人教 版英语 选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity语言知识课件 （共51张）
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| 名称 | 人教 版英语 选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity语言知识课件 （共51张） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-05-26 22:10:05 | ||
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课件51张PPT。Unit 1Unit 1 A land of diversity1. California is the third largest state in
the USA but has the largest population.
population
(1) 对人口提问用_____, 不用 how many, how much。
e.g. What’s the population of the city?
这个城市有多少人口？what(2) population作主语时用____，但前有 分数、小数、百分数时，谓语动词用 ____。
e.g. The population of China is larger than that of America.
中国人口比美国人口多。
80% of the population are farmers.
百分之80的人口是农民。单数复数(3) 人口的增加或减少用grow (increase) 和fall (decrease); 人口的多少用large 和small。 2. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史
前时代曾经存在的一条大陆桥穿越北
极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。a. 本句的主句是Scientists believe，从 句是that引导的宾语从句。
b. 宾语从句中which引导_________，修 饰先行词___________。land bridge定语从句means n. 方式, 手段(单复数相同)。
e.g. The quickest means of travel is by
plane.
Every possible means has been tried,
but none has worked.
Are there any possible means of getting
there?
Some means are practical while others
are not.◆ 联想记忆：
1) by no means 决不，一点也不
e.g. She is by no means poor; in fact, she is very rich.
2) by this means (in this way) 用这种方式 by means of 用……方式
e.g. He succeeded by means of hard work.
3) by all means 当然可以, 没问题
e.g. - Can I see it? - By all means.3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, …
majority n. 大多数
e.g. The majority were / was for the plan.
1) the majority of the people: most of the
people 大多数人
2) majority常与a /the 连用; most后接名词或 of + n.e.g. The majority of the people / Most
people/ Most of the people are
against the idea of building a new
factory here. 单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。a / the majority of + n. 后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数，谓语动词由后面的名词决定。 The majority __________ for the budget.
The majority of students ____ hard-working.
The majority of the damage ___ easy to repair. was / wereareis4. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century when they fought against the native people and took their land.
16世纪早期, 西班牙士兵到达南美洲, 这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。fight for
为事业, 自由, 真理, 权利等而斗争(战斗)fight for, fight against & fight withe.g. They are fighting for freedom.
他们正为自由而战。fight against (可用with) the enemy
“为反对……而斗争”；接人和国家名词， 意思是“与……战斗”
fight with sb. 也可表示与某人并肩作战fight a war/ battle
打一场战争5. Some died or returned home, but most
remained in California to make a life for
themselves despite great hardship.
有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部分人留在了加利福尼亚，尽管遇到了很大的困难，也开始了新的生活。make a life 开始新的生活
e.g. They go to big cities to make a life.
关于 life的短语：
earn / make / get a living 谋生
lead / live a ... life 过着......的生活6. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, …
人们认为很快民族就会大融合在一起，
从而没有了非常明显的主要种族或文化
群体之分。 [分析]
a. it is believed that ... 表示“人们认 为 ……”，其中it是________，真正的 主语是后面的_________。
b. so ... that ... 如此……以至于……，其中 that引导_____________。形式主语that从句结果状语从句 mix vt. / vi. 混合、掺和 (combine … so that they can’t be separated)
mix A with B
1) He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint.
2) It is better to mix work with pleasure.
3) Oil doesn’t mix with water. ◆ 联想记忆：
mixture n. 混合物
mixed adj. 混合的, 复杂的, 男女混合的
e.g. The city is a mixture of ancient and
modern buildings.
Hearing the news, I had mixed feelings.
A mixed society includes people of
different classes, tastes, etc.He is famous for _______ Chinese
traditional music _____ western
performance forms and instruments.mixing with nationality 国籍, 民族
1) — What is your nationality?
— I’m Chinese.
2) to take American nationality
加入美国国籍7. …, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.
阅读下列句子，观察keep up在句中的 意思。
1) Today the people in the village still keep up their original culture.
2) The snowstorm kept up for five days. 沿袭（风俗、传统等）保持，持续3) Those houses are so strongly built
that they would keep up even in a
violent earthquake.
4) I see you’re getting along well with your English studies. Splendid! You must keep up the good work.保住坚持，维持keep up with 跟上，不落在……后
面；了解；保持联系
keep off 挡住；（使）避开
keep on 继续（干）；坚持（干）1. They could not keep up with us when we climbed the mountain.
爬山的时候，他们跟不上我们。
2. She held an old piece of cloth over them both to keep the rain off.
她把一块旧布料披在他们身上挡雨。
3. You just have to keep on trying.选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
1. In some parks, visitors are requested to ________ the grass.
2. Let’s hope the sunny weather
________ for Saturday’s tennis match.keep offkeeps up1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.
[分析]
a. 本句是一个主从复合句, 也是个______。
b. 主句是 __________________, 从句是______引导的宾语从句。
c. 在宾语从句中, what引导的从句作介
词in的____。no one really knows倒装句when宾语[考点]
exactly精确地，恰好，完全。可构成not exactly，表示“一点也不，不完全是”。2. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
[考点] 此句中的it是_________, 真正 的主语是后面的________。另外, what, how, where, who等也常用作
主语从句的_______。 形式主语that从句引导词3. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
[考点]
why在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可 由what, where, when等引导。 4. Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.
虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了, 但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。 [点拨]
此句为主从复合句, 从句为although引导的让步状语从句, 主句为 it was ... that强调句, 用来强调主语the building of ...。如：
It was being invited to the party that was a great honor to the family.
被邀请参加聚会是这家人的荣幸。 强调句: It is (was) 被强调部分+that (who) + 句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语, 宾语和状语。
原句：My father did the experiment
in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语：
It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语：
It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间：
It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.
(注意不用when)
强调地点：
It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.5. In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians.
最近几十年, 加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家, 其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。 这是一个简单句。句中有in the past few years, in recent years等时间状语时, 句子的谓语动词通常用__________，如: In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. 另外, including是介词,
意为“________________”。现在完成时包括 (于……之中)1. — What n_________ are you?
— I am Chinese.
2. Only a few of them thought highly of the plan. The _______ (大多数) were against it.
3. The Taiwan _______ (海峡) separates Taiwan Island from the mainland.I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。nationality majorityStrait练习坊4. ___________ (移民) in the 1980s was very high.
5. Radio and television are important m____ of communication.
6. The unemployment __________ (百分比) keeps rising.
7. R_____ (种族的) conflicts still exist in many countries.Immigrationmeans percentageRacial1. He crossed the river ___________ a raft.
2. She hopes to __________ from writing children’s books.II. 用所给词组的适当形式填空。by means ofmake a lifemake a life by means of
declare war on
fight against keep up
settle in be forced into doing3. I _____________ taking a taxi because the last bus had left.
4. They ______________ the enemy bravely to gain their freedom.
5. We’re a little disorganized after the move, but do come and see us when we’ve ________.was forced into fought against settled in6. Let’s hope the sunny weather ____________________ for Sunday’s football match.
7. Germany ______________ France on 3rd August 1914.keeps up / will keep updeclared war on现在的人，大部分似乎喜欢玩电脑而不喜欢看电视。(a majority of )
2. 最快的交通工具是飞机。(means)
III. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译 成英语。A majority of people today seem to prefer playing computer to watching TV.The quickest means of travel is by plane.3. 很有可能他不会按时参加晚会。(It is likely that ...)
4. 大家都相信汉语将会在全世界得到更 广泛的传播。(It is believed that ...)It is likely that he will not take part in the party on time.It is believed that Chinese will be spread even more widely in the world.Review the important words and phrases we have learnt today. Thank you!
the USA but has the largest population.
population
(1) 对人口提问用_____, 不用 how many, how much。
e.g. What’s the population of the city?
这个城市有多少人口？what(2) population作主语时用____，但前有 分数、小数、百分数时，谓语动词用 ____。
e.g. The population of China is larger than that of America.
中国人口比美国人口多。
80% of the population are farmers.
百分之80的人口是农民。单数复数(3) 人口的增加或减少用grow (increase) 和fall (decrease); 人口的多少用large 和small。 2. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史
前时代曾经存在的一条大陆桥穿越北
极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。a. 本句的主句是Scientists believe，从 句是that引导的宾语从句。
b. 宾语从句中which引导_________，修 饰先行词___________。land bridge定语从句means n. 方式, 手段(单复数相同)。
e.g. The quickest means of travel is by
plane.
Every possible means has been tried,
but none has worked.
Are there any possible means of getting
there?
Some means are practical while others
are not.◆ 联想记忆：
1) by no means 决不，一点也不
e.g. She is by no means poor; in fact, she is very rich.
2) by this means (in this way) 用这种方式 by means of 用……方式
e.g. He succeeded by means of hard work.
3) by all means 当然可以, 没问题
e.g. - Can I see it? - By all means.3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, …
majority n. 大多数
e.g. The majority were / was for the plan.
1) the majority of the people: most of the
people 大多数人
2) majority常与a /the 连用; most后接名词或 of + n.e.g. The majority of the people / Most
people/ Most of the people are
against the idea of building a new
factory here. 单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。a / the majority of + n. 后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数，谓语动词由后面的名词决定。 The majority __________ for the budget.
The majority of students ____ hard-working.
The majority of the damage ___ easy to repair. was / wereareis4. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century when they fought against the native people and took their land.
16世纪早期, 西班牙士兵到达南美洲, 这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。fight for
为事业, 自由, 真理, 权利等而斗争(战斗)fight for, fight against & fight withe.g. They are fighting for freedom.
他们正为自由而战。fight against (可用with) the enemy
“为反对……而斗争”；接人和国家名词， 意思是“与……战斗”
fight with sb. 也可表示与某人并肩作战fight a war/ battle
打一场战争5. Some died or returned home, but most
remained in California to make a life for
themselves despite great hardship.
有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部分人留在了加利福尼亚，尽管遇到了很大的困难，也开始了新的生活。make a life 开始新的生活
e.g. They go to big cities to make a life.
关于 life的短语：
earn / make / get a living 谋生
lead / live a ... life 过着......的生活6. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, …
人们认为很快民族就会大融合在一起，
从而没有了非常明显的主要种族或文化
群体之分。 [分析]
a. it is believed that ... 表示“人们认 为 ……”，其中it是________，真正的 主语是后面的_________。
b. so ... that ... 如此……以至于……，其中 that引导_____________。形式主语that从句结果状语从句 mix vt. / vi. 混合、掺和 (combine … so that they can’t be separated)
mix A with B
1) He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint.
2) It is better to mix work with pleasure.
3) Oil doesn’t mix with water. ◆ 联想记忆：
mixture n. 混合物
mixed adj. 混合的, 复杂的, 男女混合的
e.g. The city is a mixture of ancient and
modern buildings.
Hearing the news, I had mixed feelings.
A mixed society includes people of
different classes, tastes, etc.He is famous for _______ Chinese
traditional music _____ western
performance forms and instruments.mixing with nationality 国籍, 民族
1) — What is your nationality?
— I’m Chinese.
2) to take American nationality
加入美国国籍7. …, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.
阅读下列句子，观察keep up在句中的 意思。
1) Today the people in the village still keep up their original culture.
2) The snowstorm kept up for five days. 沿袭（风俗、传统等）保持，持续3) Those houses are so strongly built
that they would keep up even in a
violent earthquake.
4) I see you’re getting along well with your English studies. Splendid! You must keep up the good work.保住坚持，维持keep up with 跟上，不落在……后
面；了解；保持联系
keep off 挡住；（使）避开
keep on 继续（干）；坚持（干）1. They could not keep up with us when we climbed the mountain.
爬山的时候，他们跟不上我们。
2. She held an old piece of cloth over them both to keep the rain off.
她把一块旧布料披在他们身上挡雨。
3. You just have to keep on trying.选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
1. In some parks, visitors are requested to ________ the grass.
2. Let’s hope the sunny weather
________ for Saturday’s tennis match.keep offkeeps up1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.
[分析]
a. 本句是一个主从复合句, 也是个______。
b. 主句是 __________________, 从句是______引导的宾语从句。
c. 在宾语从句中, what引导的从句作介
词in的____。no one really knows倒装句when宾语[考点]
exactly精确地，恰好，完全。可构成not exactly，表示“一点也不，不完全是”。2. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
[考点] 此句中的it是_________, 真正 的主语是后面的________。另外, what, how, where, who等也常用作
主语从句的_______。 形式主语that从句引导词3. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
[考点]
why在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可 由what, where, when等引导。 4. Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.
虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了, 但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。 [点拨]
此句为主从复合句, 从句为although引导的让步状语从句, 主句为 it was ... that强调句, 用来强调主语the building of ...。如：
It was being invited to the party that was a great honor to the family.
被邀请参加聚会是这家人的荣幸。 强调句: It is (was) 被强调部分+that (who) + 句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语, 宾语和状语。
原句：My father did the experiment
in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语：
It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
强调宾语：
It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间：
It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.
(注意不用when)
强调地点：
It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.5. In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians.
最近几十年, 加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家, 其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。 这是一个简单句。句中有in the past few years, in recent years等时间状语时, 句子的谓语动词通常用__________，如: In the past ten years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. 另外, including是介词,
意为“________________”。现在完成时包括 (于……之中)1. — What n_________ are you?
— I am Chinese.
2. Only a few of them thought highly of the plan. The _______ (大多数) were against it.
3. The Taiwan _______ (海峡) separates Taiwan Island from the mainland.I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母 或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。nationality majorityStrait练习坊4. ___________ (移民) in the 1980s was very high.
5. Radio and television are important m____ of communication.
6. The unemployment __________ (百分比) keeps rising.
7. R_____ (种族的) conflicts still exist in many countries.Immigrationmeans percentageRacial1. He crossed the river ___________ a raft.
2. She hopes to __________ from writing children’s books.II. 用所给词组的适当形式填空。by means ofmake a lifemake a life by means of
declare war on
fight against keep up
settle in be forced into doing3. I _____________ taking a taxi because the last bus had left.
4. They ______________ the enemy bravely to gain their freedom.
5. We’re a little disorganized after the move, but do come and see us when we’ve ________.was forced into fought against settled in6. Let’s hope the sunny weather ____________________ for Sunday’s football match.
7. Germany ______________ France on 3rd August 1914.keeps up / will keep updeclared war on现在的人，大部分似乎喜欢玩电脑而不喜欢看电视。(a majority of )
2. 最快的交通工具是飞机。(means)
III. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译 成英语。A majority of people today seem to prefer playing computer to watching TV.The quickest means of travel is by plane.3. 很有可能他不会按时参加晚会。(It is likely that ...)
4. 大家都相信汉语将会在全世界得到更 广泛的传播。(It is believed that ...)It is likely that he will not take part in the party on time.It is believed that Chinese will be spread even more widely in the world.Review the important words and phrases we have learnt today. Thank you!