人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit3Inventors and inventions Reading课件（共70张PPT ）

课件70张PPT。Reading
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Do you know the stages every inventor must go through before they can have their invention approved? Here give you some similar stages used in research, please out them in the suitable order.Pre-reading Applying for a patent
Finding a problem
Doing research
Testing the solution
Thinking of a creative solution
Deciding on the invention The suitable order:Finding a problemDoing research Thinking of a creative solutionTesting the solutionDeciding on the inventionApplying for a patentLook at the pictures, what inventions
can you think of? Patent office (专利局) plays the role of deciding what is an invention and what is not. And only inventions can get patens and so be recognized and protected.patentsThe problem of the snakesPart I (Para 1): the discovery of the problem of the snakes.the research on the approaches
to solve the problem.the attempts to catch the snakes.the requirements of getting a patent.Part II
(Paras 2-3):Part III (Paras4-6):Part IV (Paras7, 8):Fast ReadingRead the text fast and answer questions. The text narrates the problem of the snakes and presents the procedures of catching them and applying for a patent.1. What is the main idea of the text?2. What’s the writing purpose of the writer?The writer wants to inform us of the scientific
methods to solve present problems so that we
students can not only broaden the horizons but
become more skilled in discovering and
considering carefully the problems in daily life.
We are also encouraged by the writer to be
creative and hardworking as well as thinking
independently.3. What should we learn from this text?We can learn from the text the way of doing
scientific researches and how to apply for a
patent. We can also learn that it takes an
inventor great determination persistence to
achieve his or her ambition and persistence
to achieve his or her ambition in life.Choose the best answer. 1. How did the writer catch the snakes?
A. using something the snakes were
interested to attract them into a trap.
B. taking their habitat to another place.
C. placing the snakes at a low temperature
for them to sleep and then caught them.
D. All the above. C 2. The writer was successful to catch the
snakes in ____ attempt.
A. the First B. the second
C. the third D. every
3. Why did cooling the snakes make them less
active?
A. Because snakes are warm-blooded animals.
B. Because snakes like high temperature.
C. Because their body temperature depends
on the heat around them. C C 4. Which statement is TRUE according to
the text?
A. The snakes were sleepy in the second
approach so they couldn’t bite.
B. Your product must be different from
everybody else’s if you want to receive
a patent.
C. The writer received a patent after she
succeeded in catching the snakes.
D. If an application proves to be valid, you
can get a patent immediately.B 5. According to the text, which subject do
you think can be given a patent?
A. A new star discovered by a scientist.
B. A new novel written by Yao Ming.
C. A new way to make dirty water clean.
D. A new kind of grass can be used as a
medicine.C 1. In this passage, the writer want to encourage
the readers to consider carefully the problems
in daily life.
2. The writer was successful to catch the
snakes in the second attempt.
3. An inventor can easily get the patent for
the invention.TTrue or FalseFF4. If you have a scientific theory or mathematical
model, you can get a patent.
5. The stages to apply for a patent is to fill
in the form for your invention, file your
patent application with the patent office
and wait for the patent examine.
6. If your inventions pass the test, your
application for a patent will be published
17 months from the date you apply.TFFFind a problemThe snakes must be removed but not harmedDo researchLook for methods of removal; the habits of snakesFill the chart.Test the solution several times Apply for a patentFill in the form and
file your patent
application with the
patent office Think of a creative solutionIdentify three
possible approaches
: choose oneTry three times to
make it work
efficiently Careful Reading: Para 1-3
1.Why did the writer feel proud when her mother
asked her to get rid of the snakes?
2. What did the writer prepare before she could
think of a possible approach?Because it was a chance for the writer to
distinguish herself by inventing something
that would catch snakes but not herm them.She did some research on the habits of snakes.Para 4-6:
What was the writer’s three attempts to catch
the snakes? Why did the first two attempts
fail?
The first attempt:
The writer placed the frozen bowl over the
snakes’ habitat for two hours.
Two hours was too short to make the snakes
sleepy. She needed to spend more time cooling
the snakes.The second attempt:
The writer placed the frozen bowl over the
snakes’ habitat in the evening for a whole night.
Once the snakes were picked up, they were
woken and tried to bite her.
The third attempt:
The writer placed the frozen bowl over the
snakes’ habitat in the evening and carry a net
to collect the snakes without harming them the
next morning.Para7-8:
1. Is it easy to apply for a patent?
The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for
new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly
novel.
2. Decide whether each of them can get patents
or not? Give your reasons.1 Read the passage and answer the questions. Comprehending 1. What was the mother upset about? The mother was upset because a family of
snakes had made their home near the house. 2. Why was the writer happy to help her mother? The writer was happy because it give her
an opportunity to help her mother and
invent something to catch the snakes
without hurting them at the same time.3. What are the three creative steps that the
writer takes to catch the snakes without
hurting them?
1) She bought a stainless steel ice-cream
maker and froze the bowl. She added
ice-cubes to the top of the bowl to keep
it cool. She placed it over the snakes’
habitat during the day so that the snakes
would become sleepy and could be easily
caught.2) As above she did the same but placed the
bowl over the snakes’ habitat in the evening.3) As above but added a net to catch the
snakes.4. Why did cooling make the snakes less active? Snakes don’t have a way of keeping warm in
their bodies. They get warmth from the sun
and become more active at this time. When
the sun goes down at night they cool down
and become less active. So extra cooling to
the snake would make them even less active
and easier to catch.You are able to prove that you were
the first person to make the invention.
You are recognized as a real inventor.
You can make money if you sell your
invention to others.2 Discuss with your partner what the
advantages might be of getting a patent.3 In pairs look at the following problems. Choose one and use the scientific stages to design a new invention to solve it. Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesn’t work the first time.Problem 1: The ripe apples growing on your
apple tree are too high for you to reach them.
What can you invent to pick your apples in
comfort?
Problem 2: You need to make a house but you
only have strings, glue, fishing nets and many
plastic bottles. How can you solve it?
Problem 3: You want to catch fish but not hurt
them when you do so. Design a fishing rod that
will solve this problem.Pairwork: Can you be an inventor?You need to make a house but you only
have strings, glue, fishing nets and many
plastic bottles. How can you solve it?1. Remove the bottom from each of the bottles.
2. Stick the bottles together with the glue to
form a solid wall.
3. Cover them with the fishing net to hold
them secure.
4. Pour water down the bottles to encourage
plants to grow up inside them. The plants will make a vegetable wall which
will keep the sunshine out and protect the
people inside from anyone who wants to
look in.
5. Make a roof of empty bottles. This means it
will not be too heavy.
6. Put the roof on after the plants have grown
so that the walls are very secure and steady. 1. 打电话
2. 有时, 偶尔
3. 摆脱, 赶走
4. 使自己扬名, 显摆自己
5. 生物
6. 一种新方法
7. 着手, 开始
8. 决定
9. 把它们引入陷阱
10. 一个制作冰淇淋的器具
11. 同时call up
now and then
get rid of
distinguish oneself
living creatures
a new approach
set about
decide on
attract them into a trap
an ice-cream maker
at the same timePhrases and Sentences12.消失在墙壁附近的
洞里
13.提起, 拿起
14.根据
15.温顺的蛇
16.把它们都释放到野外
17.被某人督促
18.专利局
19.填表
20.……的问题disappear into a convenient
hole in the wall
pick up
according to
the passive snakes
release them all back into
the wild
be pressed by
the patent office
fill in the form
a matter of21. 这是因为我预料它还会再咬人。
22. 你看看我的银行节余金额就知道我是否
成功了。You will know if I succeed by the size of my
bank balance.This was in the expectation that the snakes
would bite again. 1. go through 1) 经历(不愉快的事)Most families went through a lot in the war.2) 通过, 成功, 成交 The plan did not go through.3) 审阅, 检查I can’t go though the letters in an hour.4) 翻找, 查看Mother went through the drawer for her glasses.A terrible noise went through the house.5) 穿过, 通过Language points read through 通读
look through 浏览
flow through 流过
get through 通过, 接通, 使….成功
search through 搜寻, 查找2. do research on /into /in...从事, 进行, 做研究 e.g. They are carrying out a research
into the causes of cancer.注意: research可作可数名词和不可数
名词, 有自己的单复数形式。
但是短语do research on /into /in...
中research 为不可数名词。3. When I called up my mother in the countryside
on the telephone, she was very upset.call up 打电话, 使…回忆起今晚我会给你打电话。I’ll call you up tonight. (ring sb. up)老相片引起了我对童年的回忆。The old photo calls up memories of my
childhood. (recall sth.) call back
call for
call in
call on
call at召唤某人回来; 再访; 回电话
需要, 要求, 接(人或物)
邀请; 请来
拜访(人)
拜访(某地)--Can I do the job?
--I’m afraid not, because it ___ skill and patience.
A. calls on B. calls out
C. calls up D. calls forD call on
drop in on
pay a visit to
go on a visit to
visitcall at
drop in at
pay a visit to
go on a visit to
visit拜访某地+sp.拜访某人+ sb.4. now and then 时而; 不时 = sometimes我偶尔看见他, 但不常见。
我有时喜欢去看歌剧。I see him now and then, but not often.I like to go to the opera now and then.from time to time
(every) now and again
from now on
just now
since then有时; 不时
时而; 不时
从现在开始, 今后
刚才
从那时以来5. Here was a chance for me to distinguish
myself by inventing something… distinguish oneself 显扬自己, 使自己扬名
e.g. The man distinguished himself by his wisdom.
distinguish vt. & vi. 1) 辨别; 辨认
e.g. I can’t distinguish the twins, they are so alike.
从远处我能认出他们。
I can distinguish them at a distance.2) (常与from, between连用) 区别; 区分
distinguish A from B 把A与B加以分开
distinguish between A and B 辨别A和B
你能区分那两个物体吗？
应当教育孩子分辨好坏。
Children should be taught to
___________________________.Can you distinguish between those two objects?distinguish right from wrong语言把人和动物区别开来。
Speech _____________________________.
象因为有长鼻子而有别于其他动物。
Elephants _________________ by their long
trunks.
You should be able to ______ right from wrong.
A. differ B. distinguish
C. determine D. observedistinguishes men from animalsare distinguished distinction
distinctiven. 区别, 差异
adj. 有特色的, 与众不同的B be distinguished from
distinguish …from …
be distinguished by
be distinguished for 不同于…与…加以区别
辨别, 把…和…区别开
以…为特征
因…而著称distinguished adj.
distinguishing adj.
distinguishable adj.
distinct adj.著名的, 出名的
有区别的
可区别的
截然不同的6. The first thing I tried to do was to see if there
were products that might help me, but there only
seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. there be 常见的变化形式有: there seems to
be… , there happens to be… , there used to be….辨析: there be与have
there be 强调某处有某物;
have 强调某人有某物, 指为人所拥有
e.g. There is a book on the desk.
I have a book.在there be结构中, be的人称与数应遵循就近一致原则。There _______ a bucket of water and two
chairs in the corner of the house.There ________ two chairs and a bucket
of water in the corner of the house.waswere2) seem的归纳总结 seem +to be +形容词/名词/介词短语/分词Something seemed to be wrong with him.
You seemed to be in a great hurry.
The first memories seemed to be connected
with work.
He seemed to be a good leader.It seems that...
It seems as if/ as though...
There seems (to be )…. seem 构成的句式:It seems that everyone was satisfied.
It seems as if you are the first one here.
There seems (to be) no reason for
believing him.seem 表示有某种根据的判断, 这种判断往往
接近事实或者符合事实。
appear 从外表或者表面上看来“似乎, 好像”,
有时暗含“事实上并非如此”之意。
look 强调视觉上的印象。
It appears a true story.
He looks a perfect fool.
Do let your mother know all the truth. She
appears ____ everything. (2001上海)
A. to tell B. to be told
C. to be telling D. to have been toldD 7. But there only seemed to be powders
designed to kill snakes.
powder n. 粉, 粉末; 药粉; 火药
grain sth. into powder 把磨成粉
8. I set about researching the habits of snakes
so I could trap them in the easiest way.1) set about =set out: to begin or start 着手; 开始他一到那儿就着手解决问题。
He __________________________ as soon as
he arrived there.
= He ________________________ as soon as
he arrived there.set about solving the problemset out to solve the problemset out的另一个意思为“动身”, “出发”, 后面常
跟介词for。
他们已出发到上海去了。They have set out (= set off ) for Shanghai.set out
set out to do sth.
set off
set aside
set down
set up出发, 起程
开始做某事
出发, 动身
留出, 对…不予考虑
记下, 写下
设置, 造成, 产生be in the habit
out of habit
break the habit
develop/form the habit of2) habit n. 习惯出于习惯打破…...的习惯养成…...习惯 habit 通常指个人经常性的行为
custom 一般指整个社会在一段时间里的
行为、风俗
practice 指惯例, 也指商业或者法律上的
常规做法。有…...的习惯9. Between the outside and inside
walls of the bowl there is some jelly,
which freezes hard when cooled.when cooled 的构成: 连词when +过去分
词, 相当于when 引导的状语从句: when it
is cooled.While unfinished, he was ugly, but now he
was a living horror.
while unfinished,... =when/while 引导的时间状语从句中的主语,
如果与主句的主语相同, 常常可用“when/
while +现在分词短语或者过去分词短语”
的结构来代替。= You must be careful when crossing the
street.e.g. You must be careful when you cross
the street.While he was unfinishedWhen ____ help, one often says “thank
you” or “ it’s kind of you”.
A. offering B. to offer
C. to be offered D. offered原从句为主动结构时, 用when/while+现在分词来代替; 原句为被动结构时, 用 when /while+过去分词短语来代替。D 10. They abruptly disappeared into a convenient
hole in the wall.1) abruptly adv. 突然地, 唐突地
abrupt adj. 突然的; 意外的
e.g. 这路有很多急转弯。
The road is full of ____________.
这会议突然结束了。
The meeting came to ______________.
我们的讨论突然给缩短了。
Our discussion was __________ curtailed.abrupt turnsan abrupt endabruptlybe convenient for sb.／sth.
It is convenient for sb. to do sth.对某人/某物便利/方便的译: 三点钟对你方便吗？
e.g. Will 3’oclock be convenient for you ?
译: 明天开始工作对你方便吗？
e.g. Will it be convenient for you to start work
tomorrow?2) convenient adj. 便利的, 方便的对某人来说做某事是方便的1. Come and see me whenever _____.
A. you are convenient
B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you
D. it will be convenient to you
2. If it is quite _____ to you, I’ll visit you next Tuesday.
A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortableC A convenience [U] 方便, 便利 [C] 方便的事 at one’s convenience在某人方便的时候e.g. Please do this job at your convenience.11. expectation n. 预料, 预期, 期待e.g. He has little expectation of winning a
prize. 他对获奖不抱什么希望。 e.g. There is no expectation of snow tonight.
今晚预料无雪。What he did was against all expectations.
他所做的完全出乎意料。“…的期望, 期待”用of。12. monitor
1) vt. 监听, 收听
e.g. They have been monitoring the enemy’s
radio broadcasts to try to find out their
secret plans.
2) 密切监视, 监督
e.g. The teacher is monitoring an examination.14. Only after you have had that recognition
can you say that you are truly an inventor.
only 修饰状语, 置于句首, 主句的语序需要倒装。
e.g. Only by working hard can we pass the exams.13. passive adj. 被动的, 消极的; 不抵抗的;
不活跃的
e.g. He played a passive role in the marriage. 15. Nor will you receive a patent until a search
has made to find out that your product really
is different from everybody else’s.以否定词no, not, never, hardly, seldom, neither,
little等开头引导的句子, 句子的主句要部分倒装。e.g. Never can you pass the exam if you don’t
devote yourself to your study.
Never have I seen such an exciting film.
Little did I know what was about to happen.16. application 1) 申请, 请求 e.g. I made an application to the bank for a loan.2) 实施e.g. the strict application of the law 严明执法apply v. 申请, 请求, 实施 e.g. apply to the publishers for permission～ to sb. for sth. 向某人申请… apply the law strictly 严格的执行法律1. Speech d___________ man from animals.
2. He was r_______ from prison yesterday.
3. She was unable to b_____ the pain
any longer.
4. The c_________ consists of 24 members.
5. Suddenly I felt a flash of i__________.
6. His method is very p________.
7. The line was busy and the operator asked
If I’d like to h__________ on.
8. It's our e__________ that you will do well. Word Spelling xpectationistinguisheseleasedearommitteenspirationracticalang / hold1. Read the text again.
2. Finish the exercises in Learning
about Language on Page 23.Homework