单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
答案:1.making up 2.due to 3.stepping up 4.show up 5.belonging to
1.The old man was (编造) an interesting story to
draw children’s attention.?
2.His illness is (因为) bad food.?
3.This company is (加紧) the production of the
latest model.?
4.Why didn’t you (出现) at the assembly yesterday
morning??
5.China is a country (属于) the third world.?
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
It’s 1. (report) that a 15-year-old boy named Justin Foster went 2. (miss) three days ago.He didn’t show 3. until the lunch time the next day.His parents became worried and called the police immediately.4. (witness) said they saw Justin 5. (walk) towards his house at 10.45 p.m.And Kelly,Justin’s sister,said that he returned home the night before and she even heard him put 6. his favourite CD.Around midnight,she was woken up seeing a large spaceship flying outside,so she 7. (assume) Justin must 8. (take) away by aliens.Some people supported her idea,saying they experienced this kind of frightening things.Police were 9. (step) up their search for the possibilities such as UFOs,murder and so on,and they said they wouldn’t give up 10. they found out what had really happened.?
答案:1.reported 2.missing 3.up 4.Witnesses 5.walking 6.on 7.assumed 8.have been taken 9.stepping 10.until
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Friedman points out that the green economy (经济) is a chance to
keep American (strong).(2018浙江,阅读理解C)?
2.Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms-
(disappearance)!(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解A)?
3.I hope to go to college next year,always (assume) I pass my
exams.?
答案:1.strength 2.disappear 3.assuming
4.Sam nodded but he didn’t look (convince).?
5.It was a sharp (disagree) about whether to go for broke
or whether to compromise.?
6.I’m (puzzle) about this situation.?
7.It was (evidence) that she had once been a beauty.?
8.Most manufacturers content themselves with updating (exist)
models.?
9.He (witness) the accident which caused three deaths.?
10.I saw you (play) the game just now.?
答案:4.convinced 5.disagreement 6.puzzled 7.evident 8.existing 9.witnessed 10.playing
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.All have caused many languages disappear,and dominant languages
such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)
2.Desktop computers,based mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1992.
(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解D)
3.She was taken to hospital with several serious injury.
4.His good health is a witness for the success of the treatment.
5.Here he is!We have been waited anxiously for him since last night.
答案:1.disappear前加to 2.将based改为basic 3.将injury改为injuries 4.将for改为to 5.将waited改为waiting
6.On both sides of the street is beautiful flowers.
7.The more he said,the less convinced he was.
8.It occurs to her what she must make a new plan.
9.He has bought the books for 3 days.
10.The winner showed off about his prize proudly.
答案:6.将is改为are 7.将convinced改为convincing 8.将what改为that 9.将bought改为had 10.去掉about
微写作
1.世界上存在着很多令人困惑的和令人惊奇的现象。
?
?
2.这些现象无法用现在的科学来解释。
?
?
答案:1.There exist many puzzling and amazing phenomena in the world.
2.These phenomena cannot be explained by today’s science.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
答案:3.In recent years,some people have witnessed something similar to UFO.
4.People are convinced that there is possibility of the existence of outer space creatures.
3.最近几年,有人目睹了类似UFO的东西。
?
?
4.人们相信有外太空生物存在的可能性。
?
?
答案:5.It needs scientists to observe these phenomena and look into them.
5.这需要科学家们进一步地仔细观察这些现象并做出调查。
?
?
连句成篇:
There exist many puzzling and amazing phenomena in the world which/that cannot be explained by today’s science.In recent years, some people have witnessed something similar to UFO,so people are convinced that there is possibility of the existence of outer space creatures.However,it needs scientists to observe these phenomena carefully and look into them.
必修2
Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained
基础知识
考点知识
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
1. adj.困惑的,茫然的
adj.令人困惑不解的
v.使困惑n.难题
2. n.证人vt.见证
3. vt.假定;认为
n.假定,假设
adj.假定的
4. n.证据
adj.明显的
adv.明显地
puzzled
puzzling
puzzle
witness
assume
assumption
assumed
evidence
evident
evidently
单
词
拓
展
5. n.基础vt.以……为基础
adj.基础的
n.基础,根据
6. vi.存在
n.存在
7. vi.不同意
n.分歧;争论
8. n.力量,力气
adj.强壮的
vt.加强,巩固
base
basic
basis
exist
existence
disagree
disagreement
strength
strong
strengthen
单
词
拓
展
9. vt.使确信,使相信
adj.令人信服的
adj.坚信的,深信的
10. adj.无法解释的
v.解释
n.说明,解释
11. n.小事;事件
12. vi.消失;失踪
n.消失;失踪
convince
convincing
convinced
unexplained
explain
explanation
incident
disappear
disappearance
单
词
拓
展
13. n.施工;建筑物
vt.建造,组成
adj.建设性的
14. vi.发生
n.发生的事情
15. adv.&prep.在(船等)上;
上(船等)
16. n.可能性
adj.可能的
adv.可能地
construction
construct
constructive
occur
occurrence
aboard
possibility
possible
possibly
单
词
拓
展
17. adj.令人惊奇的
adj.吃惊的
n.惊奇,惊诧
18. n.伤害
vt.伤害;损害
19. n.笑,笑声
v.笑,大笑
20. n.幽默
adj.滑稽的;幽默的
21. n.奖vt.授予,奖励
amazing
amazed
amazement
injury
injure
laughter
laugh
humour
humourous
award
单
词
拓
展
22. vt.& vi.& n.攻击;进攻
n.攻击者
23. n.长度
vt.(使)加长
adj.长的
24. vt.检查
n.检查,调查
n.考试
25. vt.预订
n.预订;保护区
attack
attacker
length
lengthen
long
examine
examination
exam
reserve
reservation
单
词
拓
展
26. vi.& vt.生存;挺过(难关)
n.生存;幸存
n.幸存者
27. adj.热情的
n.热情;热心
28.discount n.__________
survive
survival
survivor
enthusiastic
enthusiasm
折扣
单
词
拓
展
1.due 由于,因为
2.show 出现,现身
3.make 编造;构成;化妆
4.look 调查
5.belong 属于
6.make one’s way 前往
7.take charge 负责,掌管
8.dozens 许多,很多
9.run 追;追赶
10.step 加紧,加强
to
up
up
into
to
to
of
of
after
up
短
语
记
忆
1.I pulled back the curtains and ______
.我把窗帘拉开,看到外面有一只巨大的飞船在(空中)飞着。2. lots of strange creatures with white
skin and large black eyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大
的奇怪生物。
3.The Yeti be a large,hairy animal that walks on
two feet like a human being.据说,野人是一种体型较大、全身长
毛、能像人类一样直立行走的动物。
saw
a
large
spaceship
flying
outside
Standing
inside
were
is
said
to
句
型
整
理
1.puzzled adj.困惑的,茫然的
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
归纳拓展 ①be puzzled about/over/at sth.对某事迷惑不解
②be puzzled+疑问词+to do/从句 不知道……
③puzzle over/about 苦苦思索;仔细琢磨
④puzzle out 弄明白,推敲出
英文典例:
①He looked puzzled so I repeated the question.
他好像没听懂,于是我把问题又重复了一遍。
②He was trying to puzzle out why he had been brought to the
house.
他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。
即学即用:完成句子
①这些令人费神的难题难住了我,我不知道怎么算出来。
These puzzles me,and I was how to work
them out.?
②我们仍然在琢磨事故是怎样发生的。
We’re still how the accident could have
happened.?
答案:①puzzling;puzzled;puzzled ②puzzling about
2.witness n.目击者;证人;证据
vt.目击;见证
归纳拓展 ①be (a) witness to sth.
目击某事;看见某事发生
②give/bear witness (to sth.)
(为……)作证,证明
③witness (sb.doing) sth.目击了(某人做)某事
英文典例:
①Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.
警方呼吁这个事故的目击者出来作证。
②Italy,which has a much weaker tradition of immigration,has
witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years.
(2017浙江,阅读理解C)
移民数量历来不多的意大利在近几年见证了移民数量的急剧上升。
特别提示:
①witness用作及物动词,后接名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语;
②witness用作不及物动词,意为“为……作证”,常和to搭配,to为介词。
即学即用:语法填空
①The police found a witness the road accident and asked
her to give witness.?
②He arrived home just in time (witness) his brother being
taken away by the police.?
答案:①to ②to witness
3.assume vt.假定,认为
归纳拓展 ①assume sb./sth. to be认为某人/某物是……
②It is generally assumed that...
人们普遍认为……
③assuming conj假设……为真;假如
④assuming that...假设;如果
⑤on the assumption that...假定
英文典例:
①I had assumed him to be a Belgian.
我本以为他是比利时人。
②Assuming (that) he’s still alive,how old would he be now?
假定他还活着,现在有多大年纪了?
③We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will
turn up.
我们假定了每一个人都会应邀出席并正就此作出安排。
即学即用:完成句子
①人们普遍认为压力是工作过重所致。
stress is caused by too much work.?
②假定宇宙中布满了这些行星。
the universe is peppered with these planets.?
③我们假设这是一场燃气爆炸事故。
We are working it was a gas explosion.?
答案:①It is generally assumed that ②Assuming that
③on the assumption that
4.evidence n.证据
归纳拓展 ①(be) in evidence 显眼,引人瞩目
②show/bear evidence of 证明,作证,表明
③be/become evident to sb.that...
某人清楚……
④evidence that...that引导同位语从句
英文典例:
①“That is only evidence that traditions once existed,” he
said.(2018全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C)
他说:“那是传统曾经存在的唯一证据。”
②The police were much in evidence at today’s demonstration.
在今天的示威集会上警察随处可见。
③It has now become evident to us that a mistake has been made.
我们已经清楚出了差错。
即学即用:完成句子
①墙上的洞是很明显的。
The holes in the wall were very much . ?
②你们一定都很清楚他犯了错误。
It must all of you that he has made a
mistake.?
答案:①in evidence ②be evident to
5.base n.基地,大本营;底部;基础
vt.以……为基础
英文典例:
①What are you basing this theory on?
你这种理论的根据是什么?
②Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of
doing things,which are based on general agreement.(2016上海卷)
许多西方公司试图仿效亚洲人做事情的方式,这些方式是建立在协议基础
上的。
归纳拓展 ①base...on/upon=be based on/upon以……为基础;以……为
根据
②on the basis of在……的基础上;根据
即学即用:完成句子
①如今人们根据自己的看法选择饮食。
People today make choices of their diets what
they believe.?
②她因资历适合而被选中担任这项工作。
She was chosen for the job her
qualifications.?
③李教授进行了10年的科学研究,他的发现就是建立在这10年研究的基础
上的。
Professor Lee devoted ten years to his scientific research,
he based his discoveries.?
答案:①based on ②on the basis of ③on which
6.exist vi.存在;生存
归纳拓展 ①exist on靠……活下去;靠……生存
②exist in存在于
③(be) in existence现存的,存在
④come into existence开始存在,成立
⑤bring sth.into existence使……产生,使……成立
英文典例:
①As a result,humans developed a range of character types that
still exists today.(2016北京,七选五)
结果,人类形成了现在仍然存在的各种各样的性格类型。
②Few of these monkeys still exist in the wild.
这些猴子野生的已为数不多了。
③This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence.
这是现存最古老的希伯来语手稿。
④Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the
war.巴基斯坦在战后就以一个独立的国家存在了。
即学即用:完成句子
①我靠我挣的工资简直难以糊口。
I can hardly the wage I’m getting.?
②我一直确信无疑,只要你还在世,我准会在这里找到你。
I was always certain I’d find you here if you were still .
.?
答案:①exist on ②in existence
7.disagree vi.不同意,有分歧;不一致;不合适
归纳拓展 ①disagree with sb.on/about/over sth.就某事与某人
意见不合
②disagree with sb.(食物、气候等)对某人有不良影响;
使某人身体不适
③agree with 同意,赞成;与……一致;适合
④agree to 同意,赞成
⑤agree on/about 在……方面取得一致意见
英文典例:
①He disagreed with his parents on most things.
他在多数事情上都与父母意见不一。
②The climate here disagrees with me.
这儿的气候不适合我。
③Do you think he’ll agree to their proposal?
你认为他会同意他们的建议吗?
④They belong to the same party,but they don’t agree on
everything.他们属于同一个党派,但并不是在所有事情上都一致。
即学即用:完成句子
①学生们就去哪儿野营意见不一致。
The students where to go camping.?
②他开始不同意我的意见,但最终我还是说服了他。
I persuaded him who me at first!?
答案:①disagreed about/on/over ②disagreed with
8.strength n.力气,力量;长处
归纳拓展 ①(have) the strength to do sth.(有)做某事的力气
②strengths and weaknesses优势与劣势
③build up one’s strength增强体力
④with all one’s strength竭尽全力
英文典例:
①He pushed against the rock with all his strength.
他用全力推那块石头。
②She didn’t have the strength to walk any further.
她再也走不动了。
即学即用:完成句子
①我没有力气再往上爬了。
I don’t climb any further.?
②我们不能忽视公众舆论的力量。
We can’t ignore public opinion.?
答案:①have the strength to ②the strength of
9.convince vt.使确信,使相信
归纳拓展 ①convince sb.of sth.让某人相信某事
②convince sb.that-clause 让某人相信……
③convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事
④be/become convinced of sth./that-clause
确信/坚信某事
英文典例:
①You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。
②I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem
itself,not with me.(2016天津,阅读理解D)
我努力使自己确信麻烦在于问题本身,而不在于我。
③I am convinced that she is innocent.
我坚信她是清白无辜的。
即学即用:用convince的恰当形式填空
①I didn’t find the evidence you offered very .?
②I’ve been trying to Jean to come with me.?
③I was that we were doing the right thing.?
答案:①convincing ②convince ③convinced
10.due to 由于;约定,预定,预期
归纳拓展 ①due adj.应得的;正当的;应付的;预定的
②be due for sth.应有,应得到某物
③be due to do sth.预定/预期要做某事
④be due to sb.应给予某人;应支付给某人
英文典例:
①The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy
snow. (2016北京,完形填空)
由于大雪这个镇子和外部世界隔绝了。
②Have they been paid the money that is due to them?
他们应得的钱是否已得到了?
词语辨析:
because of “因为,由于”,构成的短语在句子中通常作状语,一般不作表语;后面可接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的名词性从句等。
due to “由于,因……造成”,引导的短语在句中除可作状语外,也可作表语。可将due to看作是owing to的同义短语。
on account of 当“因为”讲,后面常接名词。
owing to 构成的介词短语,在句中作状语或表语,作状语时,习惯上用逗号和句子其他部分分开。
thanks to “由于或因为”,通常用于好的方面,译为“多亏”,但有时也作反语。
The police are advising motorists to reduce speed because of the fog.
由于有雾,警察正在告诫驾车者减慢速度。
That Shelley became a poet may have been due to his mother’s influence.
Shelley成为诗人可能是由于受母亲的影响。
We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.
由于天气不好,我们将起程时间推迟了。
They decided to postpone the trip,owing to the bad weather.
由于天气不好他们决定推迟旅行。
Thanks to your help,we were successful.
多亏了你的帮助,我们得以成功。
即学即用:完成句子
①多亏了你的合理安排,一切进展顺利。
your perfect arrangement,everything goes
smoothly.?
②因为腿不方便,他行走很慢。
He walked slowly / /
his bad leg.?
③她因病没去上班。
She has been absent from work illness.?
答案:①Thanks to ②because of/owing to/as a result of ③due to
11.show up 出现,现身(=turn up,appear)
归纳拓展 ①show sb.up 使人尴尬,使人难堪
②show sth.up (使)看得见,变得明显
③show in/out 领某人进来/出去
④show off 卖弄;炫耀;夸耀;使……更显眼/更有吸引力
⑤show sb. around 领某人参观
英文典例:
①And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,before
tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解D)
在2007年平板电脑和电子阅读器出现之前,MP3播放器、智能手机和LCD电视机于
2002年进入家庭。
②But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways.
(2017全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C)
但不要期望它出现在许多道路上。
③He showed me up by snoring during the concert.
他在音乐会上呼呼大睡,真给我丢脸。
④He likes to show off how well he speaks French.
他喜欢向人展示他法语讲得有多好。
即学即用:用适当的副词填空
①The cracks in the wall show in the sunlight.?
②The hostess showed me and invited me to dine with her.?
③Let’s show him before putting him to work.?
答案:①up ②in ③around
12.make up 编造,杜撰;构成;化妆;弥补;和好
归纳拓展 ①make up for弥补;补偿
②be made up of由……组成
③make for向……移动;有助于;促进
④make out理解;辨认出
⑤make it获得成功;准时到达;渡过难关
英文典例:
①I told the kids a story,making it up as I went along.
我给孩子们讲了个故事,是现编的。
②We need one more person to make up a team.
我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。
③Nothing can make up for the loss of a child.
失去一个孩子是任何东西都无法弥补的。
④The doctors think he’s going to make it.
医生认为他能挺过去。
即学即用:用make短语填空
①Don’t make any more excuses for your coming late for
work,Jane.?
②What you’ve said will make the good relations between
the two people.?
③It’s natural to have dreams of success and fame,but only a few
people in this world actually make . ?
④I can’t make what that sign says;it’s still too far away.?
⑤Why don’t you make with her and forget all about your
quarrel??
答案:①up ②for ③it ④out ⑤up
13.look into 朝……里面看,往深处看;调查,审查
归纳拓展 ①look around/about 到处寻找;搜寻
②look out向外看,小心
③look down on/upon 俯视,蔑视
④look ahead to 展望未来
⑤look up向上看,查询
英文典例:
①A working party has been set up to look into the problem.
已成立一个工作小组来调查这个问题。
②She looks down on people who haven’t been to college.
她瞧不起没上过大学的人。
即学即用:语法填空
①Everyone looks down you,just because you’ve not got a job.?
②Thank you very much for the information,sir.I’ll get one of our
detectives to look the matter.?
③Look when you’re crossing the street.?
④When you ride in the street you must look in case you
bump into someone.?
答案:①on/upon ②into ③out ④about/around
14.belong to属于;为……的成员
英文典例:
①Think of the people who belong to book groups.
(2016全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C)
想想那些属于读书小组的人们吧。
②She packed her few belongings in a bag and left.
她把她的几件东西装进包里便离开了。
归纳拓展 ①belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态。
②belong表示“应该在某处,适合在某处”时后可接in,on,
among,under,with等。
③belongings n.财产,所有物
即学即用:语法填空
①The lion (belong) to meat-eating animals.?
②We all know that the USA is a country (belong) to the
developed countries.?
答案:①belongs ②belonging
15.I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying
outside.我把窗帘拉开,看到外面有一只巨大的飞船在(空中)飞着。
归纳拓展 ①see+宾语+do(不带to的动词不定式),表示看到宾语做某事
的全过程,宾语与不定式之间是逻辑主谓关系。
②see+宾语+doing,表示看到宾语正在做某事,宾语与分词之
间是逻辑主谓关系。
③see+宾语+done,表示看到某事被做,分词和宾语之间是动
宾关系。
英文典例:
①I saw him put the key in the lock,turn it and open the door.我看见他把钥
匙插进锁孔、转动钥匙,然后打开了门。
②She was seen running away from the scene of the crime.有人看见她从犯罪现
场跑开。
特别提示:与see用法相同的动词有:notice,watch,hear,feel,observe等。
①当主动语态的宾补是不带to的不定式时,在变成被动语态的时候则一定要加上不定
式符号to。如:He was seen to go into the restaurant.
有人看见他走进餐馆。
②主动语态的宾补在变成被动语态时称为主语的补足语。如:
I saw a plane flying to the north.=A plane was seen flying to the north.
我看到一架飞机正朝北方飞去。
即学即用:完成句子
①我感到风从开着的窗户吹到我的脸上。
I felt on my face from an open window.?
②几分钟前我看到他离开了。
I a few minutes ago. ?
③为了学好英语,我们应当尽可能多地找机会听别人说英语。
To learn English well,we should find opportunities to hear_______
as much as we can.?
答案:①the wind blowing ②saw him leave ③English spoken
16.Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin
and large black eyes.
里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。
本句为倒装句。正常语序是:Lots of strange creatures with white
skin and large black eyes were standing inside.
归纳拓展 ①当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语
是名词时,为了保持平衡或强调表语,常把表语放在句首,引起
句子完全倒装。句型结构为:分词/副词/形容词/介词短语+be+
主语。
②表示处所、方位、时间等的副词或介词,如here,there,now,
then,up,down,in,out,off等放在句首,且主语是名词,谓语通
常是be,lie,sit,stand,come,go,exist,live等不及物动词时,
句子用完全倒装。如果主语是代词则不倒装。
英文典例:
①Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.
我们使用洋油的日子已经过去了。
②Out flew a bird when he opened the door.
他一开门突然飞出一只鸟来。
③At the top of a hill stands a tree,which is said to be 200
years old.
山顶上有棵树,据说已有200年的历史了。
即学即用:完成句子
①当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,他从三楼跳了下去。
the criminal from the third floor when the
policeman pointed his pistol at him.?
②墙上挂的是我去年在山里拍的一些照片。
are the pictures I took in the
mountains last year.?
答案:①Down jumped ②Hanging on the wall
17.The Yeti is said to be a large,hairy animal that walks on two
feet like a human being.
据说,野人是一种体型较大、全身长毛、能像人类一样直立行走的动物。
归纳拓展 ①主语+is said+to do...
It is said that+主语+……
People say that+主语+……
三种结构可互换,意为“据说……”;“人们说……”。
②除say之外,常见的还有以下结构:
It is believed that...人们相信……
It is reported that...据报道……
It is supposed that...大家推测……
It is thought that...大家认为……
It is considered that...据认为……
It is proved that...据证明……
英文典例:
①He is said to have been a brilliant scholar.
据说他曾是个了不起的学者。
②It is said that she lived to be over 100.
据说她活了100多岁。
即学即用:句型转换
①It is reported that the woman teacher has been missing for half a
month.
The woman teacher _
missing for half a month.?
②Football is said to be a compulsory subject.
football will be a compulsory
subject.?
答案:①is reported to have been ②It is said that
Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained
能力提升题组训练(A)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2018辽宁部分重点高中协作校高三联考)
Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter orbiting a red giant star larger than the Sun and the planet is located some 290 million light years from the Earth.
Soto,a 25-year-old Ph.D.student in sciences at the University of Chile,worked for eight months using two telescopes at the La Silla Observatory,about 370 miles north of Santiago.Last November,she discovered the planet now bearing the designation HD 110014c and her work has now been published in a journal of the London Royal Astronomical Society.The discovery of planets orbiting red giant stars is “rare”,with only five such planets located around stars of that magnitude to date,she told EFE.
HD 110014c orbits its star at a distance about six-tenths the distance from the Sun to the Earth—or about the distance between Venus and the Sun.“It’s like imagining a planet three times bigger than Jupiter with the orbit of Venus around the Sun,” she said,adding that the red giant star is about twice the size of the Earth’s Sun.
Another planet had already been discovered orbiting the star,and now Soto’s work has added a second planet to that solar system.To find the planet,she used the so-called radial velocity (径向速度) methods of measuring the slight jiggling (晃动) movement of a star as a planet orbits around it considering that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own.“The planets are very weak compared to the stars and you have to use indirect methods to detect them.I analyzed the data that had been gathered over years to confirm the first planet and I discovered the second one orbiting the star,” she said.
1.What can we know about HD 110014c from the passage?
A.It’s about three times the size of Jupiter.
B.It is the first planet discovered in that solar system.
C.Its star is about 290 million light years from the Sun.
D.It orbits its star at the distance between the Sun and the Earth.
2.Why are planets not easy to discover?
A.It takes years to gather data.
B.They’re far away from the Earth.
C.Their signal is too weak to catch.
D.The existing technology is not mature.
3.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To describe how to discover a planet.
B.To tell an inspiring story of Maritza Soto.
C.To inform readers of a new discovery of a planet.
D.To stress the importance of discovering a planet.
4.Which section of a newspaper is the passage most likely to come from?
A.Geography. B.Science. C.Business. D.Environment.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。介绍了智利的天文学家Maritza Soto发现了新行星,它的体积是木星体积的三倍。
答案及剖析:
1.A 细节理解题。根据“Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter”可知,HD 110014c大约是Jupiter的体积的三倍大。故选A。
2.C 细节理解题。根据“...considering that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own”可知行星发出的信号很弱所以很难被发现。
3.C 写作目的题。根据文章第一段可知天文学家发现了一颗是木星的体积三倍大的行星,故本文目的是告知读者有关一个行星的新发现。故选C。
4.B 推理判断题。文章的内容是有关科学发现的,所以很可能出自于报纸的科技专栏。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2018华大新高考联盟教学质量测评)
When 8-year-old Wendy came home after school,she immediately burst into tears. She felt afraid for her family and disappointed in the robbers for their cruel actions.1. ?
She wrote a letter to the thieves and taped it to the window.The letter reads:“This is for the robbers.Please do not steal in our house.There are good kids and people in this house.”She continues,“Tell me why you are stealing and I will help you be a good person.”2. “If you start being nice,you will have friends that will be nice to you.”?
3. Mark Anthony Parrilla,Wendy’s next-door neighbor was so touched by her letter that he decided to do more.Mark has lovingly set up a GoFundMe page for the Son family,in the hopes of helping them regain what they lost during the robbery.?
In the meantime,Wendy is spreading positive words.She recently attended the Lake Worth Candidate Forum,where she read her letter to the politicians in attendance.4.
Wendy is thrilled that her letter has reached so many people,and is absorbing the positive energy of everyone’s responses.?
While the suspects have yet to be caught,she hopes that they have heard her message.5. ?
A.Wendy also offers a suggestion.
B.And what an inspiring way to send it!
C.But Wendy did not let fear control her.
D.She believes the robbers will not commit crime again.
E.Wendy’s brave act set a good example for her neighbors.
F.Wendy’s heartfelt effort has inspired local families to unite in support.
G.It was well received-the audience erupting in applause as soon as she finished reading.
答案:1-5 CAFGB
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2018东北三省四市高三二模)
Thinking of my good friends,I sense that my attitudes are totally different towards men and women.
My earliest childhood friend is Donald.In the street was a (an) 1 old German truck.No wheels.No doors.Each day, 2 we were flying over the Atlantic in that truck our “airplane”,there came that wonderful moment:“Engine 3 !” I’d shout,“We’ll have to jump out.” Glancing at me,he’d say,“I can’t 4 !” “Fear not! I’ll drag you to the 5 .”?
And when we swam 6 the dust,Donald cried “Sharks!” But I always 7 him.The next day,changing 8 ,Donald would do the same to me.We saved each other hundreds of times,but when my family really did leave for America,we could do 9 .We just cried silently as the train 10 .?
These days,Jessica is one of my best friends.Recently we were swimming at a beach in the Atlantic,the 11 one I had “flown” over in my German truck with Donald.We were far from shore when we both thought we 12 a shark! We began swimming 13 toward the shore.Although in 14 ,I fell back to protect her.In the end the “shark” proved 15 ,but not my deep emotional feeling for my friend.We looked into each other’s eyes and said,“I love you!”?
You see with women I could be 16 ,emotionally honest and transparent.With male friends,it seemed impossible to 17 caring feelings however deep the friendship was.“Am I normal?”?
I thought to myself.Much to my 18 ,researches show that men and women have very different 19 and rational (理性的) processes.I do love all my friends—only the means of expression 20 .?
1.A.advanced B.decorated C.abandoned D.updated
2.A.before B.while C.after D.until
3.A.loss B.death C.pressure D.failure
4.A.jump B.swim C.die D.run
5.A.dust B.river C.truck D.shore
6.A.over B.through C.across D.beyond
7.A.left B.fetched C.rescued D.defeated
8.A.roles B.manners C.images D.forms
9.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything
10.A.broke down B.moved in C.pulled away D.blew up
11.A.very B.last C.first D.only
12.A.attacked B.spotted C.annoyed D.killed
13.A.eagerly B.casually C.hardly D.crazily
14.A.panic B.hesitation C.doubt D.silence
15.A.fierce B.friendly C.imaginary D.true
16.A.cool B.shy C.passive D.open
17.A.express B.hide C.admit D.control
18.A.embarrassment B.disappointment C.relief D.surprise
19.A.emotional B.physical C.mental D.moral
20.A.changes B.develops C.matters D.differs
语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过叙述自己童年时候与朋友之间的经历,告诉人们每一个人表达爱和友情的方式是不同的。
答案及剖析:
1.C 根据下文的No wheels.No doors.的语境可知这个卡车是废弃的,故选C。
2.B while“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句。句意:每天当我们在那架旧式卡车上学飞机飞翔的时候,故选B。
3.D 根据下文的I’d shout,“We’ll have to jump out.”的语境可知引擎坏了要从“飞机”上跳下来,故选D。
4.B 根据上文的we were flying over the Atlantic和下文的Fear not! I’ll drag you...可知Donald说自己不会游泳,故选B。
5.D 根据上文的we were flying over the Atlantic可知作者说会把Donald拉到岸边,故选D。
6.B 根据下文的Donald cried “Sharks!”可知作者和朋友做游戏,他们假装跳入大海里遇到了鲨鱼,through表示从内部穿过,符合语境,故选B。
7.C 根据上文的Donald cried “Sharks!”可知此处前后是转折关系,作者救了他的朋友,故选C。
8.A 根据下文的Donald would do the same to me.可知,第二天他们会互换角色,故选A。
9.B 根据上文的but when my family really did leave for America可知作者要离开去美国了,故选B。
10.C 根据上文的We just cried silently 可知当火车开走时,作者和朋友什么都没有做,只是静静地哭着,故选C。
11.A 根据下文的I had “flown” over in my German truck with Donald可知此处表示“正是”,the very符合语境,表示强调,故选A。
12.B 根据上文的Recently we were swimming at a beach in the Atlantic和we both thought we 12 a shark!可知当时作者和Jessica在游泳,他们觉得看到了一条鲨鱼,故选B。?
13.D 根据上文的We were far from shore when we both thought we 12 a shark! 可知他们离海岸很远,所以看到鲨鱼时疯狂地向海岸边游去,故选D。?
14.A 根据后文I fell back to protect her可知前后句是转折关系,尽管恐慌,但作者还是回去保护Jessica,故选A。
15.C 根据下文的but not my deep emotional feeling for my friend.可知这条鲨鱼是想象出来的,故选C。
16.D 根据后文可知作者和女性在一起时可能会比较放得开,故选D。
17.A express feelings表示“表达情感”,符合语境,故选A。
18.C 根据上文的Am I normal?和下文的researches show that men and women have very different 19 and rational (理性的)processes可知研究的结果让作者欣慰,故选C。?
19.A 根据上文的emotionally honest and transparent和下文的rational (理性的)可知此处指感性和理性,故选A。
20.D 作者的确爱他所有的朋友——只是用的表达方式不同而已,故选D。
PAGE
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Unit 1 Tales of the unexplained
能力提升题组训练(B)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Climate affects health
When it comes to the effects of climate change,we usually think of melting icebergs(冰山) and rising sea levels.But few would imagine it could actually impact our mental health as well.
A recent study by ecoAmerica and the American Psychological Association found just that.It was discovered that disasters linked to climate change could cause shock due to personal injuries,loss of a loved one,damage to property or even the loss of livelihood.When the negative emotions caused by these events eventually go away,they may be replaced by longer-term mental impacts.
For example,both suicides and suicidal thoughts more than doubled among people in Louisiana,US,after Hurricane Katrina happened in 2005,according to the report. Nearly half of the people living in the affected area developed anxiety or a mood disorder such as depression.
However,disasters alone aren’t the only causes of climate change-related mental health problems.Changes in climate also harm agriculture,infrastructure(基础设施) and livability(宜居度),which in turn affect jobs and quality of life.As a result, some people are forced to leave their homes and become so-called climate refugees.
These effects can lead to a loss of personal and professional identity,or cause feelings of helplessness and fear.
The effects can also have an impact on physical health.High levels of stress and anxiety are linked to conditions such as a weakened immune system.
In addition,climate change is influencing the way communities interact(互动).Both long-term effects such as droughts and extreme weather,such as hurricanes, have been shown to make people more aggressive according to earlier studies.
But there is no need to panic.The authors of the report suggested several strategies people can use to cope with the negative mental impacts of climate change.Susan Clayton,lead author of the report and a professor of psychology at the College of Wooster,US,said the most important thing is to encourage social connections,make people feel more secure and give them greater access to information.
Another important factor is being prepared.
“The fact that most of us ignore climate change makes the effects worse because we don’t really know what to expect and it seems scary and unknown”,Clayton told The Washington Post.
“But if we inform ourselves that that’s what is likely to happen in our area,we would be more prepared and in control of the situation.”she added.
1.The article mainly talks about .?
A.the negative emotions caused by natural disasters
B.why certain people react to climate change differently
C.the effects of climate change on mental health and some possible solutions
D.how the study of negative feelings led to a better understanding of climate change
2.Which of the following people could be called a climate refugee?
A.A farmer who lost his kids in Hurricane Katrina.
B.A fisherman who gave up his home due to rising sea levels.
C.A man who experienced a typhoon suffering from depression.
D.A woman who is extremely afraid of stormy weather.
3.We can learn from the last four paragraphs that .?
A.climate change has become a widely recognized public issue
B.the public needs immediate access to information about climate change
C.the threat of climate change is not as big as it seems
D.the influence of climate change could be reduced if people prepared more
语篇解读:本文是议论文。本文指出气候对人体的影响及相关应对措施。
答案及剖析:
1.C 主旨大意题。全文指出气候改变对人体尤其是精神方面的影响及应对措施。故C项 正确。
2.B 推理判断题。由第四段“As a result,some people are forced to leave their homes and become so-called climate refugees”可知,由于天气变化的原因被迫弃家而去的一些人称之为climate refugees,可推知B项正确。
3.D 推理判断题。由后四段尤其是最后两段的具体描述和倒数第三段的论断可知D项正确。
B
The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”.I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C),thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air,I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools,wine tasting,and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours,not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend,but the best part-particularly to my taste,dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables-was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
The market,which was founded in 1979,sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m.,rain or shine,along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries;the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all,the tomatoes: amazing,large,soft and round red tomatoes.
Disappointed by many a broken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise,I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store,once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.But I homed in,with uncertainty,on one particular table at the Brown’s Grove Farm’s stand,full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal-and at that moment,I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn’t be experiencing again for months.
Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,where-luckily for me-I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu,I knew I’d be ordering every tomato on it.
4.What did the author think of her winter life in New York?
A.Exciting. B.Boring. C.Relaxing. D.Annoying.
5.What made the author’s getting up early worthwhile?
A.Having a swim.
B.Breathing in fresh air.
C.Walking in the morning sun.
D.Visiting a local farmers’ market.
6.What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?
A.They are soft. B.They look nice.
C.They taste great. D.They are juicy.
7.What was the author going to do that evening?
A.Go to a farm. B.Check into a hotel.
C.Eat in a restaurant. D.Buy fresh vegetables.
语篇解读:本文为一篇记叙文。作者冬季去佛罗里达州的萨拉索塔度假,游泳池、品酒以及粉红色的晚霞都令作者陶醉不已。但是,最吸引作者的并不是这些,那么,到底是什么呢?大家快来读一读文章吧!
答案及剖析:
4.B 推理判断题。由第一段中的The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter和dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables可知,作者厌倦了纽约的冬天,因为那里根本没有乐趣,同时也厌倦了冬天的根茎蔬菜,所以可以推断出作者认为纽约的冬天是令人厌烦、枯燥和单调的。故选B项。A项exciting“令人兴奋的”,显然与作者真实的感受相反;C项relaxing“令人放松的”,文中体现不出作者明显的放松情绪;annoying“令人恼怒的”,作者只是感觉“枯燥、单调”,并非“恼怒”。
5.D 细节理解题。根据题干关键信息词worthwhile可以定位到第一段的最后一句。由...the best part...was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.可知,作者认为,早起去萨拉索塔农贸市场很值得,因此选D项。
6.B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的...I’ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.可知,作者在纽约已经好多年不买冬季出售的西红柿了,然后通过No matter how attractive they look in the store,once I get them home they’re unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.可知,纽约冬季出售的西红柿只是看起来好看,但是吃着发干、很硬而且无味。故B项正确。A、C、D三项与作者所描述的纽约冬季出售的西红柿的现实情况相反,故排除。
7.C 推理判断题。根据题干关键信息词that evening可定位到最后一段中的...I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.,句中的that very night是关键信息词。由此可知,这个农场是Jack Dusty(一个新开的饭馆)的一个(蔬菜和水果)供应商,而幸运的是作者那晚正好要去这个位于Sarasota Ritz Carlton的饭馆吃饭。故C项正确。此处并未提到“晚上去一个农场”“入住一家宾馆”,因此可以排除A、B两项。文章最后一句话说的是在那个饭馆直接点(order)每一道带西红柿的菜,而不是D项所说的“买新鲜的蔬菜”。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2018福建厦门质检)
Last year,I met my friend Steve at a party.He invited me to take part in a teaching project over the winter break in Cambodia.The more he talked about it,the more 1.
(interest) I became.I left the party 2. (think) I might actually do it.?
My immediate excitement gave in to 3. (excuse) as the weeks passed.The trip would be expensive,I 4. (have) less time to spend with my family over the winter break,and I hadn’t really traveled before.Most of all,I was terrified of taking the risk.?
On the day I made my decision,I suddenly 5. (feel) as if I had opened my eyes 6. (final) and seen myself clearly.I had moved away from home,almost graduated from college 7. overcome several small-scale fears.I could not let fear get in the way of a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.So I took the challenge.?
Before the trip,I hadn’t known 8. I wanted to do after graduation.Now I am planning on teaching English abroad.I am still amazed by my experience and thankful for everything it has taught 9. (I).Now I am not afraid to take on challenges and have faith 10. myself.?
语篇解读:本文为记叙文。去年我的朋友史蒂夫邀请我在寒假期间去柬埔寨任教,我欣然接 受了。
答案及剖析:
1.interested 考查形容词。本题采用了“The more...,the more...”句型。设空处作系动词became的表语,故用形容词形式。
2.thinking 考查非谓语动词。think与主语I之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故答案为thinking。
3.excuses 考查名词复数。根据下文可推知借口不止一个,故设空处填excuse的复数形式excuses。
4.would have 考查时态。设空处表示过去将来的事情,故用过去将来时。
5.felt 考查时态。设空处表示过去的情况,故用一般过去时。
6.finally 考查副词。设空处需用副词作状语。
7.and 三个动词为递进关系,故用and连接。
8.what “ I wanted to do”为宾语从句,该从句缺少宾语且表示“事物”,故用what引导。?
9.me 考查代词。设空处需用代词宾格形式作taught的宾语。
10.in 考查介词。have faith in为固定短语,意为:信任。
Ⅲ.短文改错
When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so,we’ll live to regret it.
答案:When I was a child,I hoped to live in the city.I I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city,but I miss my home in ∧the countryside.There the air is clean the mountains are green.Unfortunately, the development of industrialization,the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been\ shown that global warming has already become a very problem.The we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. rare animals are dying out.We must ways to protect environment.If we fail to do so,we’ll live to regret it.
剖析:考查时态。前句是一般过去时,且本复合句的从句用了过去将来时,故此处应用一般过去时,以符合“时态一致”原则。小时候,我希望在城市里居住。我原以为在那里我会很幸福。 是过去以为,要用一般过去时态。
考查冠词。城市生活与乡村生活对比,此处特指乡村,所以用in the countryside。
考查连词。乡村的空气是干净的,大山是翠绿翠绿的。前后是并列关系。
考查介词with。with表示“随着……”。
考查语态。此处表示“研究表明”,所以用主动语态。
考查形容词修饰名词。用形容词修饰名词problem,不能用副词形式。a very serious problem一个非常严重的问题。
考查名词单复数。air“空气”是不可数名词,不能用复数形式。
考查限定词。many修饰后面的可数名词复数animals。
考查情态动词。情态动词后要用动词原形。
考查代词。前后代词要一致,前面的主语为we,所以此处应该用our或the。
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