初中英语主、系、表结构课件15张

主系表结构
主语
+
系动词
+
表语
Subject
Link verb
Predicative
一.主语
主语可以是什么？
The chair is green.
名词
He is from England.
Playing the computer is my hobby.
What she said is right.
代词
动名词
从句
△名词主要由 、 、 或 充当。
名词
代词
动名词
从句
二.系动词
①状态、属性类动词
be（am、is、are ）
/was、were
他是一名教师。
He is a teacher.
他生病了。
He is ill.
他习惯自己一个人待着。
be used to doing
stay
He is used to staying alone.
②持续类动词
keep、remain、stay
继续是，仍然是
我们仍然可以做朋友。
We can remain friends.
我们要保持身体较康。
We should keep healthy.
门仍然是关着的。
The door remains closed.
他保持沉默。
He keeps/stays slient.
slient
△keep、stay都可以表示 ，但如果表示身体健康方面的，
只能用 。
保持
keep
③表“像”系动词
appear、seem
appear、seem+
形容词
你似乎很累。
You seem tired.
她好像身体很好。
She appears well.
他好像很开心。
He appears happy.
to do
他似乎喜欢这个。
He seems to like it.
她看起来像是一个二十岁的女孩。
She seems to be a 20-year-old girl.
that+从句
It seems/appears that+从句
好像他犯了一个错误。
It seemed that he made a mistake.
=He seemed to make a mistake.
他好像在自言自语。
It seems that he is talking to himself.
=He seems to be talking to himself.
※①seem、appear是除了be动词外唯一可以直接加not表示否定的系动词。
He does't seem to be her father.
=He seems not to be her father.
The baby doesn't appear to be aweak.
=The baby appears not to be aweak.
②seem、appear常与there连用。
那里好像只有一个房间。
There seems to be only one room.
这里好像有一些水。
There appears to be some water.
那里好像明天有一场聚会。
There seems to be a party tommrow.
④表示感官类的动词：……起来（是）
看起来
look
听起来
sound
闻起来
smell
尝起来
taste
摸起来；感觉起来
feel
这听起来是一个好主意。
It sounds a good idea.
这闻起来很不错。
It smells nice.
冰摸起来是冷的。
Ice feels cold.
这个菜尝起来很美味。
This food tastes delicious.
那个看起来不一样。
That looks different.
每个人感觉很开心。
Everyone feels happy.
※look，smell，sound，feel，taste能接as if/as though+表语从句表示好像
看起来天好像要下雨了。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
这听起来有重要的事情发生。
It sounds as if something important will happen.
感觉现在是春天了。
It feels as if it is Spring now.
⑤变化类的系动词
become,go,turn,grow,get,come
become
后面一般接一种职业、身份；比较级+and+比较级
变成一个老师
become a teacher
变得越来越好
become better and better
go
多接形容词，一般指的是由好变到坏
turn
多和颜色搭配；当接的是名词，名词前面不用冠词
变绿
turn green
变成作家
turn writer
grow
一般多与生长有关
come
多指由坏变到好
get
多指一种渐变的过程，比较级+and+比较级的结构
become,go,turn,grow,get,come
1.Wrong never right.
2.Fish soon bad in hot water.
3.I was interested in music when I old.
4.My dream is to a doctor.
5.Leaves always yellow in Autumn.
6.It is darker and darker.
come
goes
grew
become
turn
getting
⑥终止类系动词
prove
被证实是
这句话被证实是假的。
This sentence proves false.
turn out
最后……，终于……
证实他是对的。
He proves right.
他最后终于成功了。
He turned out successful.
三.表语
You look friendly.
He is a boy.
Five plus two is seven.
They are in the classroom.
My hobby is reading books.
形容词
名词
数词
地点介词
动名词
His job is to look after the children.
The question is what you want to do.
动词不定式
表语从句
※当表语是happy、willing、sorry等表示主语的心情的形容词时，后面通常加to do，译为做……是……的，很……去……。
我很开心遇到到你。
I am happy to meet you.
听到这个消息，我很抱歉。
I am sorry to hear that.
我很愿意帮你。
I am willing to help you.
有这种父母，我感到很幸运。
I feel lucky to have this kind of parent.
主系表结构
主语
名词
代词
动名词
主语从句
系动词
属性类
延续类
表“像”
感官类
变化类
终止类
be
keep,remain,stay
seem,appear
loook,sound,smell,taste,feel
become,go,turn,grow,come,get
prove,turn out
表语
名词
形容词
地点介词
数词
动名词
不定式
表语从句
1.What Mr White said sounds____.
A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely
2.The poor boy ____ blind at the age of three.
A. turned B. goes C. became D. went
3.His voice____ as if he has a cold.
A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems
4.It ____that he was late for the train.
A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems
5.These apples taste_____.
A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good
6.When I went home yesterday, it was ____ dark.
A. going B. getting C. running D. coming