译林版必修3unit 1 the world of our senses period 1同步练习卷
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译林版必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses Period 1》2019年同步练习卷（湖南师大附中）
I. 词形变化：
1．confuse vt（使糊涂，使迷惑）﹣ adj． （令人糊涂的）﹣ adj．（人感到糊涂的）．
2．mist n． 薄雾vt． 变模糊→ adj． 模糊的；有雾的
3．fog﹣﹣﹣﹣adj．
4．conductor n导体；售票员；领导者 → vt． 管理；引导；表现
5．darkness n． → adj． 黑暗的，深色的；模糊的→ vt．
6．analyse vt． → n．（单数） 分析；分解 → n．（复数） 分析；分解 → n． 分析者；精神分析医师；分解者
7．firmly adv． 坚定地，坚决地→ n． 公司 vt．使牢固 adj． 坚定的；牢固的
8．disability n． 残疾；无能；不利条件 → vt． → adj．
9．distance n． 距离；远方 → adj． 遥远的；冷漠的
10．volunteer n． 志愿者vt． 自愿 → n． 志愿活动→ adj．自愿的
11．pavement n． 人行道 → vt． 铺设；安排
12．jewellery n． 珠宝（总称） → n． 宝石；珠宝（个体）
13．puzzle n． 谜；难题 v．迷惑 → n． 到困惑（茫然）的
14．observe vt． → n．观察；监视→ n． 天文台→ n． 观察者
15．anxious adj． → adv．→ n． 焦虑；渴望
16．relief n．救济；减轻 → vt． 解除，减轻
17．employ v．使用；雇用；使忙于→ n．
18．attach vt．使依附 → n．附件
19．attract vt． 吸引；引起 → n． → adj．
20．grateful adj． （感激的）﹣ adv． ﹣ n．
21．recognize v （辨认出）﹣ n．
22．reduce vt． → n．
23．compare v． → n． → adj． → adv．
24．probable adj． → adv． → n．
25．fit adj → adj． 不合适的． → n． 健康；适当
II. 填空：A. 单句填空：
26．We became aware of danger （approach）us．
27．She agreed to see him again without （hesitate）
28．He was reduced to （beg） in the street after a few years．
29． （compare） with the past， he is more mature．
30．Clean water is nowhere ．（find）
31．When he came to （he），he found himself on the ground．
32．Melo， asked how long she could hold out like this， looked （panic）．
33．We came home and found him （sleep） in the bed．
34．The plane would （ probable） disintegrate at that high speed．
35．This is the only way we can imagine （reduce） the overuse of water in students'bathrooms．
B. 短文填空：
36．There are nearly 400 different types of sharks， （1） only about 30 types are known to have attacked human beings． Many people know that the （2） dangerous shark is the great white shark， mainly because they have seen the movie Jaws． However， two other sharks are also rather dangerous： the tiger shark （3） the bull shark．
Contrary （4） what many people might assume， evidence （5） （show） that sharks seldom attack humans． There are （6） types of shark attacks． In the main type， the shark attacks you （7） it mistakes you for a fish， but when it tastes human flesh it decides to give up and swim away． In the second type， the shark pushes you with（8） nose to find out if you are fit （9） （eat） ， and then bites you if it thinks you are． In the third type， the shark waits for you （10） （swim） by， and then attacks you suddenly． The last two types of attack more often result in the death of humans．
III. 改错：A. 单句改错
37．I hesitated whether to accept the invitation．
38．After spending several months in prison for attending a political rally banned by the government he was reduced by nothing．
39．I have employed at this job for five years．
40．Ding Xuedong was relieved by the post as Vice﹣Minister of Finance．
41．He arrived later than usually．
42．The young people are compared with the morning sun．
43．They mistook him as his twin brother．
44．He found himself surround by a group of children．
45．They warned， however， that risks were attaching to their recommendation．
46．Who was it who wanted to see me just now？
B. 短文改错：
47．When Polly arrived in the station entrance， it was empty． Outside， wherever she looked the fog lay like a thick， grey cloud． There was no one in sight． Polly set out towards Park Street． As she walked along the narrow street， she heard the sound of footsteps approaching， and by the time when she reached the corner of the street， footsteps were gone． Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek， and she heard a man's voice in her ear said ‘Sorry．' The man moved away． She could feel her heart beating with fears．
译林版必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses Period 1》2019年同步练习卷（湖南师大附中）
参考答案与试题解析
I. 词形变化：
1．【解答】confusing；confused
2．【解答】答案：misty．考查单词、词组．例如：It was a misty morning， but not very cold．
这是一个多雾的清晨，但不太冷．
3．【解答】答案：foggy．考查单词、词组．例如：He left Beijing on a foggy morning． 他在一个有雾的早上离开北京．
4．【解答】答案：conduct．考查单词、词组．例如：The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city．
导游引导我们游览了古城废墟．
5．【解答】答案：dark ， darken．考查单词、词组．例如：It's a dark and moonless night．这是一个黑暗无月的夜晚．
The sky darkened as the storm approached．风雨欲来，天色黑暗．
6．【解答】答案：analyses， analysis， analyst．考查单词、词组．例如：His analysis of the problem showed great perception．他对该问题的分析显示出敏锐的洞察力．
His analyses were always so convincing．他的分析总是那么令人信服．
Constance's husband is a financial analyst．康斯坦斯的丈夫是一名财政分析家．
7．【解答】答案： firm．考查单词、词组．例如：He has established his own firm．
他已建立起自己的公司．
8．【解答】答案：disability， disabled．考查单词、词组．例如：She learned to triumph over her disability．她学会了战胜她自身的不足．
He was disabled from walking by the accident．由于车祸，他不能走路了．
9．【解答】答案：distant．考查单词、词组．例如：His stepson is still very distant towards him．
他的继子对他仍然很疏远．
10．【解答】答案：volunteering， voluntary．考查单词、词组．例如：He enlisted as a volunteer in the army．他以志愿兵从军．
He made a voluntary statement to the police．他自愿为警方作供．
11．【解答】答案：pave．考查单词、词组．例如：The road was paved with cobblestones．
那条路是用鹅卵石铺成的．
12．【解答】答案：jewel．考查单词、词组．例如：The jewel has a beautiful shimmer．
那颗宝石有美丽的闪光．
13．【解答】答案：puzzled．考查单词、词组．例如：She listened with a puzzled expression on her face．
她脸上带著困惑的表情在倾听．
14．【解答】答案：observation， observatory， observer．考查单词、词组．例如： The patient was kept under observation all night．这位病人被观察了一整夜．
The stadium lights polluted the sky around the observatory．体育馆的灯光使得天文台周围的天空不那么宜于观测了．
He is such a subtle and careful observer．他是一位如此精细的观察者．
15．【解答】答案：anxiously， anxiety．考查单词、词组．例如：Everybody is waiting anxiously for the doctor．大家都在焦急地等着医生．
It proved difficult to disguise his anxiety．他的焦虑难以掩饰．
16．【解答】答案：relieve．考查单词、词组．例如：The Government acted quickly to relieve the widespread distress caused by the earthquake．
地震造成大范围的灾难，政府迅速采取行动赈济灾民．
17．【解答】答案：employment．考查单词、词组．例如：I got this job through an employment agency．
我通过职业介绍所找到了这份工作．
18．【解答】答案：attachment．考查单词、词组．例如：The attachment is combined with the contract．
1本合同附件是本合同不可分割的组成部分．
19．【解答】attraction ， attractive
20．【解答】答案：gratefully； gratefulness
考查单词的词性转换及翻译．根据所给的提示"grateful adj． （感激的）"和词性adv．，可知grateful的副词为gratefully，名词是gratefulness．eg：He accepted the money gratefully． 他感激地收下了钱．I'd like to express my gratefulness for your warm greetings on my recovery．谢谢你对我康复的热情问候．故填gratefully； gratefulness．
21．【解答】答案：recognization．考查翻译填空．例如：Please cooperate in the human﹣face recognization precedure．
请配合进行人脸识别．
22．【解答】答案：reduction．考查单词、词组．例如：The reduction of unemployment should be paramount．
降低失业率应是头等大事．
23．【解答】答案：comparison， comparative， comparatively．考查单词、词组．例如：We can only tell good from bad by comparison．我们可以通过比较来分辨好坏．
He majored in comparative literature．他的专业是比较文学．
His intelligence is comparatively favourable with that of his brother．他的智力相对地比他哥哥强．
24．【解答】答案：probably， probability．考查单词、词组．例如：That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night．那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢．
The probability that it will rain today is high．今天下雨的可能性很大．
25．【解答】答案：unfit， fitness．考查单词、词组．例如：The water is unfit for drinking．这水不宜饮用．
Good muscles are one of the prerequisites of physical fitness．肌肉发达是身体健康的一个必备条件．
II. 填空：A. 单句填空：
26．【解答】approaching
27．【解答】答案：hesitation 考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中作介词的宾语，故用名词形式．所给单词hesitate是动词，表示（对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决．其名词为hesitation，without hesitation毫不犹豫地、心甘情愿地，符合语境．
故答案为hesitation
28．【解答】答案：begging 考查词类转换．动词 reduce的含义是：减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等）．reduce sb．/sth． to表示使陷入（更坏）境地，使沦落，使陷入窘境．在短语中to是介词，后接名词或动词的ing形式．所以空白处填begging，符合语境．
故答案为begging
29．【解答】Compared
30．【解答】答案：to be found．考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，water与find之间是动宾关系，且表示未来动作，要用动词不定式的一般被动式．
31．【解答】答案：himself 考查代词．结合语境，并根据短语come to oneself（苏醒过来、恢复知觉）中需用反身代词，he的反身代词形式是himself可知，空白处填himself．
故答案为himself
32．【解答】答案：panicked 考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中作表语，用形容词．所给单词panic为动词，含义是：（使）惊慌，惊慌失措．也可作名词用，表示惊恐、恐慌．其形容词panicked表示（因某事）惊慌的、感到恐慌的．panicky也可以表示恐慌的，侧重指处于一种恐慌的状态之中．结合句意，panicked更符合语境．
故答案为panicked
33．【解答】答案：asleep/sleeping． 考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中作动词found 的宾语补足语．在"find sb．/sth． +宾补"结构中，常用形容词、名词或代词、副词、介词短语及非谓语动词作宾语补足语．
所给单词sleep为动词，所以用形容词asleep（睡着的、入睡的）表示宾语him所处的状态，也可用动词的ing形式sleeping补充说明宾语正在进行的动作．
故答案为asleep/sleeping
34．【解答】答案：probably．考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中修饰动词disintegrate，所以用副词形式．所给单词 probable为形容词，表示"很可能发生的"．其副词形式为probably．
故答案为probably
35．【解答】答案：to reduce
考查非谓语．分析句子结构可知，we can imagine是定语从句修饰先行词way，因为句子的谓语是is，所以所给词reduce是非谓语，way后面的动词常用不定式作后置定语，故填to reduce．
B. 短文填空：
36．【解答】1． but．考查连词．上文说：有将近400种不同的鲨鱼，下文说：只有将近30种袭击过人类，表示转折关系，用but．
2． most．考查最高级．the most dangerous意为"最危险的"．故填most．
3． and．考查连词． the tiger shark 和the tank shark是并列关系，用and．
4．to．考查介词．使用短语contrary to意为"和…相反"．故填to．
5．shows．考查主谓一致．这篇文章使用一般现在时，主语是evidence，谓语用三单．故填shows．
6．three．考查基数词．根据上文可知有三种袭击人的鲨鱼．故填three．
7．because．考查连词．句意：鲨鱼袭击你因为它错将你当成是一条鱼．故填because．
8．its．考查代词．指代the shark ，修饰nose用its．故填its．
9．to be eaten．考查不定式．使用be fit to do适合做某事，you和eat是被动关系．故填to be eaten．
10． to swim．考查不定式．使用wait for sb to do sth意为"等待某人做某事"．故填to swim．
III. 改错：A. 单句改错
37．【解答】答案：hesitated → hesitated over；考查句子改错．hesitate over|about sth踌躇；犹豫；故填hesitated → hesitated over．
38．【解答】reduced by→ reduced to
39．【解答】答案：have → have been；分析句子可知，for five years是现在完成时的标志，且I和 employe之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动．
故填have → have been．
40．【解答】答案：by → of；考查句子改错．本句考查固定结构be relieved of被解除，被免除．
故填by → of．
41．【解答】答案：usually → usual；分句句子可知，than是介词，后需要用形容词，所以要usually → usual，
故填usually → usual．
42．【解答】答案：with → to；考查句子改错．compare with和…比较；compare to把…比作…；分析句子可知应用compare to把…比作…故填with → to．
43．【解答】答案：as→ for；考查句子改错．mistake sb for误认为…，故填as→ for．
44．【解答】答案：surround → surrounded；分析句子可知，himself和surround之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词surrounded．
故填surround → surrounded．
45．【解答】答案：attaching → attached；考查句子改错．分析句子可知，本句考查固定搭配"be attached to附属于；喜爱；爱慕"，所以要用attached．
故填attaching → attached．
46．【解答】第二个who→ that
B. 短文改错：
47．【解答】第一句：in → at 第二句：wherever→ whenever 第三句：There → It 第四句：out → off 第五句：and → but 第六句：去掉when；footsteps前加the 第七句：said → saying 第八句： woman → man 第九句： fears → fear
I. 词形变化：
1．confuse vt（使糊涂，使迷惑）﹣ adj． （令人糊涂的）﹣ adj．（人感到糊涂的）．
2．mist n． 薄雾vt． 变模糊→ adj． 模糊的；有雾的
3．fog﹣﹣﹣﹣adj．
4．conductor n导体；售票员；领导者 → vt． 管理；引导；表现
5．darkness n． → adj． 黑暗的，深色的；模糊的→ vt．
6．analyse vt． → n．（单数） 分析；分解 → n．（复数） 分析；分解 → n． 分析者；精神分析医师；分解者
7．firmly adv． 坚定地，坚决地→ n． 公司 vt．使牢固 adj． 坚定的；牢固的
8．disability n． 残疾；无能；不利条件 → vt． → adj．
9．distance n． 距离；远方 → adj． 遥远的；冷漠的
10．volunteer n． 志愿者vt． 自愿 → n． 志愿活动→ adj．自愿的
11．pavement n． 人行道 → vt． 铺设；安排
12．jewellery n． 珠宝（总称） → n． 宝石；珠宝（个体）
13．puzzle n． 谜；难题 v．迷惑 → n． 到困惑（茫然）的
14．observe vt． → n．观察；监视→ n． 天文台→ n． 观察者
15．anxious adj． → adv．→ n． 焦虑；渴望
16．relief n．救济；减轻 → vt． 解除，减轻
17．employ v．使用；雇用；使忙于→ n．
18．attach vt．使依附 → n．附件
19．attract vt． 吸引；引起 → n． → adj．
20．grateful adj． （感激的）﹣ adv． ﹣ n．
21．recognize v （辨认出）﹣ n．
22．reduce vt． → n．
23．compare v． → n． → adj． → adv．
24．probable adj． → adv． → n．
25．fit adj → adj． 不合适的． → n． 健康；适当
II. 填空：A. 单句填空：
26．We became aware of danger （approach）us．
27．She agreed to see him again without （hesitate）
28．He was reduced to （beg） in the street after a few years．
29． （compare） with the past， he is more mature．
30．Clean water is nowhere ．（find）
31．When he came to （he），he found himself on the ground．
32．Melo， asked how long she could hold out like this， looked （panic）．
33．We came home and found him （sleep） in the bed．
34．The plane would （ probable） disintegrate at that high speed．
35．This is the only way we can imagine （reduce） the overuse of water in students'bathrooms．
B. 短文填空：
36．There are nearly 400 different types of sharks， （1） only about 30 types are known to have attacked human beings． Many people know that the （2） dangerous shark is the great white shark， mainly because they have seen the movie Jaws． However， two other sharks are also rather dangerous： the tiger shark （3） the bull shark．
Contrary （4） what many people might assume， evidence （5） （show） that sharks seldom attack humans． There are （6） types of shark attacks． In the main type， the shark attacks you （7） it mistakes you for a fish， but when it tastes human flesh it decides to give up and swim away． In the second type， the shark pushes you with（8） nose to find out if you are fit （9） （eat） ， and then bites you if it thinks you are． In the third type， the shark waits for you （10） （swim） by， and then attacks you suddenly． The last two types of attack more often result in the death of humans．
III. 改错：A. 单句改错
37．I hesitated whether to accept the invitation．
38．After spending several months in prison for attending a political rally banned by the government he was reduced by nothing．
39．I have employed at this job for five years．
40．Ding Xuedong was relieved by the post as Vice﹣Minister of Finance．
41．He arrived later than usually．
42．The young people are compared with the morning sun．
43．They mistook him as his twin brother．
44．He found himself surround by a group of children．
45．They warned， however， that risks were attaching to their recommendation．
46．Who was it who wanted to see me just now？
B. 短文改错：
47．When Polly arrived in the station entrance， it was empty． Outside， wherever she looked the fog lay like a thick， grey cloud． There was no one in sight． Polly set out towards Park Street． As she walked along the narrow street， she heard the sound of footsteps approaching， and by the time when she reached the corner of the street， footsteps were gone． Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek， and she heard a man's voice in her ear said ‘Sorry．' The man moved away． She could feel her heart beating with fears．
译林版必修3《Unit 1 The world of our senses Period 1》2019年同步练习卷（湖南师大附中）
参考答案与试题解析
I. 词形变化：
1．【解答】confusing；confused
2．【解答】答案：misty．考查单词、词组．例如：It was a misty morning， but not very cold．
这是一个多雾的清晨，但不太冷．
3．【解答】答案：foggy．考查单词、词组．例如：He left Beijing on a foggy morning． 他在一个有雾的早上离开北京．
4．【解答】答案：conduct．考查单词、词组．例如：The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city．
导游引导我们游览了古城废墟．
5．【解答】答案：dark ， darken．考查单词、词组．例如：It's a dark and moonless night．这是一个黑暗无月的夜晚．
The sky darkened as the storm approached．风雨欲来，天色黑暗．
6．【解答】答案：analyses， analysis， analyst．考查单词、词组．例如：His analysis of the problem showed great perception．他对该问题的分析显示出敏锐的洞察力．
His analyses were always so convincing．他的分析总是那么令人信服．
Constance's husband is a financial analyst．康斯坦斯的丈夫是一名财政分析家．
7．【解答】答案： firm．考查单词、词组．例如：He has established his own firm．
他已建立起自己的公司．
8．【解答】答案：disability， disabled．考查单词、词组．例如：She learned to triumph over her disability．她学会了战胜她自身的不足．
He was disabled from walking by the accident．由于车祸，他不能走路了．
9．【解答】答案：distant．考查单词、词组．例如：His stepson is still very distant towards him．
他的继子对他仍然很疏远．
10．【解答】答案：volunteering， voluntary．考查单词、词组．例如：He enlisted as a volunteer in the army．他以志愿兵从军．
He made a voluntary statement to the police．他自愿为警方作供．
11．【解答】答案：pave．考查单词、词组．例如：The road was paved with cobblestones．
那条路是用鹅卵石铺成的．
12．【解答】答案：jewel．考查单词、词组．例如：The jewel has a beautiful shimmer．
那颗宝石有美丽的闪光．
13．【解答】答案：puzzled．考查单词、词组．例如：She listened with a puzzled expression on her face．
她脸上带著困惑的表情在倾听．
14．【解答】答案：observation， observatory， observer．考查单词、词组．例如： The patient was kept under observation all night．这位病人被观察了一整夜．
The stadium lights polluted the sky around the observatory．体育馆的灯光使得天文台周围的天空不那么宜于观测了．
He is such a subtle and careful observer．他是一位如此精细的观察者．
15．【解答】答案：anxiously， anxiety．考查单词、词组．例如：Everybody is waiting anxiously for the doctor．大家都在焦急地等着医生．
It proved difficult to disguise his anxiety．他的焦虑难以掩饰．
16．【解答】答案：relieve．考查单词、词组．例如：The Government acted quickly to relieve the widespread distress caused by the earthquake．
地震造成大范围的灾难，政府迅速采取行动赈济灾民．
17．【解答】答案：employment．考查单词、词组．例如：I got this job through an employment agency．
我通过职业介绍所找到了这份工作．
18．【解答】答案：attachment．考查单词、词组．例如：The attachment is combined with the contract．
1本合同附件是本合同不可分割的组成部分．
19．【解答】attraction ， attractive
20．【解答】答案：gratefully； gratefulness
考查单词的词性转换及翻译．根据所给的提示"grateful adj． （感激的）"和词性adv．，可知grateful的副词为gratefully，名词是gratefulness．eg：He accepted the money gratefully． 他感激地收下了钱．I'd like to express my gratefulness for your warm greetings on my recovery．谢谢你对我康复的热情问候．故填gratefully； gratefulness．
21．【解答】答案：recognization．考查翻译填空．例如：Please cooperate in the human﹣face recognization precedure．
请配合进行人脸识别．
22．【解答】答案：reduction．考查单词、词组．例如：The reduction of unemployment should be paramount．
降低失业率应是头等大事．
23．【解答】答案：comparison， comparative， comparatively．考查单词、词组．例如：We can only tell good from bad by comparison．我们可以通过比较来分辨好坏．
He majored in comparative literature．他的专业是比较文学．
His intelligence is comparatively favourable with that of his brother．他的智力相对地比他哥哥强．
24．【解答】答案：probably， probability．考查单词、词组．例如：That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night．那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢．
The probability that it will rain today is high．今天下雨的可能性很大．
25．【解答】答案：unfit， fitness．考查单词、词组．例如：The water is unfit for drinking．这水不宜饮用．
Good muscles are one of the prerequisites of physical fitness．肌肉发达是身体健康的一个必备条件．
II. 填空：A. 单句填空：
26．【解答】approaching
27．【解答】答案：hesitation 考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中作介词的宾语，故用名词形式．所给单词hesitate是动词，表示（对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决．其名词为hesitation，without hesitation毫不犹豫地、心甘情愿地，符合语境．
故答案为hesitation
28．【解答】答案：begging 考查词类转换．动词 reduce的含义是：减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等）．reduce sb．/sth． to表示使陷入（更坏）境地，使沦落，使陷入窘境．在短语中to是介词，后接名词或动词的ing形式．所以空白处填begging，符合语境．
故答案为begging
29．【解答】Compared
30．【解答】答案：to be found．考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，water与find之间是动宾关系，且表示未来动作，要用动词不定式的一般被动式．
31．【解答】答案：himself 考查代词．结合语境，并根据短语come to oneself（苏醒过来、恢复知觉）中需用反身代词，he的反身代词形式是himself可知，空白处填himself．
故答案为himself
32．【解答】答案：panicked 考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中作表语，用形容词．所给单词panic为动词，含义是：（使）惊慌，惊慌失措．也可作名词用，表示惊恐、恐慌．其形容词panicked表示（因某事）惊慌的、感到恐慌的．panicky也可以表示恐慌的，侧重指处于一种恐慌的状态之中．结合句意，panicked更符合语境．
故答案为panicked
33．【解答】答案：asleep/sleeping． 考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中作动词found 的宾语补足语．在"find sb．/sth． +宾补"结构中，常用形容词、名词或代词、副词、介词短语及非谓语动词作宾语补足语．
所给单词sleep为动词，所以用形容词asleep（睡着的、入睡的）表示宾语him所处的状态，也可用动词的ing形式sleeping补充说明宾语正在进行的动作．
故答案为asleep/sleeping
34．【解答】答案：probably．考查词类转换．通过分析句子结构可知，所填单词在句子中修饰动词disintegrate，所以用副词形式．所给单词 probable为形容词，表示"很可能发生的"．其副词形式为probably．
故答案为probably
35．【解答】答案：to reduce
考查非谓语．分析句子结构可知，we can imagine是定语从句修饰先行词way，因为句子的谓语是is，所以所给词reduce是非谓语，way后面的动词常用不定式作后置定语，故填to reduce．
B. 短文填空：
36．【解答】1． but．考查连词．上文说：有将近400种不同的鲨鱼，下文说：只有将近30种袭击过人类，表示转折关系，用but．
2． most．考查最高级．the most dangerous意为"最危险的"．故填most．
3． and．考查连词． the tiger shark 和the tank shark是并列关系，用and．
4．to．考查介词．使用短语contrary to意为"和…相反"．故填to．
5．shows．考查主谓一致．这篇文章使用一般现在时，主语是evidence，谓语用三单．故填shows．
6．three．考查基数词．根据上文可知有三种袭击人的鲨鱼．故填three．
7．because．考查连词．句意：鲨鱼袭击你因为它错将你当成是一条鱼．故填because．
8．its．考查代词．指代the shark ，修饰nose用its．故填its．
9．to be eaten．考查不定式．使用be fit to do适合做某事，you和eat是被动关系．故填to be eaten．
10． to swim．考查不定式．使用wait for sb to do sth意为"等待某人做某事"．故填to swim．
III. 改错：A. 单句改错
37．【解答】答案：hesitated → hesitated over；考查句子改错．hesitate over|about sth踌躇；犹豫；故填hesitated → hesitated over．
38．【解答】reduced by→ reduced to
39．【解答】答案：have → have been；分析句子可知，for five years是现在完成时的标志，且I和 employe之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动．
故填have → have been．
40．【解答】答案：by → of；考查句子改错．本句考查固定结构be relieved of被解除，被免除．
故填by → of．
41．【解答】答案：usually → usual；分句句子可知，than是介词，后需要用形容词，所以要usually → usual，
故填usually → usual．
42．【解答】答案：with → to；考查句子改错．compare with和…比较；compare to把…比作…；分析句子可知应用compare to把…比作…故填with → to．
43．【解答】答案：as→ for；考查句子改错．mistake sb for误认为…，故填as→ for．
44．【解答】答案：surround → surrounded；分析句子可知，himself和surround之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词surrounded．
故填surround → surrounded．
45．【解答】答案：attaching → attached；考查句子改错．分析句子可知，本句考查固定搭配"be attached to附属于；喜爱；爱慕"，所以要用attached．
故填attaching → attached．
46．【解答】第二个who→ that
B. 短文改错：
47．【解答】第一句：in → at 第二句：wherever→ whenever 第三句：There → It 第四句：out → off 第五句：and → but 第六句：去掉when；footsteps前加the 第七句：said → saying 第八句： woman → man 第九句： fears → fear