Module 12 Save our world 教材全解课件+练习课件（167张PPT）

课件167张PPT。Module 12　Save our world知识点一????everyone的用法
教材原文????If everyone starts to do some-thing, the world will be saved.如果每个人都开始做一些事,世界将被挽救。
　　everyone等于everybody,意思是“每人”,不指具体哪个人,而是强调整体。作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:
Everyone is trying to get wealth quickly nowadays.
现在每个人都想要尽快发财致富。易混辨析????
everyone与every one的区别和用法
①everyone只能用来指人,其意思相当于 everybody。如:
Everyone in our class is interested in learning English.
我们班上所有人都对学英语感兴趣。(everyone作主语)
Not everyone in the USA is rich.
在美国并不是人人都富裕。(everyone作主语)
She gave everyone a piece of paper and asked them to write down their names.她给每个人一张纸并让他们写下自己的名字。(everyone作宾语)
②everyone是一个词,它后面不能跟介词of;every one是两个词,既可用来指人,也可用来指物,相当于each one,后面可跟介词of。如:
[误]Everyone of the children likes this game.
[正]Every one of the children likes this game.
每个孩子都喜欢这个游戏。例1????Water is important to 　　????, so there are many water festivals around the world.
A.everyone　B.nobody　C.somebody　D.something
解析????本题考查不定代词辨析。句意:水对每个人都是重要的,因此全世界有许多关于水的节日。everyone每个人;nobody没有人;somebody某人;something某事。根据句意可知选A。
答案????A知识点二????It's no use doing sth.的用法
教材原文????It's no use talking about things we can't do.谈论我们不能做
的事情是没有用的。
本句中It's no use doing sth.意为“做某事没有用处”,句型中it只是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。如:
It's no use arguing with him.
和他争辩也是白搭。
It's no use reciting a text without understanding it.
背诵课文而不理解它是没有用的。归纳拓展????
it is后可接no use、no good、fun、a waste of time、useless、nice、good、interesting 等词。如:
It is no good hoping for others' help.
期待别人的帮助是没有好处的。
It is a waste of time to read such a magazine.
看这种杂志真是浪费时间。
It is no use crying.
哭是没有用的。
It is great fun taking a boat.
乘船很有趣。例2　根据汉语完成句子,每空一词
跟他说是没有用的,他从来不听。
It is　　???? 　　???? 　　????to him;he never listens.
答案　no use talking
知识点三????have got to的用法
教材原文????We've got to think of things we can do!我们必须想想我们能做的事!
句中have got to 的意思和have to是一样的。have got to后一般接动词原形,跟have to用法一样。如:
I have got to see some of the shows at Fashion Week this year.我得去看看今年时装周的表演。
You have to rewrite the article.
你得重写这篇文章。易混辨析????
must和have(got)to的用法
①must表示一种主观的必要性,而have to表示一种客观的必要性,意思是“不得不;必须”。如:
In England traffic must keep to the left.
在英格兰,车辆必须靠左行驶。
We have to change for Paris at this station.
我们必须在这个车站换车去巴黎。
②have(got)to的否定形式是don't have(got)to,相当于needn't。如:
There's plenty of time;we don't have to rush.
时间还多着呢,我们不用急。例3????(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考)—　　???? I finish my work now?
—No, you 　　????. You can do it later.
A.May;needn't　　B.Must;don't have to
C.Can;couldn't
解析????考查情态动词的用法。句意:——我必须现在完成工作吗?——不,你不必。你可以稍后再做。may可以;needn't没必要;must必须;don't have to不必,没必要;can能;couldn't不可以。由句意可知选B。
答案????B知识点四????such as的用法
教材原文????Such as...?比如说……?
such as意为“例如;诸如”,相当于like或for example。如:
In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as “boy”, “girl”, and “book”.这一段里面有很多名词,例如男孩、女孩和书。易混辨析????
for example、such as和like
for example、such as和like都可用来举例,但用法有所不同。
(1)for example作“例如”讲时,一般只以同类事物或人当中的“一个”为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末。如:
For example,London is the capital of Britain.
例如,伦敦是英国的首都。
Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution as well.
例如噪声,它也是一种污染。
(2)such as用来列举整体之中的部分同类人或事物。such as之前一般用逗号隔开;such as之后可以直接加名词(短语)。如:Some of the European languages come from Latin,such as French,Italian and Spanish. 有些欧洲语言源于拉丁语,例如法语、意大利语和西班牙语。
(3)like也常用来表示列举,可与such as互换。如:
Some cities, like Dalian, Kunming, are very clean and beautiful.有些城市非常干净,也非常美丽,比如大连和昆明。
Cartoon characters such as Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular.米老鼠和史努比等卡通人物仍然流行。例4　根据汉语完成句子,每空一词
我们有不同的馅饼,例如苹果馅饼、樱桃馅饼和草莓馅饼。
We have different pies,　　???? 　　???? apple, cherry, and strawberry pies. 答案????such as易错点????由some、any、no、every组成的复合不定代词或副词的辨析　　这些复合不定代词有表示事物与表示人之分。表示事物的有something、anything、nothing、everything;表示人的有somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody等。
一般来说,something、somebody、everything、everybody、someone、everyone主要用于肯定句或预料会得到肯定回答的问句中;anything、anybody、anyone主要用于否定句和疑问句中,也可用于肯定句,表示“任何……”之意;nothing、nobody和nowhere本身具有否定意义。
此外,如果everything、everybody用于否定句中,则表示部分否定。要特别注意形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything等复合不定代词时,形容词一般放在它们后面。例5????(2018江苏徐州中考)　　???? lives together with Mrs Black. She lives alone.
A.Somebody　　B.Anybody
C.Nobody　　D.Everybody
解析????考查不定代词的用法。根据后句:She lives alone.她独自居住。推断上句是没有人和布莱克夫人住在一起。somebody 某人;anybody任何人;nobody没有人;everybody每个人。故选C。
答案????C
例6????(2018贵州铜仁中考)—Why do you come here?
—Because I have 　　???? to tell you.
A.anything important　　B.important anything
C.something important　　D.important something
解析????考查不定代词的用法。句意:——你为什么来这里?——因为我有重要的事情要告诉你。肯定句用something,形容词修饰复合不定代词时要放在其后,故选C。
答案????C
知识点五????as...as possible的用法
教材原文????Use things for as long as possible.尽可能长时间地使用某物。
as...as possible意为“尽量……”。也可以说成as...as one can。可根据需要,在两个as之间使用不同的形容词或副词。如:
They got the work done as quickly as possible.
他们尽可能快地把工作做完了。
We will check up as soon as possible and let him know the result.我们将尽快进行调查,并把结果通知他。例1　将下面句子改为同义句,每空一词
My parents always tell me to help others as much as I can.
My parents always tell me to help others as　　???? 　　???? 　　????.
答案　much as possible
知识点六????代词one的用法
教材原文????Do not throw them away and buy new ones.不要扔掉它们然后买新的。
(1)one可以代替前面提到过的同一类人或事物,其复数形式为ones。如:
I haven't got a pen. I'll have to buy one.
我没有钢笔,我必须买一支。
I have a new storybook and several old ones.
我有一本新的故事书和几本旧的故事书。
(2)当one不带任何前置修饰语,而是单独使用时,其意义通常是泛指的。如:
I have no camera. I want to buy one.
我没有照相机,我想买一台。(3)不定冠词a或an不可直接和one连用,但a或an后面有形容词时,可以和one连用。如:
Do you have any knives? I need a sharp one.
你有刀吗?我需要一把锋利的刀。
(4)当one(s)代替特指名词时,它前面总有定冠词或其他限定词。如:
The film is not so good as the one we saw last week.
这部电影不如我们上星期看过的那部电影好。
(5)one只能代替可数名词,如果所代替的是特指的不可数名词,那就不能用the one,而应该用that。如:
The study of English is as important as that(=the study)of Chinese.英语学习与汉语学习一样重要。例2????(2018江苏泰州中考) —More and more people give out “red pack-ets” on WeChat to celebrate festivals.
—That's true. I have just received 　　???? from my friend.
A.it　　B.that　　C.one　　D.them
解析????考查代词的用法。句意:——越来越多的人用微信发红包庆祝节日。——是的,我刚刚就收到了我朋友的一个红包。it指前面提到过的那个事物;that那个;one表示同类中的一个;them它们。由句意可知,收到的是红包这类东西中的一个,故选C。
答案????C
派生法
本模块主要学习在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成新单词的派生法。
词根是基础,同一个词根加上不同的派生词缀可以组成不同意义或不同性质的词。我们已经学过的常见的词缀有:
(1)常见后缀
①-ful加在名词后构成形容词,表示“有……性质的”:
help+ful→helpful有帮助的
hope+ful→hopeful有希望的②-less加在名词后构成形容词,表示“无……的”:
hope+less→hopeless没有希望的
home+less→homeless无家可归的
③-able加在动词后,构成形容词,表示“能……的”:
enjoy+able→enjoyable令人愉快的
reuse+able→reusable可再次使用的
(2)常见前缀
①re-含有“再;重复”之意:
re+use→reuse重复使用
re+cycle→recycle再利用
②un-含有“不;未;非;反”之意,表示否定,可构成词根(形容词、副词、名词和动词)的反义词:
un+usual→unusual不寻常的
un+happy→unhappy不高兴的
③dis-含有“不;无;非;相反;相对”之意,表示否定,构成词根(形容词、副词、名词和动词)的反义词:
dis+like→dislike不喜欢
dis+advantage→disadvantage不利条件例1　用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
(2018黑龙江龙东地区中考)—Did you hear anything 　　???? (usual) in the next door?
—No, I was chatting online with friends.
解析????句意:——你听到隔壁有什么不寻常的(声音)吗?——没有,我当时正在网上跟朋友聊天。usual通常的,其反义词在前面加un-,意为“不寻常的”。
答案????unusual
例2　用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
(2018贵州贵阳中考)Mark is very 　　???? (help). He often fixes up people's
broken bikes for free.
解析????句意:马克非常乐于助人,他经常免费帮助人们修理坏了的自行车。本题中,be动词后跟形容词作表语,help的形容词形式在其后加-ful,表示“乐于助人的”。
答案????helpful
例3　用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
(2018广西北部湾经济区中考) He is too weak. It's 　　???? (possible) for him to move the heavy box.
解析????根据He is too weak.(他太虚弱了)可判断对于他而言要搬动这个重箱子是不可能的。possible“可能的”加前缀im-表示“不可能的”。
答案????impossible
例4　用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
(2018上海中考) As we all know, a 　　???? driver is always a danger to the public.(care)
解析????由句中“is always a danger to the public”可知,这是一个“粗心的司机”,要用careless。
答案????careless
素养呈现　 本模块的话题是环境保护,涉及的核心素养是培养学生的环境保护意识。环境保护意识是每一个公民都必须具备的基本素质,是人们言与行高度和谐的统一,是在我们生活、工作和学习的点点滴滴中自然而然地形成的习惯。
素养解读　随着环境问题的日益严重,环境危机的加剧,人类的环境安全受到了前所未有的威胁。重新审视“人与自然的关系”已经成为当前人类必须认真对待的最根本的问题。解决环境问题不单单是依靠环保技术的创新与资金的投入,还应该提升民众的环境保护意识,应注重以下三点:
1.提升民众环境保护意识和促进全民参与环保,这将是推动环境保护工作的根本动力。
2.只有增强民众的环境保护意识,才能够真正实现人与自然的和谐共处。
3.民众环境保护意识和水平是衡量一个国家或地区社会道德水平和现代文明程度的重要标志。典例剖析????
例5????(2017云南昆明中考)
Many people are trying to save the earth with special days like “Meatout Day”, “Earth Day” and “Buy Nothing Day”.
Meatout Day
“Meatout Day” is on March 20th.　1????Join this day, and you'll get healthier. Also, you can reduce greenhouse gases(减少温室气体) and save the earth.
Earth Day
　2????Many people all over the world try to do something green on this day. In Italy, people don't use plastic bags. In Canada and Norway, people ride bicycles and don't use their cars. In the USA, people dress up like plants and animals and dance in Times Square, New York.Buy Nothing Day
“Buy Nothing Day” is usually on the fourth Friday in November. 　3???? “Buy nothing” means “make no rubbish”. 　4????
Do you want to join them?　5????
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A.This is Children's Day.
B.When you make less rubbish, you can make a cleaner earth.
C.Many people around the world don't eat any meat for one day.
D.Then you can remember these special days and do something green.E.We have a national holiday.
F.“Earth Day” is on April 22nd.
G.On this day, many people don't buy anything.
???? 2.　　???? 3.　　???? 4.　　???? 5.　　????答案????
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了三个关于保护地球环境的特殊活动日。
1.C　空前有Meatout Day,选项C“Many people around the world don't eat any meat for one day.”中含有meat,故正确答案为选项C。
2.F　设空段落的大标题是“Earth Day”,故正确答案为F。
3.G　设空段落的大标题是“Buy Nothing Day”,故正确答案为G。
4.B　根据空前的“make no rubbish”可知正确答案为B。
5.D　空前提到了三个关于保护地球环境的特殊日子,选项D的内容是号召大家记住这些特殊的日子并为之做些事情。故正确答案为D。素养要求　通过本文阅读,使学生认识到环境保护要靠大家,只有人人都养成保护环境的良好习惯,才能保护好我们赖以生存的地球。
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出单词
1.I'm sorry, smoking will 　　????(污染) air in a taxi.
2.It's only a 　　????(浪费) of time to speak to her.
3.Things are so difficult that it seems 　　????(无望的).
4.They have to be sent to a special 　　????(回收利用) centre.
5.The strike has already spread to other 　　????(工厂).
答案　1.pollute　2.waste　3.hopeless　4.recycling
5.factoriesⅡ.单项选择
1.—It snowed heavily last night. Is 　　???? in our class here today?
—Yes, and none of us was late for school this morning.
A.anybody　　B.nobody　　C.everyone　　D.none
答案????C　考查不定代词的用法辨析。 句意:——昨天晚上雪下得很大,我们班每个人都来了吗?——都来了,今天早晨我们没有人上学迟到。anybody任何人;nobody没有人;everyone每个人;none没有任何人,没有任何事物。由句意可知选C。2.(2018甘肃天水中考) Can you do the work well with 　　???? time and ????　???? people?
A.less;few　　B.few;little
C.less;fewer　　D.fewer;less
答案????C　考查形容词比较级。句意:你能用更少的时间和更少的人把这项工作做好吗?less为little的比较级,意为“更少的”,修饰不可数名词;fewer是few的比较级,意为“更少的”,修饰可数名词复数。time(时间)是不可数名词,要用little或less修饰,先排除B、D两项;and前后是并列对等的关系。故选C。3.—Mom, must I take out the trash now?
—No, you 　　????. You may take a rest first.
A.mustn't　　B.can't
C.shouldn't　　D.don't have to
答案????D　考查情态动词的用法。句意:——妈妈,我现在必须把垃圾拿出去吗?——不,你不必。你可以先休息一下。mustn't不许;can
t不能;shouldn't不应该;don't have to没必要。由后一句“你可以先休息一下”可知,“没必要现在把垃圾拿出去”,故选D。4.(2018吉林中考)Let's save pandas!There 　　???? only about 2,000 pan-das living in the forests now.
A.am 　　B.is　　C.are
答案????C　考查there be结构的用法。在there be结构中,be动词与后面相邻的主语保持数的一致,本句中的主语是pandas,故选C。5.—What a fine day! Let's go fishing.
—　　????. When shall we go?
A.Very well　　B.Nice idea
C.Well done　　D.My pleasure
答案????B　考查交际用语。句意:——多么好的天气啊!我们去钓鱼吧。——好主意,我们什么时候去?Very well很好;Nice idea好主意;Well done干得好;My pleasure乐意效劳。由答语“我们什么时候去?”可知,后者赞同前者所提的建议。故选B。Ⅲ.根据所给汉语完成下列句子,每空一词
1.我们城市的空气污染日益严重。
The air pollution in our city is　　???? 　　????.
2.你觉得我的新车怎么样?
　　????do you 　　???? 　　???? my new car?
3.我不明白你在说什么。
I don't understand what you're 　　???? 　　????.
4.人数太多,公司加开了公共汽车。
There were　　???? 　　???? people that the company put on extra buses.
5.做这样的实验没有用。
It is 　　???? 　　???? 　　???? such an experiment.
答案　1.getting worse　2.What;think of　3.talking about
4.so many　5.no use making
Ⅰ.综合填空
(2017湖北襄阳中考)
阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容及首字母提示,在短文空白处填入一个恰当的词,使短文内容完整、通顺。
Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to d　　????(1)a habit of helping others.
We live in a rural(乡村) area. Most of what we see is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions(例外) to the beauty is the rubbish that some people throw out of their car windows. And there are no necessary public s　　????(2), such as rubbish collection.
The helping behavior(举动) that I often p　　????(3)with my daughters is picking up rubbish in our neighborhood. My daughters often have a m　????????(4) to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often say to me in an excited voice, “There's some rubbish—Daddy, stop the car!”Without t　　????(5)more, we will often get out of our car and pick it up. Though it may seem s　　????(6), we do it. In fact, we enjoy it. We pick up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost a　　????(7).
One day I saw a man I had never met before picking up rubbish on the road. I stopped. He r　　????(8) his head and said to me with a smile, “I saw you doing this with your family. It's a good idea to protect our natural world.”
There are many other ways to p　　????(9)kindness for others. You may share a dinner with a beggar(乞丐), visit lonely old people in the nursing home, or help the blind cross the street. You can think of something that can be finished e　　????(10) but helpful. It is fun, self-satisfying, and what's more, it can set a good example. Helping others is helping yourself.答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文中叙述了住在农村的作者一家一见到垃圾就会捡起来,甚至作者的女儿们还进行捡垃圾比赛的故事。
1.develop　develop a habit of doing sth.意为“养成做某事的习惯”。
2.services　由于本句是there be句型,谓语动词是are,故用可数名词复数形式。public service意为“公益服务”。
3.practice　句意:我经常和女儿们一起实践的爱心举动就是在我们的居住区捡垃圾。
4.match　由下文的the most rubbish可推知,女儿们经常进行捡垃圾比赛。
5.thinking　此处意为“不假思索地”,without为介词,后加动名词。6.strange　句意:尽管捡垃圾似乎很奇怪,但是我们就是这么做了。
7.anywhere　句意:我们会在公园里、人行道上,几乎任何地方捡垃圾。
8.raised　由后面的and said可知此处用动词的过去式。
9.provide　provide sth. for sb.意为“给某人提供某物”,是固定搭配。
10.easily　句意:你可以想一些可以很容易就完成但很有帮助的事。注意本题用副词修饰be finished。Ⅱ.补全对话
(2017四川凉山州中考)
从对话后的选项中选择恰当的选项补全对话。每个选项限用一次。
A:Hey, Jane! Have you heard about the art and science fair?
B:　1????
A:Yeah, that's the one. The school notice board says that all the students are invited to attend for free! 　2????
B:Wow, that's great!
A:　3????
B:Did you see anything cool?
A:Sure! All the works there were made by university students. B:What did you see?
A:I saw a huge model plane. It's made of used wood and glass. 　4???? It's made from grass, leaves and flowers.
B:Oh, yeah, the fair is about environmental protection and recycling, right?
A:Yes, and the students came up with some really interesting and creative ideas.
A.I also saw a really beautiful painting.
B.You mean the one just outside the science museum?
C.I went there yesterday.
D.Our school is paying for it!
1.　　???? 2.　　???? 3.　　???? 4.　　????答案????
1.B　根据答语中“Yeah, that's the one.”,可推断出上句为“你指的是在科技博物馆外举办的那场(展销会)吗?”
2.D　根据前一句“The school notice board says that all the students are invited to attend for free!”可推断出“我们学校付展销会的门票钱!”
3.C　根据下句“Did you see anything cool?”可推断出上句为“我昨天去那儿了。”
4.A　根据前文介绍所看到的内容,可知横线上的句子为“我还看到了一幅真的很漂亮的画”。Ⅰ.短文综合填空
(2018湖北恩施中考)
　　阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容及首字母提示,在短文空白处填上一个适当的词,使短文完整、通顺,语法正确。
Although the world is hungry, it is even thirstier. While nearly 3/4 of the earth is c　1???? with water, we are short of drinking water. This is because about 97% of the water on the earth is sea water.
How can we a　2???? a serious water shortage? First, we should save water and not waste it. Then, we should protect our water resources and not pol-lute them. Lastly, we should discover ways to reuse water. Scientists have got some achievements in this field. But people's need for water is increas-ing day by day. We s　3???? don't have enough water. What else can we do?
The sea seems to have the best answer. There is p　4???? of water in the sea. But we need to take the salt away from the sea water. This is very ex-pensive. If scientists can find c　5???? ways to do it, we can solve the prob-lem of the shortage of water.
1.　　????　2.　　????　3.　　????　4.　　????　5.　　????答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了地球的3/4被水覆盖着,可我们缺乏饮用水。我们怎样才能避免严重缺水呢? 首先,我们应该节约用水。然后,应该保护水资源不被污染。最后,寻找再利用水的方法。
1.covered　考查固定词组。be covered with “被……覆盖”。
2.avoid　考查谓语动词。句意为“我们怎样才能避免严重缺水呢?”表示“避免”用avoid。
3.still　考查副词。“But people's need for water is increasing day by day.但人们对水的需求日益增加。”该句说明我们现在仍然没有足够的水。故填still。
4.plenty　考查固定词组。根据前句“The sea seems to have the best an-swer.”可知海洋里有大量的水。因此填plenty。
5.cheaper　考查形容词比较级的用法。根据前句“This is very expen-sive.”可知,如果科学家们能找到更便宜的方法把盐从水中去掉,我们就能解决缺水的问题了,故填cheaper。Ⅱ.补全对话
(2017青海西宁中考)
根据对话内容,从方框中的七个选项中选出五项能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A.Would you love to do it with me?
B.What a pity!
C.It is a good topic.
D.How great your idea is!
E.But your report may not be the best.
F.Well, our environment needs everyone's effort.
G.It's said some factories pour waste water into the river near our city.Anna:What is the topic of your project?
Alice:About pollution in our city.
Anna:　1????
Alice:The pollution is rather serious. 　2????
Anna:It may pollute our water.
Alice:We should do a survey near the river and take action.
Anna:　3????
Alice:I'll write my report and do something for it. 　4????
Anna:Sure! Let's work together.
Alice:The city is our home. It is our duty to make it clean and beautiful.
Anna:　5????
1.　　???? 2.　　???? 3.　　???? 4.　　???? 5.　　????答案????
1.C　Alice谈及的话题是“有关我们城市的污染问题”。由此推知,Anna应该对这个话题予以评价。It is a good topic.符合语境。故选C。
2.G　由前面的“The pollution is rather serious.”可知,Alice认为污染是很严重的。由此推知Alice接下来应该是举实例说明这个问题。故选G。
3.D　由上一句“We should do a survey near the river and take action.”可知,Alice建议在这条河附近做个调查,然后采取行动。从下面的信息可知,Anna应该是同意Alice的建议。故选D。
4.A　由下文的应答语“Sure! Let's work together.”可知,Anna同意Al-ice的建议。而A项Would you love to do it with me?“你愿意和我一起做吗?”就是表示建议。故选A。
5.F　由上一句“It is our duty to make it clean and beautiful.”可知,Alice认为“让我们的城市保持干净、美丽是我们的职责”。根据上文语境可知,Anna表示认同。故选F。Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018山东泰安中考)　　Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threat-ened(威胁) by noise pollution caused by human beings. The noise that in-fluences sea animals comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions(爆炸), ocean drilling and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by ani-mals themselves.
Decibels(分贝) measured(测量) in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect(效果).
Some scientists have planned to set a noise limit(限度) of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have found that noises at that level can frighten whales(鲸).A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously hurt some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hear-ing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed.
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds disagree on a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research. Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. Howev-er, many scientists think that noise is a greater danger than they believed.It's time for them to take action to help ocean animals.
1.Which of the following is not caused by human beings?
A.The noise of industrial underwater explosions.
B.The noise of ocean drilling.
C.The sound of underwater earthquakes.
D.The noise of ship engines.
2.What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A.The same noise measures differently on land and in the ocean.
B.Different places may have different types of noises.
C.The noises can cause humans to lose hearing.
D.There are different kinds of natural sounds in the ocean.3.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Powerful underwater explosions aren't harmful to whales' ears.
B.Many researchers are against the noise limit of 120 decibels.
C.Noises cannot cause whales' death.
D.The noise limit of 120 decibels would hardly influence the industrial re-search.
4.According to the passage, we can infer that scientists will probably 　????.
A.work hard to cut down natural sounds
B.stop industrial and scientific research in oceans
C.try their best to make no noise
D.protect ocean animals from harmful noises
答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了噪音对海洋生物的危害。虽然科学家们对限制海洋噪音分贝的程度界定持有不同的意见,但他们一致认为噪音的危害比他们想象的大得多。
1.C　细节理解题。从第一段中“Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earth-quakes”可知,水下地震的声音是自然界的声音,不是人为的,故选C。
2.A　主旨大意题。从第二段中“Decibels measured in water are differ-ent from those measured on land.”可知选A。
3.B　细节理解题。从第五段中“Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds disagree on a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels.”可知,许多依靠海洋声音工作的研究人员不同意120分贝的限制。故选B。
4.D　细节理解题。从文章最后两句“However, many scientists think that noise is a greater danger than they believed. It's time for them to take action to help ocean animals.”可知选D。Ⅱ.短文填空
(2018四川南充中考)
根据短文内容和首字母提示,把文中所缺词语补充出来,使短文完整正确(每空限填一词)。
Save Our Environment
　　There is no doubt that global warming has become one of the biggest problems we face today. So it's important for us to protect our environ-ment.
As middle school students, what can we do? First of all, try to take bicycles and public transportation to school instead of cars b　1　 it will make less CO2(二氧化碳). It can not only be good for our health, but also make it possible for us to get closer t　2???? nature. Then, it's necessary to p　3　 up rubbish and put it into dustbins(垃圾桶). Planting more trees can al-so help a lot. However, we should never forget to turn off the lights when we leave the classroom. B　4????, why not reuse water and paper to live a low-carbon life?
I think it's everyone's duty to help our Earth. And even the simplest activ-ities can make a real d　5???? to our environment. So don't put it off! Let's do what we can to protect our home. I believe we will make our world more and more beautiful.
1.　　????　2.　　????　3.　　????　4.　　????　5.　　????答案????
[语篇解读]　本文列举了中学生为保护环境可以做哪些力所能及的事情,然后,向社会发出倡议:让我们共同努力,保护我们的家园!
1.because　后面是前面的原因,故用because。
2.to　get close to“接近”,为固定搭配。
3.pick　根据后面的put it into dustbins可知,此空表示“捡起”。故填pick。
4.Besides　前面提到了建议,此空后面的问句也是建议,故此空表示“除……之外(还)”。
5.difference　make a difference 有作用,有影响。Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写出单词
1.We should r　　???? the waste paper in order to save a lot of money.
2.Please r　　???? the following sentence after me.
3.The police are advising drivers to r　　???? speed because of the fog.
4.P　　???? are used in many modern articles instead of metal, wood, etc.
5.Don't leave the 　　????(瓶子) where he can get it.
6.The smell of burning 　　????(橡胶) is not pleasant.
7.The student is showing 　　????(快速的) progress in his studies.
8.The couple has one daughter and one 　　????(外孙女).9.Let's 　　????(分开) ourselves into several groups.
10.I think nobody will dissent from the government's 　　????(政策).
答案　1.reuse　2.repeat　3.reduce　4.Plastics　5.bottle
6.rubber　7.rapid　8.granddaughter　9.divide　10.policyⅡ.单项选择
1.(2018云南中考) Don't play games on the computer all day. It's 　　　 to your eyes.
A.harmful　　B.useful　　C.helpful　　D.thankful
答案????A　考查固定短语。句意:不要整天在电脑上玩游戏,对你的眼睛有害。be harmful to“对……有害”,为固定短语。故选A。
2.—The classroom is so bright now. You should 　　???? the lights.
—OK, I will.
A.turn on　　B.turn up 　　C.turn down　　D.turn off
答案????D　考查动词短语辨析。句意:——现在教室很明亮,你应该把灯关掉。——好的,我这就关。turn on打开;turn up调高;turn down调低;
turn off关掉。由句意可知选D。3.(2018江苏泰州中考) Be patient! Give him more time, 　　???? he will find the answer to the question on his own.
A.but　　B.or　　C.and　　D.so
答案????C　考查连词的用法。句意:耐心点!给他更多的时间,他会独自找到这个问题的答案的。分析句意可知,两个分句之间是顺承关系,应用and连接。故选C。
4.(2018辽宁抚顺中考)It seems that 　　???? is wrong with the computer. I will get it repaired soon.
A.nothing　　B.something
C.anything　　D.everything
答案????B　考查不定代词的辨析。由下文“我会尽快找人修理它”可知,这台电脑出毛病了。something is wrong“某物出了毛病”。故选B。Ⅰ.任务型阅读
(2017青海中考)
We need to be responsible for the environment. Being a frugal consumer (节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean?
Use it up
You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze (挤) that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. Use the last little piece of soap. Don't throw away any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.
Wear it out
You do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers have broken laces (鞋带), but they still fit you. Repair them and wear them longer. You don't need the latest iPhone until your old one doesn't work anymore. Then you can get a new one. Think twice before replacing some-thing that still works.
Make it do
When something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you already have to take its place. Suppose you are packing your lunch for to-morrow and want a butter sandwich. You are out of butter. What about us-ing cheese to make a cheese sandwich? Learn to fix broken toys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buying something new.
Do withoutThink about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need them? How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV? Making the things that we want uses resources (资源). And, getting rid of the things we don't want any more takes up even more resources and space.
根据短文内容,用短文中的符合语义及语法的词填空,每空一词。
1.A 　　???? 　　???? always behaves in a responsible way for the environ-ment.
2.　　????,　　???? and 　　???? are the three things which the writer men-tions when talking about using up.
3.You 　　???? need to buy a new iPhone 　　???? your old one doesn't work.
4.Using cheese to make a sandwich 　　???? 　　???? butter may be another way of protecting the environment.
5.According to the passage, no matter what you do, saving 　　???? and space is good for the environment.答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文中介绍了我们需要对环境负责,做节俭的消费者。
1.frugal consumer　2.Toothpaste;soap;biscuits　3.don't;until
4.instead of　5.resourcesⅡ.完形填空
Many kids want to help keep the environment clean but don't know where to start. 　1????, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real dif-ference to the environment. Here is how:
◆Don't litter. Litter can 　2????our water and that could do harm to us and to wildlife.
◆Recycle bottles, paper and plastic. This is a good 　3????to develop and can really make a difference.
◆　4????turn off lights and electronic devices (设备) when they are not be-ing used.◆Use your 　5????or walk to nearby locations rather than riding in a car. Encourage your friends and family to 　6????the same.
◆Don't throw your old clothes or toys away. Give 　7????to a local charity (慈善组织) or a friend that may need them.
◆　8????wasting plastic bags by bringing your own reusable cloth bags to stores.
◆If you see litter, 　9????.
◆By following these tips and using them in your everyday life, you will make the world a 　10????place. It's never too late to start, and what better time is there than right now?
1.A.At first 　　B.In the end C.In fact 　　D.As a result
2.A.pollute　　B.use 　　C.clean 　　D.waste
3.A.interest 　　B.plan 　　C.skill 　　D.habit
4.A.Still 　　B.Even 　　C.Always 　　D.Never
5.A.train 　　B.plane 　　C.car 　　D.bike
6.A.do 　　B.look 　　C.say 　　D.wear
7.A.it 　　B.them 　　C.this　　D.that
8.A.Keep　　B.Try　　C.Enjoy　　D.Avoid
9.A.look it up　　B.pick it up
C.put it up　　D.fix it up
10.A.bigger 　　B.greener
C.more peaceful　　D.more modern答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章分别从不要乱丢垃圾、循环再利用生活用品、节约用电、减少使用汽车等几个方面阐述了“绿色行动,环保从我手中传递”的做法。
1.C????句意:事实上,甚至是日常生活中最简单的活动对环境都能真正有影响。at first首先;in the end最后;in fact事实上;as a result结果。根据前句“很多孩子想帮助保持环境清洁,但不知道从哪里开始”,可知空中的信息应该是“实际上”,故选C。
2.A　句意:垃圾能够污染我们的水,并且那对我们和野生动物都有危害。pollute污染;use使用;clean打扫;waste浪费。根据主语“垃圾”可推断,空中的信息应该是“污染”,故选A。3.D　句意:这对发展来说是一个好习惯并且它真的能有影响。 interest兴趣;plan计划;skill技能;habit习惯。故选D。
4.C　句意:当你不用灯和电器设备的时候,总是把它们关掉。still仍然;even甚至;always总是;never从不。故选C。
5.D　句意:骑你的自行车或步行去附近的地点而不是开车去。train火车;plane飞机;car轿车;bike自行车。根据后文“附近的地点”可知不是乘火车或者飞机,而是“骑自行车”。故选D。
6.A　句意:鼓励你的朋友和家人做同样的事情。do做;look看;say说;wear 穿。根据上文可知,此处是“鼓励你的朋友和家人做同样的事情”。故选A。
7.B　句意:把它们捐给当地的慈善组织或可能需要它们的朋友。根据前文“Don't throw your old clothes or toys away.”可知此处的代词是代指“clothes or toys”,并且是复数形式,应该是“它们”。故选B。
8.D　句意:通过带你自己的能重复使用的布袋去商店来避免浪费塑料袋。keep保持;try试;enjoy喜欢;avoid避免。“带布袋去商店”能“避免浪费塑料袋”。故选D。
9.B　句意:如果你看到垃圾,把它捡起来。 look up查阅;pick up捡起;put up张贴;fix up修理。根据语境可知应该是“捡起垃圾”。故选B。
10.B　句意:通过遵循这些提示,并在日常生活中用上它们,你将使世界变成一个更环保的地方。bigger更大的;greener更环保的;more peaceful更和平的;more modern更现代的。故选B。Ⅰ.根据所给汉语完成下列句子,每空一词
1.竹子可以用来建造房子。
Bamboo　　???? 　　???? 　　???? to build houses.
2.那些鞋太小了,我们得买几双新的。
Those shoes are too small. We must buy　　???? 　　???? 　　????.
3.一只蓝鲸每天要吃四吨的食物。
A blue whale eats　　???? 　　???? 　　???? food each day.
4.(2018辽宁葫芦岛中考)旧杂志也有用,你最好不要扔掉。
Old magazines are also valuable, and you'd better not 　　???? 　　　　????.
答案????1.can be used　2.some new ones　3.four tons of
4.throw them awayⅡ.语法填空
(2018山东枣庄中考)
阅读下面材料,把答案写在横线上,有的答案要填入适当的内容,有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式,但每个答案不多于3个单词。
You have　1???? (probable) never heard of Amy Hayes, 　2???? she is a most unusual woman. She never throws away things we 　3???? (need) any more. She has always thought about how these things 　4???? (put) to good use. She thinks that nothing is a waste. The windows and doors of her house come from old buildings around her town 　5???? were pulled down. The top of 　6???? is an old boat 　7???? (turn) upside down. And the gate is made 　8???? rocks and old glass bottles. Amy isn't the only one who is good at 　9???? (recycle). Jessica Wong uses old clothes to make bags. She 　10???? (do) this for a few years. Her bags are cute and useful.
1.　　????　2.　　????　3.　　????　4.　　????　5.　　????
6.　　????　7.　　????　8.　　????　9.　　????　10.　　????答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Amy Hayes的环保故事,像Amy一样,Jessica Wong用旧衣服来制作包,重视环保。
1.probably　修饰heard,用副词probably。
2.but　前后分句之间是转折关系,用but。
3.don't need　根据句意及后面的any more可知,用一般现在时的否定形式。
4.can be put　these things与put之间存在被动关系,根据句意可知,用含情态动词的被动语态,故填can be put。
5.that/which　buildings是先行词,指物,用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。 6.it/the house/her house　根据前面提到的房子,可知填it/the house/her house。
7.turned　过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰an old boat,和boat存在被动关系。故填turned。
8.of　be made of“由……制成”,是固定短语。
9.recycling　be good at doing sth.表示“擅长做某事”。
10.has been doing　根据后面的for a few years可知,用现在完成进行时。Ⅰ.任务型阅读
(2017江苏淮安中考)
The problems with the environment are becoming more and more serious. You may think it is the government's job to take action and it is difficult for the individual(个人) to protect the environment. In fact, there are sev-eral easy things that can be done to make a difference.
You can start your action by learning to recycle. Although this appears re-ally simple, there are many people who still throw glass bottles and metal cans(金属罐) into their common rubbish bins. Do you notice that our gov-ernment has put many special rubbish bins in public places?They all have glass and metal recycling signs. If you spend a few seconds washing the cans and bottles and put them into the rubbish bin, you will be on the path to protecting the environment.
One more big waste product is newspapers. Most people will take their newspapers and throw them into rubbish bins when they finish reading them. In fact, there are many other things you can do with an old newspa-per. For example, newspapers are something useful for cleaning windows. You can clean windows with newspapers rather than paper towels and window cleaners for a perfect shine.
What else you can do is walk a bit more. Many people usually get into their cars and drive one block to get cola at the local shop. If you walk to the shop, you can not only spend less time, because you needn't try to find a parking place, but also save money on oil. If you wish to save even more on oil, take the chance to share the same car with others.
根据上面短文内容填空。
1.The environment is getting　　????. Though individual power is small, you can do several things　　????to make a difference.
2.The government has put many special　　????with glass and metal recy-cling signs in public places to get people　　????waste like glass bottles and metal cans.
3.The writer thinks　　????are another big waste product and he advises people to use newspapers to　　????.
4.Walking to the local shop instead of driving can save not only your　????????but also your　　????.
5.In this passage, the three examples tell you that protecting the environ-ment is not as　　????as you imagine and that　　????is a way to protect the environment.答案????
[语篇解读]　本文就个人如何行动起来保护环境提出了几点建议。
1.worse;easily　根据文章开头more and more serious可知第一空用worse,表示“更糟糕”;根据第一段最后一句中的“there are several easy things...”提示可知第二空用副词easily修饰动词do。
2.rubbish bins;to recycle　根据文章第二段第三句“Do you notice that our government has put many special rubbish bins in public places?”提示,用rubbish bins表示“垃圾箱”;这些垃圾箱上都有回收利用的标识,提示人们意识到垃圾是可以回收利用的,动词get后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。
3.newspapers;clean(their) windows　根据文章第三段首句“One more big waste product is newspapers.”提示,第一空用newspapers作宾语从句的主语;根据第三段倒数第二句“...newspapers are something useful for cleaning windows.”可知作者建议用报纸来擦窗户,故用clean(their) windows表达。
4.time;money　根据文章最后一段第三句“If you walk to the shop, you can not only spend less time...but also save money on oil.”提示,可知步行去商店不仅节省时间,而且节省油费。
5.difficult/hard;living a green life/living a low-carbon life/reducing pollu-tion/controlling pollution　文中的三个例子告诉我们保护环境并不像我们想象中的那么难;文章主要就个人如何行动起来做环保而提出建议,所举的例子都是倡导低碳、节能、环保的生活方式,且第二个设空处在
从句中作主语,应用动词-ing形式。Ⅱ.短文填空
将下列单词或词组填入空格。每个空格限填一词,每词只能填一次。
A.realize　B.public　C.experiment
D.pollution　E.plastic
　　The scientist was in a hurry. She had to get some water for her 　1???? before darkness fell. She was testing the water in the rivers that went into the ocean. Her job was to find out the cause of 　2???? in the sea at nearby beaches. She lifted out the water and looked angrily at the rubbish in it. Old clothes, 　3???? bags and pieces of paper were in the dirty water. “Don't people 　4???? that everything they throw onto the street gets washed into rivers? And they lead right into the ocean!” she said loudly. “How many years will it take to make it clean again?”
　　The scientist felt sad deep in her heart. She 　5????the ocean animals as she walked back to the beach. But when she got there, a group of students and teachers from a local primary school were carrying bags of rubbish to the bins. They had spent their afternoon cleaning the beach! She was 　6????A.bright　B.filled with　 C.exactly
D.worried about　E.immediately joy.
As she spoke with the teacher, the students gathered around them. With ????7???? smiles on their faces, they shouted, “We must do something to pro-tect the ocean!”
“That's 　8???? right,” agreed the scientist, as she smiled at their kind-ness.
1.　　????　 2.　　????　 3.　　????　 4.　　????
5.　　????　 6.　　????　 7.　　????　 8.　　????答案????
1.C　由“她必须在天黑之前取一些河水做实验”,可知选experiment。
2.D　由“她的工作就是在附近海滩弄清楚海水污染的原因”,可知选pollution。
3.E　由“旧衣物、塑料袋和纸屑等浮在脏水中”可知选plastic。
4.A　句意:难道人们意识不到他们扔到大街上的一切会被冲到河流中去吗?故realize符合题意。
5.D　由句意“在她走回海滩的时候,她为海洋生物而担忧”可知选worried about。
6.B　由句意“她特别开心”,可知选 filled with。
7.A　由语境可知“孩子们脸上洋溢着灿烂的微笑”,故选bright。
8.C　由语境可知“那的确很对”,故选exactly。Ⅰ.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2018山东莱芜中考) We are supposed to read 　　???? (quiet) in the li-brary.
2.(2018江苏无锡中考)The tourists had waited at the airport for two hours. They were getting 　　???? (patient).
3.(2018山东临沂中考) We should protect the endangered wild animals, or they will 　　???? (appear) in the near future.
4.(2017江苏无锡中考) We are still 　　???? (sure) now when the UK will leave the European Union at last.
5.(2017江苏徐州中考) Is there any 　　????(possible) that we will see you this Friday?6.(2017甘肃白银中考) We all need a　　???? (health) environment.
7.(2017江苏扬州中考) Never give up! Pain always comes with 　　???? (achieve).
8.Be 　　????(care) not to touch the paintings in the museum,” Mum said.
9.More action must be taken to stop 　　????(pollute).
10.The math problem isn‘t difficult, and I can work it out 　　???? (easy).
答案　1.quietly　2.impatient　3.disappear　4.unsure
5.possibility　6.healthy　7.achievements　8.careful
9.pollution　10.easily Ⅱ.单项选择
1.(2017山东日照中考)Father 　　???? goes to the gym with me although he dislikes going there.
A.never　　B.hardly　　C.seldom　　D.sometimes
答案????D　考查副词辨析。句意:尽管父亲不喜欢去体育馆,但是他有时和我一起去那里。never从不;hardly几乎不;seldom很少;sometimes有时。由句意可知选D。
2.(2017山东济宁中考) Xiongan New Area will help 　　???? big problems in Beijing, such as traffic jams.
A.set out　　B.check out C.work out　　D.give out
答案????C　考查动词短语辨析。set out动身,出发;check out调查;work out解决,算出;give out分发。根据后面的big problems可知,说的是解决问题。故选C。3.—I hope to be a volunteer on weekends.
—You could help to 　　???? the city parks.
A.cheer up　　B.make up　　C.take up　　D.clean up
答案????D　考查动词短语辨析。句意:——我希望成为一名周末志愿者。——你可以帮助打扫城市公园。cheer up振作起来;make up编造;take up占据;clean up清理,打扫。根据句意可知选D。
4.Grandmother lives with my parents. They 　　???? her every day.
A.look at　　B.look after　　C.look for
答案????B　考查动词短语辨析。句意:我奶奶和我父母住在一起。他们每天照顾她。look at看;look after照顾;look for寻找。由语境可知选B。
5.—Why do we eat vegetables every day, Mum?
—　　???? healthy, my dear.
A.To keep　　B.Keep　　C.Keeping　　D.Kept
答案????A　考查非谓语动词。句意:——妈妈,我们为什么每天吃蔬菜?——为了保持健康,亲爱的。答语用动词不定式短语作目的状语,故选A。Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018广西贵港中考)
Cars make our lives more convenient. But they can also be a problem. For example, fossil fuel(化石燃料) cars mainly cause air pollution.
To improve the environment, many countries are developing electric vehi-cles(EVs,电动车). Among them, China is taking a leading role and has created the world's largest EV market.
Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold in the world were sold in China, more than twice as many as the number sold in the United States.
“Filling up a fossil fuel car with gas(汽油) is more expensive than charg-ing(充电) an electric car,” said Wu Hao, who bought an electric car this year.
However, there are still some problems. It can be hard to find charging piles(充电桩) and the cars can't go far before needing to be recharged.
Some of these problems are being solved. In 2014,China had 31,000 charg-ing piles. Now China has the world's largest EV charging network, with more than 167,000 charging piles in total.
Developing EVs is one of many efforts that China has made to cut down pressure on its environment after the government promised to stop increas-es in carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放量) by 2030.
“As China goes, so will the world's car industry,” the Wall Street Jour-nal said. China has taken a leading role in the world's electric vehicle in-dustry.
1.　　???? mainly cause air pollution according to the passage.
A.Subways　　B.Sharing bikes
C.Electric vehicles　　D.Fossil fuel cars
2.Over 　　???? electric vehicles were sold in China last year.
A.150,600　　B.167,000
C.301,200　　D.753,000
3.What did Wu Hao think of charging an electric car?
A.It's more expensive than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas.
B.It's less expensive than filling up a fossil fuel car with gas.
C.It's as expensive as filling up a fossil fuel car with gas.D.It's as cheap as filling up a fossil fuel car with gas.
4.Which country has the world's largest EV charging network now?
A.America.　　B.Germany.
C.China.　　D.England.
5.What is the passage mainly about?
A.China has taken a leading role in the world's electric vehicle industry.
B.Electric cars will disappear in the future.
C.There is no problem using electric cars.
D.How to deal with air pollution.答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电动车在中国的广泛应用以及能源应用和环保问题。
1.D　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“...fossil fuel(化石燃料) cars mainly cause air pollution.”可知,化石燃料的汽车主要会引起空气污染。故选D。
2.C　推理判断题。 由第三段第一句“Last year, over 40 percent of the 753,000 EVs sold in the world were sold in China...”可知选C。
3.B　细节理解题。由第四段第一句“Filling up a fossil fuel car with gas(汽油) is more expensive than charging(充电) an electric car”可知选B。4.C　细节理解题。由第六段中的“Now China has the world's largest EV charging network”可知,中国拥有世界上最大的电动车充电网络,故选C。
5.A　主旨大意题。 由文章最后一句“China has taken a leading role in the world's electric vehicle industry.”可知选A。Ⅱ.任务型阅读
(2017贵州遵义中考)
When I was a child, I often dreamed of the time when I could leave home and go to the city. We lived on a farm, and especially in winter, we were quite out from the outside world. As soon as I left school, I packed my bags and moved to the city. However, I soon discovered that my life has its disadvantages, too.
One big disadvantage is money. It costs so much to go out, not to mention basics like food and housing. Another disadvantage is pollution. ①空气是如此的脏以至于我害怕出去。 Then there is the problem of traveling round. Although I have a car, I seldom use it because of the traffic jams. One choice is to go by bike, but that can be dangerous.
Of course there are advantages. First, there is so much to do in the city. And there are wonderful jobs and more chances of moving to a more im-portant job or position. Finally, if you like shopping, the kind of goods is very surprising.②What's more, there are many shops that are not far from your home.
Is life better in the city then? Perhaps it is, when you are in your teens or twenties. However, as you get older, and especially if you have small chil-dren, the peace of the countryside may be a better choice. I certainly hope to move back there soon.
1.Did the writer like living in the countryside when he was a child?
???　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?2.How many disadvantages of living in the city are there?
???　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
3.What does the writer prefer in the countryside when he gets older?
???　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　?
4.将画线句子①译成英语。
??　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　??
5.将画线句子②译成汉语。
??　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　??答案????
[语篇解读]　文章通过叙述自己的生活经历说明在城市生活的优点和缺点,作者认为年轻时生活在城市较好,年老的时候他更喜欢在宁静的乡村生活。
1.No, he didn't.　推理判断题。根据文章第一句可知,作者小时候经常梦想离开家去城市。故推断他小时候不喜欢生活在农村。
2.Three./There are three.　细节理解题。根据第二段可知,生活在城市有三个弊端:消费高、空气污染严重、交通拥挤。
3.(He prefers) The peace of the countryside.　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“the peace of the countryside may be a better choice”可知,年老的时候作者更喜欢农村的宁静。
4.The air is so dirty that I'm afraid to go out.
5.还有,在你家不远处有很多商店。Ⅰ.根据所给汉语完成下列句子,每空一词
1.你能在这么短的时间内完成工作吗?
Can you finish the work　　???? 　　???? 　　???? short time?
2.我不可能爬上那么高的山。
　　???? 　　???? 　　???? for me to climb such a high mountain.
3.我们可以通过植树帮助保持空气的清洁。
We can help　　???? 　　???? 　　???? 　　???? by planting trees.
4.即使我不再想要这些东西了,我也不会把它们扔掉。
Even if I　　???? 　　???? these things 　　???? 　　????, I won't throw them away.5.我已经尽我最大努力来保护环境。
I've already 　　???? 　　???? 　　???? 　　???? 　　???? the environment.
答案????1.in such a　2.It is impossible　3.keep the air clean　4.don't want;any more　5.tried my best to protectⅡ.短文改错
(2017贵州铜仁中考)
下面短文的画线部分是错误的,请改正。
　　Boys and girls! I will tell you anything about a sad story.?1.　　????
It happens on a cold winter evening. When many people were ?2.　　????
getting together in them warm houses,a poor little girl was still?3.　　????
walking in the streets without shoe. There were some matches in?4.　???　?
her hand.“Matches, matches!”the little girl cried in an low voice.5.　??　??
No one heard her when they are passing by. She didn't sell any?6.　　????matches and no one gave her a coin. The wind was blowing strong7.　???　?
and the snow was falling down on her long hair.She felt cold but8.　　????
hungry. She could neither find food to eat or find a house to ?9.　　????
live in. In the morning of the next day,the girl was lying against ?10.　??　??
the wall,dead!Do you know the name of the story?It's called The Little Match Girl.答案????
1.something　这是一个肯定句,因此用something。
2.happened　讲故事应用过去时态,动词用过去式。
3.their　表示“他们的”房屋,用物主代词their。
4.shoes　双脚没穿鞋,用复数。
5.a　辅音音素前用a修饰。
6.were　主句是过去时,从句也用过去时态。
7.strongly　修饰谓语动词应用副词,因此用strongly。
8.and　连接并列表语用and。
9.nor　此处与前面的neither构成neither...nor...结构,故改为nor。
10.On　在具体某一天上午、下午前用介词on,句子开头首字母要大写,
故用On。Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018重庆中考A卷)
Scientists in Britain and the United States have made a new kind of en-zyme(酶) that eats plastics(塑料). With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly. Scientists believe that, in the future, it could solve the problem of plastic pollution.
The enzyme is able to break down PET, a form of plastic. PET was first made in the 1940s and is now widely used to make plastic bottles. It can remain in the environment for many years and pollute large areas of land and water. So it has always been a headache to deal with the waste from PET and other plastics.The researchers made the discovery(发现) while examining the structure of a natural enzyme in Japan. They found that the natural enzyme was help-ing to break down PET plastics. So, they decided to make small changes to the enzyme by adding some amino acids(氨基酸). It made the natural en-zyme's plastic-eating abilities work faster and better.
John McGeehan, one of the lead researchers, said, “We've made an im-proved enzyme. It's better than the natural one. And we are trying to make more improvements to it.” He went on, “The enzyme is not harmful to humans or animals, and it is friendly to the environment. So we are consid-ering putting it into wider use.”
The team is now trying to make the enzyme break down PET in large quan-tities(大量地). “We'll see that the plastic pollution may be stopped with this technology. However, there is still a long way to go,” John McGee-han added.
1.According to the scientists, the enzyme may solve the problem of　　???? pollution.
A.air　　B.water
C.light　　D.plastic
2.The underlined phrase “break down” in the passage probably means “　　????” in Chinese.
A.实验　　B.生产
C.发明　　D.分解3.Researchers discovered that a natural enzyme helped eat plastics　　????.
A.in Britain　　B.in the US
C.in Japan　　D.in China
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The scientists are still trying to improve the enzyme.
B.The enzyme will pollute large areas of land and water.
C.The natural enzyme works better than the improved one.
D.The natural enzyme is harmful to humans and animals.答案
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一种能分解塑料的酶。它对环境无害,可以大规模应用以解决塑料污染问题。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的it could solve the problem of plastic pollution可知选D。
2.D　词义猜测题。上文提到这类酶能解决塑料污染问题,而只有分解塑料才能解决塑料污染问题,故选D。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The researchers made the discov-ery while examining the structure of a natural enzyme in Japan.可知C项正确。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的we are trying to make more im-
provements to it可知A项正确。Ⅱ.任务型阅读
下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A.Remember the environment
B.Keep a good memory for your holiday
C.Travel with your friends
D.Do some research
E.Get organized
F.Help the local populationTravel Tips for Holidays Abroad
Everyone loves holiday abroad. They give us the chance to see some sights, have some fun and relax. However, holidays aren't always a great experience. Follow these tips to make sure you enjoy your holiday.
1.　　????
Have you packed your passport?Your tickets?Every year, thousands of people miss flights because they've forgotten their passport, they arrive at the airport too late, or even go to the wrong airport!
2.　　????
How much do you know about the place you are going to visit?Learning a little about the culture of a country will help you understand the people. Learning a few words of another language can also help you make new friends.
3.　　????
Try to reduce the pollution you cause. Travel by train if you can. Flying produces twenty times more carbon dioxide than travelling by train. Of course, it might be impossible to avoid flying, but when you arrive, use buses or trains instead of taxis.
4.　　????
You can help a local community a lot by staying in local hotels and eating in local restaurants. This means that your money will go to local people, rather than to a large international company.5.　　????
You don't want to forget your holiday. Make a scrapbook—a book of memories—about your holiday. You can show it to friends, or just use it to remember all the good times you had! And don't forget the new friends you made on holiday. Did you promise to send them pictures or presents?Don't forget to do it!Then next time you go on holiday, you can visit them again.答案????
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇出国旅行指南,包括一些合理的建议及攻略。
1.E　由本段的内容可知应该提前准备好护照、机票等必备东西。选择E项。
2.D　由本段的内容可知我们需要了解我们将要参观的地方的文化、语言等,故应该选择D项。
3.A　由本段第一句话“尽量减少你造成的污染。”可知应该选择A项。
4.F　本段提倡入住当地旅馆、在当地的饭店就餐,由此可知选择F项。
5.B　由本段内容“记录下你的假期以及结交新朋友”可知应该选择B项。1.(2019浙江温州期末,22,★☆☆)In my opinion, if we don't take 　　???? to control the heavy air pollution, more and more people will get sick.
A.cloth　　B.rubber　　C.rules　　D.steps
答案????D　考查名词辨析。句意:在我看来,如果我们不采取措施控制严重的空气污染,越来越多的人会生病的。cloth布料;rubber橡胶;rule规则;step措施。由句意可知选D。
2.(2019天津部分区期末,33,★★☆)Pollution is heavy now, but I don't think the world's 　　????.
A.hopeless　　B.hopeful　　C.hoping　　D.hoped
答案????A　句意:现在污染很严重了,但是我认为世界并非没有希望。
hopeless无望的;hopeful有希望的。由句意可知选A。3.(2018天津南开期末,30,★★☆)We should use china cups because we can 　　???? them.
A.reduce　　B.reuse　　C.repeat　　D.replace
答案????B　本题考查动词辨析。句意:我们应该使用瓷茶杯,因为我们可以重复使用它们。reduce减少;reuse重复使用;repeat重复;replace代替。根据句意可知选B。
4.(2017 天津滨海新区期末,28,★★☆)—How expensive this dictionary is!
—Yes, but it's a very 　　???? tool for me.
A.boring　　B.terrible　　C.useful　　D.harmful
答案????C　本题考查形容词辨析。句意:——这本词典真贵啊!——是的,但是对我来说它是一个非常有用的工具。boring无聊的;terrible可怕的;useful有用的;harmful有害的。根据句意可知选C。
1.(2019广西柳州期末,30,★☆☆)It's no use 　　???? things we can't do.
A.to talk about　　B.to talk with
C.talking about
答案????C　考查固定句式。句意:谈论我们做不到的事情没有用。It's no use doing sth.“做某事没有用”为固定句式。故选C。2.(2019天津一中月考,34,★★☆)People produce　　???? rubbish each year, and it's very wasteful.
A.tons of　　B.millions of
C.a large number of　　D.a amount of
答案????A　考查短语辨析。句意:人们每年产生大量的垃圾,非常浪费。tons of许多,大量的;millions of许多,修饰可数名词复数;a large number of许多,大量,修饰可数名词复数;a amount of中amount以元音音素开头,前面用不定冠词an,故a amount of是错误形式。rubbish是不可数名词,结合句意可知选A。3.(2019天津河西期末,25,★★☆)They have many different ways to create electricity. But some ways are 　　???? to the environment and easily cause air pollution.
A.helpful　　B.helpless
C.harmful　　D.harmless
答案????C　考查形容词辨析。句意:他们有很多不同的方法发电,但是,一些方法对环境有害而且很容易引起空气污染。helpful有帮助的;help-less无助的;harmful有害的;harmless无害的。根据“很容易引起空气污染”可知,一些发电的方法是有害的,故选C。4.(2019天津河西期末,27,★★☆)It is sunny outside. Why not 　　???? the light and open the window?
A.put on　　B.put away　　C.turn up　　D.turn off
答案????D　考查动词短语辨析。句意:外面阳光明媚,为什么不把灯关掉打开窗户呢?put on穿上;put away将……收起;turn up调大;turn off关掉。由句意可知选D。
5.(2018广东廉江实验学校期末,26,★☆☆)There is 　　???? wrong with this computer. It doesn't work well.
A.something　　B.anything
C.everything　　D.nothing
答案????A　本题考查不定代词的用法。句意:这台计算机出毛病了。它不能正常运行。something wrong意为“出毛病”,为固定搭配。故选A。
6.(2018天津宁河第三次月考,34,★★☆)Hurry up! It's so late! Your mum 　　???? be waiting for you.
A.must　　B.may　　C.can　　D.need
答案????A　本题考查情态动词的用法。句意:快点!太晚了!你妈妈一定在等你。根据“快点!太晚了!”可知,后面是非常肯定的情况。故选A。
7.(2018福建泉州永春一中期末,25,★★☆)A cellphone is used 　　???? a camera 　　???? most young people in China.
A.by;for　　B.to;for　　C.as;by
答案????C　本题考查固定搭配。句意:在中国手机被大多数年轻人用作照相机。be used as意为“被用作”,为固定搭配。故选C。
8.(2018广东汕头潮南期末,39,★★☆)Listening to light music is one of 　　???? ways to relax yourself when you feel tired.
A.the more helpful 　　B.more helpful
C.the most helpful　　D.the helpful
答案????C　本题考查形容词最高级。句意:当你感觉疲劳时,听轻音乐是最有助于放松你自己的方式之一。根据one of...可知,空格处用最高级形式,helpful的最高级形式为the most helpful,故选C。
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.(2018江苏盐城中考,69,★☆☆)The world is changing 　　????, and we should keep up with the pace of change. (rapid)
答案　rapidly
2.(2018江苏淮安中考,54,★☆☆) On 　　????(rain) days, the traffic is heavier than usual.
答案　rainy3.(2018上海中考,57,★☆☆) Shirley is an early bird. It was 　　???? for her to be late for school today.(usual)
答案　unusual
4.(2018贵州安顺中考,79,★☆☆)Would you tell me the 　　???? (pro-nounce) of the new word.
答案　pronunciation
5.(2018山东临沂中考,63,★☆☆)The oceans are 　　???? polluted by plas-tic waste.(heavy)
答案　heavily
6.(2017山东临沂中考,68,★☆☆)Mrs. Dean was 　　???? to the policeman who had helped her kids arrive safely. (thank)
答案　thankful 7.(2017贵州遵义中考,83,★☆☆)After discussing it for two days, they haven't reached an 　　????(agree) yet.
答案　agreement
8.Write a letter to your pen pal to give her　　????(suggest)on how to behave properly in China.
答案　suggestions
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,每个空格限填一词。
1.(2018吉林长春中考,8,★☆☆)Doing homework 　　???? (careful) is a good habit and it helps a lot.
答案????carefully
2.(2018山东临沂中考,65,★☆☆)Every year, about 6.5 million people die because of air 　　???? (pollute).
答案????pollution3.(2018山东临沂中考,67,★☆☆)It is very 　　????　(help) for me to have conversations with friends in English every day. My speaking skills have certainly improved.
答案????helpful
4.(2018江苏宿迁中考,60,★☆☆)Look! Your room is really 　　???? (tidy). You should learn to be organized.
答案????untidy
5.(2018江苏盐城中考,66,★☆☆)It is 　　???? (polite) to speak loudly in public.
答案????impolite6.(2017山东临沂中考,66,★☆☆)—Mr. Smith, do you think teenagers must be kept away from the Internet?
—No, I 　　???? (agree) with this. The Internet can help learn more about the world.
答案　disagree
7.(2017黑龙江绥化中考,50,★☆☆)Tom likes China because Chinese people are 　　????(friend).
答案　friendly
8.(2017贵州遵义中考,84,★☆☆)I don't like soap operas because I think they are 　　???? (meaning).
答案　meaninglessⅠ.阅读理解
(2018吉林长春中考)
　　If you have only three minutes to get something that you can take from your home, and the other things are lost forever, what will you take?The following information will help you.　　A B.O.B. is very helpful to the people in need. You'd better prepare more than one B.O.B. if possible.Then think of the difference a B.O.B. will make if those disasters happen. So prepare one now.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
1.A B.O.B. has a collection of things 　　???? in it.
A.for research　　B.for traffic
C.for life　　D.for study
2.Many people run away from their homes with a B.O.B. because 　　????.
A.they have to save many people's lives
B.they have no other useful things to take
C.they will be able to return in a short timeD.they need to continue to live after disasters happen
3.People should make a B.O.B. as 　　???? as they can.
A.huge　　B.light　　C.common　　D.heavy
4.People had better NOT put a B.O.B. 　　????.
A.at home　　B.in the car　　C.at the office　　D.on the road
5.According to the passage,“　　????” is right.
A.Expensive things should be put in a B.O.B. safely.
B.People should take a B.O.B. with them everywhere.
C.It's better to prepare more than one B.O.B. if possible.
D.People are advised to put some more clothes in a B.O.B.答案
[语篇解读]　如果在三分钟内你可以从家里带走一些东西,而其他东西你将永远失去,你应当带什么呢?
1.C　细节理解题。由表格第一栏中“It's a bag with a collection of things that are needed for life in it.”可知答案。
2.D　细节理解题。由“Reasons to use a B.O.B.”中的第二句“They need to continue to live without food, water or a shelter in some unexpect-ed situations.”可知答案。
3.B　细节理解题。由“Things in a B.O.B.”中的“Be sure to make a B.O.B. as light as possible.”可知答案。
4.D　细节理解题。由“Places to keep a B.O.B.”中的第二句“Your home, your car, or your office can be a good place to put it.”可知不适合放求生背包的地方是D。
5.C　细节理解题。由文章最后一段第二句“You'd better prepare more than one B.O.B. if possible.”可知答案。Ⅱ.智力测试
　　Colin, Jack, Henry, Victor and Ted play a game of cops and robbers. The robbers' statements are always false while the cops' statements are always true.
a)Colin says that Jack is a cop.
b)Henry says that Victor is a robber.
c)Ted says that Colin is not a robber
d)Jack says that Henry is not a cop.
e)Victor says that Ted and Colin play on different sides.
How many robbers are there?答案　Four.
4个。
因为强盗们总说谎,警察们总说实话,所以说别人是强盗意味着自己和对方属于不同