人教课标版 英语选修8 Unit 1A land of diversity Grammar The Noun Clauses（课件共32张）

课件32张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversity
Grammar— The Noun Clauses
名词性从句
分析下面的句子成分（主语 谓语 宾语 表语）
Good health is very important.
Good health is what everybody dreams of.
That people do exercise everyday is very important.
4.I know the city.
5.I know where the city is. ( 宾语从句 )( 表语从句 )(主语从句)二．名词性从句
定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句
(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。
2.名词性从句的构成：引导词 +句子。
如上例子2）3）5）
2） Good health is what everybody dreams of.
3） That people do exercise everyday is very important.
5）I know where the city is.
3.引导词的种类
连接词 ：that、if、whether , as if, because
连接代词 ：who, whom ,whoever ,whose,
what, which, whatever, whichever
连接副词： when、 where、why、how?1.在复合句中充当 的句子叫做主语从句,
它常位于句首，在 之前。
2.形式为：主语从句+动词/be划出下面句子中的主语从句
When they will leave for Beijing is not decided yet.
What he said surprised me very much.主语从句主语动词/be1.在复合句中充当 的句子就叫宾语从句。
一般位于 或者 之后做宾语。
有时候形容词后也可以接宾语从句。
2.形式为：动词或介词+ 宾语从句，
Be+形容词+宾语从句
划出下面句子中的宾语从句
He thinks that his father is right.
I am curious about what he will say.
She is not sure what she ought to do.宾语从句宾语动词介词1.在复合句中充当 的句子就叫表语从句.
表语从句放在 后，
如：be, look, seem, sound, appear, remain等。
2.形式为：系动词+ 表语从句
划出下面句子中的表语从句
His question is whether we can finish the work on time.
It looks as if it is going to rain.表语从句表语系动词三．名词性从句考点归纳
考点一：引导词的选用
选择：
（1）The fact is ___ the earth travels around the sun.
A what B that C who
（2）I doubt _________ he would come.
I don’t doubt _______ they will support（支持）us.
A how B whether C that
（3）The city is no longer ____ it used to be.
A what B that C who
（4）I don’t know _____ he came from.
A how B where C that
填空：
________come to this club（俱乐部） is welcome.
Do you know ________ book it is? Is it Mary’s or Tom’s?
—Do you remember ____ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car.
The reason why I have to go is ________ my mother is ill in bed.
考点分析：选用连接词的依据：
如果从句结构完整，不需要其他意义，
用that引导。不作句子成分。
（1）The fact is ___ the earth travels around the sun.
A what B that C who如果从句结构完整，但需要其他意义，
需要“是否”意义时，选用whether/if引导。
需要“好像”意义时，选用as if引导（只用于表语从句）
需要“因为”意义时，选用because引导（只用于表语从句）（2）I doubt _________ he would come.
I don’t doubt _______ they will support（支持）us.
A how B whether C that如果从句结构不完整，缺乏主语，宾语，表语，
选用连接代词：
与人有关：who/whom（谁）whoever（无论谁）
whose（谁的，…事物的）
与事物有关：what（什么）Which（哪个）
whatever（无论什么）whichever（无论哪一个）
作句子的主语，宾语，表语。（3）The city is no longer ____ it used to be.
A what B that C who如果从句结构不完整，缺乏状语，
选用连接副词where 、when、how 、why，
分别表示“哪里，何时，怎样，为什么”。作从句状语（4）I don’t know _____ he came from.
A how B where C thatthatWhoeverwhosehow填空：
1.________come to this club（俱乐部） is welcome.
2.Do you know ________ book it is? Is it Mary’s or Tom’s?
3.—Do you remember ____ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car.
4.The reason why I have to go is ________ my mother is ill in bed.注意：句型 the reason why… is that….当主语是reason时，
后面的表语从句表示原因时要用_______引导，不用because。that 考点二：it 作形式主语和形式宾语
1）It is a fact_______ we are lost.
A that B what
2） _______ happened that he is unfit
for the office.
A that B it
3）People find _______ difficult that they
learn a foreign language well.
A that B it
填空：
It is said_______ he is going to America for further study.
______ is obvious that he was sick.
______worried her lot that she didn’t do well in her exams.
______ doesn’t interest her much whether he succeeds or not.
Please make______ clear that you have got our letter.
考点二：it 作形式主语和形式宾语
考点分析：
1.it 作形式主语：有些情况下,为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而将主语从句置于句末.主要有以下四种不同的结构：
It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary that… 有必要…
It is important that …. 重要的是…
It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that… 人们相信…
It’s reported that… 据报道…it 作形式主语和形式宾语
It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is a fact that… 事实是…
It is a surprise that …. 令人惊奇的是…
It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears that… 似乎… It happens that …. 碰巧…
It seems that… 似乎… It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……1）It is a fact_______ we are lost.
A that B what
2） _______ happened that he was unfit for the office.
A that B it
2.it 作形式宾语
在有些情况下，会使用it作形式宾语，
而将宾语从句置于句末.主要有以下两种句型：
make /find/ feel / consider / think +it
+ adj / n + that从句
like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it
+ if 或when从句3）People find _______ difficult that they
learn a foreign language well.
A that B it
填空：
It is said_______ he is going to America for further study.
______ is obvious that he was sick.
______worried her lot that she didn’t do well in her exams.
______ doesn’t interest her much whether he succeeds or not.
Please make______ clear that you have got our letter.
thatItitItIt考点三：That 能否省略
I told him he was wrong and he must behave himself well.
the earth travel around the sun is true.
His suggestion is we should turn to the police for help.
I know nothing about him except he is a writer.
She is lucky in she has many friends to help her.
考点分析：
that引导动词后第一个宾语从句可以省略，引导第二个以上的宾语从句不省略；
that引导主语从句和表语从句不省略
that引导介词后宾语从句不省略。(只有in that, but /except/beside that)thatthatthatthatthat考点四 个别引导词的区别：
whether 与if
I don’t know ___________ he will come
to visit us next week.
2.We’re worried about _________ he is safe.
3.I asked her __________ or not she had a bike.
4.The question is _________ he should do it.
5.I don’t know _______ to go.
6.______? we will hold a party in the open air
tomorrow depends on the weather.whetherwhetherwhetherWhetherwhetherWhether/if考点分析：宾语从句可以用whether或if引导。
但有些名词从句只能使用__________，如下：
a.主语从句中 b. 表语从句中 c. 介词后的宾语从句中
与动词不定式（to do）直接连用时
与 or not直接连用时whether2．who 与whom
1）It hasn’t been decided __________ will
manage the company.
2）They haven’t decided __________ they should help.
考点分析：__________在从句中既能作主语，也能作宾语，而__________只能作宾语。whowhomWhoWho/whom3. What 与Which
1） --- Do you know _______ Mr Black’s
address is ?
---He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of
Bridge Street. I’m not sure of _______.
2) I read about it in some book or other,
does it matter ______ it was?
考点分析：__________ (什么) /无范围；__________ ( 表选择, 哪一个)有范围whatwhichwhatwhichwhich
True or false?
I want to know what has he told you. （ ）
Do you know how old is he ? （ ）
考点五：名词性从句的语序: 必须是陈述语序，即引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分
FFhe hashe is考点六：宾语从句的否定前移
翻译：我们认为你不在这。
We think you are not here. （ ）
We don’t think you are here. （ ）考点分析：think, believe, imagine, suppose等动词后的宾语从句，如果是否定句，要将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。（ 否定前移 ）
FT考点七：宾语从句的时态
改错：
Columbus proved（证明）that the earth was round.
He said that he has lived in Beijing since1998.考点分析
1.?如果主句时态是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.He believes that he will succeed in the future.
I don’t know what he said yesterday.
2.如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也要使用过去的某种时态。
He told me that he was watching TV then.
3.如果从句表示的是客观真理和自然规律，在从句中时态保持不变。
Mike asked whether the earth moves around the sun.ishad考点八：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1.It is important that we________ a foreign language well.
A will learn B should learn
2.He advised that we ________ to the park later.
A will go B go
3.The doctor ordered she on.
A operate B be operated
4.His idea is that he _______ the job by ourselves.
A does B do考点八：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1.It is important that we_____ a foreign language well.
A will learn B should learn 考点分析：
1）在主语从句中，形容词表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等时 ，从句谓语动词要用 “should + 动词原形”，Should可以省略。如：
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.)that we (should) clean the room every day.考点八：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
2.He advised that we ________ to the park later.
A will go B go
3.The doctor ordered she on.
A operate B be operated2)在宾语从句中，动词表示建议、要求、命令等时 ，如suggest、advise、demand、require、insist 、request、command、order，从句谓语动词要用 “should + 动词原形”，Should可以省略。如：
She suggested we (should) leave here at once.考点八：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
4）His idea is that he _______ it by ourselves.
A does B do 3）在表语从句中，主语是表示建议、要求、命令的名词等时 ,如advise、idea、order、demand、suggestion、request等，从句谓语动词要用 “should + 动词原形”，Should可以省略。如：
His suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing is wonderful.课后巩固：
一、填空
____ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
________ you don't like him is none of my business.
He works hard. It is no wonder ___ he has made great
progress.It thatthat
5.Nowadays children are so well protected that
they livein ____ is called “greenhouse”.
6It is generally considered unwise to give a
child ________ he or she wants.
7.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is
worth praising.whatwhoeverwhateverThank you!