人教版高中英语选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity language points课件 （共79张）
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| 名称 | 人教版高中英语选修8Unit 1 A land of diversity language points课件 （共79张） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2019-05-26 17:56:00 | ||
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课件79张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversity
中国的人口很多，其中，70%是农民。
The population of China is large, and 70 percent of the population are farmers.populationlive on (1)继续存在
（2）靠-------生活,以----为主食。
live with 忍受，忍耐
live up to (one's ideal/promise/ expection）不辜负
live through 经历过，经过--之后还活着
Live on练习
(1)He ______________both world wars.
(2)He passed away ten years ago ,but his memory________.
(3)He had to _________ a small income.
(4)We Chinese __________rice.
(5)You will have to ________his hot temper, I am afraid. (6)I find it difficult for me _______________my mothers ideal. lives on lived through live on live on live with to live up to However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
然而, 可能至少在15, 000 年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。(B8 P2)It is likely that... 有可能做某事
=It is probable that…
=It is possible that…
=sb be likely to do…1. 非常可能, 火星上没有生命。
______________________ there was no life on Mars.
2.她今晚有可能给我打电话。
It is likely/probable/ possible that she will ring me up tonight.
She is likely to ring me up tonight.
It is very likely that the majority of …大多数的
大多数学生支持这个计划。
The majority of the students are in favor of the plan.
大部分的破坏容易修复？
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.majority By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国的第31个州的时候, 它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。(B8 P2)运用：用所给词的适当形式填空。
⑴ Barack Obama____________________ (elect) President of the United States.
⑵ He was elected _________ (study) abroad.
(3) Our class is selecting _____ new monitor. Peter is so popular that he may be elected_____ monitor.
a ;/ B./;a
C.a; the D.the; a to studywas elected (as)A It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们相信，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。(B8 P3)句型 It is believed/ thought/ said/ reported/ hoped that... 据信; 人们认为仿写 根据汉语意思完成下列句子
⑴ 人们相信健康重于财富。
⑴It is believed that health is above wealth.
⑵ 人们认为他是最好的世界上演奏家。
⑵It is thought that he is the best player in the world.1.李先生家住在边远的山村。(settle down)
2.全家靠微薄的收入度日。1.Mr Li’s family settled down in a remote mountain area.2.His family lived on a poor income.3.他现在在大学学的是计算机科学。(major in)
4.计算机学习包括许多困难的方面。(take in)3.He is majoring in computer science at college.4.Computer study takes in many difficult aspects.5.他之前一直在寻求很多想法。(a good/great many)
6.他有了令人振奋的点子。(occur to)5.He had been searching for a great many ideas.6.An inspiring idea occurred to him.7.他决心做一份零工而不想过穷日子。(rather than)
8.他认为他应该申请一份工作。(apply for)7.He was determined to do a part-time job rather than live a poor life.8.He thought he should apply for a job.9.该工作可将他所学的知识与要做的工作相结合。(mix...with)
10.现在，他正通过勤奋工作而开始过上新生活。(make a new life，by means of)9.The job could mix what he has learnt with what he is doing.10.He is now making a new life by means of hard work. Mr Li’s family settled down in a remote mountain area and lived on a poor income. He is majoring in computer science at college，which takes in many difficult aspects. He had been searching for a great many ideas before an inspiring idea occurred to him. He was determined to do a part-time job rather than live a poor life. He thought he should apply for a job, which could mix what he has learnt with what he is doing. He is now making a new life by means of hard work.3. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. 1911年, 丹麦建立了自己的城镇, 至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。(B8 P2)运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 我认为跟上时代是很重要的。
I think __ important that we keep up _____ the times.
⑵ 我希望好天气会继续下去。
I hope the good weather ___________. will keep upitwith4. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。(B8 P2)运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 他们依靠努力工作而获得成功。
They succeeded ____________________.
⑵ 思想是藉语言文字表达的。
Thoughts are expressed ______________ . by means of wordsby means of hard work5. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生, 出现, 被想起(B8 P5)提醒 occur是不及物动词, 不能带宾语, 不能用于被动语态。运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 我想起了一个好主意。
A good idea ______________.
⑵ 我就要离开时, 想起来忘了带钥匙。
Just as I was leaving the house, ________________that I had forgotten my keys. it occurred to meoccurred to me6. Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter＆Terri) and hired a car. 同饭店的一对夫妻作伴, 一起租了一辆小汽车。(B8 P8)运用 用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。
⑴ They hire ____boats by the hour.
⑵ A City lawyer has been hired ______ (handle) the case. to handleout7. It’s a 79 km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. 这是一次往返79公里的旅行, 涵盖了所有的著名旅游景点。(B8 P8)运用 填入一个适当的词或根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ Once they are out on the street, the cars will ____________ (吸进空气) and replace it with poison gases.
⑵ The United Kingdom takes _ England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. in take in air8. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. 从1882年到1940年, 天使岛成为一个著名的移民站, 许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。(B8 P8)运用 填入一个适当的词。
⑴ I’ll apply ____the job today.
⑵ What you said doesn’t apply ___me. tofor句
型
积
累 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, 1 __is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 解析：作形式主语。itScientists believe that these first settlers 2 _______(cross) the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America 3 ___means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the 4 ______ (arrive) of Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. 解析：2. 谓语动词过去时。
解析：3. 构成固定词组。
解析：4. 冠词后面需要接名词形式。crossedbyarrival Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 5 ___addition, many died from the diseases brought by Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans 6 _____(live) in California than in any other state.解析：5. 构成固定词组。
解析： there be 结构后的动词必须使用非谓语动词, 主动关系, 用-ing形式。livingIn In the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century,7 _____ they fought against the native people and 8 ____(take) their land. 解析：7. 引导定语从句, 在从句中作状语, 补充说明前面的时间名词。
解析：8. and前后的动词形式必须相互照应。whentookTwo centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of 9 ___first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, 10 ______ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.解析：9. 序数词前面用the表顺序。
解析：10. 引起定语从句, 在句中作定语。whosethe The most multicultural state with the largest population in America, California attracts immigrants worldwide at different periods due to its climate and the lifestyle, starting from native Americans 15, 000 years ago.课文概括 A California woman divorced her husband last month because he played computer games at night and slept during the day; another faced jail after stabbing and beating her husband because of his snoring(打鼾). Both examples are 1 into a serious but
2 discussed dangerous field for couples: sleep disharmony.1. A. considerations B. divisions
C. additions D. glimpses
1.D 这些例子(使我们)“瞥”见了夫妻间一个严肃但“很少”被人提及的话题：睡眠不和谐。2. A. frequently B. rarely
C. badly D. warmly
2.B 参见上题解析, rarely discussed意为“很少被提及的……”。 Research by the Sleep Council has found that half of us are regularly 3 about six times a night by our 4 , particularly if they snore. 3. A. eared B. hurt C. woken D. shaken
3.C根据后面的“particularly if they snore”可知此处表示这些研究表明我们有一半的人每晚都会被我们的同伴惊“醒”约6次。4. A. friends B. enemies C. partners D. children
4.C从前文所讲的婚姻的不幸可判断讲述的是夫妻之间因打鼾而引起的问题, 因此选C, 下文倒数第二段最后一句也有提示。A psychologist says that it often 5 in relationship disharmony. The problem is so great that more people seem to be taking 6 beds.5. A. results B. snores
C. corresponds D. lives
A此处表示一个心理学家说这会“导致”关系不和谐。6. A. prepared B. double C. small D. single
D睡眠不和谐这个问题如此严重, 以至于更多的人去睡“单人”床。 The Sleep Council says that one in four of us regularly retreats IQ a spare room or a sofa for a 7 night’s sleep, and the National Association of Home Builders 8 that by 2015 more than 60 percent of custom-built houses will have double 9 bedrooms.7. A. cool B. comfortable C. luxurious D. warm
7.B根据语境可知, 我们中四分之一的人通常都会去空房间里或者沙发上睡个“舒服”觉。8. A. predicts B. thinks C. means D. implies
8.A根据空后的by 2015说明是对将来的“预测”。9. A. family B. servant C. master D. guest
9.C全国居家房屋建造协会预测到2015年将有60％之多的定制房会被要求建造两个“主”卧室。This is the right 10 , say all 11 number of psychologists and sleep experts. In a 24/7 world where sleep is increasingly 12 , it may represent the future.10. A. arrival B. approach C. direction D. thought
10.B这个是正确处理问题的“方法”。11. A. increasing B. developing
C. improving D. decreasing
11.A此处表示“越来越多”的心理学家和睡眠专家认为这个方法是正确的。12. A. expensive B. valuable C. precious D. worthy
12.C根据语境在睡眠时间越来越“宝贵”的24/7(每天24小时, 睡眠7个小时)世界, 这(定做两个“主”卧)会是将来的趋势。 Snoring is the most obvious 13 of bedtime tensions. About a quarter of us — 15 million people-are snorers, according to the British Snoring and Sleep Apnoea Association, and may be depriving their partners of two hours sleep a night.13. A. consequence B. way
C. cause D. effect
13.C根据语境打鼾是睡觉时紧张不安的最明显的一个“原因”。 Outside the bed, different sleep cycles can be different. Every one of us has a different body 14 with some of us preferring the early hours (known by sleep experts as larks) and some late nights (known by sleep experts as 15 ).14. A. clock B. watch C. sense D. judgment
A根据语境可知, 我们每个人都有不同的“生物钟”。 15. A. birds B. owls C. hares D. seagulls
B这里用百灵鸟(在白天活动)和猫头鹰(在晚上活动)作对比来解释人们不同的生物钟, 有人喜欢早起, 有人喜欢熬夜。divorce离婚 disharmony不和谐
regularly 定期地 particularly 特别地
increasingly 越来越多地
represent代表; 象征
a quarter of 四分之一的
according to 根据
deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物[助读词汇]二、阅读理解 (A)
[2010安徽] American cities are similar to other cities around the world: In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. American cities are changing， just as American society is changing.
After World War II, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population moves to and from the city, which reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs. Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest. Many young professionals are moving back into the city. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers. This population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits. Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent. In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities. Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright, new future. Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure: many dying cities are alive again.[助读词汇]What does the author think of cities all
over the world?A. They are alive.
B. They are hopeless.
C. They are similar.
D. They are different.解析：C细节理解题。由文章的第一句American cities are similar to other cities around the world判断。2. Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War II?A. Because older American cities were dying.
B. Because they were richer and needed more space.
C. Because cities contained the worst parts of society.
D. Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.解析：B细节理解题。由文章第二段的中的city residents became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space可以判断。3. According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in American cities ____.A. are faced with housing problems
B. are forced to move to the suburbs
C. want to sell their buildings
D. need more money for daily expenses解析：A细节理解题。由第四段的Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because ...可知。4. The underlined word “shift” (Para.4)
probably means “ ____ ”.A. reduction B. Explosion
C. growth D. change解析：D词义猜测题。由第三段的They continue to move to ...Many young professionals are moving ...可推出shift的意思为“改变”。5. We can conclude from the passage that ____ .A. American cities are changing for the worse
B. people have different views on American cities
C. many people are now moving from American cities
D. the population is decreasing in older American cities解析：B推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述了两种不同的态度, 由此推知答案是B。（B）
[2009全国] Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern , ” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. “Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework.” He points out that differences among households exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. “And the situation gets worse for women when they have children.” Stafford said.
Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005.
Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours， while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most-about 21 hours a week.
Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.
Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’ 10 hours.[助读词汇]6. According to the “well-known pattern”
in Paragraph 1, a married man ___.A. takes on heavier work
B. does more housework
C. is the main breadwinner
D. is the master of the house6.C推理判断题。结合第一段内容, 特别是最后一句“Men usually work more outside the home， while women take on more of the housework”可判断男人作为家庭中的支柱——养家糊口的人, 从事的家务劳动相对较少。这是众所周知的生活模式。7. How many hours of housework did men do every week in the 1970s?A. About 28. B. About 26.
C. About 13. D. About 6.解析：D细节理解题。第三段中的Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005一句表明: 在20世纪70年代男人做家务的平均时间是每周6小时。8. What kind of man is doing most
housework according to the passage?A. An unmarried man.
B. An older married man.
C. A younger married man.
D. A married man with children.解析：A推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知, 老年男人比年轻男人做的家务多、单身男人做家务最卖力, 比其他年龄组的男人都多。A. Marriage gives men more freedom.
B. Marriage has effects on job choices.
C. Housework sharing changes over time.
D. Having children means doubled housework.9. What can we conclude from Stafford’s research?解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段中的Overall, times are changing in the American home和文章中的大量数字可知, 随着时间的变化男女分担家务的时间也在发生变化。10. What kind of woman is doing most housework according to the passage?A. An unmarried woman.
B. A married woman in her 30s.
C. A woman with more than three children.
D. A married woman in her 60s.解析：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段, 如果一个家庭超过三个孩子, 那么妻子每周干家务的时间大约28个小时, 为文章中所阐述的干家务时间最长的。概括说明文的内容要点一、概括方法
如果所给出的材料是说明一种社会现象的文章, 我们应该先找出文章说明了一种什么现象, 分析产生这种现象的原因, 结果如何, 或者针对这种现象提出的解决措施或建议。即：现象+原因+结果(措施或建议)。二、超级仿写
(2009广东)阅读下面的短文, 然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala (考拉, 树袋熊) at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off. That’s right — sleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy.
The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged and photographed by tourists, who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal, which is understandable. How would you react, my friend, if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some round, furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you?[写作内容]
1.以约30个词概括短文的主要内容；
2.然后以约120个词就“该不该禁止游客和动物拍照”进行议论, 内容包括：
(1)人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍照；
(2)假如你处在那些动物的处境, 你会有什么反应；
(3)你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照。 Should tourists take photos with animals?
(现象) Koalas in wildlife parks can’t fall asleep (原因)because tourists keep disturbing them. (结果)Therefore, the movement is thinking to make the tourists’ behaviour illegal to protect the animals.
When people are visiting wildlife parks， they like to take photographs with animals. Reasons for this are varied. Others may think that it will be an interesting experience to take photos with animals during their visit.
If I were an animal in the wildlife park, I would feel annoyed when people keep photographing with me. My life would be greatly influenced and I wouldn’t feel happy at all! I think I should have some private space and time to relax myself. However, I don’t agree if it is announced illegal to take photos with animals. Tourists pay for tickets to visit the wildlife park and it will be a pity for them if they can’t have a photo with an animal. Perhaps wildlife parks can set some special time, during which tourists can take photos with animals. It can both satisfy tourists and protect the animals.
中国的人口很多，其中，70%是农民。
The population of China is large, and 70 percent of the population are farmers.populationlive on (1)继续存在
（2）靠-------生活,以----为主食。
live with 忍受，忍耐
live up to (one's ideal/promise/ expection）不辜负
live through 经历过，经过--之后还活着
Live on练习
(1)He ______________both world wars.
(2)He passed away ten years ago ,but his memory________.
(3)He had to _________ a small income.
(4)We Chinese __________rice.
(5)You will have to ________his hot temper, I am afraid. (6)I find it difficult for me _______________my mothers ideal. lives on lived through live on live on live with to live up to However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
然而, 可能至少在15, 000 年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。(B8 P2)It is likely that... 有可能做某事
=It is probable that…
=It is possible that…
=sb be likely to do…1. 非常可能, 火星上没有生命。
______________________ there was no life on Mars.
2.她今晚有可能给我打电话。
It is likely/probable/ possible that she will ring me up tonight.
She is likely to ring me up tonight.
It is very likely that the majority of …大多数的
大多数学生支持这个计划。
The majority of the students are in favor of the plan.
大部分的破坏容易修复？
The majority of the damage is easy to repair.majority By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国的第31个州的时候, 它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。(B8 P2)运用：用所给词的适当形式填空。
⑴ Barack Obama____________________ (elect) President of the United States.
⑵ He was elected _________ (study) abroad.
(3) Our class is selecting _____ new monitor. Peter is so popular that he may be elected_____ monitor.
a ;/ B./;a
C.a; the D.the; a to studywas elected (as)A It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们相信，用不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。(B8 P3)句型 It is believed/ thought/ said/ reported/ hoped that... 据信; 人们认为仿写 根据汉语意思完成下列句子
⑴ 人们相信健康重于财富。
⑴It is believed that health is above wealth.
⑵ 人们认为他是最好的世界上演奏家。
⑵It is thought that he is the best player in the world.1.李先生家住在边远的山村。(settle down)
2.全家靠微薄的收入度日。1.Mr Li’s family settled down in a remote mountain area.2.His family lived on a poor income.3.他现在在大学学的是计算机科学。(major in)
4.计算机学习包括许多困难的方面。(take in)3.He is majoring in computer science at college.4.Computer study takes in many difficult aspects.5.他之前一直在寻求很多想法。(a good/great many)
6.他有了令人振奋的点子。(occur to)5.He had been searching for a great many ideas.6.An inspiring idea occurred to him.7.他决心做一份零工而不想过穷日子。(rather than)
8.他认为他应该申请一份工作。(apply for)7.He was determined to do a part-time job rather than live a poor life.8.He thought he should apply for a job.9.该工作可将他所学的知识与要做的工作相结合。(mix...with)
10.现在，他正通过勤奋工作而开始过上新生活。(make a new life，by means of)9.The job could mix what he has learnt with what he is doing.10.He is now making a new life by means of hard work. Mr Li’s family settled down in a remote mountain area and lived on a poor income. He is majoring in computer science at college，which takes in many difficult aspects. He had been searching for a great many ideas before an inspiring idea occurred to him. He was determined to do a part-time job rather than live a poor life. He thought he should apply for a job, which could mix what he has learnt with what he is doing. He is now making a new life by means of hard work.3. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. 1911年, 丹麦建立了自己的城镇, 至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。(B8 P2)运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 我认为跟上时代是很重要的。
I think __ important that we keep up _____ the times.
⑵ 我希望好天气会继续下去。
I hope the good weather ___________. will keep upitwith4. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。(B8 P2)运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 他们依靠努力工作而获得成功。
They succeeded ____________________.
⑵ 思想是藉语言文字表达的。
Thoughts are expressed ______________ . by means of wordsby means of hard work5. occur (occurred, occurred) vi.发生, 出现, 被想起(B8 P5)提醒 occur是不及物动词, 不能带宾语, 不能用于被动语态。运用 根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ 我想起了一个好主意。
A good idea ______________.
⑵ 我就要离开时, 想起来忘了带钥匙。
Just as I was leaving the house, ________________that I had forgotten my keys. it occurred to meoccurred to me6. Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter＆Terri) and hired a car. 同饭店的一对夫妻作伴, 一起租了一辆小汽车。(B8 P8)运用 用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。
⑴ They hire ____boats by the hour.
⑵ A City lawyer has been hired ______ (handle) the case. to handleout7. It’s a 79 km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. 这是一次往返79公里的旅行, 涵盖了所有的著名旅游景点。(B8 P8)运用 填入一个适当的词或根据汉语完成句子。
⑴ Once they are out on the street, the cars will ____________ (吸进空气) and replace it with poison gases.
⑵ The United Kingdom takes _ England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. in take in air8. From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. 从1882年到1940年, 天使岛成为一个著名的移民站, 许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。(B8 P8)运用 填入一个适当的词。
⑴ I’ll apply ____the job today.
⑵ What you said doesn’t apply ___me. tofor句
型
积
累 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, 1 __is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 解析：作形式主语。itScientists believe that these first settlers 2 _______(cross) the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America 3 ___means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the 4 ______ (arrive) of Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. 解析：2. 谓语动词过去时。
解析：3. 构成固定词组。
解析：4. 冠词后面需要接名词形式。crossedbyarrival Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 5 ___addition, many died from the diseases brought by Europeans. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans 6 _____(live) in California than in any other state.解析：5. 构成固定词组。
解析： there be 结构后的动词必须使用非谓语动词, 主动关系, 用-ing形式。livingIn In the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century,7 _____ they fought against the native people and 8 ____(take) their land. 解析：7. 引导定语从句, 在从句中作状语, 补充说明前面的时间名词。
解析：8. and前后的动词形式必须相互照应。whentookTwo centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of 9 ___first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, 10 ______ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.解析：9. 序数词前面用the表顺序。
解析：10. 引起定语从句, 在句中作定语。whosethe The most multicultural state with the largest population in America, California attracts immigrants worldwide at different periods due to its climate and the lifestyle, starting from native Americans 15, 000 years ago.课文概括 A California woman divorced her husband last month because he played computer games at night and slept during the day; another faced jail after stabbing and beating her husband because of his snoring(打鼾). Both examples are 1 into a serious but
2 discussed dangerous field for couples: sleep disharmony.1. A. considerations B. divisions
C. additions D. glimpses
1.D 这些例子(使我们)“瞥”见了夫妻间一个严肃但“很少”被人提及的话题：睡眠不和谐。2. A. frequently B. rarely
C. badly D. warmly
2.B 参见上题解析, rarely discussed意为“很少被提及的……”。 Research by the Sleep Council has found that half of us are regularly 3 about six times a night by our 4 , particularly if they snore. 3. A. eared B. hurt C. woken D. shaken
3.C根据后面的“particularly if they snore”可知此处表示这些研究表明我们有一半的人每晚都会被我们的同伴惊“醒”约6次。4. A. friends B. enemies C. partners D. children
4.C从前文所讲的婚姻的不幸可判断讲述的是夫妻之间因打鼾而引起的问题, 因此选C, 下文倒数第二段最后一句也有提示。A psychologist says that it often 5 in relationship disharmony. The problem is so great that more people seem to be taking 6 beds.5. A. results B. snores
C. corresponds D. lives
A此处表示一个心理学家说这会“导致”关系不和谐。6. A. prepared B. double C. small D. single
D睡眠不和谐这个问题如此严重, 以至于更多的人去睡“单人”床。 The Sleep Council says that one in four of us regularly retreats IQ a spare room or a sofa for a 7 night’s sleep, and the National Association of Home Builders 8 that by 2015 more than 60 percent of custom-built houses will have double 9 bedrooms.7. A. cool B. comfortable C. luxurious D. warm
7.B根据语境可知, 我们中四分之一的人通常都会去空房间里或者沙发上睡个“舒服”觉。8. A. predicts B. thinks C. means D. implies
8.A根据空后的by 2015说明是对将来的“预测”。9. A. family B. servant C. master D. guest
9.C全国居家房屋建造协会预测到2015年将有60％之多的定制房会被要求建造两个“主”卧室。This is the right 10 , say all 11 number of psychologists and sleep experts. In a 24/7 world where sleep is increasingly 12 , it may represent the future.10. A. arrival B. approach C. direction D. thought
10.B这个是正确处理问题的“方法”。11. A. increasing B. developing
C. improving D. decreasing
11.A此处表示“越来越多”的心理学家和睡眠专家认为这个方法是正确的。12. A. expensive B. valuable C. precious D. worthy
12.C根据语境在睡眠时间越来越“宝贵”的24/7(每天24小时, 睡眠7个小时)世界, 这(定做两个“主”卧)会是将来的趋势。 Snoring is the most obvious 13 of bedtime tensions. About a quarter of us — 15 million people-are snorers, according to the British Snoring and Sleep Apnoea Association, and may be depriving their partners of two hours sleep a night.13. A. consequence B. way
C. cause D. effect
13.C根据语境打鼾是睡觉时紧张不安的最明显的一个“原因”。 Outside the bed, different sleep cycles can be different. Every one of us has a different body 14 with some of us preferring the early hours (known by sleep experts as larks) and some late nights (known by sleep experts as 15 ).14. A. clock B. watch C. sense D. judgment
A根据语境可知, 我们每个人都有不同的“生物钟”。 15. A. birds B. owls C. hares D. seagulls
B这里用百灵鸟(在白天活动)和猫头鹰(在晚上活动)作对比来解释人们不同的生物钟, 有人喜欢早起, 有人喜欢熬夜。divorce离婚 disharmony不和谐
regularly 定期地 particularly 特别地
increasingly 越来越多地
represent代表; 象征
a quarter of 四分之一的
according to 根据
deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物[助读词汇]二、阅读理解 (A)
[2010安徽] American cities are similar to other cities around the world: In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture. American cities are changing， just as American society is changing.
After World War II, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased. Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population moves to and from the city, which reflect the changing values of American society. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, city residents became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space. They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes. They bought houses in the suburbs. Now things are changing. The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults. Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities. They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest. Many young professionals are moving back into the city. They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers. This population shift is bringing problems as well as benefits. Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent. In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities. Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying. Some city residents now see a bright, new future. Others see only problems and conflicts. One thing is sure: many dying cities are alive again.[助读词汇]What does the author think of cities all
over the world?A. They are alive.
B. They are hopeless.
C. They are similar.
D. They are different.解析：C细节理解题。由文章的第一句American cities are similar to other cities around the world判断。2. Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War II?A. Because older American cities were dying.
B. Because they were richer and needed more space.
C. Because cities contained the worst parts of society.
D. Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.解析：B细节理解题。由文章第二段的中的city residents became wealthier. They had more children so they needed more space可以判断。3. According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in American cities ____.A. are faced with housing problems
B. are forced to move to the suburbs
C. want to sell their buildings
D. need more money for daily expenses解析：A细节理解题。由第四段的Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because ...可知。4. The underlined word “shift” (Para.4)
probably means “ ____ ”.A. reduction B. Explosion
C. growth D. change解析：D词义猜测题。由第三段的They continue to move to ...Many young professionals are moving ...可推出shift的意思为“改变”。5. We can conclude from the passage that ____ .A. American cities are changing for the worse
B. people have different views on American cities
C. many people are now moving from American cities
D. the population is decreasing in older American cities解析：B推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述了两种不同的态度, 由此推知答案是B。（B）
[2009全国] Having a husband means an extra seven hours of housework each week for women, according to a new study. For men, getting married saves an hour of housework a week. “It’s a well-known pattern , ” said lead researcher Frank Stafford at University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. “Men usually work more outside the home, while women take on more of the housework.” He points out that differences among households exist. But in general, marriage means more housework for women and less for men. “And the situation gets worse for women when they have children.” Stafford said.
Overall, times are changing in the American home. In 1976, women busied themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work, compared with 17 hours in 2005. Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005.
Single women in their 20s and 30s did the least housework, about 12 weekly hours， while married women in their 60s and 70s did the most-about 21 hours a week.
Men showed a somewhat different pattern, with older men picking up the broom more often than younger men. Single men worked the hardest around the house, more than that of all other age groups of married men.
Having children increases housework even further. With more than three children, for example, wives took on more of the extra work, clocking about 28 hours a week compared with husbands’ 10 hours.[助读词汇]6. According to the “well-known pattern”
in Paragraph 1, a married man ___.A. takes on heavier work
B. does more housework
C. is the main breadwinner
D. is the master of the house6.C推理判断题。结合第一段内容, 特别是最后一句“Men usually work more outside the home， while women take on more of the housework”可判断男人作为家庭中的支柱——养家糊口的人, 从事的家务劳动相对较少。这是众所周知的生活模式。7. How many hours of housework did men do every week in the 1970s?A. About 28. B. About 26.
C. About 13. D. About 6.解析：D细节理解题。第三段中的Men are taking on more housework, more than doubling their housework hours from six in 1976 to 13 in 2005一句表明: 在20世纪70年代男人做家务的平均时间是每周6小时。8. What kind of man is doing most
housework according to the passage?A. An unmarried man.
B. An older married man.
C. A younger married man.
D. A married man with children.解析：A推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知, 老年男人比年轻男人做的家务多、单身男人做家务最卖力, 比其他年龄组的男人都多。A. Marriage gives men more freedom.
B. Marriage has effects on job choices.
C. Housework sharing changes over time.
D. Having children means doubled housework.9. What can we conclude from Stafford’s research?解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段中的Overall, times are changing in the American home和文章中的大量数字可知, 随着时间的变化男女分担家务的时间也在发生变化。10. What kind of woman is doing most housework according to the passage?A. An unmarried woman.
B. A married woman in her 30s.
C. A woman with more than three children.
D. A married woman in her 60s.解析：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段, 如果一个家庭超过三个孩子, 那么妻子每周干家务的时间大约28个小时, 为文章中所阐述的干家务时间最长的。概括说明文的内容要点一、概括方法
如果所给出的材料是说明一种社会现象的文章, 我们应该先找出文章说明了一种什么现象, 分析产生这种现象的原因, 结果如何, 或者针对这种现象提出的解决措施或建议。即：现象+原因+结果(措施或建议)。二、超级仿写
(2009广东)阅读下面的短文, 然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala (考拉, 树袋熊) at the Featherdale Wildlife Park in southern Australia. All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off. That’s right — sleep it off. The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it sleepy.
The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is so they can be hugged and photographed by tourists, who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experience. Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal, which is understandable. How would you react, my friend, if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some round, furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you?[写作内容]
1.以约30个词概括短文的主要内容；
2.然后以约120个词就“该不该禁止游客和动物拍照”进行议论, 内容包括：
(1)人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍照；
(2)假如你处在那些动物的处境, 你会有什么反应；
(3)你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照。 Should tourists take photos with animals?
(现象) Koalas in wildlife parks can’t fall asleep (原因)because tourists keep disturbing them. (结果)Therefore, the movement is thinking to make the tourists’ behaviour illegal to protect the animals.
When people are visiting wildlife parks， they like to take photographs with animals. Reasons for this are varied. Others may think that it will be an interesting experience to take photos with animals during their visit.
If I were an animal in the wildlife park, I would feel annoyed when people keep photographing with me. My life would be greatly influenced and I wouldn’t feel happy at all! I think I should have some private space and time to relax myself. However, I don’t agree if it is announced illegal to take photos with animals. Tourists pay for tickets to visit the wildlife park and it will be a pity for them if they can’t have a photo with an animal. Perhaps wildlife parks can set some special time, during which tourists can take photos with animals. It can both satisfy tourists and protect the animals.