗之间的不同，应使用定冠词the。故答案是the。 （10）句意：通过闻它的朋友的尾部，一只狗就知道它的朋友是谁。通过某种方式，用介词by。故答案是By。
【点评】考查语法填空，先跳过空格阅读短文，了解文章大意，然后根据语法，句法，固定搭配确定空缺的词或者单词的形式，再读短文检查并订正答案。