2019年江苏省高考英语试卷（解析版，无音频）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2019年高考英语真题试卷（江苏卷）原卷+解析
一、听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
1.（2019?江苏）Where
does
this
conversation
take
place?
A.?In
a
classroom.?
B.?In
a
hospital.???
C.?In
a
museum.
【答案】
B
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
2.（2019?江苏）What
does
Jack
want
to
do?
A.?Take
fitness
classes.
B.?Buy
a
pair
of
gym
shoes.?C.?Change
his
work
schedule.
【答案】
A
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
3.（2019?江苏）What
are
the
speakers
talking
about?
A.?What
to
drink.??
B.?Where
to
meet.???C.?When
to
leave.
【答案】
B
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
4.（2019?江苏）What
is
the
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.?Colleges??B.?Classmates????C.?Strangers
【答案】
C
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
5.（2019?江苏）Why
is
Emily
mentioned
in
the
conversation?
A.?She
might
want
a
ticket.
B.?She
is
looking
for
the
man.?C.?She
has
an
extra
ticket.
【答案】
A
【考点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
二、听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
6.（2019?江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）How
long
did
James
run
his
business?
A.?10
years.??
B.?13years.?????C.?15
years.
（2）How
does
the
woman
feel
about
James'
situation?
A.?Embarrassed????B.?Concerned?????C.?Disappointed
【答案】
（1）C（2）B
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
7.（2019?江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What
has
Kate's
mother
decided
to
do?
A.?Return
to
school.?
B.?Change
her
job.????C.?Retire
from
work.
（2）What
did
Kate's
mother
study
at
college?
A.?Oil
painting.???B.?Art
history.???C.?Business
administration.
（3）What
is
Kate's
attitude
toward
her
mother's
decision?
A.?Disapproving????B.?Ambiguous????C.?Understanding
【答案】
（1）A（2）C（3）C
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
8.（2019?江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What
is
the
man
doing?
A.?Chairing
a
meeting.?
B.?Hosting
a
radio
program.?
C.?Conducting
a
job
interview.
（2）What
benefits
Mary
most
in
her
job?
A.?Her
wide
reading.??
B.?Her
leaders'
guidance.???C.?Her
friends'
help
（3）Who
will
Mary
talk
about
next?
A.?Her
teacher.???
B.?Her
father???????C.?Her
mother.
【答案】
（1）B（2）A（3）C
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
9.（2019?江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）Why
does
the
man
seldom
do
exercise?
A.?He
lacks
motivation.?
B.?He
has
a
heart
problem.?
C.?He
works
all
the
time.
（2）What
does
Jacob
Sattelmair
probably
do?
A.?He's
an
athlete.?
B.?He's
a
researcher.??C.?He's
a
journalist.
（3）Why
does
the
woman
speak
of
a
study?
A.?To
encourage
the
man.?B.?To
recommend
an
exercise.
C.?To
support
her
findings.
（4）How
much
time
will
the
man
probably
spend
exercising
weekly?
A.?300
minutes.?
B.?150
minute.????C.?75
minutes.
【答案】
（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）C
【考点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】略
10.（2019?江苏）听材料，回答小题。
（1）What
did
the
scientists
do
to
the
road?
A.?They
repaired
it.??
B.?They
painted
it.????C.?They
blocked
it
（2）Why
are
young
birds
drawn
to
the
road
surface?
A.?It's
warm.???B.?It's
brown.????C.?It's
smooth.
（3）What
is
the
purpose
of
the
scientists'
experiment?
A.?To
keep
the
birds
there
for
a
whole
year.
B.?To
help
students
study
the
birds
well.
C.?To
prevent
the
birds
from
being
killed.
【答案】
（1）B（2）A（3）C
【考点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】略
三、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
11.（2019?江苏）We
have
entered
into
an
age
________
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
A.?which???B.?what?????C.?when?????D.?that
【答案】
C
【考点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an
age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。
故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词when引导的限制性定语从句。
12.（2019?江苏）The
musician
along
with
his
band
members
________
ten
performances
in
the
last
three
months.
A.?gives??
B.?has
given??C.?have
given??D.?give
【答案】
B
【考点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：在过去的三个月里，这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in
the
last
three
months”可知，这句话的时态为现在完成时，本句主语为the
musician，为第三人称单数形式，句中的“along
with
his
band
members”是附加成分，故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致，本题涉及现在完成时。
13.（2019?江苏）The
doctor
shares
his
phone
number
with
the
patients
________
they
need
medical
assistance.
A.?if
only??
B.?as
if???C.?even
though????D.?in
case
【答案】
D
【考点】条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A.
if
only“是......多好”；B.
as
if“好像，仿佛”；C.
even
though“即使，尽管”；D.
in
case“以备，以防，免得”。故选D。
【点评】考查状语从句，区分if
only；as
if；even
though和in
case的含义。
14.（2019?江苏）More
wind
power
stations
will
________
to
meet
the
demand
for
clean
energy.
A.?take
up?????B.?clear
up????C.?hold
up???D.?spring
up
【答案】
D
【考点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：为了满足新能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A.
take
up“开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）”；B.
clear
up“整理，收拾，解决（问题）”；C.
hold
up“（论点、理论等）
站得住脚，阻挡，举起”；D.
spring
up“出现，涌现”。发电站需要被建立，故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分take
up；clear
up；hold
up和
spring
up的含义。
15.（2019?江苏）Scientists
have
obtained
more
evidence
________
plastic
is
finding
its
way
into
the
human
body.
A.?what????B.?that????C.?which?????D.?where
【答案】
B
【考点】同位语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的同位语从句。
16.（2019?江苏）Nowadays
the
________
for
travelling
is
shifted
from
shopping
to
food
and
scenery.
A.?priority??B.?potential???C.?proportion???D.?pension
【答案】
A
【考点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A.
priority“优先，优先权”；B.
potential“潜力，潜能”；C.
proportion“比例，占比”；D.
pension“退休金，抚恤金”。旅游中美食美景是比较重要的，为优先，故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分
priority；potential；proportion和pension的含义。
17.（2019?江苏）Favorable
policies
are
________
to
encourage
employees'
professional
development.
A.?in
effect??
B.?in
command?
?C.?in
turn??????D.?in
shape
【答案】
A
【考点】介词和介词短语
【解析】【分析】句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。A.
in
effect“实际上”；B.
in
command“指挥”；C.
in
turn“轮流，依次”；D.
in
shape“在外形上，处于良好的状态”。故选A。
【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分
in
effect；in
command；
in
turn和in
shape的含义。
18.（2019?江苏）Unlike
traditional
gyms,
app-backed
gyms
offer
people
________
options
to
exercise.
A.?casual????B.?regular????C.?flexible????D.?tight
【答案】
C
【考点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A.
casual“偶然的，随便的”；B.
regular“定期的，有规律的”；C.
flexible“灵活的”；D.
tight“紧的，密封的”。与传统体育锻炼做对比，有app软件的锻炼比较灵活，故选C。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分casual；
regular；
flexible和
tight的含义。
19.（2019?江苏）A
few
months
after
he
had
arrived
in
China,
Mr.
Smith
________
in
love
with
the
people
and
culture
there.
A.?would
fall???B.?had
fallen????C.?has
fallen????D.?fell
【答案】
D
【考点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had
arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
20.（2019?江苏）________
the
convenience
of
digital
payment,
many
senior
citizens
started
to
use
smart
phones.
A.?To
enjoy?
?B.?Enjoying??C.?To
have
enjoyed???D.?Enjoy
【答案】
A
【考点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处是不定式作目的状语，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
21.（2019?江苏）What
a
pity!
You
missed
the
sightseeing,
or
we
________
a
good
time
together.
A.?had???B.?will
have???C.?would
have
had?????D.?had
had
【答案】
C
【考点】虚拟语气与真实语气的混合使用
【解析】【分析】句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would,
could,
might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。
【点评】考查虚拟语气，本题涉及过去事实相反的假设。
22.（2019?江苏）China's
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries
________
its
role
in
international
affairs.
A.?recognizing??B.?being
recognized?
C.?to
be
recognized??D.?recognized
【答案】
A
【考点】动词现在分词，分词
【解析】【分析】句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with
+
名词
+
现在分词结构，故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词的独立主格结构。
23.（2019?江苏）They
are
trying
to
make
sure
that
5G
terminals
________
by
2022
for
the
Beijing
Winer
Olympics.
A.?will
install???B.?will
have
been
installed??
C.?are
installed??
D.?have
been
installed
【答案】
B
【考点】动词的语态，将来完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及将来完成时的被动语态。
24.（2019?江苏）A
city
is
the
product
of
the
human
hand
and
mind,
________
man's
intelligence
and
creativity.
A.?resembling?
?B.?reflecting???C.?reviewing?
?D.?restoring
【答案】
B
【考点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling“像”；reflecting“反映”；reviewing“回顾”；restoring“恢复”。城市反映了人们的智慧和创造力，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，区分resemble；reflect；review和restore的含义。
25.（2019?江苏）—Let's
take
a
coffee
break.
—________
We've
been
working
for
hours.
A.?Why
bother???
B.?What
for??
?C.?You
got
me
there.??D.?You
said
it.
【答案】
D
【考点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——我们休息一下喝杯咖啡吧。——你算说对了。我们已经工作好几个小时了。why
bother“没有必要”；what
for“为什么”；You
got
me
there“你把我搞糊涂了”；You
said
it“你算说对了”。下文说“我们已经工作好几个小时了”，上文应该是赞同这个建议。
故选D。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分
why
bother？；what
for？；You
got
me
there和You
said
it的含义和使用环境。
四、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
26.（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
???
Wildlife
has
been
greatly
threatened
in
the
modem
age.
There
are
species
(物种)
that
are
1
?every
day.
The
white-naped
crane
is
a
typical
example.
So
scientists
are
trying
their
best
to
2
?the
species
from
going
out
of
existence.
???
Chris
and
Tim
work
at
a
zoo,
helping
endangered
cranes
with
their
3
.
Emma,
a
female
crane,
has
been
in
their
4
?since
she
arrived
in
2004.
???
Born
at
an
international
crane
foundation,
Emma
was
5
?by
human
caretakers.
This
led
to
an
unexpected
6
,
though
she
had
a
wonderful
time
there.
Emma
had
7
?taken
herself
as
a
crane
and
become
deeply
attached
to
humans.
She
8
?to
live
with
male
cranes,
and
even
had
a
9
?for
killing
some
of
them,
which
made
it
10
?for
her
to
become
a
mother.
???
11
,
the
two
zookeepers
didn't
want
to
see
the
extinction
(灭绝)
of
this
precious
species.
With
their
patience
and
efforts,
they
successfully
developed
a
12
?of
artificial
breeding
(人工繁殖)
and
natural
reproduction.
This
13
?Emma
to
give
birth
to
five
baby
cranes.
???
The
two
keepers
are
proud
of
their
productive
work.
But
before
they
can
be
14
,
more
efforts
must
be
made,
because
the
population
of
the
crane
in
the
wild
is
on
the
15
,
and
many
other
species
appear
headed
toward
extinction.
16
,
not
everyone
has
realized
that
wildlife
has
thoughts,
feelings,
and
most
importantly,
equal
rights
to
survive.
???
How
can
we
17
?the
ever-widening
gap
that
separates
us
from
other
animals?
Chris
and
Tim
offered
us
the
18
:
human
beings
took
it
for
granted
that
their
19
?held
all
the
solutions,
but
maybe
their
hearts
can
be
a
better
20
.
1.
A.
growing
B.
migrating
C.
competing
D.
disappearing
2.
A.
ban
B.
save
C.
split
D.
remove
3.
A.
abortion
B.
recreation
C.
reproduction
D.
administration
4.
A.
care
B.
eye
C.
mind
D.
story
5.
A.
found
B.
chosen
C.
raised
D.
seized
6.
A.
bonus
B.
consequence
C.
victory
D.
sacrifice
7.
A.
never
B.
always
C.
unluckily
D.
cheerfully
8.
A.
liked
B.
refused
C.
decided
D.
hesitated
9.
A.
gift
B.
skill
C.
concern
D.
reputation
10.
A.
illegal
B.
inspiring
C.
important
D.
impossible
11.
A.
Therefore
B.
Moreover
C.
However
D.
Instead
12.
A.
combination
B.
collection
C.
strategy
D.
system
13.
A.
forced
B.
forbade
C.
taught
D.
enabled
14.
A.
defeated
B.
grateful
C.
assured
D.
tolerant
15.
A.
it
B.
rise
C.
agenda
D.
decline
16.
A.
In
contrast
B.
After
all
C.
By
the
way
D.
On
the
contrary
17.
A.
leave
B.
bridge
C.
open
D.
identify
18.
A.
course
B.
excuse
C.
answer
D.
reward
19.
A.
brains
B.
behaviors
C.
services
D.
projects
20.
A.
guide
B.
treat
C.
example
D.
companion
【答案】
（1）D；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）D；（10）D；（11）C；（12）A；（13）D；（14）C；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）C；（19）A；（20）A；
【考点】夹叙夹议，科普环保类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在现代，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝。白鹤就是其中之一。但是，有很多人正在竭尽全力保护这些物种免于灭绝。Chris和Tim通过努力，帮助一只名叫Emma的雌鹤繁殖了五只幼鹤。
（1）考查动词。A：growing“生长”；B：migrating“迁移，迁徙”；C：competing“竞争”；D：disappearing?“消失”。根据“Wildlife
has
been
greatly
threatened
in
the
modern
age”和最“…the
species
from
going
out
of
existence”可以推知，野生动物正在遭受巨大威胁，每天都有一些物种灭绝，即：“消失”。故选D。
（2）考查动词。A：ban“禁止”；B：save“挽救，节约”；C：split“分裂，分离”；D：remove?“移除，去掉”。根据上文每天都有物种消失，那么该句应指科学家们正在竭尽全力保护这些物种，使它们免于灭绝。故选B。
（3）考查名词。A：abortion“流产，（计划等）失败”；B：recreation“娱乐，消遣”；C：reproduction“繁殖”；D：administration?“管理”。根据上文科学家们竭尽全力保护濒临灭绝的物种，由此推知，该处应指Chris和Tim帮助濒危物种繁殖，增加它们的数量，这样它们才不至于灭绝。故该空应指繁殖，故选C。
（4）考查名词。A：care“关心，照顾”；B：eye“眼”；C：mind“思维”；D：story?“故事，经历”。自从2004年，Emma一直由Chris和Tim照顾。该空和下一句中的“human
caretaker”呼应。故选A。
（5）考查动词。A：found“发现”；B：chosen“选择”；C：raised“升起，饲养”；D：seized“抓住”。
根据下文“human
caretakers”可知，caretaker当然是照看Emma的。故该句应指：出生在一个国际鹤基地，Emma由人类抚养照看。故答案选C。
（6）考查名词。A：bonus“奖金，额外津贴，红利”；B：consequence“后果”；C：victory“胜利”；D：sacrifice?“牺牲”。根据空后的though（尽管）可知，though前后的两个句子之间是转折关系。后面提到，她过得很开心。根据转折关系，那么前文应该表示“但是这导致了出乎意料的结果”。故选B。
（7）考查副词。A：never“从来不”；B：always“总是”；C：unluckily“不幸地是”；D：cheerfully“高高兴兴地”
根据下文中的“become
deeply
attached
to
humans…even
…killing
some
of
them”等内容可知，因为Emma一直由人类照看，所以它没有将自己看作是一只鹤，而是深深的依恋上了人类。故选A。
（8）考查动词。A：liked“喜欢”；B：refused“拒绝”；C：decided“决定”；D：hesitated“犹豫”。
根据上文，Emma不把自己当作鹤，所以它拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起。故选B。
（9）考查名词。A：gift“礼物，天赋”；B：skill“技能”；C：concern“关心，担心”；D：reputation?“声誉”。根据“even（甚至）”这个递进关系可知，Emma不仅拒绝和雄鹤生活在一起，而且因为弄死了几只雄鹤而臭名昭著。故选D。
（10）考查形容词。A：illegal“非法的”；B：inspiring“鼓舞人心的”；C：important“重要的”；D：impossible“不可能的”。
Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，这当然使得她不可能生育小鹤，成为妈妈。故选D。
（11）考查副词。A：Therefore“因此”；B：Moreover“而且”；C：However“但是，然而”；D：Instead?“代替”。上文提到Emma拒绝和雄鹤生活，使得她不可能生育小鹤。下文提到两位动物园管理员不想看到这一物种的灭绝。由此推知，上下文之间是转折关系。故选C。
（12）考查名词。A：combination“结合”；B：collection“收集，收藏”；C：strategy“策略，战略”；D：system?“机制”。经过努力，Chris和Tim成功的将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合在一起。故选A。
（13）考查动词。A：forced“强迫”；B：forbade“禁止”；C：taught“教”；D：enabled?“使能够”。Chris和Tim成功的将人工繁殖和自然繁殖结合在一起，这使得Emma诞育了五只幼鹤。enable
sb.
to
do
sth.固定短语，“使……能够做某事”，故选D。
（14）考查形容词。A：defeated“战败的”；B：grateful“感激的”；C：assured确定的，有把握的，自信的”；D：tolerant“容忍的”。
根据下文“?more
efforts
must
be
made”可知，尽管两个人为自己的成就感到骄傲，但是他们还需要付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少。所以他们还不能完全放心（白鹤不会灭绝）。故选C。
（15）考查名（代）词。A：it“它”；B：rise“提升”；C：agenda“代办处”；D：decline“下降，减少”。
根据because可知，前后句之间是因果关系，根据more
efforts
must
be
made可以推知，野生白鹤数量在减少，所以，还要付出更多的努力（来挽救白鹤灭绝）。故选D。
（16）考查介词短语。A：In
contrast“对比”；B：After
all“毕竟，终究”；C：By
the
way“顺便说一下”；D：On
the
contrary?“相反”。根据上文：野生白鹤数量正在减少，很多其他物种似乎也在逐渐灭绝。该句提到，并不是所有的人都意识到野生动物有思想，感情，以及平等生存的权利。很明显，该句是对前文出现野生动物濒临灭绝原因的一种解释。故选B。
（17）考查动词。A：leave“离开，留下”；B：bridge“架桥，渡过”；C：open“打开”；D：identify?“确定，鉴定”。针对上文提到的很多物种灭绝这种现象，作者提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？故选B。
（18）考查名词。A：course“过程，课程”；B：excuse“借口”；C：answer“回答”；D：reward“奖赏”。
上文提出一个问题：我们如何来消除将人类和动物隔开的不断扩大的鸿沟呢？Chris和Tim的做法给我们提供了一个答案。选C。
（19）考查名词。A：brains“大脑”；B：behaviors“表现，行为”；C：services“服务”；D：projects?“工程，项目”。根据下文中的“hold
all
the
solutions”可以推断出，人类认为自己的“大脑”掌握着所有的解决办法。即：人类认为自己的大脑可以想出所有的解决办法。故选A。
（20）考查名词。A：guide“向导”；B：treat“请客”；C：example“例子”；D：companion?“伙伴”。根据转折词but可以推知，人类想当然的认为自己的大脑掌握着所有的解决办法。但或许他们可以用“心”更好地“引领”他们去保护这些濒危的动物。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
五、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
27.（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
???
Whatever
your
age
or
interests,
Buxton
has
something
to
see
or
do
to
make
your
visit
truly
memorable.High
energy???
If
you
desire
physical
activities,
you
can
choose
activities
from
swimming
to
horse
riding.
Explore
the
heights
with
Go
Ape,
the
high
wire
forest
adventure
course,
or
journey
beneath
the
earth
at
Poole's
Cavern.
And
don't
forget:
we
are
surrounded
by
a
natural
playground
just
perfect
for
walking,
caving,
climbing
and
cycling.High
minded???
Buxton
is
justifiably
proud
of
its
cultural
life
and
you'll
find
much
to
suit
all
tastes
with
art,
music,
opera
and
the
performing
arts
at
Buxton
Opera
House
&
Pavilion
Arts
Centre
and
Green
Man
Gallery.
There
are
plenty
of
opportunities
for
the
creative
person
to
become
involved,
including
workshops
and
events.Keeping
the
kids
happy???
Children
love
the
small
train
and
playgrounds
in
the
Pavilion
Gardens
and
there's
plenty
more
to
explore
at
the
Buxton
Museum.
There's
a
new
indoor
play
centre,
plus
the
special
events
and
workshops,
and
others
during
school
holiday
periods
（1）If
you
want
to
take
an
undergounld
journey,
which
place
is
the
best
choice?
A.?Pole's
Caven.??
B.?Pavilion
Gardens.?
C.?Buxton
Museum.?
D.?Green
Man
Gallery.
（2）Buxton
Open
House
&
Pavilion
Arts
Centre
is
special
because
it
offers
________.
A.?rides
in
small
trains
B.?courses
in
modcm
arts
C.?artistic
and
cultural
activities
D.?basic
courses
in
horse
riding
【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
【考点】细节理解题，时文广告类，说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向游客介绍了去布克斯顿旅游可以去的一些景点的相关信息。
（1）细节理解题。根据High
energy部分中的“......
journey
beneath
the
earth
at
Poole's
Cavern”可知，在
Poole's
Cavern，可以在地下旅行，也就是乘坐地铁旅行。所以如果你想乘地铁旅行，Poole's
Cavern是你最好的选择。选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据High
minded部分中的“Buxton
is
justifiably
proud
of
it's
cultural
life
and
you
will
find
much
to
suit
all
tastes
with
art
,music,opera,and
the
performing
arts
at
Buxton
Opera
House&Pavilion
Arts
Center
and
Green
Man
Gallery”可知，Buxton
以其丰富的文化生活而自豪，在Buxton
Opera
House&Pavilion
Arts
Center
and
Green
Man
Gallery，您将发现许多适合各种品味的艺术、音乐、歌剧和表演艺术。所以Buxton
Opera
House&Pavilion
Arts
Center特别是因为它提供艺术和文化活动。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
28.（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
???
In
the
1960s,
while
studying
the
volcanic
history
of
Yellowstone
National
Park,
Bob
Christiansen
became
puzzled
about
something
that,
oddly,
had
not
troubled
anyone
before:
he
couldn't
find
the
park's
volcano.
It
had
been
known
for
a
long
time
that
Yellowstone
was
volcanic
in
nature—that's
what
accounted
for
all
its
hot
springs
and
other
steamy
features.
But
Christiansen
couldn't
find
the
Yellowstone
volcano
anywhere.
???
Most
of
us,
when
we
talk
about
volcanoes,
think
of
the
classic
cone
(圆锥体)
shapes
of
a
Fuji
or
Kilimanjaro,
which
are
created
when
erupting
magma
(岩浆)
piles
up.
These
can
form
remarkably
quickly.
In
1943,
a
Mexican
farmer
was
surprised
to
see
smoke
rising
from
a
small
part
of
his
land.
In
one
week
he
was
the
confused
owner
of
a
cone
five
hundred
feet
high.
Within
two
years
it
had
topped
out
at
almost
fourteen
hundred
feet
and
was
more
than
half
a
mile
across.
Altogether
there
are
some
ten
thousand
of
these
volcanoes
on
Earth,
all
but
a
few
hundred
of
them
extinct.
There
is,
however,
a
second
les
known
type
of
volcano
that
doesn't
involve
mountain
building.
These
are
volcanoes
so
explosive
that
they
burst
open
in
a
single
big
crack,
leaving
behind
a
vast
hole,
the
caldera.
Yellowstone
obviously
was
of
this
second
type,
but
Christiansen
couldn't
find
the
caldera
anywhere.
???
Just
at
this
time
NASA
decided
to
test
some
new
high-altitude
cameras
by
taking
photographs
of
Yellowstone.
A
thoughtful
official
passed
on
some
of
the
copies
to
the
park
authorities
on
the
assumption
that
they
might
make
a
nice
blow-up
for
one
of
the
visitors'
centers.
As
soon
as
Christiansen
saw
the
photos,
he
realized
why
he
had
failed
to
spot
the
caldera;
almost
the
whole
park-2.2
million
acres—was
caldera.
The
explosion
had
left
a
hole
more
than
forty
miles
across—much
too
huge
to
be
seen
from
anywhere
at
ground
level.
At
some
time
in
the
past
Yellowstone
must
have
blown
up
with
a
violence
far
beyond
the
scale
of
anything
known
to
humans.
（1）What
puzzled
Christiansen
when
he
was
studying
Yellowstone?
A.?Its
complicated
geographical
features.
B.?Its
ever-lasting
influence
on
tourism.
C.?The
mysterious
history
of
the
park.
D.?The
exact
location
of
the
volcano.
（2）What
does
the
second-paragraph
mainly
talk
about?
A.?The
shapes
of
volcanoes.
B.?The
impacts
of
volcanoes.
C.?The
activities
of
volcanoes.
D.?The
heights
of
volcanoes.
（3）What
does
the
underlined
word
"blow-up"
in
the
last
paragraph
most
probably
mean?
A.?Hot-airballoon.??B.?Digital
camera.?
C.?Big
photograph.??D.?Bird's
view.
【答案】
（1）D（2）A（3）C
【考点】词义猜测题，细节理解题，段落大意题，人物故事类，记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，二十世纪六十年代Bob
Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。
（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But
Christiansen
couldn't
find
the
Yellowstone
volcano
anywhere.”可知，他困惑的是到处看不到火山。故选D。
（2）段落大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Just
at
this
time
NASA
decided
to
test
some
new
high-altitude
cameras
by
taking
photographs
of
Yellowstone.
A
thoughtful
official
passed
on
some
of
the
copies
to
the
park
authorities
on
the
assumption
that
they
might
make
a
nice
blow-up
for
one
of
the
visitors'
centers.”可知，美国国家航空和宇宙航行局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。故可知，此处意为将照片放大。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
29.（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
???
Who
cares
if
people
think
wrongly
that
the
Internet
has
had
more
important
influences
than
the
washing
machine?
Why
does
it
matter
that
people
are
more
impressed
by
the
most
recent
changes?
???
It
would
not
matter
if
these
misjudgments
were
just
a
matter
of
people's
opinions.
However,
they
have
real
impacts,
as
they
result
in
misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.
???
The
fascination
with
the
ICT
(Information
and
Communication
Technology)
revolution,
represented
by
the
Internet,
has
made
some
rich
countries
wrongly
conclude
that
making
things
is
so
"yesterday"
that
they
should
try
to
live
on
ideas.
This
belief
in
"post-industrial
society"
has
led
those
countries
to
neglect
their
manufacturing
sector
(制造业)
with
negative
consequences
for
their
economies.
???
Even
more
worryingly,
the
fascination
with
the
Internet
by
people
in
rich
countries
has
moved
the
international
community
to
worry
about
the
"digital
divide"
between
the
rich
countries
and
the
poor
countries.
This
has
led
companies
and
individuals
to
donate
money
to
developing
countries
to
buy
computer
equipment
and
Internet
facilities.
The
question,
however,
is
whether
this
is
what
the
developing
countries
need
the
most.
Perhaps
giving
money
for
those
less
fashionable
things
such
as
digging
wells,
extending
electricity
networks
and
making
more
affordable
washing
machines
would
have
improved
people's
lives
more
than
giving
every
child
a
laptop
computer
or
setting
up
Internet
centres
in
rural
villages,
I
am
not
saying
that
those
things
are
necessarily
more
important,
but
many
donators
have
rushed
into
fancy
programmes
without
carefully
assessing
the
relative
long-term
costs
and
benefits
of
alternative
uses
of
their
money.
???
In
yet
another
example,
a
fascination
with
the
new
has
led
people
to
believe
that
the
recent
changes
in
the
technologies
of
communications
and
transportation
are
so
revolutionary
that
now
we
live
in
a
"borderless
world".
As
a
result,
in
the
last
twenty
years
or
so,
many
people
have
come
to
believe
that
whatever
change
is
happening
today
is
the
result
of
great
technological
progress,
going
against
which
will
be
like
trying
to
turn
the
clock
back.
Believing
in
such
a
world,
many
governments
have
put
an
end
to
some
of
the
very
necessary
regulations
on
cross-border
flows
of
capital,
labour
and
goods,
with
poor
results.
???
Understanding
technological
trends
is
very
important
for
correctly
designing
economic
policies,
both
at
the
national
and
the
international
levels,
and
for
making
the
right
career
choices
at
the
individual
level.
However,
our
fascination
with
the
latest,
and
our
under
valuation
of
what
has
already
become
common,
can,
and
has,
led
us
in
all
sorts
of
wrong
directions.
（1）Misjudgments
on
the
influences
of
new
technology
can
lead
to
________.
A.?a
lack
of
confidence
in
technology
B.?a
slow
progress
in
technology
C.?a
conflict
of
public
opinions
D.?a
waste
of
limited
resources
（2）The
example
in
Paragraph
4
suggests
that
donators
should
________.
A.?take
people's
essential
needs
into
account
B.?make
their
programmes
attractive
to
people
C.?ensure
that
each
child
gets
financial
support
D.?provide
more
affordable
internet
facilities
（3）What
has
led
many
governments
to
remove
necessary
regulations?
A.?Neglecting
the
impacts
of
technological
advances.
B.?Believing
that
the
world
has
become
borderless.
C.?Ignoring
the
power
of
economic
development.
D.?Over-emphasizing
the
role
of
international
communication.
（4）What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage?
A.?People
should
be
encouraged
to
make
more
donations.
B.?Traditional
technology
still
has
a
place
nowadays.
C.?Making
right
career
choices
is
crucial
to
personal
success.
D.?Economic
policies
should
follow
technological
trends.
【答案】
（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）B
【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，社会现象类，议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家，对个人，对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,
they
have
reak
impacts,
as
they
result
in
misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.
”可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Perhaps
giving
money
for
those
less
fashionable
things
such
as
digging
wells,
extending
electricity
networks
and
making
more
affordable
washing
machines
would
have
improved
people's
lives
more
than
giving
every
child
a
laptop
computer
or
setting
up
Internet
centres
in
rural
villages,
I
am
not
saying
that
those
things
are
necessarily
more
important,
but
many
donators
have
rushed
into
fancy
programmes
without
carefully
assessing
the
relative
long-term
costs
and
benefits
of
alternative
uses
of
their
money.”可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段“In
yet
another
example,
a
fascination
with
the
new
has
led
people
to
believe
that
the
recent
changes
in
the
technologies
of
communications
and
transportation
are
so
revolutionary
that
now
we
live
in
a
"borderless
world".
以及Believing
in
such
a
world,
many
governments
have
put
an
end
to
some
of
the
very
necessary
regulations
on
cross-border
flows
of
capital,
labour
and
goods,
with
poor
results.”可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界。正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段“The
fascination
with
the
ICT(Information
and
Communication
Technology)
revolution,
represented
by
the
Internet,
has
made
some
rich
countries
wrongly
conclude
that
making
things
is
so
"yesterday"
that
they
should
try
to
live
on
ideas.
This
belief
in
"post-industrial
society"
has
led
those
countries
to
neglect
their
manufacturing
sector(制造业)
with
negative
consequences
for
their
economies.”可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故可知，传统的技术依然有它的地位，不能被新兴的信息技术取代，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
30.（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
???
The
65-year-old
Steve
Goodwin
was
found
suffering
from
early
Alzheimer's
(阿尔楚海默症).
He
was
losing
his
memory.
???
A
software
engineer
by
profession,
Steve
was
a
keen
lover
of
the
piano,
and
the
only
musician
in
his
family.
Music
was
his
true
passion,
though
he
had
never
performed
outside
the
family.
???
Melissa,
his
daughter,
felt
it
more
than
worthwhile
to
save
his
music,
to
which
she
fell
asleep
catch
night
when
she
was
young.
She
thought
about
hiring
a
professional
pianist
to
work
with
her
father.
???
Naomi,
Melissa's
best
friend
and
a
talented
pianist,
got
to
know
about
this
and
showed
willingness
to
help.
???
"Why
do
this?"
Steve
wondered.
???
"Because
she
cares."
Melissa
said.
???
Steve
nodded,
tears
in
eye.
???
Naomi
drove
to
the
Goodwin
home.
She
told
Steve
she'd
love
to
hear
him
play.
Steve
moved
to
the
piano
and
sat
at
the
bench,
hands
trembling
as
he
gently
placed
his
fingers
on
the
keys.
???
Naomi
put
a
small
recorder
near
the
piano,
Starts
and
stops
and
mistakes.
Long
pauses,
heart
sinking.
But
Steve
pressed
on,
playing
for
the
first
time
in
his
life
for
a
stranger.
???
"It
was
beautiful."
Naomi
said
after
listening
to
the
recording.
"The
music
was
worth
saving."
???
Her
responsibility,
her
privilege,
would
be
to
rescue
it.
The
music
was
sill
in
Steve
Goodwin.
It
was
bidden
in
rooms
with
doors
about
to
be
locked.
???
Naomi
and
Steve
met
every
other
week
and
spent
hours
together.
He'd
move
his
fingers
clumsily
on
the
piano,
and
then
she'd
take
his
place.
He
struggled
to
explain
what
he
heard
in
his
head.
He
stood
by
the
piano,
eyes
closed,
listening
for
the
first
time
to
his
own
work
being
played
by
someone
else.
???
Steve
and
Naomi
spoke
in
musical
code
lines,
beats,
intervals,
moving
from
the
root
to
end
a
song
in
a
new
key.
Steve
heard
it.
All
of
it.
He
just
couldn't
play
it.
???
Working
with
Naomi
did
wonders
for
Steve.
It
had
excited
within
him
the
belief
he
could
write
one
last
song.
One
day,
Naomi
received
an
email.
Attached
was
a
recording,
a
recording
of
loss
and
love,
of
the
fight.
Steve
called
it
"Melancholy
Flower".
???
Naomi
heard
multiple
stops
and
starts,
Steve
struggling,
searching
while
his
wife
Joni
called
him
"honey"
and
encouraged
him.
The
task
was
so
hard,
and
Steve,
angry
and
upset,
said
he
was
quitting.
Joni
praised
him,
telling
her
husband
this
could
be
his
signature
piece.
???
Naomi
managed
to
figure
out
16
of
Steve's
favorite,
and
most
personal
songs.
With
Naomi's
help,
the
Goodwin
family
found
a
sound
engineer
to
record
Naomi
playing
Steve's
songs.
Joni
thought
that
would
be
the
end.
But
it
wasn't.
???
In
the
months
leading
up
to
the
2016
Oregon
Repertory
Singers
Christmas
concert,
Naomi
told
the
director
she
had
a
special
one
in
mind:
"Melancholy
Flower"
???
She
told
the
director
about
her
project
with
Steve.
The
director
agreed
to
add
it
to
the
playing
list.
But
Naomi
would
have
to
ask
Steve's
permission.
He
considered
it
an
honor.
???
After
the
concert,
Naomi
told
the
family
that
Steve's
music
was
beautiful
and
professional.
It
needed
to
be
shared
in
public.
???
The
family
rented
a
former
church
in
downtown
Portland
and
scheduled
a
concert.
By
the
day
of
the
show,
more
than
300
people
had
said
they
would
attend.
???
By
then,
Steve
was
having
a
hard
time
remembering
the
names
of
some
of
his
friends.
He
knew
the
path
his
life
was
now
taking.
He
told
his
family
he
was
at
peace.
???
Steve
arrived
and
sat
in
the
front
row,
surrounded
by
his
family.
The
house
lights
faded.
Naomi
took
the
stage.
Her
fingers.
His
heart.
（1）Why
did
Melissa
want
to
save
her
father's
music?
A.?His
music
could
stop
his
disease
from
worsening.
B.?She
wanted
to
please
her
dying
old
father.
C.?His
music
deserved
to
be
preserved
in
the
family.
D.?She
wanted
to
make
her
father
a
professional.
（2）After
hearing
Steve's
playing,
Naomi
________.
A.?refused
to
make
a
comment
on
it
B.?was
deeply
impressed
by
his
music
C.?decided
to
free
Steve
from
suffering
D.?regretted
offering
help
to
her
friend
（3）How
can
the
process
of
Steve's
recording
be
described?
A.?It
was
slow
but
productive.
B.?It
was
beneficial
to
his
health.
C.?It
was
tiresome
for
Naomi.
D.?It
was
vital
for
Naomi's
career.
（4）Before
Steve
finished
"Melancholy
Flower,"
his
wife
Joni
________.
A.?thought
the
music
talent
of
Steve
was
exhausted
B.?didn't
expect
the
damage
the
disease
brought
about
C.?didn't
fully
realize
the
value
of
her
husband's
music
D.?brought
her
husband's
music
career
to
perfection
（5）How
did
Steve
feel
at
the
concert
held
in
downtown
Portland?
A.?He
felt
concerned
about
his
illness.
B.?He
sensed
a
responsibility
for
music.
C.?He
regained
his
faith
in
music.
D.?He
got
into
a
state
of
quiet.
（6）What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
passage?
A.?The
Kindness
of
Friends
B.?The
Power
of
Music
C.?The
Making
of
a
Musician
D.?The
Value
of
Determination
【答案】
（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）D（6）B
【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，人物故事类，记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的老人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Steve的专业软件工程，还是一个钢琴的热爱者，是家里唯一的音乐家，音乐是他真正热爱的东西，尽管没有在家以外的地方弹奏过钢琴。根据第三段中的“Melissa,
his
daughter
,felt
it
more
than
worthwhile
to
save
his
music.”可知他的女儿Melissa觉得保存他的音乐很有价值，故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第十段中的“‘it
was
beautiful,’
Naomi
said
after
listening
to
the
recording.
‘
the
music
was
worth
saving.’”可知，听了录音之后Naomi说很美，值得保存，故可以得出Naomi对Steve的音乐印象深刻，故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第十二段中的“He'd
move
his
fingers
clumsily
on
the
piano,
and
then
she'd
take
his
place.
He
struggled
to
explain
what
he
heard
in
his
head.”以及第十三段中的“Steve
and
Naomi
spoke
in
musical
code:
lines,
beats,
intervals,
moving
from
the
root
to
end
a
song
in
a
new
key.
Steve
heard
it.
All
of
it,
he
just
couldn't
play
it.”可知，Steve会笨拙地把手指放在钢琴上，然后Naomi把手指放在他放的地方，并且Steve努力解释脑海里的内容，所有的这些，都是Naomi在弹奏，而Steve在听，故可知这个录制过程很慢。根据第十六段“Naomi
managed
to
figure
out
16
of
Steve's
favorite,
and
most
personal
songs.”可知作品很多。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据第十六段中的“Joni
thought
that
would
be
the
end.
But
it
wasn't.
”以及下文Steve取得的成就可知在完成Melancholy
Flower之前，他的妻子还没完全意识到丈夫的音乐的真正价值，故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“He
knew
the
path
his
life
was
now
taking.
He
told
his
family
he
was
at
peace.”可知，他知道自己一生要选择的路，告诉家人他很平静，故可知，家乡的音乐会让他重新坚定了对音乐的信念，故选D。
（6）主旨大意题。本文主要讲述一个钢琴师帮助一个患老年痴呆症的人录制音乐的故事，其录制过程比较艰苦，但是录制的音乐很成功，也让老人对音乐充满了信心。B项“音乐的力量”概括了全文内容，是最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
六、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
31.（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
The
Cost
of
Thinking
???
Despite
their
many
differences,
all
human
beings
share
several
defining
characteristics,
such
as
large
brains
and
the
ability
to
walk
upright
on
two
legs.
???
The
first
unique
human
characteristic
is
that
humans
have
extraordinarily
large
brains
compared
with
other
animals.
It
seems
obvious
that
evolution
should
select
for
larger
brains.
Mammals
(哺乳动物)
weighing
sixty
kilograms
have
an
average
brain
size
of
200
cm2.
Modern
man
has
a
brain
averaging
1200-1400
cm2.
We
are
so
fond
of
our
high
intelligence
that
we
assume
that
when
it
comes
to
brain
power,
more
must
be
better.
Unfortunately,
that
is
not
the
case.
???
The
fact
is
that
a
huge
brain
is
a
huge
drain—consumption
of
energy—on
the
body.
I's
not
easy
to
carry
around,
especially
when
boxed
inside
a
massive
skull
(倾骨).
It's
even
harder
to
provides
energy.
In
modern
man,
the
brain
accounts
for
about
2-3%of
total
body
weight
but
it
consumes
25%
of
the
body's
energy
when
the
body
is
at
rest.
By
comparison,
the
brains
of
apes
(类人猿)
require
only
8%of
rest-time
energy.
Early
humans
pad
for
their
large
brains
in
two
ways.
Firstly,
they
spent
more
time
in
search
food.
Secondly,
their
muscles
grew
smaller
and
weaker.
It's
hardly
an
obvious
conclusion
that
this
is
a
good
way
to
survive.
A
chimpanzee
(黑猩猩)
can't
win
an
argument
with
a
modern
man,
but
it
can
tear
the
man
apart
like
a
rag
doll.
???
Another
unique
human
characteristic
is
that
we
walk
upright.
Standing
up,
it's
easier
to
find
food
or
enemies.
In
addition,
their
arms
that
are
unnecessary
for
moving
around
are
freed
for
other
purposes,
like
throwing
stones
or
signaling.
As
a
result,
humans
can
perform
very
complex
tasks
with
their
hands.
???
Yet
walking
upright
has
its
disadvantage.
The
bone
structure
of
our
ancestors
developed
for
millions
of
years
to
support
a
creature
that
walked
on
all
fours
and
has
a
relatively
small
head.
Adjusting
to
an
upright
position
was
quite
a
challenge,
especially
when
the
bones
had
to
support
an
extra-large
skull.
Humankind
paid
for
its
broad
vision
and
skillful
hands
backaches
and
painful
necks.
???
We
assume
that
a
large
brain
makes
huge
advantages.
It
seems
obvious
that
these
have
made
humankind
the
most
powerful
animal
on
earth.
But
humans
enjoyed
all
of
these
advantages
for
a
full
2
million
years
during
which
they
remained
weak
and
marginal
creature.
Thus
humans
who
lived
a
million
years
ago,
despite
their
big
brains
and
sharp
stone
tools,
lived
in
constant
fear
of
meat-eating
animals.
The
Cost
of
Thinking
Introduction
?Large
brains
for
their
bodies
and
the
ability
to
walk
upright
are
two
________
of
human
beings.
The
________
of
large
human
brains
?The
larger
brains
may
not
be
better
because
of
the
cost.?The
big
brains
make
it
harder
for
the
body
to
move
around
and
consume
more
energy.?The
animal
brain
requires
less
________when
the
body
is
at
rest.?Large
human
brains
consume
more
food,
and
weaken
muscles.
The
________
of
walking
upright
?Walking
upright
makes
it
easy
to
find
food
or
________against
enemies.?Freed
hands
can
serve
some
________
purpose
and
perform
complex
tasks.
?Walking
upright
challenges
the
human
bone
structure,
and
________
the
size
of
brains.?Walking
upright
results
in
________
sufferings.
Conclusion
?
With
a
large
brain,
human
beings
________
other
beings
in
terms
of
intelligence.?
Weak
and
marginal,
human
beings
remained
________
of
meat-eating
animals.
【答案】
characteristics；disadvantages；energy；impact(s)；guard；other；limits；physical；beat；fearful/afraid
【考点】任务型阅读
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。
（1）信息归纳题。根据第一段“all
human
beings
share
defining
characteristics
,such
as
large
brains
and
the
ability
to
walk
upright
on
two
legs.”可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。故填characteristics。
（2）信息归纳题。此题就是对第三段内容的总结。第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。因此本空格填写disadvantages。
（3）信息来源题。根据第三段中的“a
huge
brain
is
a
huge
drain--consumption
of
energy
”以及“It
(the
brain)
consumes
25%
of
the
body's
energy
when
the
body
is
at
rest.By
comparison
the
brains
of
apes
require
only
8%
of
rest-
time
energy”可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。
当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。故填energy。
（4）信息归纳题。分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。故填impact(s)。
（5）信息转换题。根据第五段的第一句“Another
unique
human
characteristic
is
that
we
walk
upright.
Standing
up,
it's
easier
to
find
food
or
enemies.”可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guard
against...”为固定搭配，意为“防御......”，故填guard。
（6）信息来源题。根据第五段中的”...their
arms
that
are
unnecessary
for
moving?
around
are
freed
for
other
purposes
,like
throwing
stones
or
signaling.
As
a
result,
humans
can
perform
very
complex
tasks
with
their
hands.
”可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other。
（7）信息归纳题。根据第五段“walking
upright
has
disadvantages.
The
bone
structure
of
our
ancestors
developed
for
millions
of
years
to
support
a
creature
that
walked
on
four
and
a
relative
small
head.
Adjusting
to
an
upright
position
was
quite
a
challenge
,
especially
when
the
bones
had
to
support
an
extra
-large
skull.”
可知，直立行走也有缺点。我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骨骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填limits。
（8）信息转换题。根据第六段“...,
Humankind
paid
for
its
vision
and
skillful
hands
with
backaches
and
painful
necks.”
可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。
（9）信息归纳题。根据最后一段“We
assume
that
a
large
brain
makes
huge
advantages.
It
seems
obvious
that
these
have
made
humankind
the
most
powerful
animal?
on
earth.”可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。故填beat。
（10）信息归纳题。根据最后一段“...humans
enjoyed
all
of
these
advantages
for
a
full
2
million
years
during
which
they
weak
and
marginal
creatures.
Thus
humans
who
lived
a
million
years
ago,
despite
their
big
brains
and
sharp
stone
tools,
lived
in
constant
fear
of
meat--eating
animals.”可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。
【点评】本题考点涉及信息归纳，信息转换题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。
七、书面表达（满分25分）
32.（2019?江苏）请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li
Jiang:
Have
you
heard
this?
A
group
of
exchange
students
from
the
UK
are
visiting
our
school
next
month.
Su
Hua:
Yes,
I
have.
Some
are
already
recommending
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
for
the
welcome
ceremony.
Li
Jiang:
But
it
seems
people
have
different
opinions.
Su
Hua:
What
do
you
think?
Li
Jiang:
I
think
it's
a
good
idea.
It's
an
opportunity
to
make
the
Chinese
culture
better
known
to
international
students.
Su
Hua:
I
agree.
But
we
don't
have
to
dress
that
way.
That's
not
our
daily
style.
Besides,
it's
not
very
convenient.
Li
Jiang:
You
see.
It's
the
Chinese
culture
that
the
British
friends
are
coming
for.
Just
the
right
occasion.
Su
Hua:
I
prefer
the
school
uniform.
It's
nice.
It's
also
a
better
display
of
our
school
culture.
【写作内容】①用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；②在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装?请说明理由（不少于两点）。
【写作要求】①写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；②作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；③不必写标题。
【答案】
Li
Jiang
and
Su
Hua
don't
agree
on
what
to
wear
when
greeting
the
British
students.
Li
suggests
traditional
Chinese
clothes
while
Su
thinks
the
school
uniforms
are
more
suitable.
???
I
prefer
the
school
uniform
to
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
at
the
welcome
ceremony
next
month.
Although
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
may
look
more
beautiful
and
stylish,
it
is
a
little
bit
strange
to
walk
around
in
it.
We
feel
at
ease
in
our
school
uniforms
every
day.
What's
more,
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
can't
reflect
the
unique
culture
of
our
school.
From
the
design
and
colour
of
our
uniforms,
the
British
friends
will
learn
more
about
our
school.
Besides,
the
choice
of
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
means
extra
money,
and
extra
time,
for
we
have
to
change
it
back
after
the
event.
???
So
the
school
uniforms
are
a
better
choice
than
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
for
such
an
occasion.
【考点】半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇读写作文，即先用30词概括阅读材料，然后针对材料中的话题写一篇议论文谈看法。首先要认真阅读有关中国传统服饰的对话，进行分析和归纳，表明态度，作出价值判断。然后写你对穿中国传统服装的看法，表明观点，注意用2-3个论据来支撑自己的看法。首先在概括要点时，要抓住要点，语言精炼。本文所给材料是描述某种现象，那么就必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。第二步是提出自己的观点并加以论证。首先提出自己的观点，之后用论据来证明自己的观点，结尾要总结要点，与自己的观点句相呼应，使读者对主题有深刻的印象。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Li
Jiang
and
Su
Hua
don't
agree
on
what
to
wear
when
greeting
the
British
students.运用了“连接词+不定式”作宾语；
Li
suggests
traditional
Chinese
clothes
while
Su
thinks
the
school
uniforms
are
more
suitable.运用了对比并列句和宾语从句；?
Although
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
may
look
more
beautiful
and
stylish,
it
is
a
little
bit
strange
to
walk
around
in
it.运用了让步状语从句；
Besides,
the
choice
of
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
means
extra
money,
and
extra
time,
for
we
have
to
change
it
back
after
the
event.运用了因果并列句。
?
试卷分析部分
1.
试卷总体分布分析
总分：120分
分值分布
客观题（占比）
20（16.7%）
主观题（占比）
100（83.3%）
题量分布
客观题（占比）
20（62.5%）
主观题（占比）
12（37.5%）
2.
试卷题量分布分析
大题题型
题目量（占比）
分值（占比）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
5（15.6%）
5（4.2%）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
5（15.6%）
15（12.5%）
单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
15（46.9%）
15（12.5%）
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
1（3.1%）
20（16.7%）
阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
4（12.5%）
30（25.0%）
任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
1（3.1%）
10（8.3%）
书面表达（满分25分）
1（3.1%）
25（20.8%）
3.
试卷难度结构分析
序号
难易度
占比
1
容易
28.1%
2
普通
43.8%
3
困难
28.1%
4.
试卷知识点分析
序号
知识点（认知水平）
分值（占比）
对应题号
1
短对话
5（2.0%）
1,2,3,4,5
2
长对话
12（4.9%）
6,7,8,9
3
独白
3（1.2%）
10
4
关系副词引导定语从句的用法
1（0.4%）
11
5
现在完成时
1（0.4%）
12
6
条件状语从句
1（0.4%）
13
7
动词短语的辨析
1（0.4%）
14
8
同位语从句
1（0.4%）
15
9
名词辨析
1（0.4%）
16
10
介词和介词短语
1（0.4%）
17
11
形容词的词义辨析
1（0.4%）
18
12
一般过去时
1（0.4%）
19
13
动词不定式
1（0.4%）
20
14
虚拟语气与真实语气的混合使用
1（0.4%）
21
15
动词现在分词
1（0.4%）
22
16
分词
1（0.4%）
22
17
将来完成时
1（0.4%）
23
18
动词的语态
1（0.4%）
23
19
动词的词义辨析
1（0.4%）
24
20
情景交际及习惯表达
1（0.4%）
25
21
夹叙夹议
20（8.1%）
26
22
科普环保类
20（8.1%）
26
23
细节理解题
30（12.2%）
27,28,29,30
24
时文广告类
4（1.6%）
27
25
说明文
4（1.6%）
27
26
段落大意题
6（2.4%）
28
27
词义猜测题
6（2.4%）
28
28
人物故事类
18（7.3%）
28,30
29
记叙文
18（7.3%）
28,30
30
推理判断题
20（8.1%）
29,30
31
议论文
8（3.3%）
29
32
社会现象类
8（3.3%）
29
33
主旨大意题
12（4.9%）
30
34
任务型阅读
10（4.1%）
31
35
半开放性作文
25（10.2%）
32
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