高中英语语法之常见情态动词七大考点
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高三语法复习之
情态动词（七个考点）
常用的情态动词
can （could）
may（might）
shall（should）
will （would）
must（must）
dare （dared）
need （need）
have to
ought to
be able to
used to
had better
在情态动词的使用中, 我们要注意以下考点:
1. 表示推测的情态动词的使用。
2. 表示征求的情态动词的用法。
3.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。
4.情态动词短语的使用
5. Dare 和 need 的用法。
6. 情态动词的特殊用法
7.部分情态动词的问与答
1.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.
1.我当时没有听到电话，我肯定是睡着了
I didn’t hear the telephone then .I must have fallen asleep then.
2. 他现在不可能在家。
He can’t be at home now.
3.他也许正在考虑这个问题。
He may be thinking about the problem.
肯定，一定
可能，也许
不可能
可能吗？
must
对 现在状态 对现在正在 对过去
情态动词
may, might
can’t,
couldn’t
can, could
+ do.
常见must be
+ do. + have done
+ be doing
可以用not表示“可能不”
+do. + have done
+ be doing
+ do. + have done
+ be doing
+ be doing
+ have done
区别
Can’t( can not)
May not
——Is Tina leaving by bus?
——She should, but she ___ not.
A must B may C need D can
不可能(肯定不)
可能不
典型错误
1. He mustn’t be in the classroom. ( )
Can’t
2. You might leave the bag on the bag. ( )
might have left
3. You must have seen the film last week, have’t you?
( )
didn’t you
4. Li ming must have been to Japan, didn’t he?
(hasn’t he)
1.--Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--I’m not sure. I __ go to the concert instead.
A.must B.would C.should D.might
D
2.Sorry, I’m late. I ____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A.might B.should C.can D.will
A
3.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___ have taken it?
A.might B.must C.could D.would
C
表示 征求:
2. 表示征求意见的情态动词的用法。
1.Can ,may ,might ,could 各种人称could ,might 提问语气婉转，回答用can ,may
2.Will ,would 用于第二人称。
Will you join us in singing?
3.Shall 第一，三人称
Shall I lead him to your office?
1. — Could I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you _______.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
2. — Might I watch TV after supper?
— Yes, you ________.
A. may B. must C. might D. can
C
A
3.--The room is so dirty.____ we clean it?
--Of course.
A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do
B
3. 用于虚拟语气的情态动词:
should/ ought to have done
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done
might / could have done
needn’t have done
本应该做……（但事实没做）
本来不应该做……（但事实却做了）
本来可以做……（但事实没这样做）
本来不需要做……（但事实却做了）
1. I was really anxious about you. You ___ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
2. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ___ come, but why didn’t you?
A. must have B. should
C. need have D. ought to have
B
D
3.—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
---Oh, did you? You ___ with Barbara.
A.could have stayed B.could stay
C.would stay D.must have stayed
4.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.
had to write it out
B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
A
C
5.As it turned out to be a small house party, we ____ so formally.
A needn’t dress
B. didn’t have to dress up
C. might not have dressed up
D. needn’t have dressed up
D
4. 情态动词短语的使用:
Can’t /couldn’t …… too ……
Can’t /couldn’t ……enough
Can’t help doing
Can’t help do
May/might as well do
would like/love to do…
would rather do…
would rather + sb.+ did /had done sth.
would prefer to do...
had better do...
1. 过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。
2.听到这个消息，孩子们情不自禁的跳起
来。
3.我宁愿你明天不要参加这个会议。
You can’t be too careful when crossing the street .
Hearing the news, the children couldn’t help jumping.
I would rather (that) you didn’t attend the meeting tomorrow.
改错:
1. Would you like having some tea?
2. I would prefer going to the lecture this evening.
3. I’d rather you to go to the meeting next time.
4. He would rather to die than to give in.
5. You’d better to have your hair cut today.
Would you like to have some tea?
I’d prefer to go to ...
… you went to ...
He would rather die than give in.
You’d better have ...
1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。
疑问句：Dare (need) +主语 +动词原形
否定句：主语 + daren’t (needn’t) +动词原形
I daren’t walk through the forest at night.
Dare you walk through the forest at night?
You needn’t return the book now.
Need he go yesterday?
5 可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare
2.dare,need作实义动词用，用于肯定，否定，疑问句，有人称、时态、和数的变化,后+ to do。
He dares to go there by himself.
He has grown up,we don’t need （to ）worry
about him.
3.Sth need( want, require)+ doing/ to be done
The house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned
The boy needs sending to the hospital at once.
1.判断正误:
How dare you say such a thing?
How dare you to say such a thing?
He daren’t to speak English before such a
crowd, did he?
He daren’t speak English before such a
crowd, dare he?
1. ----Dare you go out at night?
-----__________.
A Yes, I do B No ,I dare not
C No, I don't D Yes, I dare to
2. I wonder how he __ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying
C. not dare say D. dared say
B
D
6. 几个情态动词的特殊用法
Can 表示惊讶 “怎么能”
How can you be so rude？
2.Must 表示“偏偏，一定要”
Tom , you must play the piano in the deep night.
3.Should表示惊讶“居然，竟然”
4.will/would 表示经常性习惯性的动作“常常”
won’t, wouldn’t 表示“怎么也不”
翻译：
1.Must you make so much noise?
2.Why must you always argue with me?
3.You can never imagine an honest boy like Thomas should cheat in the exam.
4.However hard I tried, the door wouldn’t open.
Shall
用于第二、第三人称，有 “命令、警告、允诺”等意思
You shall return the book before Monday.
You shall fail if you don’t work harder.
You shall get promoted if you work harder.
命令
警告
允诺
1. To our surprise, the painting drawn
by him ____ win the prize!
A would B could
C should D might
2. ——May I turn on the TV set?
——If you ____, turn it down a little.
A should B could
C may D must
3.You can’t imagine such a gentleman____treat an old man like that.
should B. will C. need D must
4.How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?
A.can B.must C.need D.may
A
A
5.When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.
A.would B. should
C. had better D. might
A
7、部分情态动词的问与答
1）Need I…?
Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.
2)Must I…?
Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.
(No, don’t have to.)
3)May I…?
Yes, you may.
=Yes, certainly/
of course.
No, you may not.
(4)Could I…?
Yes, you can.
No, you can’t.
(5)Might I…?
Yes, you may.
No, you may not.
Guess their meaning ?
部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一
mustn’t
needn’t
can’t
may not
shouldn’t
不准, 禁止
没必要 ( = don’t have to )
不能; 不可能
不可以; 可能不
不应该 ( = ought not to )
情态动词（七个考点）
常用的情态动词
can （could）
may（might）
shall（should）
will （would）
must（must）
dare （dared）
need （need）
have to
ought to
be able to
used to
had better
在情态动词的使用中, 我们要注意以下考点:
1. 表示推测的情态动词的使用。
2. 表示征求的情态动词的用法。
3.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。
4.情态动词短语的使用
5. Dare 和 need 的用法。
6. 情态动词的特殊用法
7.部分情态动词的问与答
1.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.
1.我当时没有听到电话，我肯定是睡着了
I didn’t hear the telephone then .I must have fallen asleep then.
2. 他现在不可能在家。
He can’t be at home now.
3.他也许正在考虑这个问题。
He may be thinking about the problem.
肯定，一定
可能，也许
不可能
可能吗？
must
对 现在状态 对现在正在 对过去
情态动词
may, might
can’t,
couldn’t
can, could
+ do.
常见must be
+ do. + have done
+ be doing
可以用not表示“可能不”
+do. + have done
+ be doing
+ do. + have done
+ be doing
+ be doing
+ have done
区别
Can’t( can not)
May not
——Is Tina leaving by bus?
——She should, but she ___ not.
A must B may C need D can
不可能(肯定不)
可能不
典型错误
1. He mustn’t be in the classroom. ( )
Can’t
2. You might leave the bag on the bag. ( )
might have left
3. You must have seen the film last week, have’t you?
( )
didn’t you
4. Li ming must have been to Japan, didn’t he?
(hasn’t he)
1.--Are you coming to Jeff’s party?
--I’m not sure. I __ go to the concert instead.
A.must B.would C.should D.might
D
2.Sorry, I’m late. I ____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A.might B.should C.can D.will
A
3.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who ___ have taken it?
A.might B.must C.could D.would
C
表示 征求:
2. 表示征求意见的情态动词的用法。
1.Can ,may ,might ,could 各种人称could ,might 提问语气婉转，回答用can ,may
2.Will ,would 用于第二人称。
Will you join us in singing?
3.Shall 第一，三人称
Shall I lead him to your office?
1. — Could I borrow your dictionary?
— Yes, of course you _______.
A. might B. will C. can D. should
2. — Might I watch TV after supper?
— Yes, you ________.
A. may B. must C. might D. can
C
A
3.--The room is so dirty.____ we clean it?
--Of course.
A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do
B
3. 用于虚拟语气的情态动词:
should/ ought to have done
shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done
might / could have done
needn’t have done
本应该做……（但事实没做）
本来不应该做……（但事实却做了）
本来可以做……（但事实没这样做）
本来不需要做……（但事实却做了）
1. I was really anxious about you. You ___ home without a word.
A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left
C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave
2. There was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. You ___ come, but why didn’t you?
A. must have B. should
C. need have D. ought to have
B
D
3.—I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
---Oh, did you? You ___ with Barbara.
A.could have stayed B.could stay
C.would stay D.must have stayed
4.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.
had to write it out
B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out
D. ought to write it out
A
C
5.As it turned out to be a small house party, we ____ so formally.
A needn’t dress
B. didn’t have to dress up
C. might not have dressed up
D. needn’t have dressed up
D
4. 情态动词短语的使用:
Can’t /couldn’t …… too ……
Can’t /couldn’t ……enough
Can’t help doing
Can’t help do
May/might as well do
would like/love to do…
would rather do…
would rather + sb.+ did /had done sth.
would prefer to do...
had better do...
1. 过马路时再怎么小心也不为过。
2.听到这个消息，孩子们情不自禁的跳起
来。
3.我宁愿你明天不要参加这个会议。
You can’t be too careful when crossing the street .
Hearing the news, the children couldn’t help jumping.
I would rather (that) you didn’t attend the meeting tomorrow.
改错:
1. Would you like having some tea?
2. I would prefer going to the lecture this evening.
3. I’d rather you to go to the meeting next time.
4. He would rather to die than to give in.
5. You’d better to have your hair cut today.
Would you like to have some tea?
I’d prefer to go to ...
… you went to ...
He would rather die than give in.
You’d better have ...
1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。
疑问句：Dare (need) +主语 +动词原形
否定句：主语 + daren’t (needn’t) +动词原形
I daren’t walk through the forest at night.
Dare you walk through the forest at night?
You needn’t return the book now.
Need he go yesterday?
5 可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare
2.dare,need作实义动词用，用于肯定，否定，疑问句，有人称、时态、和数的变化,后+ to do。
He dares to go there by himself.
He has grown up,we don’t need （to ）worry
about him.
3.Sth need( want, require)+ doing/ to be done
The house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned
The boy needs sending to the hospital at once.
1.判断正误:
How dare you say such a thing?
How dare you to say such a thing?
He daren’t to speak English before such a
crowd, did he?
He daren’t speak English before such a
crowd, dare he?
1. ----Dare you go out at night?
-----__________.
A Yes, I do B No ,I dare not
C No, I don't D Yes, I dare to
2. I wonder how he __ that to the teacher.
A. dare to say B. dare saying
C. not dare say D. dared say
B
D
6. 几个情态动词的特殊用法
Can 表示惊讶 “怎么能”
How can you be so rude？
2.Must 表示“偏偏，一定要”
Tom , you must play the piano in the deep night.
3.Should表示惊讶“居然，竟然”
4.will/would 表示经常性习惯性的动作“常常”
won’t, wouldn’t 表示“怎么也不”
翻译：
1.Must you make so much noise?
2.Why must you always argue with me?
3.You can never imagine an honest boy like Thomas should cheat in the exam.
4.However hard I tried, the door wouldn’t open.
Shall
用于第二、第三人称，有 “命令、警告、允诺”等意思
You shall return the book before Monday.
You shall fail if you don’t work harder.
You shall get promoted if you work harder.
命令
警告
允诺
1. To our surprise, the painting drawn
by him ____ win the prize!
A would B could
C should D might
2. ——May I turn on the TV set?
——If you ____, turn it down a little.
A should B could
C may D must
3.You can’t imagine such a gentleman____treat an old man like that.
should B. will C. need D must
4.How ___ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?
A.can B.must C.need D.may
A
A
5.When he was there, he ___ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.
A.would B. should
C. had better D. might
A
7、部分情态动词的问与答
1）Need I…?
Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.
2)Must I…?
Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.
(No, don’t have to.)
3)May I…?
Yes, you may.
=Yes, certainly/
of course.
No, you may not.
(4)Could I…?
Yes, you can.
No, you can’t.
(5)Might I…?
Yes, you may.
No, you may not.
Guess their meaning ?
部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一
mustn’t
needn’t
can’t
may not
shouldn’t
不准, 禁止
没必要 ( = don’t have to )
不能; 不可能
不可以; 可能不
不应该 ( = ought not to )