人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit 2 Cloning名词性从句课件（共37张PPT）
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| 名称 | 人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit 2 Cloning名词性从句课件（共37张PPT） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-05-23 19:13:44 | ||
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课件37张PPT。Grammar1. 概念
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)。名词性从句What he wants to tell us is not clear.
I believe (that) he is honest.
The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker.
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词/从属连词that, whether, if?不充当从句的任何成分
连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词: when,?where,?how,?whySubject Clause (主语从句)
Object Clause (宾语从句)
Predicative Clause (表语从句) Noun clause一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可
以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在
句末, 句首则用形式主语it。That the earth is round is true.
= It is true that the earth is round. 主语从句的用法2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.
= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.
注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分, 只起连接作用, 不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句）二、用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是……
It is an honor that ……非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that…是常识
(2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should)
It is natural that… 很自然……
It is strange that… 奇怪的是……(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎……
It happened that… 碰巧……
It appears that… 似乎……
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道……
It has been proved that… 已证实…
It is said that… 据说……It is certain that he will come.
It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.
It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.
It doesn’t matter whether I stay or not.三、用带-ever的引导词 (如whoever, whatever) 引导的主语从句一般不后置。
Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.
Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.四、it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句, 主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who。例如:It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.五、what与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句
子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that则不
然, 即不担任成分。例如：
What you said yesterday is right.
That she won the first prize made us very happy . 句子结构：
主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句
连接词:
从属连词that, whether, if
连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what
连接副词 where, how, why, when宾语从句的用法He has got a pen. I think…
I think (that) he has got a pen.
Where do they study English? Lily asks…
Lily asks where they study English.
Will you help me? I ask…
I ask if you will help me.一、连词 (引导词)
1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句), 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作任何成分, 也没有任何具体意思, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.
Jane said (that) she wasn’t late for the meeting. 2. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时, 由特殊疑问词充当连接词, 因为该特殊疑问词(即连接词)在从句中担任一定的句子成分, 具有一定的意义, 所以不可以省略。Do you know what he said just now?
I don’t remember when we arrived.
I asked him where I could get so much money.
Please tell me who we have to see.
Do you know what time the plane leaves? Mary wrote an article on ___ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what
C. who D. that I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that
C. how D. which3. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时, 由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if), 因为if/whether翻译成是否, 具有一定的意义, 所以不能省略。
Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag.
Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city. 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样, 表语从句位于连系动词后, 有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 +从句。
That’s what we should do.
That’s why I want to see you. 表语从句的用法 The reason for my absence was that I was ill.
1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句：
My suggestion is that we should go shopping.
It seems that it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
It was because I got up late.
注意:在表语从句中, 当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that, 不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.
3. 主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement时, 表语从句应用虚拟语气,即: (should) +v.
My suggestion is that we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just setting it aside. What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon． A. when B. how C. whether D. why
-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ___ you had a few days off ? A. why B. what C. when D. where1. Not until noon did it stop raining.
___ ____ not until noon _____ it stopped raining.I. 每空填一词, 使该句与所给句子的
意思相同或相近。It that was练习坊2. People believe that this medicine will cure his disease. ___ ___ ________ that this medicine will cure his disease.
3. Soon we arrived at the place we called the Fairy Island. Soon we arrived at _____ we called the Fairy Island.ItisbelievedwhatII. 改错
1). I want to know that what it is.
I want to know what it is.
2). I can’t understand that the teacher said.
I can’t understand what the teacher said.3). I don’t know this is whose bike.
I don’t know whose bike this is.
4). He asked me where was Mary.
He asked me where Mary was .
5). Do you remember how much did you pay for the book?
Do you remember how much you paid for the book?高考链接1. The?little?girl?who?got?lost decided?to?
remain?_____ she?was?and?wait?for?her?
mother. ?
A.?where???B.?what??????C.?how????D.?who
2. She?is?very?dear?to?us.?We?have?been?
prepared?to?do?____ it?takes?to?save?
her?life.
A.?whichever? B.?however?
C.?whatever? D.?whoeverAC3. The?fact?has?worried?many?scientists _____?the?earth?is?becoming?warmer?and?
warmer?these?years. ?
A.?what??B.?which????C.?that???????D.?though
4. Could?I?speak?to ______?is?in?charge?
of?International?Sales?please?
A.?who?B.?what?? C.?whoever??? D.?whatever
5. The how-to book can be of help to _______ wants to do the job.
A.?who?? B.?whomever?
C.?no?matter?who? D.?whoeverDCC6. One?of?the?most?important?questions?
they?had?to?consider?was?______ of?public
health.
A.?what?B.?this C.?that??? D.?which
7. As?a?new?diplomat,?he?often?thinks?of _____ he?can react?more?appropriately?on?
such?occasions. ?
A.?what??B.?which?????C.?that??????????D.?how CD8. News?came?from?the?school?office?______
Wang?Lin?had?been?admitted?to?Beijing?
University. ??
A.?which?????B.?what???C.?that???D.?where
9. It?is?obvious?to?the?students?______?they?
should?get?well?prepared?for?their?future.
A.?as?????B.?which??????C.?whether?????D.?thatCD10. －Is?there?any?possibility?______?you?
could?pick?me?up?at?the?airport?
－No?problem.?????
A.?when B.?that? C.?whether D.?what
11. We?should?consider?the?students’?
request?___?the?school?library?provide?
more?books?on?popular?science. A.?that??B.?when?? C.?which??????D.?whereBA
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause)。名词性从句What he wants to tell us is not clear.
I believe (that) he is honest.
The question is who (which of you) will be the next speaker.
The news that he had landed on the moon spread all over the world. 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词/从属连词that, whether, if?不充当从句的任何成分
连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词: when,?where,?how,?whySubject Clause (主语从句)
Object Clause (宾语从句)
Predicative Clause (表语从句) Noun clause一、主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可
以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在
句末, 句首则用形式主语it。That the earth is round is true.
= It is true that the earth is round. 主语从句的用法2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.
= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.
注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分, 只起连接作用, 不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句）二、用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that … 事实是……
It is an honor that ……非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that…是常识
(2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should)
It is natural that… 很自然……
It is strange that… 奇怪的是……(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句
It seems that… 似乎……
It happened that… 碰巧……
It appears that… 似乎……
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道……
It has been proved that… 已证实…
It is said that… 据说……It is certain that he will come.
It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.
It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening.
It doesn’t matter whether I stay or not.三、用带-ever的引导词 (如whoever, whatever) 引导的主语从句一般不后置。
Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.
Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.四、it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句, 主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调, 无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who。例如:It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
It is in the morning that the murder took place.
It is John that broke the window.五、what与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句
子成分, 如主语、宾语、表语, 而that则不
然, 即不担任成分。例如：
What you said yesterday is right.
That she won the first prize made us very happy . 句子结构：
主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句
连接词:
从属连词that, whether, if
连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what
连接副词 where, how, why, when宾语从句的用法He has got a pen. I think…
I think (that) he has got a pen.
Where do they study English? Lily asks…
Lily asks where they study English.
Will you help me? I ask…
I ask if you will help me.一、连词 (引导词)
1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句), 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作任何成分, 也没有任何具体意思, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.
Jane said (that) she wasn’t late for the meeting. 2. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时, 由特殊疑问词充当连接词, 因为该特殊疑问词(即连接词)在从句中担任一定的句子成分, 具有一定的意义, 所以不可以省略。Do you know what he said just now?
I don’t remember when we arrived.
I asked him where I could get so much money.
Please tell me who we have to see.
Do you know what time the plane leaves? Mary wrote an article on ___ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what
C. who D. that I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made.
A. what B. that
C. how D. which3. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时, 由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if), 因为if/whether翻译成是否, 具有一定的意义, 所以不能省略。
Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag.
Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city. 在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样, 表语从句位于连系动词后, 有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 +从句。
That’s what we should do.
That’s why I want to see you. 表语从句的用法 The reason for my absence was that I was ill.
1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句：
My suggestion is that we should go shopping.
It seems that it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
It was because I got up late.
注意:在表语从句中, 当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that, 不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没赶上早班车。 The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.
3. 主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement时, 表语从句应用虚拟语气,即: (should) +v.
My suggestion is that we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just setting it aside. What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon． A. when B. how C. whether D. why
-- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ___ you had a few days off ? A. why B. what C. when D. where1. Not until noon did it stop raining.
___ ____ not until noon _____ it stopped raining.I. 每空填一词, 使该句与所给句子的
意思相同或相近。It that was练习坊2. People believe that this medicine will cure his disease. ___ ___ ________ that this medicine will cure his disease.
3. Soon we arrived at the place we called the Fairy Island. Soon we arrived at _____ we called the Fairy Island.ItisbelievedwhatII. 改错
1). I want to know that what it is.
I want to know what it is.
2). I can’t understand that the teacher said.
I can’t understand what the teacher said.3). I don’t know this is whose bike.
I don’t know whose bike this is.
4). He asked me where was Mary.
He asked me where Mary was .
5). Do you remember how much did you pay for the book?
Do you remember how much you paid for the book?高考链接1. The?little?girl?who?got?lost decided?to?
remain?_____ she?was?and?wait?for?her?
mother. ?
A.?where???B.?what??????C.?how????D.?who
2. She?is?very?dear?to?us.?We?have?been?
prepared?to?do?____ it?takes?to?save?
her?life.
A.?whichever? B.?however?
C.?whatever? D.?whoeverAC3. The?fact?has?worried?many?scientists _____?the?earth?is?becoming?warmer?and?
warmer?these?years. ?
A.?what??B.?which????C.?that???????D.?though
4. Could?I?speak?to ______?is?in?charge?
of?International?Sales?please?
A.?who?B.?what?? C.?whoever??? D.?whatever
5. The how-to book can be of help to _______ wants to do the job.
A.?who?? B.?whomever?
C.?no?matter?who? D.?whoeverDCC6. One?of?the?most?important?questions?
they?had?to?consider?was?______ of?public
health.
A.?what?B.?this C.?that??? D.?which
7. As?a?new?diplomat,?he?often?thinks?of _____ he?can react?more?appropriately?on?
such?occasions. ?
A.?what??B.?which?????C.?that??????????D.?how CD8. News?came?from?the?school?office?______
Wang?Lin?had?been?admitted?to?Beijing?
University. ??
A.?which?????B.?what???C.?that???D.?where
9. It?is?obvious?to?the?students?______?they?
should?get?well?prepared?for?their?future.
A.?as?????B.?which??????C.?whether?????D.?thatCD10. －Is?there?any?possibility?______?you?
could?pick?me?up?at?the?airport?
－No?problem.?????
A.?when B.?that? C.?whether D.?what
11. We?should?consider?the?students’?
request?___?the?school?library?provide?
more?books?on?popular?science. A.?that??B.?when?? C.?which??????D.?whereBA