人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit3 Inventors and inventions 复习同位语从句课件 （共15张）
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| 名称 | 人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit3 Inventors and inventions 复习同位语从句课件 （共15张） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 62.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（新课程标准） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2019-06-06 09:00:47 | ||
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课件15张PPT。复习同位语从句同位语（Appositive）定义对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫同位语。同位语常放在被说明的词之后, 说明它们的内容、性质和情况等，有时有逗号隔开。例如：
Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.
王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。
同位语从句跟在某些表示抽象概念的名词后，如news, idea, information, fact, hope, thought, belief, rumor (谣言), doubt (疑问)，作这些词的同样的成分，具体说明这些名词的内容。连接词通常用that。
We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun. 我们都知道地球绕着太阳转这个真理。
同位语从句的特殊用法
The rumor spread that a new school would be built here.
这里要建造一所新学校的传言传播开来。(谓语过短，放同位语从句和名词之间)
There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还有疑问。
(如果同位语从句表达疑问，要用相应的特殊疑问词)
同位语从句和定语从句的差别同位语从句：说明内容，that不是从句的一个成分。
定语从句：说明性质和特征，that是从句的一个成分。
（区别两种从句的窍门是：看从句是否缺成分）
1. He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.
他提出第二个问题先讨论这一建议。（that不作成分，是同位语从句）
2. The suggestion that he had put forward was turned down.
他提出的建议被拒绝了。（that作成分----宾语，是定语从句）
2. 引导词：
1）that 2）whether 3）how, when, where, who等
注意：1）that不在从句中作成分，不能省略。2）if一般不引导同位语从句。3）同位语从句要用陈述句语序。
The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
我们是否应该继续做实验的问题还没有解决。
I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
3. 同位语从句中的虚拟语气
表示“建议，要求，命令”的名词，如advice, suggestion, proposal (建议), demand, request, requirement (要求), decision(决定), order (命令), recommendation(劝告，推荐)等后的同位语从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，结构是“should+ 动词原形”，其中should可省略。
Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer.
老师就我们如何使用计算机提出一些建议。4. “名词+when/ where等+从句”结构
如果when，where代替前面的名词在从句中作时间或地点状语，是定语从句；而当when，where在从句中表示疑问，是同位语从句。
Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.
之后他提出了问题：他们会在哪里找到这些机器的需求呢？
（where表示疑问，是同位语从句）
Do you know the place where he was born? 你知道他出生的地方吗？
(where相当于in the place，在从句中说明was born的地点，是定语从句)
5. doubt（怀疑）后的同位语从句
1）名词doubt后的同位语从句后的多用whether引导；?
2） no doubt （不怀疑）之后的同位语从句用that引导。
We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
我们怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务。
连接词选择的答题技巧
从历届高考题分析可知，连接词的选择是高考重点考查的。下面我们通过一些习题来归纳一下名词性从句的答题技巧。
Ⅰ. 从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，用连接代词。
1. 缺的成分指“人”，在who, whom, whoever, whomever中选择；
2. 指一定范围中的哪一个（既可指人，也可指物），则用which或whichever；
3. 如果不符合上述两种情况中的任意一种，在what或whatever中选择。
4. 表示“谁的”，用whose；指“什么的”则用what或whatever。
5. who, whom等只作从句的句子成分，而whoever, whomever, “一身兼两职”，既是主句的句子成分又做从句的句子成分，通常可将其分解成any person who/ whom。如：
______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom Ⅱ. 如果名词性从句中不缺少上述成分，则根据句意有无疑问选择连接词。
1. 从句语义是确定无疑的，则用that。
2. 两者选其一，在宾语从句中可在whether和if 中选一个，其它名词性从句只能用whether；
3. 在事物的某一方面有疑问则在连接副词when, where, why, how等连词中进行选择。【实战练习】
（ B ）1. Information has been put forward ______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. as
（ B ）2. It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，and this is the information ____ has been put forward.
A. what B. that C. when D. as
（ B ）3. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
（ B ）4. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ____a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether （ A ）5. There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if
（ D ）6. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
A. which B. as C. why D. where
（ A ）7. His movie won several awards at the film festival，______ was beyond his wildest dream.
A. which B. at C. where D. it
（ B ）8. The news ________ is spreading around the airport is ________ a heavy storm is coming.
A．what；不填 B．that；that C．不填；that D．that；which
（ D ）9. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
（ B ）10. Dandy left word with my secretary ______he would call again in the afternoon.
A．who B. that C. as D. which
1.完成练习册P11练习
2.完成下列自我检测题
（ B ）11. Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?
A．that B．what C．as D．which
（ B ）12. One of them held the view _______ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what C. that D. whether
（ D ）13. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.
A. when B. which C. what D. that
（ A ）14. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need _______.
A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving D. when; improving
（ C ）15. Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A．what B．which C．that D．where四、【课外作业】（ C ）16. When the news came __________the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army.
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（ A ）17. ______ is no possibility _______ Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, which
（ B ）18. We made the suggestion that he _______ his work .
A. continues B. continue C. continued D. had continued
（ D ）19. Many newspapers printed the governor’s statement _____ would support a tax cut.
A. and he B. was that he C. which he D. that he
（ C ）20._____ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.
A. Which B. How C. What D. That
（ C ）21. The reason why it has been such a success _______ he never gives up.
A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what （ B ）22. I don’t think the question _______ they are old or young is important.
A. which B. whether C. how D. why
（ D ）23. Difficulty lies _______ we have no money.
A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that
（ B ）24. It makes no difference _______ you will go today or tomorrow.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
（ C ）25. Dad is used to smoking and drinking. There’s no chance ________ I’m able to talk him into ________.
A．whether；giving it up B．of whether；giving them up
C．that；getting rid of them D．which；stopping it
（ B ）26. Do you have any idea ________ electricity plays such an important part in our daily life?
A．why is it that B．how it is that
C．why was it D．when it was that （ D ）27. I can’t stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
（ C ）28．Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real，and much of ________ happens is strange.
A．which B．that C．what D． it
（ A ）29．Some language experts think we learn languages in the same way ________ we learn other things，and ________ we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt.
A．不填；that what B．which；what
C．that；what that D．in which；that
（ D ）30．It was in time of danger ________ he made the final decision ________ they should send more doctors there.
A．where；that B．when；which
C．where；what D．that；that
Thank you
Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.
王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。
同位语从句跟在某些表示抽象概念的名词后，如news, idea, information, fact, hope, thought, belief, rumor (谣言), doubt (疑问)，作这些词的同样的成分，具体说明这些名词的内容。连接词通常用that。
We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun. 我们都知道地球绕着太阳转这个真理。
同位语从句的特殊用法
The rumor spread that a new school would be built here.
这里要建造一所新学校的传言传播开来。(谓语过短，放同位语从句和名词之间)
There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还有疑问。
(如果同位语从句表达疑问，要用相应的特殊疑问词)
同位语从句和定语从句的差别同位语从句：说明内容，that不是从句的一个成分。
定语从句：说明性质和特征，that是从句的一个成分。
（区别两种从句的窍门是：看从句是否缺成分）
1. He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.
他提出第二个问题先讨论这一建议。（that不作成分，是同位语从句）
2. The suggestion that he had put forward was turned down.
他提出的建议被拒绝了。（that作成分----宾语，是定语从句）
2. 引导词：
1）that 2）whether 3）how, when, where, who等
注意：1）that不在从句中作成分，不能省略。2）if一般不引导同位语从句。3）同位语从句要用陈述句语序。
The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.
我们是否应该继续做实验的问题还没有解决。
I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
3. 同位语从句中的虚拟语气
表示“建议，要求，命令”的名词，如advice, suggestion, proposal (建议), demand, request, requirement (要求), decision(决定), order (命令), recommendation(劝告，推荐)等后的同位语从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，结构是“should+ 动词原形”，其中should可省略。
Our teacher gave us some advice how we (should) use the computer.
老师就我们如何使用计算机提出一些建议。4. “名词+when/ where等+从句”结构
如果when，where代替前面的名词在从句中作时间或地点状语，是定语从句；而当when，where在从句中表示疑问，是同位语从句。
Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.
之后他提出了问题：他们会在哪里找到这些机器的需求呢？
（where表示疑问，是同位语从句）
Do you know the place where he was born? 你知道他出生的地方吗？
(where相当于in the place，在从句中说明was born的地点，是定语从句)
5. doubt（怀疑）后的同位语从句
1）名词doubt后的同位语从句后的多用whether引导；?
2） no doubt （不怀疑）之后的同位语从句用that引导。
We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
我们怀疑他们是否能按时完成任务。
连接词选择的答题技巧
从历届高考题分析可知，连接词的选择是高考重点考查的。下面我们通过一些习题来归纳一下名词性从句的答题技巧。
Ⅰ. 从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，用连接代词。
1. 缺的成分指“人”，在who, whom, whoever, whomever中选择；
2. 指一定范围中的哪一个（既可指人，也可指物），则用which或whichever；
3. 如果不符合上述两种情况中的任意一种，在what或whatever中选择。
4. 表示“谁的”，用whose；指“什么的”则用what或whatever。
5. who, whom等只作从句的句子成分，而whoever, whomever, “一身兼两职”，既是主句的句子成分又做从句的句子成分，通常可将其分解成any person who/ whom。如：
______ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.
A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom Ⅱ. 如果名词性从句中不缺少上述成分，则根据句意有无疑问选择连接词。
1. 从句语义是确定无疑的，则用that。
2. 两者选其一，在宾语从句中可在whether和if 中选一个，其它名词性从句只能用whether；
3. 在事物的某一方面有疑问则在连接副词when, where, why, how等连词中进行选择。【实战练习】
（ B ）1. Information has been put forward ______ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. as
（ B ）2. It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，and this is the information ____ has been put forward.
A. what B. that C. when D. as
（ B ）3. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
（ B ）4. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ____a cure for AIDS will be found.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether （ A ）5. There is much chance ______ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.
A. that B. which C. until D. if
（ D ）6. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
A. which B. as C. why D. where
（ A ）7. His movie won several awards at the film festival，______ was beyond his wildest dream.
A. which B. at C. where D. it
（ B ）8. The news ________ is spreading around the airport is ________ a heavy storm is coming.
A．what；不填 B．that；that C．不填；that D．that；which
（ D ）9. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
（ B ）10. Dandy left word with my secretary ______he would call again in the afternoon.
A．who B. that C. as D. which
1.完成练习册P11练习
2.完成下列自我检测题
（ B ）11. Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom?
A．that B．what C．as D．which
（ B ）12. One of them held the view _______ the book said was right.
A. what that B. that what C. that D. whether
（ D ）13. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.
A. when B. which C. what D. that
（ A ）14. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ______ road conditions need _______.
A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving D. when; improving
（ C ）15. Modern science has given clear evidence ________ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A．what B．which C．that D．where四、【课外作业】（ C ）16. When the news came __________the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army.
A．since B．which C．that D．because
（ A ）17. ______ is no possibility _______ Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, which
（ B ）18. We made the suggestion that he _______ his work .
A. continues B. continue C. continued D. had continued
（ D ）19. Many newspapers printed the governor’s statement _____ would support a tax cut.
A. and he B. was that he C. which he D. that he
（ C ）20._____ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun.
A. Which B. How C. What D. That
（ C ）21. The reason why it has been such a success _______ he never gives up.
A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what （ B ）22. I don’t think the question _______ they are old or young is important.
A. which B. whether C. how D. why
（ D ）23. Difficulty lies _______ we have no money.
A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that
（ B ）24. It makes no difference _______ you will go today or tomorrow.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
（ C ）25. Dad is used to smoking and drinking. There’s no chance ________ I’m able to talk him into ________.
A．whether；giving it up B．of whether；giving them up
C．that；getting rid of them D．which；stopping it
（ B ）26. Do you have any idea ________ electricity plays such an important part in our daily life?
A．why is it that B．how it is that
C．why was it D．when it was that （ D ）27. I can’t stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
（ C ）28．Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real，and much of ________ happens is strange.
A．which B．that C．what D． it
（ A ）29．Some language experts think we learn languages in the same way ________ we learn other things，and ________ we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt.
A．不填；that what B．which；what
C．that；what that D．in which；that
（ D ）30．It was in time of danger ________ he made the final decision ________ they should send more doctors there.
A．where；that B．when；which
C．where；what D．that；that
Thank you