中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2016-2018年全国中考真题
——动词的时态和语态
考点1 动词的时态
1.(2018上海,38 )The film Operation Red Sea ______ a lot of praise since its first
show months ago.
A. wins B. win C. will win D. has won
【解析】D。句意：电影《红海行动》自从几个月前的首映以来，已经藏得了大量的赞扬。
本题考查动词的现在完成时态。根据since...可知该句应用现在完成时,故选D项。
2.(2018湖北武汉,31) --- Do you still play baseball?
--- Oh, no. I ______ it for the past two years.
A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played
【解析】A。句意：---你还打篮球吗? 哦，不。过去的两年里我没打过篮球。
本题考查现在完成时。根据本句的时间状语for the past two years可知,本空用现在完成时.故本题选择A。
3.(2018湖北武汉，29) My sister ______ the piano very well, but she hasn't had
time to play recently.
A. will play B. has played C. played D. plays
【解析】D。句意：我妹妹 (姐姐) 弹钢琴弹得非常好，但是近来她没有时间弹。
本题考查一般现在时。妹妹(姐姐)弹钢琴弹得非常好是她具备的一种能力，本空应用一般现在时，故本题选择D。
4.(2018山东青岛,14) ---It's time to work now.
--- OK. I'll wake Carl up. He ______ for an hour,
A. has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. fell asleep D. falls asleep
【解析】B。句意：——现在到工作的时间了。
——好的。我将叫醒卡尔。他已经睡了一个小时了。
本题考查动词的时态。“for+时间段”是现在完成时的标志，排除C和D，根据for an hour可知用延续性动词，故选B。
5.(2018河南,28) --- Honey , where are you?
--- I _____. Just let me put on my shoes.
A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come
【解析】C。句意：——亲爱的，你在哪儿?
——马上来，让我穿上鞋。
本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知这个动作是将要发生，属于将来时态，come这个词可以用现在进行时表示将来，所以选C项。
6.(2018湖北黄冈,32) ---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?
--- In April. I ______ it for two months.
A. have had B. had C. have bought D. bought
【解析】A。句意：——你的新手表非常漂亮!你什么时候买的?
——在四月。我已经买了两个月了。
本题考查现在完成时。题干中的for two months表示一段时间，故本句应用现在完成时，并且应用延续性动词have，故选择A。
【知识拓展】常见的非延续性动词 (短语) 与延续性动词 (短语) 之间的转换: leave -- be away; borrow -- keep; buy -- have; begin/start -- beon;
die -- be dead; finish -- be over; join -- be in/be a member of;
open – be open; come/ go/ become -- be; fall ill -- be ill; fall asleep -- be asleep;
many/get married -- be married。
7.(2018福建,30) China ______ great achievements in science and technology
since 1978.
A. makes B. made C. has made
【解析】C句意：自从1978年以来,中国在科学与技术上取得了伟大的成就。
本题考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“since1978”可知用现在完成时，故选C。
【知识拓展】现在完成时的常用时间标志词(词组)有：ever, never, already, yet，before, just, for + 一段时间, since+过去的时间点, so far, recently，in recent
years, lately 等。
8.(2018河北,31 ) --- The bread is really delicious.
---Thank you. I _______ it myself.
A. make B. made C. will make D.am making
【解析】B。句意：——这个面包真的很好吃。
——谢谢。我自己做的这个面包。
本题考查一般过去时态。“我自己制作面包”这件事发生在过去，由此可知本空应用一般过去时态，故选择B。
9.(2018四川成都, 36) Yesterday, I _____ the subway home when I suddenly
found I was on the wrong line.
A. took B. was taking C. had taken
【解析】B。句意：昨天我正乘地铁回家.这时我突然发现自己坐错了线。
本题考查时态。本句中的when为并列连词，意为“正在这时”。was/were doing...when...意为“正在做... ,这....”，为固定句式。故本空用动词的过去进行时。故本题选B。
【易错警示】如果审题不仔细，只看到开头的Yesterday, 极容易误把本句时态误判成一般过去时，但仔细分析句意可知，本句指“我”正乘地铁的时候，突然发现坐错了线。
10.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,32) My friend's new restaurant in Wanda Plaza(万达广
场)_____ two years ago， but I _____ there so far,
A. has opened; haven't been B. was open; haven’been
C. opened; haven't gone D. has been open ; haven't gone
【解析】B。句意：我朋友的新饭店两年前在万达广场开业了，但到目前为止，我还没有去过。
本题考查动词的时态。由句中“two years ago”可知，第一空用一般过去时，be open是系表结构表状态，一般过去时应为was open。由句中“so far"可知第二空用现在完成时,“have been”表示“去过(人已归)”,“have gone”表示“去了(人未归)”，此处语境是未去过，用“haven't been”，故选B。
11.( 2018江西,35 ) We ______ a party for Kate. It's supposed to be a surprise.
A. were having B. had C. will have D. have had
【解析】C。句意:我们将为凯特举办一个聚会。它应该是个惊喜。
本题考查动词时态。A项为过去进行时；B项为一般过去时；C项为一般将来时；D项为现在完成时。根据后句It's supposed to be a suprise.可知聚会还没举办故用一般将来时态。be supposed to应该，被期望，理应。
12. (2018浙江温州，10) John ______ so hard on his project that he didn't notice
his mom enter the room.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. will work
【解析】C。句意：John一直在努力做他的课题，以至于都没注意到他妈妈进到房间里来。
本题考查动词的时态。根据题干中didn’t notice可知是过去的事情，且动作正在进行，因此选C。
13. ( 2018天津,31 ) --- Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall!?
--- Yes. I ______ there with my parents last year.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone
【解析】B。句意：——Jerry，你曾经去过长城吗?
——去过，去年我和我父母去的那儿。
此题考查时态。根据答句中的时间状语last year判断出此句是一般过去时，故选B。
【易错警示】题干第一句中的现在完成时容易误导学生选择时态一致，从而也选择现在完成时，考生一定要根据明确的时间状语进行判断和选择。
14.(2018江苏南京,9) --- We ______ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange
students this coming summer holiday.
--- That's amazing!
A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go
【解析】D。句意：——在这即将到来的暑假，我们将和交换生一起去云锦博物馆。 ——那太令人惊喜了!
本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语this coming summer holiday可知,应用一般将来时表示将要发生的动作，故选D项。
15.(2018沈阳,7) Sarah ______ many places of interest in Beijing already.
A. visited B. has visited C. will visit D. visits
【解析】B。句意：萨拉已经参观了北京的许多名胜古迹。
本题考查动词时态。根据already可知用现在完成时。
16.(2018江西,31) Sorry I'm late. I ______ with a friend and I completely forgot
the time.
A. talk B. am talking C. was talking D. will talk
【解析】C。句意：对不起，我迟到了。我刚才正在和一个朋友谈话，完全忘记了时间。
本题考查动词时态。A项是一般现在时; B项是现在进行时；C项是过去进行时；D项是一般将来时。现在来迟了是因为刚才和朋友的谈话，后文有forgot ( forget的过去式)，提示此处要填过去的时态。
【审题技巧】判断动词时态要考虑句子的含义，时间状语和前后提示。
17.(2017北京27) My mother ______ some washing when the telephone rang.
A. does B. did C. is doing D. was doing
【解析】D。句意：当电话铃声响时，我妈妈正在洗衣服。
本题考查动词的时态。从句 ‘when the telephone rang’是一般过去时,所以主句应用过去进行时，故选D。
18.(2017天津,25) The earth is a planet and it ______ around the sun.
A. goes B. go C. will go D. went
【解析】A。句意：地球是一个行星，它绕着太阳转。
本题考查动词时态。表示客观事实或普遍真理用一般现在时，故选A项。
19.(2017上海,37) Several journalists ______ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
A. interview B. interviewed C. will interview D. had interviewed
【解析】B。句意：几个新闻记者一个小时前就这个国际案件采访了那个律
师。
本题考查动词的时态。由时间状语an hour ago可知本空用一般过去时态，故本题选择B。
【知识拓展】一般过去时常常有表示过去的时间状语，常用的有：yesterday，yesterday morning / afternoon / evening，last night/week/ year; in 1990; three years ago等。
20.(2017重庆,23) In the past few years, many schools ______ the ways of doing
morning exercises.
A. change B. changes C. will change D. have changed
【解析】D。句意：在过去的几年里，许多学校改变了做早操的方式。
本题考查动词时态。根据时间状语In the past few years“在过去的几年里”可知应使用现在完成时，故选D项。
21.(2017重庆,36) As soon as the rain ______ they will go out to pick apples.
A. stops B. stopped C. will stop D. is stopping
【解析】A。句意：雨一停他们就会出去摘苹果。
本题考查动词时态。在含as soon as引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，当主句为一般将来时的时候，从句用一般现在时。故选A项。
22.(2017河南,26) ---Paul, I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?
---Just a minute. I ______ my e-mail.
A.am checking B. will check C. have checked D. was checking
【解析】A。句意：——保罗，我正忙着做饭。你能帮我一下吗?
——稍等，我正在检查我的电子邮件。
本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知是正检查电子邮件，故应该选择现在进行时。
23.( 2017河北,31) Don't take the dictionary away. I ______ it.
A. use B. used C. am using D. have used
【解析】C。句意：不要把字典拿走。我正在用它呢。
本题考查动词的时态。由题干中的祈使句‘Don't take the dictionary away.’可知用现在进行时，故选择C。
24.( 2016河南,33) Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you ______ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
【解析】C。句意：每个人都希望到达山项，但是所有的幸福都发生在你正在登山的时候。
本题考查动词的现在进行时态。由while引导的时间状语从句通常使用现在进行时或过去进行时。
25.( 2016河北,32) Oh no! I ______ my book in the lab.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. was leaving
【解析】B。句意：噢，不! 我把书落在实验室了。
本题考查动词时态。根据句意可知,表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，故选B。
26. (2016北京,27) I's nice to see you again. We ______ each other since 2014.
A. won't see B. don't see C. haven't seen D. didn't see
【解析】C。句意：再次见到你很高兴。自从2014年我们就没见到过。
本题考查时态。通过时间状语since 2014可知，应该是现在完成时，故选C。
27.(2016天津,27) My mother ______ dinner when I got home yesterday.
A. has cooked B. was cooking C. will cook D. cooks
【解析】B。句意：昨天我到家的时候，妈妈正在做饭。
本题考查动词的时态。从句when 1 got home yesterday 为过去时，所以主句应用过去进行时。故选B项。
28.(2016重庆,38,★) Don't worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when
you ______ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
【解析】A。句意：别担心。在你出差的时候,，Bill 会帮你照顾你的狗。
本题考查状语从句的时态。在含时间状语从句的复合句中，当主句时态为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故选A。
考点2 动词语态
1.(2018重庆,34) The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ______ in China. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
【解析】D。句意：2022 年冬奥会将在中国举办。我确信它将会是很成功的。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语The 2022 Winter Olympic Games和谓语动词hold之间为被动关系，且2022年表示将来的时间，故用一般将来时的被动语态。A：一般现在时的主动语态；B：一般将来时的主动语态；C：一般过去时的被动语态，均与题意不符。
【审题技巧】凡是选项有被动语态的题都要先看主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系,如果是主动关系就用主动语态,如果是被动关系就用被动语态。
2.(2018福建,32 ) Paper - making ______ by the Chinese in the Western Han
dynasty(朝代).
A.is invented B. invented C. was invented
【解析】C。句意：造纸术是在西汉时由中国人发明的。
本题考查动词的语态。因句子主语“Paper-making”是动作的承受者，故使用被动语态，先排除B。因时间状语是‘in the Wester Han dynasty’，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
3.(2018湖南长沙, 27) British physicist Stephen Hawking, who ______ as the ‘ smartest man alive ’, passed away in England on March 14 ,2018.
A. praised B. was praised C. will be praised
【解析】B。句意：被赞誉为“世界上最聪明的人”的英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金于2018年3月14日在英格兰逝世。
本题考查时态和语态。主语Stephen Hawking和动词praise构成被动关系。且时间状语为表过去的时间，故本题应使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词过去分词，故选B。
4.(2018江苏南京,7) --- Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
--- Sure! It ______ by Mozi over 2 ,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
【解析】C。句意：——Simon，你知道谁发明了风筝吗?
——当然！它是在2,000多年前由墨子发明的。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语over 2,000 years ago可知，应用过去时；再根据by Mozi可知，应用被动语态，故选C项。
5.( 2018河北,34) Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ______ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
【解析】B。句意：看这张图片。排在前五的电视剧被列在它的上面。
本题考查时态和语态。The top five TV plays 与list之间为被动关系，由此可知本空用被动语态，故应选择B或D选项。再根据句意可知本空用一般现在时态，故选择B。
【方法技巧】被动语态这一考点侧重考查时态和语态的结合，由此可确定被动语态试题的常见解题步骤：第一步，根据句意或主语和谓语动词的关系来确定语态；第二步，判断时态。
6.( 2018新疆乌鲁木齐,28) --- Can you go to the movies with me tonight?
--- I have to ask my mum. If I ______, I will go with you.
A. allow B. allowed C. am allowed D. was allowed
【解析】C。句意：——今晚你能和我去看电影吗?
——我得问我妈妈，如果我获得允许，我就会和你一起去。
本题考查动词的语态和时态。在If引导的从句中，1是动作allow的承受者，即“我被允许”，故应用被动语态，排除A、B选项。又因if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，故从句用一般现在时表示将来，故选C。
7.( 2018天津,33) Dr Bethune ______ still ______ in both China and Canada
today.
A. is; remembered B. is; remembering
C. will; remember D. has; remembered
【解析】A。句意：今天，白求恩医生仍然在中国和加拿大被缅怀。
此题考查被动语态。根据主语和谓语动词的被动关系可判断出是被动语态，再根据题干中的时间状语today可知此题用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。
8. (2018沈阳,2) There will be fewer workers in factories because most work
______ by robots in the future.
A. is done B. was done C. will be done D. will do
【解析】C。句意：将来工厂里大多数的工作由机器人来做，所以会有较少的工人。
本题考查动词时态和语态。根据前面There will be可知because从句中也应用一般将来时，而且work与do之间是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态，故选C。
9.( 2018江西,34) Kids have to take many after-school classes. They _____ hard
to study for good grades.
A. push B. are pushed C. are pushing D. have pushed
【解析】B。句意：孩子们不得不参加许多课外的课程。他们被严厉督促为取得好成绩而学习。
本题考查动词的被动语态。push推动，督促。主语they与动词push是被动关系，故用被动语态。
【思路分析】判断动词的语态要看主语和动词的主被动关系，如果主语不能执行动词的动作则用被动语态。
10. (2018广东,43) Many shops in China ______ to shut down as a new law
against ivory( 象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st，2018.
A. ordered B. didn't order C. were ordered D. weren't ordered
【解析】C。句意：因为一项反对象牙贸易的新法律在2018年1月1日开始
生效，所以中国很多商铺被勒令停业。
本题考查被动语态。主语shops和谓语动词order存在被动关系，故此处要用被动语态。根据句意可知答案为C项。
【知识拓展】含有effect的短语：come into effect开始生效，开始实施； have an effect on sth. 对.....有影响。
11.(2017北京,29) The mobile phone _______ in 1973.
A. invents B. is invented C. invented D. was invented
【解析】D。句意：手机是在1973年被发明的。
本题考查时态和语态。‘mobile phone’应是“被发明”，结合时间状语in 1973可知此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选D。
12.(2017天津,34) Let's wait and see whether books ______ by the Internet in the
future.
A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced
【解析】C。句意：咱们等着看未来书是否会被网络代替。
本题考查动词时态和语态。主语books与replace之间为被动关系，又因为指的是将来，所以用一般将来时的被动语态will + be + 过去分词。故选C项。
13.(2017上海,38)The museum ______ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.
A. is decorated B. will decorate
C. is decorating D. will be decorated
【解析】D。句意：下个月，这个博物馆会被装饰以庆祝科技节。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。由时间状语next month可知用一般将来时,又因museum与decorate之间为被动关系，故选D。
14.(2017重庆,27 )This picture ______ by my cousin last year.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn
【解析】D。句意：这幅画是我表哥去年画的。
本题考查动词被动语态和时态。主语This picture与draw之间存在被动关系，又因为时间状语为last year，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，D项正确。
15.(2017河南,29) --- Why are you leaving your job?
--- I can't stand it any longer. I ______ always ______ to work overtime.
A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked
【解析】B。句意：——你为什么要辞职?
——我再也不能忍受了。我总是被要求加班。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。被要求加班，应用被动语态，此处谈论的是现在经常发生的事，故用一般现在时，故选B项。
16.(2017河北,35 ) Hangzhou _______ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping
for silk there.
A. knows B. is known C. was known D. will be known
【解析】B。句意：杭州被称作丝绸之城。游客们喜欢在那里买丝绸。
本题考查时态和语态。由句意可知此处用被动语态，此处陈述的是当前的实际情况，故用一般现在时态，由此可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态，故本题选择B。
【易错提醒】本题主语Hangzhou与know之间存在被动关系，但没有明显的时间状语来作出时态判断，可根据下文第二句中的like 判断出是当前的情况，故用一般现在时。
17.(2017安徽,42) Mr. Green _______ to sing an English song at the party and he
sang well.
A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites
【解析】A。句意：在聚会上格林先生被邀请去唱一首英文歌，他唱得很好。
本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据短语be invited to do sth. (被邀请去做某事)，可知用被动语态；后面的sang是过去式，所以前面也要用一般过去时态。故选A项。
18.(2017福建, 31) Eleven Chinese films ______ during the 7th Chinese Film Festival in France last month.
A. showed B. are shown C. were shown
【解析】C。句意：上个月在法国，有11部中国电影在第七届中国电影节期间被展出。
本题考查时态和语态。由时间状语last month可知本空为一般过去时态,故排除B。再根据films与show之间是被动关系，可知本题选择C。
19.(2016北京,29) A new road ______ near my school next year.
A. builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built
【解析】D。句意：在我的学校附近有一条新路明年将被建成。
本题考查被动语态和时态。句子主语为A new road，它与build之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，构成方式是“be + 过去分词”，时间状语为next year，所以是一般将来时的被动语态，故选D。
20.(2016河南,31,★) We are going to take the high-speed train to Xian tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station ______.
A. advises B. is advised C. is advising D. was advised
【解析】B。句意：我们明天将乘坐高铁去西安，所以建议大家早点到车站。
本题考查动词的时态和被动语态。根据语境可知，设空处用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B项。
21.(2016天津,35 ) Paper ______ first ______ about 2, 000 years ago in China.
A. is; creating B. is; created C. has; created D. was; created
【解析】D。句意：纸在中国大约2 ,000年前被首次造成。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语about 2,000 years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时；paper应是“被造”，故用被动语态。故选D项。
22.( 2016重庆,29 ) Students do less homework now. Usually it ______ before 9
o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B. finished C. is finished D. was finished
【解析】C。句意：现在学生作业少了。通常晚上九点之前就能做完作业。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。句中it指代作业，为不可数名词，且与谓语动词“完成”构成被动关系。又由Usually 可知应用一般现在时。故选C。
23.(2016宁夏,34) --- Can I move into the new room?
--- No, you can't. It ______ soon.
A. is painted B. will paint C. will be painted D. was painted
【解析】C。句意：——我能搬到新房间吗?
——不，你不能。它马上要被刷油漆了。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。房间应是被刷油漆，要用被动语态，排除B。根据soon“不久以后”可知要用将来时，故选C。
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2016-2018年全国中考真题
——动词的时态和语态
考点1 动词的时态
1.(2018上海,38 )The film Operation Red Sea ______ a lot of praise since its first
show months ago.
A. wins B. win C. will win D. has won
2.(2018湖北武汉,31) --- Do you still play baseball?
--- Oh, no. I ______ it for the past two years.
A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played
3.(2018湖北武汉，29) My sister ______ the piano very well, but she hasn't had
time to play recently.
A. will play B. has played C. played D. plays
4.(2018山东青岛,14) ---It's time to work now.
--- OK. I'll wake Carl up. He ______ for an hour,
A. has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. fell asleep D. falls asleep
5.(2018河南,28) --- Honey , where are you?
--- I _____. Just let me put on my shoes.
A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come
6.(2018湖北黄冈,32) ---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?
--- In April. I ______ it for two months.
A. have had B. had C. have bought D. bought
7.(2018福建,30) China ______ great achievements in science and technology
since 1978.
A. makes B. made C. has made
8.(2018河北,31 ) --- The bread is really delicious.
---Thank you. I _______ it myself.
A. make B. made C. will make D.am making
9.(2018四川成都, 36) Yesterday, I _____ the subway home when I suddenly
found I was on the wrong line.
A. took B. was taking C. had taken
10.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐,32) My friend's new restaurant in Wanda Plaza(万达广
场)_____ two years ago， but I _____ there so far,
A. has opened; haven't been B. was open; haven’been
C. opened; haven't gone D. has been open ; haven't gone
11.( 2018江西,35 ) We ______ a party for Kate. It's supposed to be a surprise.
A. were having B. had C. will have D. have had
12. (2018浙江温州，10) John ______ so hard on his project that he didn't notice
his mom enter the room.
A. works B. has worked C. was working D. will work
13. ( 2018天津,31 ) --- Jerry, have you ever been to the Great Wall!?
--- Yes. I ______ there with my parents last year.
A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone
14.(2018江苏南京,9) --- We ______ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange
students this coming summer holiday.
--- That's amazing!
A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go
15.(2018沈阳,7) Sarah ______ many places of interest in Beijing already.
A. visited B. has visited C. will visit D. visits
16.(2018江西,31) Sorry I'm late. I ______ with a friend and I completely forgot
the time.
A. talk B. am talking C. was talking D. will talk
17.(2017北京27) My mother ______ some washing when the telephone rang.
A. does B. did C. is doing D. was doing
18.(2017天津,25) The earth is a planet and it ______ around the sun.
A. goes B. go C. will go D. went
19.(2017上海,37) Several journalists the lawyer about the international case an
hour ago.
A. interview B. interviewed C. will interview D. had interviewed
20.(2017重庆,23) In the past few years, many schools ______ the ways of doing
morning exercises.
A. change B. changes C. will change D. have changed
21.(2017重庆,36) As soon as the rain ______ they will go out to pick apples.
A. stops B. stopped C. will stop D. is stopping
22.(2017河南,26) ---Paul, I'm busy cooking. Can you give me a hand?
---Just a minute. I ______ my e-mail.
A.am checking B. will check C. have checked D. was checking
23.( 2017河北,31) Don't take the dictionary away. I ______ it.
A. use B. used C. am using D. have used
24.( 2016河南,33) Everyone wants to reach the top of the mountain, but all the happiness happens while you ______ it.
A. climb B. climbed C. are climbing D. have climbed
25.( 2016河北,32) Oh no! I ______ my book in the lab.
A. leave B. left C. will leave D. was leaving
26. (2016北京,27) I's nice to see you again. We ______ each other since 2014.
A. won't see B. don't see C. haven't seen D. didn't see
27.(2016天津,27) My mother ______ dinner when I got home yesterday.
A. has cooked B. was cooking C. will cook D. cooks
28.(2016重庆,38,★) Don't worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when
you ______ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
考点2 动词语态
1.(2018重庆,34) The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ______ in China. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
2.(2018福建,32 ) Paper - making ______ by the Chinese in the Western Han
dynasty(朝代).
A.is invented B. invented C. was invented
3.(2018湖南长沙, 27) British physicist Stephen Hawking, who ______ as the ‘ smartest man alive ’, passed away in England on March 14 ,2018.
A. praised B. was praised C. will be praised
4.(2018江苏南京,7) --- Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
--- Sure! It ______ by Mozi over 2 ,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
5.( 2018河北,34) Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ______ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
6.( 2018新疆乌鲁木齐,28) --- Can you go to the movies with me tonight?
--- I have to ask my mum. If I ______, I will go with you.
A. allow B. allowed C. am allowed D. was allowed
7.( 2018天津,33) Dr Bethune ______ still ______ in both China and Canada
today.
A. is; remembered B. is; remembering
C. will; remember D. has; remembered
8. (2018沈阳,2) There will be fewer workers in factories because most work
______ by robots in the future.
A. is done B. was done C. will be done D. will do
9.( 2018江西,34) Kids have to take many after-school classes. They _____ hard
to study for good grades.
A. push B. are pushed C. are pushing D. have pushed
10. (2018广东,43) Many shops in China ______ to shut down as a new law
against ivory( 象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st，2018.
A. ordered B. didn't order C. were ordered D. weren't ordered
11.(2017北京,29) The mobile phone _______ in 1973.
A. invents B. is invented C. invented D. was invented
12.(2017天津,34) Let's wait and see whether books ______ by the Internet in the
future.
A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced
13.(2017上海,38)The museum ______ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.
A. is decorated B. will decorate
C. is decorating D. will be decorated
14.(2017重庆,27 )This picture ______ by my cousin last year.
A. draws B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn
15.(2017河南,29) --- Why are you leaving your job?
--- I can't stand it any longer. I ______ always ______ to work overtime.
A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked
16.(2017河北,35 ) Hangzhou _______ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping
for silk there.
A. knows B. is known C. was known D. will be known
17.(2017安徽,42) Mr. Green _______ to sing an English song at the party and he
sang well.
A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites
18.(2017福建, 31) Eleven Chinese films during the 7th Chinese Film Festival in
France last month.
A. showed B. are shown C. were shown
19.(2016北京,29) A new road，near my school next year.
A. builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built
20.(2016河南,31,★) We are going to take the high-speed train to Xian tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station
A. advises B. is advised C. is advising D. was advised
21.(2016天津,35 ) Paper first about 2, 000 years ago in China.
A. is; creating B. is; created C. has; created D. was; created
22.( 2016重庆,29 ) Students do less homework now. Usually it ______ before 9
o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B. finished C. is finished D. was finished
23.(2016宁夏,34) --- Can I move into the new room?
--- No, you can't. It ______ soon.
A. is painted B. will paint C. will be painted D. was painted
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中考英语语法专题
动词的时态和语态
目 录
中考解读
试题分析
中考试题 核心考点 考查能力 考察频率
2018江苏，7 动词的语态 掌握常考被动语态的结构并运用 ★★★☆☆
2017重庆，36 动词的时态 正确运用常用的时态 ★★★☆☆
2016北京，27 动词的时态 正确运用常用的时态 ★★★☆☆
2015重庆，37 动词的语态 掌握常考被动语态的结构并运用 ★★★☆☆
2014上海，38 动词的时态 正确运用常用的时态 ★★★☆☆
分析解读
从近五年的中考试题来看，对动词时态和语态的考查形式主要是单项选择。从考察内容上看，动词的时态主要考查：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时和过去进行时。动词的语态主要考查：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时和含情态动词的被动语态。考生在备考时需熟记各种时态和语态的结构，并通过一定题量的训练来加以巩固。
知识清单
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延续性动词 work, stand, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, read, sleep, sing, live, etc.
非延续性动词 die, arrive, close, become, come, fall, leave, go, jump, join, buy, borrow, start, begin, etc.
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若表示动作、状态持续时， 用延续性动词:
We have studied English for three years.
He has worked at that factory since he came to the city.
2. 延续性动词一般不与表示点的时间状语连用:
注意：不可以说 It rained at eight yesterday morning.
但可以借助非延续性动词来表达：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.
3. 若表示一次性的动作是，用非延续性动词。非延续性动词的否定式可以表示延续性的动作:
I put on my coat quickly and went out.
注意：不可以说 We came back until 9:00.
但可以说：We didn’t come back until 9:00.
4. 非延续性动词不能用表示时间段的状语来修饰，要把动词或时间状语作适当调整，句子才能合理:
注意：不可以说 The old man has died for three years.
但可以说：The old man died three years ago.
The old man has been dead for three years.
It is three years since the old man died.
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1. It has been / It’s + 时间段 + since 从句 （动词用过去式）：
It has been / It’s two years since his grandma died.
他的祖母已去世两年了。
2. 时间段 + has passed + since 从句 （动词用过去式）：
Many years has passed since we knew each other.
我们已经认识很多年了。
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动词变动词 buy → have, borrow → keep
变为“be + adj. / adv.” begin → be on close / open → be closed / open
die → be dead finish → be over get up → be up come → be here
marry → be married go → be off return → be back arrive → be there
变为“be + 介词” come / go →be in / at join → be in (或 be + 成员)
put on → be in (或 wear)
解题技巧
对动词的时态的考查在中考试题中比较多，解题技巧在于：1.时间状语提示法：一些特定的时间状语往往标志着一些特定的时态；2.语境推测法：题中没有明确的时间标志，以特定的语言环境暗示出动作发生的时间背景，我们就必须从句子前后的意思推测和判断出“时间点”；3. 固定句型：在一些固定句型中，往往对谓语动词使用何种时态有清楚的限定。比如：含有由as soon as, when引导的时间状语从句以及由if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中要符合“主将从现”的原则，这也是判断时态的一个依据。
真题演练
1.(2018上海,38 )The film Operation Red Sea ______ a lot of praise since its first
show months ago.
A. wins B. win C. will win D. has won
【解析】D。句意：电影《红海行动》自从几个月前的首映以来，已经藏得了大量的赞扬。
本题考查动词的现在完成时态。根据since...可知该句应用现在完成时,故选D项。
真题演练
2.(2018湖北武汉,31) --- Do you still play baseball?
--- Oh, no. I ______ it for the past two years.
A. haven't played B. didn't play C. won't play D. hadn't played
【解析】A。句意：——你还打篮球吗?
——哦，不。过去的两年里我没打过篮球。
本题考查现在完成时。根据本句的时间状语for the past two years可知,本空用现在完成时。故本题
选择A。
真题演练
3.(2018湖北武汉，29) My sister ______ the piano very well, but she hasn't had time to play recently.
A. will play B. has played C. played D. plays
【解析】D。句意：我妹妹 (姐姐) 弹钢琴弹得非常好，但是近来她没有时间弹。
本题考查一般现在时。妹妹(姐姐)弹钢琴弹得非常好是她具备的一种能力，本空应用一般现在时，
故本题选择D。
真题演练
4.(2018山东青岛,14) ---It's time to work now.
---OK. I‘ll wake Carl up. He ______ for an hour.
A. has fallen asleep B. has been asleep C. fell asleep D. falls asleep
【解析】B。句意：——现在到工作的时间了。
——好的。我将叫醒卡尔。他已经睡了一个小时了。
本题考查动词的时态。“for+时间段”是现在完成时的标志，排除C和D，根据for an hour可知用
延续性动词，故选B。
真题演练
5.(2018河南,28) ---Honey , where are you?
---I _____. Just let me put on my shoes.
A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come
【解析】C。句意：——亲爱的，你在哪儿?
——马上来，让我穿上鞋。
本题考查动词的时态。根据语境可知这个动作是将要发生，属于将来时态，come这个词可以用现
在进行时表示将来，所以选C项。
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时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句
一般现在时 do / does am / is /are + done We clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned by us.
一般过去时 did was / were + done He made the kite.
The kite was made by him.
现在进行时 am / is / are + doing am / is / are + being done She is watering the flowers.
The flowers are being watered by her.
现在完成时 have / has + done have / has + been done Jim has finished the work.
The work has been finished by Jim.
一般将来时 will / shall /be going to + do will / shall / be going to + be done They will plant trees tomorrow.
Trees will be planted by them tomorrow.
过去进行时 was / were + doing was / were + being done She was writing a letter this time yesterday.
A letter was being written by her this time yesterday.
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用法 例句
一、主动语态变为被动语态
1. 要将主动句中的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变成主格
2. 把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并做 by 的宾语。
3. 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。 We asked him to sing an English song.
He was asked to sing an English song by us.
二、带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态
谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转换成主语。若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词 to 或 for。 She gave me a book.
I was given a book by her.
(间接宾语me转变成主语)
A book was given to me by her.
(直接宾语 a book 转变成主语)
三、动词短语变被动语态
许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。但是动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。 The old should be spoken to politely.
( to 不可省略 )
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四、带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态
宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。变被动语态时，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，成为主语补足语。 I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.
Jane was heard playing the piano in her room.
五、被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中在感官动词 see, hear, watch, feel, notice 等以及使役动词 let, make, have 等后跟省略 to 的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号 to。 He makes the girl stay at home.
The girl is made to stay at home by him.
解题技巧
判断被动语态的技巧：对于被动语态试题，学生主要是要学会分析句子的主语与谓语动词之间的关系，即主语是动作的执行者还是承受者要根据句子的意思进行判断，然后根据句子中的时间，做出正确的选择。
被动语态时态判断法：被动语态的使用离不开时态，所以应根据句中所提供的时间状语或上下文的暗示来分析判断应该使用哪种时态的被动语态。
真题演练
1.(2018重庆,34) The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ______ in China. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
【解析】D。句意：2022 年冬奥会将在中国举办。我确信它将会是很成功的。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语The 2022 Winter Olympic Games和谓语动词hold之间为被动关系，
且2022年表示将来的时间，故用一般将来时的被动语态。A：一般现在时的主动语态；B：一般将来时
的主动语态；C：一般过去时的被动语态，均与题意不符。
【审题技巧】凡是选项有被动语态的题都要先看主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系，如果是主动关系就用主动
语态，如果是被动关系就用被动语态。
真题演练
2.(2018福建,32 ) Paper - making ______ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代).
A.is invented B. invented C. was invented
【解析】C。句意：造纸术是在西汉时由中国人发明的。
本题考查动词的语态。因句子主语“Paper-making”是动作的承受者，故使用被动语态，先排除B。
因时间状语是‘in the Wester Han dynasty’，故应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
真题演练
3.(2018湖南长沙, 27) British physicist Stephen Hawking, who ______ as the ‘ smartest man
alive ’, passed away in England on March 14 ,2018.
A. praised B. was praised C. will be praised
【解析】B。句意：被赞誉为“世界上最聪明的人”的英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金于2018年3月14日在英
格兰逝世。
本题考查时态和语态。主语Stephen Hawking和动词praise构成被动关系。且时间状语为表过去的
时间，故本题应使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词过去分词，故选B。
真题演练
4.(2018江苏南京,7) --- Simon, do you know who invented the kite?
--- Sure! It ______ by Mozi over 2 ,000 years ago.
A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented
【解析】C。句意：——Simon，你知道谁发明了风筝吗?
——当然！它是在2,000多年前由墨子发明的。
本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语over 2,000 years ago可知，应用过去时；再根据by
Mozi可知，应用被动语态，故选C项。
真题演练
5.( 2018河北,34) Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ______ in it.
A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed
【解析】B。句意：看这张图片。排在前五的电视剧被列在它的上面。
本题考查时态和语态。The top five TV plays 与list之间为被动关系，由此可知本空用被动语态，
故应选择B或D选项。再根据句意可知本空用一般现在时态，故选择B。
【方法技巧】被动语态这一考点侧重考查时态和语态的结合，由此可确定被动语态试题的常见解题步
骤：第一步，根据句意或主语和谓语动词的关系来确定语态；第二步，判断时态。
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专题点拨
区别 例句
1. 侧重点不同：
现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。 Yesterday I went to the zoo.
昨天我去了动物园。
（仅说明昨天去了动物园，未提及现在）
Li Lei has read the book.
李雷已读过那本书。（说明李雷了解那本书的内容）
2. 时间状语：
与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：already, jet, still, just, so far, in the last / past few years, before, ever, never, since 引出的时间，for引出的时间等。而一般过去时则常与ago, yesterday, last year, in 2000, just now 等连用。 My father bought that watch ten years ago.
我爸爸10年前买的那块手表。
I have never seen the film before.
我以前从没看过这部影片。
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专题点拨
用法 例句
1. open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash, cut, drive 等词作不及物动词且它们的主语为物时，可用主动语态表被动意义。 This pen writes very smoothly.
这支钢笔写起来很流畅。
2. look, sound, taste, smell 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。 Moon cakes taste delicious.
月饼尝起来很美味。
3. 在 be worth doing 中, doing 表被动意义。 This book is worth reading.
这本书值得一读。
4. want / need / require + doing 相当于 want / need / require + to be done. to be done 表示不定式的被动结构。 My bike needs repairing.
= My bike needs to be repaired.
我的自行车需要修理。
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专题点拨
用法 例句
1. 当主动句的宾语是 each other 或反身代词时，不能变为被动语态。 The man introduced himself as Mr. White. (主动语态)
那个人介绍自己是怀特先生。
Himself was introduced as Mr. White. ( 错误 )
They help each other study English. (主动语态)
他们互相帮助学习英语。
Each other is helped to study English. ( 错误 )
2. 当主动句的宾语是不定式或 doing 时，不能变为被动语态。 My brother enjoys watching TV. (主动语态)
我弟弟喜欢看电视。
Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother. ( 错误 )
He asked to have a try. (主动语态)
他请求试一试。
To have a try was asked by him. ( 错误 )
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