上海市2018-2019学年曹杨二中高二下学期5月份月考英语卷（PDF版 无听力试题）

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2018-2019 学年曹杨二中高二下五月月考卷
Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.
For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one
word that best fits each blank.
Charles John Huffam Dickens was an English writer and social critic. His works 21 (enjoy) unprecedented
popularity during his lifetime, and critics and scholars had recognized him as a literary genius by the twentieth century.
Born in Portsmouth, Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was imprisoned for debt. 22
his lack of formal education, he wrote 15 novels, hundreds of short stories, lectured and performed extensively, and
campaigned vigorously 23 children’s rights, education, and other social reforms.
In David Copperfield -- the novel he described as his “favorite child” -- Dickens drew revealingly on his own
experiences to create one of his 24 (enduringly) popular works, filled with tragedy and comedy in equal
measure. Originally published in serial form, David Copperfield is the first of Dickens’s novels 25 (write)
entirely in the first person. 26 (convert) his autobiographical impulse into fiction allowed Dickens to
explore uncomfortable truths about his life. David Copperfield’s time at the warehouse, his schooling at Salem House,
and his relationship with Dora all have their bases in Dickens’s own life.
The story centers around a young man’s adventures on his journey from an unhappy and impoverished childhood to
the discovery of his vocation as a successful novelist. Among the Murdstone, his formidable aunt Betsey Trotwood, the
humble yet treacherous Uriah Heep and frivolous, enchanting Dora.
In this masterpiece of Charles Dickens, we can not only tell the living condition of British people in the 19th century,
but we can also look deep inside the human nature, 28 was always the hot spot of the long history. In
this story, David Copperfield experienced both the dark and bright sight of the society at the same time -- he got cheated,
tortured, but there were always some kind hearts helping him out. After reading the novel, you might make a conclusion
that one must stick to principle 29 lead a real life. Maybe you can also learn something from Copperfield --
be kind, be true to 30 and to life.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A. motivation B. necessarily C. drained D. accomplish
E. exclusively F. transitioning G. imbalance H. isolated
I. overwhelming J. ranging K. erase
Stress is often viewed as a(n) 31 negative sensation: Work deadlines pile up, family drama takes its
toll, busy schedules wear us thin and we end up 32 .
Stress occurs when someone feels a(n) 33 between a challenge and the resources they have to deal
with it, says Kathleen Gunthert, a professor of psychology at American University. But she added that there were some
unexpected benefits of experiencing a little bit of stress.
While heightened stress can be 34 , a little bit can go a long way when it comes to kick starting your
work. “Medium levels of stress can enhance our 35 ,” Gunthert says. For example, the stress of a deadline
can help people focus and pay more attention because time is running out.
One of the most surprising benefits of stress is that it can help build interpersonal relationships, which are key to
overall health. “Social connection is one of the most protective factors against physical and mental health problems,”
Gunthert says. When people feel loved and understood by another person, they feel less alone and 36 .
Support groups, for example, are a great place for people to talk about their stresses with others, which builds
compassion and, in turn, positive hormones. By opening up to one another, people feel better because they can relate to
each other’s struggles, creating positivity out of a negative experience.
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A life without stress isn’t 37 better. Take, for example, a student in graduate school. The application
process is competitive, the coursework can be challenging and after graduation, 38 from an academic
setting to a business one can be a learning process. However, in the end, one can 39 something to be proud
of, says Gunthert. “The things that we are most proud of and bring the most meaning in our lives are hard,” she says. “If
we wipe out the stress, we’d also likely 40 a lot of the meaning in our lives.”
Ⅲ. Reading comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
We’re all taught that honesty is the best policy. Telling the truth is important and it’s essential not to steal or
41 your way through life. 42 , when you look at honesty box schemes, in some situations,
people are not as honest as they’d like to think.
Honesty boxes are somethings used to 43 products like newspapers at train stations and vegetables at
the farmer’s gate. You take what you want and you pay by putting your 44 in a box. So, what 45
how honest people are?
There are two major factors. Firstly, people are more honest if they think someone is 46 them.
Some researchers 47 a way to find out whether it is the case. A poster was put above an honesty box for tea
and coffee in an office and two 48 posters were tested: one with some flowers and the other with a pair of
eyes. The results showed that when the poster was a pair of eyes, people were more 49 than when it was
some flowers.
The second factor is loyalty: people are more honest when they 50 the seller in some way. To test this
51 , in an experiment, shoppers were given too much change. Most people check their change and 52
know when they are given too much or too little. The results of the tests showed that in large supermarkets people
usually 53 the extra change. In small shops, however, people were more honest and gave it back.
So, what about you? Are you as honest as you’d like to be? Or would you 54 be honest if you cared
about the person? Or if somebody was there to 55 you? Come on, be honest ...
41. A. cheat B. feel C. fight D. make
42. A. Luckily B. However C. Therefore D. Recently
43. A. notice B. lend C. manage D. sell
44. A. wallet B. newspaper C. money D. ticket
45. A. plans B. decides C. requires D. solves
46. A. visiting B. searching C. teaching D. watching
47. A. found B. tested C. considered D. described
48. A. cheap B. similar C. expensive D. different
49. A. interested B. honest C. excited D. healthy
50. A. object to B. depend on C. care about D. look after
51. A. idea B. need C. mind D. article
52. A. angrily B. rarely C. clearly D. carefully
53. A. dropped B. returned C. checked D. kept
54. A. hardly B. only C. nearly D. finally
55. A. call B. hear C. see D. punish
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information
given in the passage you have just read.
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A
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia（痴呆症）increases with
age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn’t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of
dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says
Dr. kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to
learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain.
And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the
plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it, that’s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved.”
Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend
you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn’t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory
loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as
well as medications like antidepressants.
You don’t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications,
health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to
prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive reserve, Daffner says.
“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In
other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain
booster.
56. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?
A. Our interaction skills deteriorate.
B. Some parts of our brain stop functioning.
C. Communication within our brain weakens.
D. Our whole brain starts shrinking.
57. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?
A. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B. Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.
C. Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D. Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
58. What is Dr. Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?
A. Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B. Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C. Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D. Staying active both physically and mentally.
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B
59. The two leaflets are mainly intended for .
A. tour guides B. sports lovers C. flight attendants D. coach trainers
60. Which of the following people is allowed to take rafting lessons?
A. A 38-year-old man weighing 120kg.
B. A 16-year-old boy weighing 60kg.
C. A 10-year-old girl who has recovered from fever.
D. A 30-year-old woman who suffers from a heart disease.
61. Under what weather is neither rafting nor free flight likely to go on?
A. When there is a heavy rain. B. When there is a snow storm.
C. When there is a strong wind. D. when there is a thunderstorm
C
Yang Yuanqing, Lenovo’s boss, hardly spoke a word of English until he was about 40. But when Lenovo bought
IBM’s personal - computer division in 2005 he decided to engage himself in English: he moved his family to North
Carolina, hired a language tutor and spent hours watching cable - TV news. He conducted all his business in English
except for briefing for the Chinese press.
Lenovo is one of a growing number of multinationals from the non-English world that have made English their
official language. The fashion began in places with small populations but global ambitions such as Singapore [which
kept English as its lingua franca（通用语）when it left the British empire in 1963] and Switzerland. Goran Lindahl, a
Book individually to join a group of up to six
other adventure - seekers for a two-hour
experience you’ll never forget!
Experience the excitement of free flight as you learn to fly with us.
Look through our website and we will introduce some of the safety
measures necessary as well as some of the pleasure of this sport.
Prices from $45!
TERMS AND CONDITIONS -- PLEASE
READ
Restrictions: The Centre Management regrets
that for safety reasons these participants must
not take part in any rafting（皮划艇）lessons ...
? any participants under the age of 14.
? any participants over 100 kg.
? any participants who are pregnant.
Clothing and equipment: The Centre provides
the following pieces of equipment which all
participants must wear: a helmet, a life jacket
and a wet suit. In addition, you must bring the
following with you: a spare set of clothes, a
spare pair of trainers, a towel and a swimsuit to
wear under your wet suit.
Spectator information: The cafe overlooks the
course, so there are plenty of “photo
opportunities”.
Weather restrictions: Apart from lightning, we
are not restricted by bad weather as you are
going to get wet anyway!
You have to do between 8-10 days training and then you can fly for
hours at a few hundred feet ... the choice is yours. You learn not
only how to take off, fly and land safely, but also to understand
when you should stop flying. For example, you shouldn’t continue
when there is the possibility of a storm.
Apart from the glider（滑翔机） itself, there are two pieces of
essential equipment you will need. Firstly, you have to wear a
helmet when you fly with us. You can wear any standard safety
helmet but we recommend one which does not cover your ears, as
you should be able to hear the airflow in order to make judgements
about your flight. The second piece of essential equipment is a
harness（保护带）and we have plenty of these for you to borrow.
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former boss of ABB, a Swiss - Swedish engineering giant, once described its official language as “poor English”. The
practice spread to the big European countries: numerous German and French multinationals now use English in board
meetings and official documents. Audi may use a German phrase -- Vorsprung durch Technik, or progress through
engineering -- in its advertisements, but it is impossible to progress through its management ranks without good English.
When Christoph Franz became boss of Lufthansa in 2011 he made English its official language even though all but a
handful of the airline’s 50 most senior managers were German.
There are some obvious reasons why multinational companies want a lingua franca. Adopting English makes it
easier to recruit global stars (including board members), reach global markets, assemble global production teams and
integrate foreign acquisitions. Such steps are especially important to companies in Japan, where the population is
shrinking.
There are less obvious reasons too. Rakuten’s boss, Hiroshi Mikitani, argues that English promotes free thinking
because it is free from the status distinctions which characterize Japanese and other Asian languages. Antonella
Mei-Pochtler of the Boston Consulting Group notes that German firms get through their business much faster in English
than in German. English can provide a neutral language in a merger（合并而成的公司）: when Germany’s Hoechst and
France’s Rhone - Poulenc combined in 1999 to create Aventis, they decided it would be run in English, mainly to avoid
choosing between their respective languages.
Tsedal Neeley of Harvard Business School says that “Englishnisation”, a word she borrows from Mr Mikitani, can
stir up a hornet’s nest （马蜂窝）of emotions. Slow learners lose their self-confidence or even worry about their job
security. Cliques（小团体）of the fluent and the non-fluent can develop. So can lawsuits: in 2004 workers at a French
subsidiary of GE took it to court for requiring them to read internal documents in English; the firm received a big fine. In
all, a policy designed to bring employees together can all too easily have the opposite effect.
62. Why does the author mention Yang Yuanqing in the first paragraph?
A. To argue against a viewpoint B. To introduce the topic.
C. To illustrate a received opinion. D. To raise a question
63. Which of the following is true about Audi according to the passage?
A. German is seldom used in its advertisements.
B. Most of its senior managers are based in Germany.
C. employees who can’t speak English are less likely to be promoted.
D. It is an auto maker most famous for the technology that it has developed .
64. Why do multinational companies adopt English?
A. English makes it easier for them to go global.
B. English is most widely used in advanced countries.
C. English bridges the gap between managers from different countries.
D. English helps them to distinguish between junior and senior employees.
65. Tsedal Neeley is most likely to agree that ______.
A. using English as a company’s official language may not achieve its intended purpose
B. emotional anxiety is very common in a company before English is officially used
C. slow learners shouldn’t be punished in an English - speaking company
D. it is better for internal documents to be written in English
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is
illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Farming today
When modern farming methods were introduced in the 1950s and 1960s, people believed they were the answer to
world food shortages. However, the modern methods did not solve the problem of hunger -- over a billion people still go
hungry every day -- and they created many other serious environmental problems.
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According to modern methods, farmers plant only one crop in large quantities and use only the new “improved”
seed types. These seed require farmers to sue lots of chemical fertilizers to make the seed grow and chemical pesticides
to kill harmful insects. They also require farmers to use lots of water. Farmers and scientists now realize that these
methods may raise production immediately but they have negative effects in the long term. For example, planting the
same crop repeatedly and using lots of chemical fertilizers makes the soil unproductive . Also, the farming of very large,
open fields results in the loss of valuable top soil.
There are often negative effects outside the farm as well. Farm irrigation uses up enormous quantities of water,
causing water shortages in nearly cities and towns. The heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides leads to the pollution of
groundwater, rivers, lakes, and even the ocean. It also leads the the development of super insects that survive all
pesticides.
For farmers in the developing countries, there are other kinds of problems. Often the only seeds available are the
modern seed types. However, they may not be able to afford to buy the fertilizers and pesticides that these seeds require.
There also may not be much water available or the farmers may not be able to pay for irrigation. Whithout chemicals and
water, these seeds will never produce much, especially since poor farms are often located in dry areas. Thus, many
farmers are not even able to feed their own families.
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
67. 因为任务没有完成，我们决定加班。（独立主格）
68. 青少年肥胖的部分原因是过多摄入含糖饮料。(due to)
69. 如果不以负责任的态度行事，我们最终会失去宝贵的家园。(in a ... manner, end)
70. 这个小区率先先鼓励居民开展垃圾分类，为其他小区树立了一个良好的榜样。(lead n.)
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参考答案：
语法填空
21. enjoyed 22. Despite 23. for 24. most regularly 25. written
26. which 27. 28. which 29. as well as 30. yourself
十一选十
31. E 32. C 33. G 34. I 35. A 36.H 37. B 38. F 39. D 40. K
完形填空
41-45 CBDCB 46-50 DADBC
51-55 CADDC
阅读理解
56. C 57. A 58. D
59. B 60. C 61. D
62. B 63. C 64. A 65. A