高考英语语法 主谓一致课件（共27张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高考英语语法 主谓一致课件（共27张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-05-31 15:55:28 | ||
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课件27张PPT。高考语法复习
主谓一致
在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。 一、谓语动词为单数的情况
1.由and连接的 并列成分指的是同一概念，身兼两职或成套事物 a worker and writer;a knife and fork
e.g.1.The poet and writer .(come）
2.A hammer and a saw useful tools.
考点：用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整
体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等
作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
has comeare2. Every …and(every)…/each…and (each)…
no… and (no)…, many a…and (many a)…连接两
个单数名词作主语.
e.g.1.Every boy and every girl______ to go swimming.
2. No teacher and no student_______absent from the meeting.
3. Each man and (each) woman _______asked to
help.
likeswasis考点：用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 something, everything, anything, nothing，somebody, nobody, no one 等不定代词作主语，谓语通常是单数。思考：
1.Many a boy playing basketball.
许多男生都喜欢打篮球。
2. More than one student .
不只一个学生迟到。
3.More persons than one help us.
不止一个人来帮助我们。
likeswas latecome to考点：若主语中有more than one 或many a/an，
尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍
用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语
时, 谓语动词仍用复数。e.g.1.Serving the people ____my greatest happiness.
为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
2. When we’ll go out for an outing___________.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
ishas been decided3.不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
e.g. 1. Air as well as water matter.
空气和水都是物质。
2. No one except two servants late for the dinner.
除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
iswas4.单数主语即使后面带有with, along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数5. one/every one/each /either/the number of +复数名词作主语
e.g. Each of us something to say.
我们每个人都有话要说。
has考点：each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数。复数代词+each, 谓语动词用复数。思考：None of us perfect.
人无完人。
None of this me.
这事一点不使我着急。
are (is)worries考点：none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数：但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词要用单数。6.无生命集体名词clothing /cloth /furniture /traffic /jewelry/luggage/poetry/equipment/machinery（机器)/baggage做主语
e.g. 1. Clothing ____ badly needed in this flooded area.
2.The number of the unemployed ____ still increasing.
3. All their baggage ____ stolen.
4.The furniture ___ convenient to move.
5.All the machinery in the factory ____ made in China.
6. Jewelry ___ used for decoration and wear.
isis iswasisis7. 以ics结尾的学科名称：physics, mathematics,
以-s 结尾的疾病名称：arthritis (关节炎），diabetes
（糖尿病），bronchitis(支气管炎）
单一政治实体：the United States；The United Nations 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
e.g. Arthritis ____a disease causing pain and swelling
in the joints of the body.
Physics_____an important subject in middle schools.
isis8. 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。
e.g.Twenty years has passed since he left his
hometown. is（二）谓语动词为复数的情况 1. 由and /both…and连接的并列主语
2. 有生命的集体名词people , police, cattle, vermin(害虫）, poultry（家禽） 等作主语。
The police ____looking for the missing child.
3. 由山脉(The Himalayas)、群岛、瀑布(The Niagara Falls) 、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。
The Olympic Games ____ held once every four years.
5. a number of/ a group of +名词作主语。 areare6. 由两个部分组成的名词，以-s 结尾，scissors，glasses, trousers 谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前若出现 a pair of,谓语一般用单数。e.g. One pair of scissors ____ enough.
7. 这些以-s结尾的名词：goods, clothes, arms（武器）, fireworks , stairs（楼梯）, wages 做主语，谓语动词用复数。 is1. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。
His family _____ a great one.
His family _____ music lovers.
2. means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。
The steel works _______ near the station.
（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 3. “kind, sort, pair, type，amount，quantity +名词” 作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。
4. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。
All are present .
All the food tastes good.
5. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、百分数 + of + 名词”作主语:谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。 例：
The rest of the bikes today.
剩下的自行车今天特价出售。
60% of the apple eaten by the little
boy.
这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
are on salewas考点一：主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及
“分数或百分数+名词”做主语时，谓语动词单复
数取决于连用的名词。 Here the bus 公共汽车来了。
Here a pen and some pieces of paper for you.
给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
comesis1.He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
D2.Mary is one of those people who pets.
玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
raise强化练习3.A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese
literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
解析：a poet and artist指一个人，既是诗人，也是艺术家。
答案：A
4.The father as well as his three children ________ skating on the
frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going
解析：主语仍为the father，单数形式；as well as his three
children作句子的状语，不影响谓语动词的单复数。
答案：C 5.________ of the land in that district ________ covered with trees
and grass.
A.Two fifth；is B.Two fifth；are
C.Two fifths；is D.Two fifths；are
解析：表示分数时，分子大于一，分母(序数词形式)加s；主语
为land，不可数，故谓语动词用单数。
答案：C
6.Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution，but
the sky is still not clear.
A.is used B.are used
C.has been used D.have been used
解析：every possible means每一种可行的方式；means单复数
同形，此句中为单数；表示“每种办法都用过了”，用现在完成时的被动语态。
答案：C 7.As a result of destroying the forests，a large ________ of desert
________ covered the land.
A.number；has B.quantity；has
C.number；have D.quantity；have
解析：a large number of 不修饰不可数名词；a large
quantity of＋不可数名词，谓语用单数。
答案：B
8.He is the only one of the students who ________ the winner of
scholarship for three years.
A.is B.are C.have been D.has been
解析：有the only修饰先行词，其后的定语从句中谓语用单数。
答案：D 9.The population of China ________ over 1.3 billion and eighty
percent of its population ________ peasants.
A.is；are B.are；is C.is；is D.are；are
解析：population表示“人口”。当表示人口数为多少时谓语动词用单数，如果有分数或百分数修饰时，谓语用复数。
答案：A
10.Grey as well as his two companions ________ leave ________
Paris tomorrow.
A.are to；for B.is to；for
C.is to；to D.are to；to
解析：句中主语是Grey，单数，故谓语也用单数；leave for
sp.，动身去某地。
答案：B 11.Either your parents or your elder brother ________ to attend
the meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A.are B.have C.is D.had
解析：either...or...遵循就近一致的原则，因your elder
brother为单数，句中谓语也用单数。
答案：C
12.30% of the cattle ________ thin，but the rest ________ fat.
A.are；are B.is；is C.is；are D.are；is
解析：句中主语分别为the cattle/the rest of the
cattle，即“牛/余下的牛”，是可数名词复数，故谓语用复数。
答案：A 13.The writer and actor ________ invited to give us a report on
plays in China.
A.were B.have been
C.was D.has
解析：the writer and actor指一个人(既是作家也是演员)，
谓语动词应为单数。
答案：C Good-bye!
主谓一致
在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。 一、谓语动词为单数的情况
1.由and连接的 并列成分指的是同一概念，身兼两职或成套事物 a worker and writer;a knife and fork
e.g.1.The poet and writer .(come）
2.A hammer and a saw useful tools.
考点：用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整
体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等
作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
has comeare2. Every …and(every)…/each…and (each)…
no… and (no)…, many a…and (many a)…连接两
个单数名词作主语.
e.g.1.Every boy and every girl______ to go swimming.
2. No teacher and no student_______absent from the meeting.
3. Each man and (each) woman _______asked to
help.
likeswasis考点：用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 something, everything, anything, nothing，somebody, nobody, no one 等不定代词作主语，谓语通常是单数。思考：
1.Many a boy playing basketball.
许多男生都喜欢打篮球。
2. More than one student .
不只一个学生迟到。
3.More persons than one help us.
不止一个人来帮助我们。
likeswas latecome to考点：若主语中有more than one 或many a/an，
尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍
用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语
时, 谓语动词仍用复数。e.g.1.Serving the people ____my greatest happiness.
为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
2. When we’ll go out for an outing___________.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
ishas been decided3.不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
e.g. 1. Air as well as water matter.
空气和水都是物质。
2. No one except two servants late for the dinner.
除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
iswas4.单数主语即使后面带有with, along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数5. one/every one/each /either/the number of +复数名词作主语
e.g. Each of us something to say.
我们每个人都有话要说。
has考点：each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数。复数代词+each, 谓语动词用复数。思考：None of us perfect.
人无完人。
None of this me.
这事一点不使我着急。
are (is)worries考点：none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数：但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词要用单数。6.无生命集体名词clothing /cloth /furniture /traffic /jewelry/luggage/poetry/equipment/machinery（机器)/baggage做主语
e.g. 1. Clothing ____ badly needed in this flooded area.
2.The number of the unemployed ____ still increasing.
3. All their baggage ____ stolen.
4.The furniture ___ convenient to move.
5.All the machinery in the factory ____ made in China.
6. Jewelry ___ used for decoration and wear.
isis iswasisis7. 以ics结尾的学科名称：physics, mathematics,
以-s 结尾的疾病名称：arthritis (关节炎），diabetes
（糖尿病），bronchitis(支气管炎）
单一政治实体：the United States；The United Nations 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
e.g. Arthritis ____a disease causing pain and swelling
in the joints of the body.
Physics_____an important subject in middle schools.
isis8. 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。
e.g.Twenty years has passed since he left his
hometown. is（二）谓语动词为复数的情况 1. 由and /both…and连接的并列主语
2. 有生命的集体名词people , police, cattle, vermin(害虫）, poultry（家禽） 等作主语。
The police ____looking for the missing child.
3. 由山脉(The Himalayas)、群岛、瀑布(The Niagara Falls) 、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语。
The Olympic Games ____ held once every four years.
5. a number of/ a group of +名词作主语。 areare6. 由两个部分组成的名词，以-s 结尾，scissors，glasses, trousers 谓语动词必须用复数，但这些名词前若出现 a pair of,谓语一般用单数。e.g. One pair of scissors ____ enough.
7. 这些以-s结尾的名词：goods, clothes, arms（武器）, fireworks , stairs（楼梯）, wages 做主语，谓语动词用复数。 is1. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, enemy, party, crowd, crew, audience, public , government, majority, group等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。
His family _____ a great one.
His family _____ music lovers.
2. means, works, pains等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。
The steel works _______ near the station.
（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定 3. “kind, sort, pair, type，amount，quantity +名词” 作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。
4. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。
All are present .
All the food tastes good.
5. “half / most / enough / part / the rest / the last / lots / plenty / 分数、百分数 + of + 名词”作主语:谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单复数保持一致。 例：
The rest of the bikes today.
剩下的自行车今天特价出售。
60% of the apple eaten by the little
boy.
这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
are on salewas考点一：主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及
“分数或百分数+名词”做主语时，谓语动词单复
数取决于连用的名词。 Here the bus 公共汽车来了。
Here a pen and some pieces of paper for you.
给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
comesis1.He is the only one of the students who ____ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
D2.Mary is one of those people who pets.
玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
raise强化练习3.A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese
literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
解析：a poet and artist指一个人，既是诗人，也是艺术家。
答案：A
4.The father as well as his three children ________ skating on the
frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
A.is going B.go C.goes D.are going
解析：主语仍为the father，单数形式；as well as his three
children作句子的状语，不影响谓语动词的单复数。
答案：C 5.________ of the land in that district ________ covered with trees
and grass.
A.Two fifth；is B.Two fifth；are
C.Two fifths；is D.Two fifths；are
解析：表示分数时，分子大于一，分母(序数词形式)加s；主语
为land，不可数，故谓语动词用单数。
答案：C
6.Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution，but
the sky is still not clear.
A.is used B.are used
C.has been used D.have been used
解析：every possible means每一种可行的方式；means单复数
同形，此句中为单数；表示“每种办法都用过了”，用现在完成时的被动语态。
答案：C 7.As a result of destroying the forests，a large ________ of desert
________ covered the land.
A.number；has B.quantity；has
C.number；have D.quantity；have
解析：a large number of 不修饰不可数名词；a large
quantity of＋不可数名词，谓语用单数。
答案：B
8.He is the only one of the students who ________ the winner of
scholarship for three years.
A.is B.are C.have been D.has been
解析：有the only修饰先行词，其后的定语从句中谓语用单数。
答案：D 9.The population of China ________ over 1.3 billion and eighty
percent of its population ________ peasants.
A.is；are B.are；is C.is；is D.are；are
解析：population表示“人口”。当表示人口数为多少时谓语动词用单数，如果有分数或百分数修饰时，谓语用复数。
答案：A
10.Grey as well as his two companions ________ leave ________
Paris tomorrow.
A.are to；for B.is to；for
C.is to；to D.are to；to
解析：句中主语是Grey，单数，故谓语也用单数；leave for
sp.，动身去某地。
答案：B 11.Either your parents or your elder brother ________ to attend
the meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A.are B.have C.is D.had
解析：either...or...遵循就近一致的原则，因your elder
brother为单数，句中谓语也用单数。
答案：C
12.30% of the cattle ________ thin，but the rest ________ fat.
A.are；are B.is；is C.is；are D.are；is
解析：句中主语分别为the cattle/the rest of the
cattle，即“牛/余下的牛”，是可数名词复数，故谓语用复数。
答案：A 13.The writer and actor ________ invited to give us a report on
plays in China.
A.were B.have been
C.was D.has
解析：the writer and actor指一个人(既是作家也是演员)，
谓语动词应为单数。
答案：C Good-bye!