课件39张PPT。ReadingThe environmentCulture cornerThe total amount of carbon dioxide(CO?) you produce a year is called your carbon footprint. Besides breathing, there are two other ways you can produce CO?. First, you can do it directly, by driving a car or using a gas stove. Second, you can do it indirectly, by buying or using products that produced CO? when they were made.
Generally, you should make your carbon footprint as small as possible. For example, you can use public transport instead of a car, or you can walk or cycle.Your carbon footprintHow Green Are You?1. Do you recycle
A. newspapers? 1
B. tins? 1
C. plastic bags? 22. When you make a short journey, do you
A. walk or cycle? 3
B. go by car? 0
C. go by public transport? 23. What do you use for shopping?
A. A basket or a cloth bag. 3
B. Reused plastic bags. 1
C. New plastic bags. 0How Green Are You?4. How many electrical appliances do you have at home?
A. Ten or more. 0
B. Five to nine. 1
C. Less than five. 25. How often do you switch off the lights and other electrical appliances when they are not needed?
A. Usually. 2
B. Seldom. 1
C. Never. 06. Do you usually take
A. a bath? 0
B. a shower? 1
How Green Are You?Analysis
Score 1-3 You have not started turning green yet!
4-7 You are pale green. Try harder!
8-10 You are medium green. Keep going!
11-13 You are bright green. Well done!What does “greener” mean?It means “environmental activists”.What do you know about ...?What do you know about the greenhouse effect? Match the first half of the sentences in column A with the second half in column B. Write the correct letters in the blanks.A
There is an atmosphere
It controls
However, we are polluting
The gases cause the
atmosphere
The Earth is getting
We call thisB
the greenhouse effect.
the Earth with harmful gases.
warmer and warmer.
to keep in too much heat from
the Sun.
around the Earth.
the Earth’s temperature.
efbdcaA2 What is the result of the greenhouse effect? In groups, discuss this with your classmates. The effects of global warming can have many unforeseen side effects.
Drought Heavy precipitation The dangers of global warmingTropical cyclone intensity The dangers of global warming The dangers of global warming The global warming also affects most of the animals. In the past, animals could adapt to gradual climate change by modifying behaviour. Today, environmental pressures from growing human populations, along with the faster rate of climate change, make survival for many animals a big challenge. The dangers of global warming短语收藏夹1. greenhouse effect 温室效应
2. in danger 在危险中
3. as a result of 由于
4. result in 造成；导致
5. mountains of 许多；大量
6. take action 采取行动
7. make a difference 有作用；有影响
*8. keep sth / sb from doing sth
阻止某物/某人做某事
*9. keep in 贮存；储备*10. cut down 砍伐
*11. throw sth away 丢弃某物
*12. be the same as ... 与……相同
*13. be different from ... 与……不同
*14. because of (doing) ... 因为（做）……
*15. a large number of ... 大量的……
*16. take in 吸收
*17. as ... as possible = as ... as one can /
could 尽可能……
*18. change one’s bad habit(s)
改变某人的坏习惯
*19. (be) friendly to ...
对……无害的；对……有帮助的一、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 你告诉我的一切可能会影响我自己的看法。
What you have told me may _____ _____ _____ to my own opinion.
2. 他们要完成堆积如山的工作。他们多累啊！
They must finish _____ _____ work. How tired they are!
3. 我们应该从现在开始采取行动来保护环境。
We ought to _____ _____ to protect the environment from now on.
4. 我们应该停止砍伐树木，因为它们对我们有用。
We must stop _____ _____ trees because they are useful to us.make a differencemountains oftake actioncutting down二、将下列句子改为同义句。
1. The weather in Beijing is not the same as that in Guangzhou.
The weather in Beijing _____ _____ _____
that in Guangzhou.
2. They have to put off the sports meeting because
it is raining heavily.
They have to put off the sports meeting _____ _____ the _____ _____.
3. He ran as fast as he could.
He ran _____ _____ _____ _____.as fast as possibleis different frombecause of heavy rainBefore you readLook at the pictures, the title, the introduction and the sub-headings of the article on page 35. Then answer the questions below.1. What is the article mainly about?
Environmental problems.
2. What problems does the article discuss?
The greenhouse effect, cutting down forests and bad
habits.
3. A consumer is someone who buys and uses things.
Can you guess what a “green consumer” is?
A “green consumer” is someone who only buys and
uses things friendly to the environment.
VocabularyC1. The words in italics explain the meanings of some words on page 35. Find these words to complete the sentences. Change their forms if necessary._____________ the flood, many people were left homeless. (because of the effect of)
The world population will continue to _________ for many years to come.(to become greater in number)
The mountain is high. It is 3,000 metres above ___________.(the height of the ocean)
Man first walked on the __________ of the Moon in 1969.(the top part of an area of land)
There were _____________ toys in the shops during the Christmas holiday. (a very large number of)As a result ofincreasesea levelsurfacemountains ofC2. Complete the conversation below with the words from the box. Change their forms if necessary. in danger make a difference take action increase result inMark: The burning and cutting down of trees all over the world
1)__________the loss of our forests. Why do you think people do that?
Jenny: The world’s population is growing fast. That’s probably the main
reason. People need land to live on.
Mark: I suppose so. But forests are important to us. Trees take in CO?.
When so many trees are being cut down, the CO? in the Earth’s
atmosphere 2)____________. This causes the temperature to
rise and puts the world 3)___________.
Jenny: To 4)_________________, we need to stop cutting down so
many trees, and we should use as few wood products as possible.
Mark: You’re right. Everyone should 5)_______________ to protect the
Earth.results in make a differenceincreasesin dangertake actionComprehensionD1. Replace the italicized words with information from the article on page 35.1. The writer says that it is in danger. ______________
2. It is necessary for all living things. ______________
3. CO?comes from burning them. ______________
4. This causes sea level to rise. ______________
. It causes the surface of the soil to be easily
destroyed by rain. ______________
6. Many of our habits cause this. ______________
our world/the EarthThe atmosphere around the Earth fuels such as petrol and coalThe increasing temperature Cutting down trees pollutionD2. Read the article again and circle the correct answers.1. Because of pollution, ______.
a. not enough sunlight is reaching the Earth
b. not enough heat is leaving the Earth
c. not enough CO? is leaving the Earth
2. If there are more trees, the amount of CO? in the atmosphere
will be ______.
a. greater b. less c. the same
3. We can help protect the environment if we ______.
a. change our bad habits b. become consumers
c. buy more products
4. The purpose of the article is to make ______.
a. people do more to protect the environment
b. more people become consumers
c. people learn more about the environmentb b a a D3. The writer gives an example of a bad habit that causes pollution. Can you name some other bad habits that cause pollution?We must do something to protect the
environment.我们必须做些事来保护环境。
解析：do something to do ...意为“做些事情
……；采取措施……”，可与take action to
do ...互换。例如：
我们应该采取措施来保持教室干净。
We should do something to keep the
classroom clean.
= We should take action to keep the
classroom clean.Language Points... letting sunlight in and keeping heat
from getting out.
……让阳光进来并防止热量散发出去。
解析：(1) let sb / sth in 意为“让某人/某物进
入”，其反义短语为let sb / sth ou“t 让某人/
某物出去”。例如：
请开门，让我进去。
Please open the door and let me in.
这狗太吵了，我想放它出去。
The dog is too noisy. I want to let it out.Without it, the Earth would be the same as the
Moon — cold and lifeless.没有它，地球就会和月
球一样——寒冷且没生命。
We can reuse things for the same purpose as
before ... 我们可以像以前一样以同样的用途重新
使用物品……
解析：the same as ...意为“与……一样”，该短语
可以拆开使用，即：the same ... as ...，same 后
面接名词，意为“ 像…… 一样的……”。例如：
我的书包跟你的一样。
My school bag is the same as yours.
我有一个像这样的书包。
I have the same school bag as this.Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere,
and causes it to keep in too much heat. 太多的
这种气体会污染大气层，导致它保存了太多的热
量。
keep in 在本句意为“贮存；储备”，相当于
动词store。例如：
我们已经储存了一些食物以备紧急之用。
We have kept in some food for an emergency.
As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s
temperature is increasing.由于温室效应，地球的
温度正在上升。
解析：as a result of意为“由于”，可与because of
互换。as a result 意为“结果；因此”，表示结果，
常置于句首。例如：
他因车祸而受了伤。
He was hurt as a result of the car accident.
= He was hurt because of the car accident.
结果是他测验不及格。
As a result, he failed the test.If we just learn to live in new and different ways, we
can make a difference. 如果我们学会用新的和不同
的方式生活，我们就能起作用。
解析：make a difference 意为“有影响；有作用”，
其反义短语为make no difference 意为“没影响；没
作用；没差别”。例如：
你选哪一个至关重要。
Which one you choose will make a difference.
他来不来对我没影响。
It makes no difference to me whether he will come
or not. 一、将下列句子改为同义句。
1. As a result of his hard work, he achieved
great success.
_____ _____ his hard work, he achieved great success.
2. We should do things that are helpful to the environment.
We should do things that _____ _____ _____
the environment.
3. The government has done something to move the factory away.
The government _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ the factory away.Because ofare friendly tohas taken action to move二、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 关好门窗，不要让寒气进来。
Close the door and the windows. Don’t _____
the cold _____.
2. 贫穷成为了他努力学习的原因。
Poverty _____ him _____ _____ hard.
3. 我的观点与你的一样。
My opinion is _____ _____ _____ yours. let
incauses to studythe same as4. 吃得太多会贮存很多的能量。
Eating too much will _____ _____ lots of energy.
5. 父母的言行对孩子有很大的影响。
Parents’ words and behaviour _____ _____
big _____ to their children. make a
differencekeep in5大坏习惯破坏地球环境咖 啡? ? 事实上，平均每杯经过滤的黑咖啡都会排放出125克的二氧化碳。在这些二氧化碳中，三分之二来自原材料，而其余更多的则是来自制造的过程。一杯即溶咖啡含有80克的二氧化碳，也就是说，如果每天喝六杯咖啡将意味着每年产生174千克的二氧化碳。这个数字相当于一架飞机穿越整个欧洲，从伦敦到罗马时所排放的二氧化碳数量。如果在咖啡中加入牛奶，那么从牛奶中所散发出来的甲烷将排放出更多的二氧化碳。因此，我们在喝咖啡的过程中，其实对环境和气侯变化已经造成影响。? 不只如此，根据环保组织WWF的统计数据，生产一杯拿铁中的咖啡、牛奶、糖和杯子，要用掉200升水。这意味着，如果每个人能少喝杯咖啡，无疑是对环保做出了巨大的贡献。?5大坏习惯破坏地球环境厕 纸? ?? 回收厕纸已经在欧洲和拉美广泛使用，但5卷纸里有1卷回收就很了不起了。在美国，回收厕纸是个似乎诱人但又没人涉足的东西。美国人平均每年使用23卷厕纸，那么整个国家的总数就是70亿卷。其中只有五十分之一是采用100％的可回收纸。“绿色和平”指出，这种生产不仅对水和能源造成浪费，另外更是给北美洲的原始森林施加了更大的砍伐压力。而森林在生物多样化的支持和环境净化等方面，一直担任着重要的角色。? 人们为什么偏好使用新砍伐木材所制造的厕纸?理由很简单：由长纤维制造出来的都是最柔软最舒服的厕纸。为此，森林管理委员会(FSC)想了个折中的办法，就是确保造厕纸的新木材纤维是来自可持续林业计划(sustainable forestry projects)，而不是那些已经受到威胁的古老森林。?5大坏习惯破坏地球环境快时尚? ? 1990年，全球纺织品的生产总量约为4千万吨。到2005年为止已经上升到6千万吨。快时尚趋势加剧了纺织品生产的增长。在日常生活中，我们经常会丢弃很多哪怕只穿了几次的衣服。在英国，每年大约有100万吨的衣服被丢弃，其中大部分都被丢弃在垃圾堆或直接进入垃圾焚化炉里。事实上，这些衣服大部分还有七成新。? 看来，金融海啸并没有对我们的时尚追求造成实质性影响。如果能减低这种快时尚的消费，对于那些要处理的衣服，我们至少可以考虑一些更环保的方法。? 5大坏习惯破坏地球环境洗衣店? ? 快时尚的习惯让大部分家庭堆积上如山的衣服。然而，把这些衣服送去干洗处理其实和快速消费所带来对环境的影响没多大不同。研究发现，洗一件聚酯纤维衬衫，80％的二氧化碳都来自清洗及烘干过程。对于全棉的衣料，则需要消耗更多的能量及造成更大的碳排放。另外，调查发现，在英国，洗衣机装满东西才开动的时候只有7.5％，因此环保专家建议尽量让洗衣机满载工作。? 让我们看一下这些排放量的总数：装满衣服的洗衣机每小时需消耗1.2千瓦的电，对衣物进行重复烘干每小时则消耗3.5千瓦，这将导致2千克的二氧化碳排放。如果烘干以及低温清洗时把洗衣机装满，这样就可以减少洗衣机所消耗的能量，那么我们便能节省更多的能源。?5大坏习惯破坏地球环境食 物? ? 美国家庭每年都要丢弃30％的食物，价值达480亿美元。在欧洲，食物的浪费程度也是令人震惊的。在英国，每年约670万吨食物被丢进垃圾桶。大部分的食物和丢弃的衣服一样被直接扔进垃圾堆。事实上，这些食物在垃圾堆里不断分解，散发出大量的温室气体(甲烷)。? 食物浪费对整个食品供应链造成了重大影响，并且增加了储存、运输和包装的成本。其中最大的影响来自食物的生产过程。我们所购买的每种食物，尤其是肉类和乳制品，在生产过程中都会排放出温室气体。在英国，每年都会有40200吨牛奶被浪费，等于差不多4万吨的二氧化碳排放量，这相当于1万辆车一年内所排放的二氧化碳。? Dictation担心；忧虑
大气层
温度；气温
消费者
猜测
环境保护的；赞成环境保护的
无生命的；无生物生长的
燃料
煤
结果
（使）增长；增多；增加concern
atmosphere
temperature
consumer
guess
green
lifeless
fuel
coal
result
increase海平面
摧毁；毁灭
自然界；大自然
表面；表层
土壤
洪水；水灾
习惯
正确的；恰当的
无害的
回收利用
目的；用途sea level
destroy
nature
surface
soil
flood
habit
proper
friendly
recycle
purpose温室效应
在危险中
由于
造成；导致
许多；大量
采取行动
有作用；有影响greenhouse effect
in danger
as a result of
result in
mountains of
take action
make a difference
