课件21张PPT。语法复习专题
名词性从句 名词性从句
名词性从句包括_________从句、
_________从句、 _________从句和
_________从句。
主语宾语表语同位语一、主语从句
定义:_____________________________
1. ______作形式主语。
常见句型有:
<1> it+be+adj. +that
<2> it +be+名词词组+that
e.g. no wonder/an honor/a good
thing/a pity/no surprise, etc
<3> it+be+v-ed+that
e.g. said/reported/thought/
expected/decided/announced/
arranged, etc ?在复合句中作主语的从句it2. 在主语从句中,whether和if的用法。
当主语从句放于句首时,只能用__________;
当it做形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用
_________________。和 or not连用时,用
_________________
e.g. ___________ the meeting will be given
is still a problem.
e.g. It is doubtful ____________he will come
here. whetherwhether/if Whetherwhether/if whether3. 在主语从句中,特殊疑问词的用法。
在主语从句中,如果缺主语、宾语、表语,
则用__________来补。若是指人,则用
__________来补。若是缺时间状语,则用
__________ 来补,若是缺地点状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺方式状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺原因状语,则用
__________ 来补。
whatwhowhenwherehowwhy<1>________ you do speaks louder than
what you say.
<2> It makes no difference _________ we
shall have the meeting. Either the
office or the conference room will do.
<3> It has not been known yet __________
was elected vice president.
<4> It is not clear ___________ he didn’t
report the accident sooner.whatwherewhowhy二、宾语从句
定义:_____________________________
that省略的情况:
that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常。_____________但下列情况除外:
<1>介词宾语从句的that不能省略。
e.g. 我对他一无所知,除了他是四川人。
I know nothing about him except that
he came from Sichuan.
<2> ?and连接的两个宾语从句,第二个从句的
that不能省略。
e.g. 他告诉我他有两个儿子,而且他们都已
经上大学了。
?在复合句中作宾语的从句省略
He told me (that) he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.
<3>it作形式宾语时,that 引导的宾语从句中,
that不可以省略
e.g. 我们发现在这么短的时间内完成这个项
目是不可能的。
We found it impossible that we could
finish the project in such a short time.
2. 宾语从句中的语序:________________
e.g. 我们正在讨论下一步该做什么。
We are discussing what we should
do next.
3. 在宾语从句中,特殊疑问词的使用
在宾语从句中,如果缺主语、宾语、表语,
则用__________来补。若是指人,则用
__________来补。若是缺时间状语,则用
__________ 来补,若是缺地点状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺方式状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺原因状语,则用
__________ 来补。
陈述语序whatwhowhenwherehowwhy<1> We shall not forget __________ the
meeting will start. The professor will
be annoyed if we are late.
<2> She will give ___________needs help a
warm support.
<3> She walked up to ___________ he stood.
<4> I can judge by ___________ I know of him.
<5> You can write about ____________ topic
you prefer.whenwhoeverwherewhatwhatever4. 宾语从句中的时态问题
主句为一般现在时,从句_____________________。
主句为过去时,从句_____________________。
从句表示客观事实时, 从句用_______________。
e.g. 他昨天告诉我他今天会去上海。
He told me yesterday he would go
to Shanghai today.
他说他已经完成家庭作业了。
He said he had done his homework. 可为任意时态变为相应的过去时态一般现在时三、表语从句
定义:_____________________________
that省略的情况:
在表语从句中,that____________。
e.g. 我的决定是我们所有人明天早上9点出发。
My decision is that all of us are to
set off/out at 9 am tomorrow.
2. whether/if在表语从句中的使用:
在表语从句中,只能用______________。
e.g. 问题是学生是否愿意投入精力学习。
The problem is whether students
are willing to be devoted to
learning.? 复合句中在系动词之后作表语的从句? 不能省whether3. 在表语从句中,特殊疑问词的使用
在表语从句中,如果缺主语、宾语、表语,
则用__________来补。若是指人,则用
__________来补。若是缺时间状语,则用
__________ 来补,若是缺地点状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺方式状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺原因状语,则用
__________ 来补。whatwhowhenwherehowwhy<1> 这就是我们问题的所在。
This is where our problem lies.
<2> 明天就是最方便的时候。
Tomorrow is when it would be most
convenient.
<3> 这就是为什么环保问题难以解决的一个原因。
This is why environmental pollution is
hard to settle.
<4> 这就是你们解决问题的方式吗?
Is this how you cope with the problem?四、同位语从句
定义:_______________________________
_______________________________
that省略的情况:
在同位语从句中,that____________。
e.g. 我有一种感觉,我们再也不会见面了。
There is a feeling in me that we will
never see each other again.
2. whether/if在同位语从句中的使用:
在同位语从句中,只能用______________。
e.g. 我完全不知道明天听不听写。
I have no idea whether we will have
a dictation tomorrow.在复合句中充当同位语的从句,用来
对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明? 不能省? whether常用名词: belief, fact, idea, hope, news, doubt, result, thought, information, word, opinion, suggestion, order, demand, wish…
3. 在同位语从句中,特殊疑问词的使用
在同位语从句中,如果缺主语、宾语、表语,
则用__________来补。若是指人,则用
__________来补。若是缺时间状语,则用
__________ 来补,若是缺地点状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺方式状语,则用
__________ 来补。若是缺原因状语,则用
__________ 来补。whatwhowhenwherehowwhy<1> 如何执行计划?这个问题的答案还不清楚。
The answer to the question how the
plan will be conducted is still not clear.
<2> 他们仓促地得出了谁该对车祸负责的结论。
They jumped to the conclusion who
was to blame for the accident.
<3>我们还没有搞定去哪里过暑假这个问题。
We haven’t yet settled the question
where we are going to spend our
summer vacation.六、名词性从句的几个难点:
wh-ever与no matter wh-的区别
______________可以用来引导名词性从句和让步
状语从句。
_________________ 只能用来引导让步状语从句。
e.g. 我说什么他都信。
No matter what/whatever I say, he would
believe it.
He would believe whatever I say.wh-everno matter wh-名词性从句的几个难点:
2. that 引导的不同从句的区别。
e.g. The news ________our football team
won the match was encouraging.
The news _________ we heard on the
radio was not true.
Live your life in the belief _______
you will achieve through endless
efforts.
It was his belief______ helped him
through hardships.thatthatthatthatHe made a promise that he would keep it a secret.
He didn’t keep the promise that he had made.区别:
从句与前面的名词的关系?
“that”在从句中是否做成分?
能不能省略?名词性从句的几个难点:3.名词性从句的引导词和语序。不省
that可省
that不省that不省that不省that放句首只
能用
whether只能用
whether只能用
whether陈述语序陈述语序陈述语序陈述语序均可whe-
ther