上海市2018-2019学年向明中学高一下学期5月份月考英语试卷（PDF版 无听力试题）

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2018-2019 学年向明中学高一下英语 5 月考
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary.
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one
answer that best completes the sentence.
21. The girl dodged behind a tree, narrowly __________.
A. to escape from death B. escaping from death C. to escape death D. escaping being killed
22. __________ to loud noises for a long time will have one’s hearing __________.
A. Exposed, harmed B. Being exposed, harmed C. Exposing, being harmed D. Expose, be harmed
23. The boy stopped on tiptoe, __________ out for the hand __________ out for him.
A. reaching, held B. to reach, being held
C. reached, having held D. reaching, having been held
24. The old man was found __________ under the table the next morning.
A. lying dead B. to have died lay C. to lie dead D. being lain dead
25. Some people against toll booths argue that roads, once __________, should be free.
A. building B. built C. having built D. being built
26. The test is such an easy one __________ most of the students will pass.
A. as B. that C. for D. because
27. I have not the faintest idea of __________ he attended his brother’s wedding to extend his congratulation yesterday.
A. why B. what C. that D. whether
28. It was during the war __________ he was in Argentina __________ he met Betty.
A. when ... where B. that ... where C. when ... that D. that ... that
29. __________ smokes on campus should be fined 300 yuan according to the new regulation.
A. Who B. He who C. Anyone D. Those who
30. It was a long time __________ he realized that revision is key to memorizing.
A. before B. that C. when D. since
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.
For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one
word that best fits each blank.
A dozen American high school students recently posed （摆姿势）together merrily for a group photo, each holding
a painting or drawing they _____31_____ (make) themselves. The photo was taken during a contest on Chinese language
and arts in California, US.
The students, from Justin-Siena High School, joined their peers（同龄人）from other schools for the annual 14th
Chinese Language Bridge Cup Contest.
Shelby Thomason, an 11th - grade girl from the high school, completed an oil painting of a tree in the two-hour
contest, which she said _____32_____ (represent) the hopes of everyone on the planet.
Thomason has studied Chinese language for three years, and she said it was great fun to attend _____33_____
contest with over 1,100 other children, ranging from kindergarten kids to high schoolers.
“Before I took Chinese in high school, I didn’t have any idea about the culture or writing or drawing or
_____34_____ like that. It’s not really my thing, but it’s fun to come to a contest that incorporates（包含）different ideas
and show _____35_____ you’ve learned in school and be a little artistic,” she said.
She added that it was hard for her to learn Chinese at first, _____36_____ once she looked at the writing of Chinese
characters as a form of art, she felt different about it.
Juliette Nast, a 12th - grade girl from the same school, shared her own experience of Chinese.
She said deciding to learn Chinese at high school was a bold （大胆的）decision.
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“I was going to take French at first but then I decided to try something _____37_____ (new) and take Mandarin,”
she said.
In China with her teacher and a few other students, Nast said she saw lots of _____38_____ (share) bikes on the
streets of Beijing. “It’s amazing and very convenient for people out there to ride them around in the city.”
And Vivi Li, teacher of world languages at Justin-Siena High School, said everyone she teaches shows great passion
（热情）_____39_____ Chinese culture.
“It’s really unusual for a school that has only about 650 students on a campus in Napa, _____40_____ there are
much smaller Chinese communities than any other places in California,” Li said.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that
there is one word more than you need.
A. based B. initially C. recognize D. consequently E. vision F. surface
G. floating H. essential I. stuck J. unlimited K. radiation
Perhaps the best-known example of biomimicry（仿生学）is Velcro. It was invented in 1941 by a Swiss engineer
called George de Mestral, who looked at the burdock seeds which _____41_____ to his dog’s hair. Under the microscope,
he discovered that these seeds had hooks on them, so they stuck to loops on clothing or hair. He copied this idea and used
strips of material with tiny hooks on them and strips of material with loose loops on. When he put both strips together
they stuck like glue. However unlike glue, he could peel both strips apart and reattach them. Velcro was _____42_____
unpopular with fashion companies but after it was used by NASA to stop items _____43_____ in space, it became
popular with children’s clothing companies.
More recently, swimwear has also been influenced by nature. The Speedo Fastskin, a controversial swimsuit, was
seen at the Beijing Olympics and worn by 28 of the 33 gold medal winners. The technology is _____44__ on the rough
patterns on a shark’s skin, which allows the shark to swim faster. Shark skin also stops bacteria growing on it, so
scientists are copying this _____45_____ to design cleaner hospitals.
For NASA, protecting astronauts’ eyes from the sun’s rays is very important but protecting their eyes from other
dangerous radiation is also _____46_____. Scientists studied how eagles clearly _____47_____ their prey. They
discovered that they have yellow oil in their eyes which filters out harmful _____48_____ and allows them to see very
clearly. NASA copied this oil and it is now used by astronauts and pilots in Eagle Eyes glasses. In addition to protecting
eyes from all the dangerous rays, these sunglasses also improve _____49_____ in different weather conditions such as
fog, sunlight or just normal light.
It appears that the influence of biornimicry is _____50_____, so it will be interesting to see what solutions nature
provides us with in the future.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each
blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Today’s youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When _____51_____ situations arise,
they often pull a long face and _____52_____. How you live your teen years will have a profound impact on the rest of
your life. You must learn to utilize（利用）your _____53_____ wisely.
You may not see it now, _____54_____ developing leadership characteristics at a young age is very important.
_____55_____ we get older, it becomes harder to overcome bad habits and replace them with good ones. Possessing
leadership qualities is essential, both in this life and in the world to come.
There are certain qualities that one needs to develop in order to become a leader: justice, judgment, dependability,
initiative, decisiveness, courage, knowledge and loyalty. You may recognize these as good qualities to have, without
realizing how they apply to leadership. The more that these qualities are part of your nature, the more_____56_____ and
enjoyable your life will be. All of these are qualities that one must possess to one degree or another.
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_____57_____ popular opinion, leadership is something that is learned. No one is born a leader. We are all capable
of _____58_____ the leadership qualities mentioned above - some just choose not to. Of course, not everyone can be the
“top dog”, _____59_____ all the time. However, everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way - but
_____60_____ is required!
Understand that learning is a fact of life -learning to ride a bike, learning to drive, learning to type, learning
mathematics, etc. All of these activities _____61_____ action, if we do not _____62_____ and develop them, those
abilities will never come to perfection.
Youth is an excellent time to start developing leadership qualities. _____63_____ the time to study each one in
detail. Put them into practice as you interact with other people. Determine which areas you are weak in, striving to
always improve. Observe the leaders and how they handle situations and carry themselves. Also, study the lives of great
leaders. The results will _____64_____ you in this life - and _____65_____!
51. A. comfortable B. tough C. enjoyable D. convenient
52. A. shout B. laugh C. complain D. regret
53. A. intelligence B. time C. degree D. challenge
54. A. but B. while C. for D. since
55. A. Before B. After C. As D. Though
56. A. efficient B. effective C. sufficient D. productive
57. A. In spite of B. Contrary to C. As for D. Regardless of
58. A. demanding B. carrying C. exhibiting D. expecting
59. A. let alone B. depend on C. start off D. get together
60. A. patience B. perseverance C. intelligence D. action
61. A. require B. cause C. profit D. set
62. A. increase B. exploit C. recall D. demonstrate
63. A. Spend B. Take C. Pay D. Consume
64. A. serve B. encourage C. charge D. entitle
65. A. out B. beyond C. away D. off
Section B
Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information
given in the passage you have just read.
A
I remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home
in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight. I
marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers
through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.
I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a
banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful
smile-Charlie Chaplin’s smile.
“Arch, it’s Mikey,” he said. “So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana.”
He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was
sky, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow.
“You haven’t sold many bananas today, pop,”I said anxiously.
He shrugged his shoulder.
“What can I do? No one seems to want them.”
It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely（愁眉苦脸）over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over
New York buildings, the tall street lamps were lit, countless trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody
and nothing in the great city stopped for my father’s bananas.
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“I ought to yell,”said my father dolefully. “I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat
sore. Anyway, I’m ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool.”
I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here
and help my father.
“I’ll yell for you, pop,” I volunteered.
“Arch, no,” he said, “go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I’ll be late.”
But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller.
Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home.
Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned
through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them
stopped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled. Nobody listened.
My father tried to stop me at last. “Nu,” he said smiling to console me, “that was wonderful yelling, Mikey. But it’s
plain we are unlucky today! Let’s go home.”
I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to
leave with him.
66. “Unyoked” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. sent B. released C. poured D. removed
67. What is the theme of the story?
A. The miserable life of factory workers. B. How to survive in a bitter environment.
C. Generation gap between the father and the son. D. Love between the father and the son.
68. What is the author’s attitude towards the father and the son?
A. Indifferent. B. Sympathetic. C. Appreciative. D. Difficult to tell
B
The Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (HPBMB) is offered to mature high school seniors with
strong academic ability and achievement who seek careers in biological or biomedical science. Students can earn both a
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) and a Doctor of Philosophy Degree (Ph.D.) in approximately 6 years.
Applicants to the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology must be in their last year of high school.
Undergraduates will have the opportunity to work with top-level research scientists in Biochemistry & Molecular
Biology and also in clinical laboratories with scientists that are associated with the department. They will conduct
intensive laboratory work in the areas of biochemistry, molecular biology or nutritional biochemistry starting in the
summer before their first fall semester starts. By spring of their junior year, students will prepare an undergraduate thesis
as preparation for their entry into graduate school. At that time they will start taking graduate courses and continue to do
research with a graduate faculty member.
To be considered students must:
? have a combined SAT Ⅰ score of 1400 (combined Math and Critical Reading scores)
? meet the SAT Ⅱ score requirement of at least 600 in Math, and one science (Biology, Chemistry or Physics)
? have completed eight semesters of English and mathematics and two semesters each of biology and chemistry by
the time they graduate from high school
? complete a supplemental application form for the Honors Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
? include a counselor recommendation, three letters of recommendation from teachers in support of your application
to the Honors Program and a personal statement
Send all Dual Admission Honors Program application materials to:
Dual Admission Honors Programs
Office of Admission
University of Miami
P.O. Box 248025
Coral Gables. FL 33124-4616
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Fax number: (513) 529-7592 (513) 529-1950
For more information on the HPBMB, contact:
Dr. Thomas K. Harris
Director, Undergraduate and Medical Education
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Office: Gautier Building, Room 111
Phone: 305-243-3358
E-Mail: tkharris@miami.edu
69. We can learn from the passage that _______.
A. Grade one students in a high school can apply for the program
B. it’s possible for graduates to obtain both a bachelor’s degree and a doctor’s degree
C. graduates are promised to have a chance to work with top biomedical scientists
D. a thesis is not necessary if an undergraduate wants to go to graduate school
70. Which of the following is an unnecessary requirement for application?
A. A combined SATⅠ score of 1400.
B. A combined SAT Ⅱ score of 600 in Math and one science.
C. Three letters of recommendation from his teachers.
D. A letter of recommendation from the principal.
71. What’s the purpose of this passage?
A. To tell the students how to learn well in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology.
B. To introduce a very famous university “University of Miami”.
C. To attract excellent high school graduates to apply for the Honors Program.
D. To give information on how to contact Director of the Honors Program.
72. If an applicant wants more information, he can contact Director of the Honors Program except _______.
A. by phone B. in person C. by e-mail D. by fax
C
Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civilization. Back then, as well as
today, providing food and security was the basic task for a person. However, nowadays the range of required goods has
expanded significantly. People feel the need for not only some primary things, such as a piece of bread and a roof over
their heads, but also for various facilities and luxuries. Providing humanity with these things is connected to the use of
natural resources, which requires energy. In turn, the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so
economic growth is almost inevitably associated with environmental damage.
Economic growth is the increase in numbers of goods and services produced over time by an economy, and it’s
calculated in terms of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Before growth is calculated, inflation（通货膨胀）is adjusted
in order to take into account its misleading effect on the price of goods and services. Economic growth can also be
explained as the increase in expected output, which results from an increase in actual output, or total demand.
There are certain aspects of economic growth which affect the environment. The first of these in the fact that in
order to produce more goods and products, at a faster rate, the construction of large industrial plants is required. These
plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long term
health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people. They also lead to global warming.
Industrial manufacturing leads to the constantly increasing energy consumption. The traditional energy sources,
which are commonly used nowadays, are considered to be the greatest polluters to the environment. There also exist so-
called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also
requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings.
In order to produce economically practical energy, a sometimes significant transformation of the natural site is often
inevitable. This is expensive and has harmful effects on the environment. Application of wind energy would block
airflows natural speed which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. Consequently, the
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pressure balance that is brought about by this current will be affected, and ti is important to remember that the
environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.
For these reasons, bringing about economic growth without nay resulting environmental damage, whatsoever, is
impossible.
73. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. pollution caused by plant construction B. Effects of windmills on the environment
C. Economic growth and human civilization D. Economic growth and environmental damage
74. What does the underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to?
A. Goods and products B. The industrial plants C. Water and atmosphere D. Negative health effects
75. According to the passage, the author holds the opinion that _______.
A. economic growth should be calculated in terms of GDP
B. use of natural resources causes no damage to the environment
C. industrial manufacturing may cause damage to the environment
D. a windmill is a perfect way to produce economically practical energy
76. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A. CP(ceniral Point) B. P(pnint)
C. SP(sub-point 次要点) D. C (Conclusion)
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be
used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Many are self-sufficient, not just providing their own electricity, water and sewage systems, but in all aspects.
B. After you use the toilet, you flush it and the waste disappears.
C. This shift from individual to group off-gridding reflects the fact that the trend is growing noticeably.
D. They live in a huge variety of types of accommodation.
E. Living off-grid still has a long way to go before it becomes a minstream way of living.
F. Rather than building permanent homes, vans or mobile homes or even old shipping containers are other options.
Living off grid
When you need electricity, you just plug in the machine and switch it on. If you need water, you turn on the tap.
_____77_____ For many people, these facilities are the basics of civilized society and the idea of living without them
seems risky. Yet for a growing number of people, the idea of living off grid - without electricity, water or sewage - is an
increasingly attractive lifestyle.
Off -gridders do not have to give up electricity or a modern lifestyle - some choose to, but most use small
hydroelectric power systems, solar panels or windmills to generate enough power for their needs. Heating and cooking
needs are met by solar energy or wood burning systems, and toilet facilities range from non-water toilets to outside
compost toilets. _____78_____ It ranges from traditional yurts (a type of tent) to luxury houses with high-speed internet
and central heating. whether they live in simple homes or luxury houses, what they all have in common is that their
lifestyles do not create any pollution or carbon emissions - the ultimate goal for off- gridders.
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Around 100,000 people are thought to be living off grid in the UK now. _____79_____ They grow their own food,
home - school their children and provide their own medical care. They are people who have been priced out of the
housing market or who have grown disillusioned with what modern society can offer and who decides that an alternative
lifestyle isn’t a pipe dream, but a viable option.
Apart from living an alternative lifestyle, cost is a big factor in choosing to live off-grid. Off-grid houses are far
cheaper to build than ordinary homes since they don’t need to be connected to the electricity or water supplies and even
road access is not necessary. Materials tend to be cheaper, too. Popular options include straw or old tyres and cement.
Surprisingly, the biggest problem off-gridders face is not building their home or becoming self-sufficient but getting
permission to build. Rural areas away from town are the perfect choice but these are often protected by law from
construction of any kind or have building restrictions. There are now several websites dedicated to land-sharing so that
the costs of buying land and getting permission can be shared, and there are increasing numbers of off-grid communities.
_____80_____ Off-gridding could soon be common all over Europe and America.
Ⅳ. Translation.
1. 他被指控扰乱社会治安。(disturb)
2. 尽管他们是朋友，却没有任何共同之处。(... as ... 倒装)
3. 如果使用得当，蛛丝证明可以有效治疗脑部紊乱。（过去分词做条件状语）
4. 你有没有想过，正是因为你无视老师的警告才导致了考试的失败。(occur, 强调句)
5. 熬过冬天的酷寒和食物的短缺后，冬眠的动物出来活动了，健康却饥肠辘辘。(emerge, 现在分词做时间状语)
Ⅴ.附加题
A. unfolded B. lifting C. ballooned D. legs E. priorities F. shrinking
G. invisible H. leaped I. affordable J. disclosing K. glory
Starting around 50 years ago, astronomy began a winning streak of amazing discoveries. We found the cosmic
microwave radiation left over from the big bang back in the 1960s, for instance, and in recent years we have identified
thousands of planets orbiting distant stars. But the good times may be about to stop rolling. There is reason to fear that
astronomy is ending its long run of _____81_____ the veil on cosmic wonder.
Our early successes came from looking through new windows across a vast range of wavelengths _____82_____ to
the naked eye. The first radio, x--ray, ultraviolet - and infrared telescopes were small, but everything we saw through
them was new and mysterious. The next generation of telescopes _____83_____ forward in capabilities, leading to the
discoveries of neutron start, black holes, dark matter, dark energy --- the list goes on.
But this greater power came at a cost. Each new generation of telescopes carried a price tag several times higher
than that of the one before. Today a single telescope can now take almost a full decade’s worth of Nasa’s budget for “big
astronomy.” A case in point is the James Webb Space Telescope, now scheduled for launch this year. Webb’s price tag
_____84_____ from what was originally supposed to be just about $1 billion to nearly $9 billion, crowding out nearly
everything else. Without other major missions to fall back on, the only response to technical problems with Webb was to
keep throwing more money at them.
The _____85_____of our golden age has been that we can access the entire electromagnetic spectrum at a single
point in time, from various instruments. The discovery of gravitational waves from the merge of two neutron stars is a
perfect example: ground-based detectors spotted these ripples in the space time, but follow-up observations with
gamma-ray, X-ray and visible-light telescopes gave us a far more complete understanding of how the event
______86_____. Ideally, we need several comparably sensitive “flagship” telescopes, on a par with JWST, and they need
to be flying at the same time. To escape this trap, the new program from the “Astro2020” survey should require multiple
new missions. The whole set are ______87______affordable within a decade.
Yet such flagships are only designed to last about five years (although that can often be stretched to 10). By that
time JWST itself will likely be on its last _______88_____. So every discovery made by the Webb telescope will take
over a decade to follow up. By then, we’ll have forgotten what it was that we wanted to know in the first place. Advances
in astronomy will slow to a snail’s pace.
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How we respond to the crisis will make all the difference. The _____89______ for the next decade of astronomy
will be set in 2020. If precedent is followed, a “decadal survey,” or authoritative report produced by committee, will rank
the top science questions, and the top telescopes to answer them. We have tended to seize on the One Top Telescope and
pursue it at all costs.
The downside is that highly desirable, but too expensive, flagships must be postponed until the second positive
response to the crisis kicks in. But it also takes the pressure off engineers to shave mass relentlessly from the telescopes
themselves by using the lightest possible components. Without such a restriction, costs could be cut by two thirds.
______90______ costs makes a doubling of flagship launch rates plausible.
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参考答案
语法选择
21-25 DBAAB 26-30 BCCAA
语法填空
31. made 32. represents 33. a 34.something 35. what 36. but
37. newer 38. shared 39. for 40. where
十一选十
41. I 42. B 43. G 44. A 45. F 46. H 47. C 48. K 49. E 50. J
完形填空
51-55 BCBAC 56-60 DBCAD 61-65 ABBBB
阅读理解
66. B 67. D 68. B
69. B 70. D 71. C 72. D
73. D 74. B 75. C 76. B
77. B 78. F 79. C 80. A
翻译
1. He was accused of disturbing the social safety.
2. Friends as they are, they have nothing in common.
3. If used appropriately, the spider silk is proved to treat brain disorder effectively.
4. Did it occur to you that it was because you ignored the warning of teachers that you failed in the exam?
5. Emerging from the freezing cold in winter and the lack of food, the hibernating animals came out, healthy but hungry.
81. B 82. G 83. H 84. C 85. K 86. A 87.I 88. D 89. E 90.F