Unit 4 Cyberspace
[学生用书P29]
单句语法填空
1．We are likely ____________(place) a large order with you if the price is reasonable.
答案：to place
2．I found ____________ impossible to finish all the work in only three days.
答案：it
3．They have been looking for ____________(science) methods of farming since ten years ago.
答案：scientific
4．You can practice under the ____________(guide) of someone who’s good at the language.
答案：guidance
5．These plays were a popular form of ____________(entertain) in the 1920s and 1930s.
答案：entertainment
6．Lily used to exercise ____________(regular), but I seldom see her exercise now.
答案：regularly
7．Workers in some industries have their hearing ____________(harm) by the noise of the machines.
答案：harmed
8．Later, he made ____________ suggestion that we should go out for a walk.
答案：a
9．If I were you，I ____________(seize) the chance to go abroad and make good use of it.
答案：would seize
10．No hurry，Bill.If we take a taxi，we ____________(get) there on time for the concert.
答案：will get
单句改错
1．Injuring during the football match the boy was examined by a doctor.____________________
答案：Injuring→Injured
2．On view of your present bad mood，you’d better put off the work till next week.____________________
答案：On→In
3．If she returned an hour earlier，she wouldn’t have been caught in the rain.____________________
答案：returned前加had
4．We welcome customers to get in the touch with us with their concerns. ____________________
答案：去掉the
5．After a fierce quarrel，the couple settled down to do some cleaning at home.____________________
答案：do→doing
单元语法——will/be going to 表示将来的用法；虚拟语气(Ⅰ)
单句语法填空
1．I heard that Ann was injured just now. I ____________(go) to see her this afternoon.
答案：will go
2．If I ____________(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him to come to attend my wedding.
答案：saw
3．(2016·天津卷)I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I would ____________(injure)．
答案：have been injured
4．I ____________(take) my driving test tomorrow and now I am a little worried.
答案：am going to take
5．Without the Internet，our life ____________(be) quite different nowadays.
答案：would be
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Internet 1.____________(grow) rapidly in the last thirty years，2.____________ some experts are pessimistic about the future of the Internet.Now some hackers can get 3.____________ the computers of banks and governments while in the future even terrorists may “attack” the world’s computers，4.____________(cause) great damage.However，there are many people 5.____________ are optimistic about the future of the Internet. 6.____________ has convinced them is that people can do many things such as 7.____________(buy) books and finding out about holiday offers from the Internet.Here are some people’s predictions.There will be a huge 8.____________(grow) in shopping on the Internet and we will get 9.____________(entertain) from the Internet，so that television will disappear as well as the mail service.The use of computers with sounds and pictures will make you feel as if you are in a real situation and virtual 10.____________(real) will become a part of modern life.
答案：1.has grown 2.but 3.into 4.causing 5.who
6．What 7.buying 8.growth 9.entertainment
10．reality
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．过去，王先生是一个上网成瘾者。 (fancy)
2．上网成瘾给他造成了很大的伤害。(harm)
3．面对他的情况，他的朋友和家人都劝他停止上网，但是他不听。(as well as)
4．两年之后，他的身体明显变得很虚弱，他不得不接受了医生的建议，停止上网。(obvious)
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(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
Mr.Wang used to fancy surf the Internet very much.As a result，addiction the Internet harmed him great.Faced with his condition，his friends as well as his family tried to persuade him to stop it but he wouldn’t listen to.Two years later，it was obvious which he became too weak, so he had to take a doctor’s suggestion and quitted surfing the Internet.
答案：
Mr.Wang used to fancy the Internet very much.As a result，addiction the Internet harmed him .Faced with his condition，his friends as well as his family tried to persuade him to stop it but he wouldn’t listen .Two years later，it was obvious he became too weak, so he had to take a doctor’s suggestion and quitted surfing the Internet.
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必修2
BI XIU ER
Unit 4 Cyberspace
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 4 Cyberspace
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P248(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·武汉部分学校新高三调研测试)KIPP schools work closely with families to create a welcoming school environment where students can succeed. Through phone calls, emails, home visits, and parent－teacher conferences, KIPP schools regularly communicate with families about their child’s academic development to help students from educationally underserved communities develop the knowledge, skills, character, and habits needed to succeed in college and the competitive world beyond.
Enroll(注册) at a KIPP school
KIPP schools are tuition－free, public schools open to all students. To enroll your child in a KIPP school, please contact the school in your community directly by phone or email.
A safe and structured environment
Students need physical and emotional safety in order to take risks and learn from their successes and their mistakes. Our schools provide an environment with minimal distractions(使人分心的事) and more time for academic studies, so our students love school and maximize their learning.
A three－way partnership
By choosing KIPP, students, parents, and teachers make a commitment to excellence. All three parties are in it together. They sign an agreement called the “Commitment to Excellence”， which ensures that each will do whatever it takes to help the student learn.
All KIPP schools share a common approach and yet every KIPP school is unique. Tour a school to better understand the culture, schedule, and curriculum.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国KIPP学校，包括家校互通的方式，注册方法以及安全、有条理的教学环境等。
1．Who are allowed to be admitted to KIPP schools?
A．Students from all classes.
B．Students with good talents.
C．Students from poor families.
D．Students with special education.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“KIPP schools are tuition－free, public schools open to all students.”可知，KIPP学校是免费对所有学生开放的公立学校。据此可知，各个阶层的学生都可以申请入学KIPP学校，故A项正确。
2．Why does KIPP offer a structured environment for students?
A．To communicate with each other.
B．To reduce parents’ worries.
C．To lengthen the time in learning.
D．To share their experience.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“Our schools provide an environment with minimal distractions(使人分心的事) and more time for academic studies, so our students love school and maximize their learning.”可知，KIPP学校提供有条理的教学环境旨在延长学生的学习时间，使学生热爱学校、并使他们的学习效果最大化，故C项正确。
3．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?
A．To attract tourists.
B．To make a summary.
C．To introduce the school.
D．To make a suggestion.
D 解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段“All KIPP schools share a common approach and yet every KIPP school is unique. Tour a school to better understand the culture, schedule, and curriculum.”可知，所有的KIPP学校都有一个共同的方法，然而每个KIPP学校都是独一无二的；你可以参观一所KIPP学校，以更好地了解校园文化、时间表和课程。据此可以判断，最后一段旨在提出参观一所KIPP学校的建议，故D项正确。
B
(2019·太原第一学期高三年级阶段测评)Nothing succeeds like success, as every parent of a straight?A student knows, but trying to stress academic excellence by telling your child “You’re so smart！” may be counterproductive．Why? According to a 2017 study, children who think their intelligence is fixed are less likely to pay attention to and bounce back(重整旗鼓) from mistakes than children who think intelligence can grow and change.
In the study, researchers looked at 123 children.The team assessed the children to determine whether they had a “growth mindset” (believing that you can work harder to get smarter), or a“fixed mindset”(believing that your intelligence is unable to change)．They then asked the children to complete a fast?paced computer accuracy task while their brain activity was recorded.During the recording, researchers noted that brain activity stopped within a half?second after making a mistake, as children became aware of their mistake and paid closer attention to what went wrong.The larger the brain response was, the more the child focused on the mistake.Based on the data, they concluded that children with a “growth mindset” were much more likely to have a larger brain response after making a mistake.While children with a “fixed mindset” were able to“bounce back”， only if they gave their full attention to the mistake.
For parents, the lessons are clear: Don’t pay your children compliments that suggest that intelligence is fixed. If your children hands you an A＋ score, don’t say, “You’re so smart！” Instead, say，“Wow, that studying really paid off！” or “You clearly mastered this material—way to go！” Note the effort, not the intelligence.
Besides, many parents shy away from addressing their children’s mistakes, telling them “It’s OK. You’ll get it the next time” without offering them the chances to figure out what goes wrong. Instead, it’s better to reassure your children that mistakes happen, and work to figure out where and how they make the mistake.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了父母要留意孩子的努力而非智力，在孩子犯错后，父母要引导孩子正确地对待错误。
4．Which of the following best explains “counterproductive” underlined in Paragraph 1?
A．Opposite. B．Competitive.
C．Successful. D．Unknown.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，根据2017年的一项研究，那些认为自己的智力是固定的孩子比那些认为智力是可以成长和改变的孩子更不可能将注意力集中于错误，并从错误中振作起来。再结合语境可推知，画线词与A项“相反的”含义相近。
5．How did the children with a “growth mindset” react in the study?
A．They made fewer mistakes.
B．They tried to avoid mistakes.
C．They had a smaller brain response.
D．They focused more on the mistake.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第三句和倒数第二句可推知，具有“成长思维模式”的孩子更加关注其所犯的错误。
6．What should be avoided according to the study?
A．Overstressing the intelligence.
B．Paying children compliments.
C．Addressing children’s mistakes.
D．Offering chances to find mistakes.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，应避免过分强调智力。
7．What should parents say when children make a mistake according to the text?
A．You are so careless.
B．Your studying paid off.
C．You’ll get it the next time.
D．Let’s find out how you made it.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，当孩子犯错误时，父母应与其一起弄清错的地方以及如何犯错的。
C
(2019·长春普通高中高三质量检测)Pangolins(穿山甲) are strange－looking creatures, covered with hard scales(鳞). They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies.
Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people. A screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread. A few days later, people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals, including pangolins.
Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg. Many more pangolins have been hunted or killed. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN), more than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years. It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world. In September 2016, the IUCN added the pangolin to the world’s “endangered animals list”. They are now more endangered than pandas.
A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in number. Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious. Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities. However, their scales are made of keratin(角蛋白), the same material human fingernails are made of.
Luckily, the situation is getting better. World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year. It’s a day to help people know more about pangolins. The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China. Breaking this law is regarded as a crime, and the trade of pangolins across the world is also not allowed, according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
【解题导语】 这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了穿山甲濒临灭绝的现状，以及为保护穿山甲而采取的举措。
8．Pangolins have caught people’s attention these years because________．
A．they look strange
B．they appear in some movies
C．they are killed and eaten by people
D．they have something to do with pandas
C 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“attention”和“these years”，我们把答案定位在第二段。该段开头说，穿山甲近来成为中国人关注的焦点，然后提到一张屏幕截图和一些图片里，穿山甲成为人们的盘中珍馐，这与C项的描述是一致的。
9．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Pangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies.
B．More than 1 million pangolins were killed or sold last year.
C．Pangolins were named the most endangered animal in 2016.
D．The pangolin is a kind of mammals.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一种哺乳动物。故选D项。
10．The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to________．
A．attract people to the zoo to watch pangolins
B．lift people’s awareness of protecting pangolins
C．remind people of pangolins’ medical value
D．explain the law to people
B 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我们把答案定位在最后一段。该段主要陈述为保护穿山甲而采取的举措，而这个节日能让人们更多地了解穿山甲，从而提高人们保护穿山甲的意识，故B项符合题意。
11．What might be the author’s attitude towards the measures taken to protect pangolins?
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Disappointed. D．Unconcerned.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，中国政府禁止任何人购买和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止买卖穿山甲，局面正在好转，由此可推知作者觉得这些措施是有效的，因此选A。
D
(2019·长沙高中毕业生五月供题)The artists in Madhubani district of India have been painting trees and leaves, with coats of lively colors describing pictures of Hindu deities(印度神). In the past three years since the painting campaign was started, many trees in that area which normally were the targets for local villagers have survived the axes(斧子)．
The tree art, in the style of the world?famous Madhubani painting, has now made the entire area so beautiful that passersby can’t resist taking photos. Madhubani painting, also known as Mithila painting, is a style of Indian painting practised in the northeastern region of Bihar which is done with fingers, brushes and even matchsticks using natural colors and is characterised by eye?catching patterns. There are paintings for various occasions and festivals—such as births, marriages—and also about Hindu tales.
“Normally, the Hindus almost stopped cutting trees down once we painted the tree trunks with different pictures of deities，” Siya Devi, one of the artists associated with the tree painting campaign, says.“Previously, the sight of people cutting roadside trees was quite common. Now it gives us much satisfaction to see the crowds of tourists paying visits to this particular area to see the painted trees and take photos.”
The idea is the brainchild of a local villager Shashthi Nath Jha who has been working for Gram Vikas Parishad, a nongovernmental organization, which helps to protect the rights of women and child labor.
“The sight of people cutting down trees with axes and saws always gave me a lot of pain. I tried to convince them this wasn’t good for environment but they never took it seriously. So I finally thought of the plan to paint scenes from Hindu classics or pictures of Gods on the tree bark thinking it can work significantly, and yes, it has begun working now，” claims Jha.
【解题导语】 该文主要讲述了印度马杜巴尼地区的艺术家在树木和叶子上画画，从而拯救了树木的故事。
12．What can we know about the tree art?
A．It makes no use of artificial colors.
B．It cannot be done without brushes.
C．It is a style popular throughout India.
D．It focuses on traditional Indian festivals.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的关键信息“using natural colors”可知，这种艺术采用天然色素而非人工颜料来绘画，故选A。
13．According to the text, Shashthi Nath Jha ________．
A．works in the government
B．is the creator of the campaign
C．is strongly against child labor
D．is the designer of a local village
B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The idea is the brainchild of a local villager Shashthi Nath Jha who has been working for Gram Vikas Parishad, a nongovernmental organization, which helps to protect the rights of women and child labor.”可知，Shashthi Nath Jha是这项运动的发起人，故选B。
14．What can be inferred about the plan from Jha’s words?
A．It has freed him from pain.
B．It came quite easily to him.
C．It is as effective as expected.
D．It hasn’t been taken seriously.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“So I finally thought of the plan to paint scenes from Hindu classics or pictures of Gods on the tree bark thinking it can work significantly, and yes, it has begun working now”可推知，活动很成功，取得了预期的效果，故选C。
15．What can be the best title for the text?
A．A New Art Form—Tree Art
B．Making Better Use of Trees
C．How to Increase the Value of Trees
D．Painting Campaign Helps Save Trees
D 解析：标题归纳题。文章的第一段开篇点题，印度马杜巴尼地区的艺术家在树木和叶子上画画，从而拯救了树木，再结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是绘画运动使树木免遭砍伐，故选D。
七选五
(2019·成都诊断性检测)Do you know that intelligence can be developed？Do you realize it doesn’t matter how smart you are but how hard you can work to grow？1.________In her book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, Carol Dweck shares years of research conducted to prove it’s not just talent that determines success but whether we approach a situation with the right mindset. Having a growth mindset has many, many benefits.
2．________Having a growth mindset encourages you to not look at a deficit(不足额) as a deficit in ability but one of learning and that is one which can easily be achieved. This naturally has an impact on your sense of self?worth.
Enjoy the process of learning. With a growth mindset, you look forward to acquiring new skills and absorbing new knowledge. You realize that everything that you learn can help you improve and become a better person.3.________
Increase your confidence. According to Dweck and her fellow researchers “...in the growth framework, having clear deficits doesn’t mean you aren’t or won’t be good at something. It’s simply an occasion for learning. 4.________You just need to believe in improvement over time.”
Don’t get confused by setbacks(挫折). When you have a growth mindset, you don’t view a setback as something that sets you back.5.________Dweck shares, “Despite setbacks—or even because of them—they find ways to keep themselves committed and interested.”
A．Seek challenges.
B．Improve your sense of self?worth.
C．So you should never ignore the importance of learning.
D．It can affect all areas of your life, from business to love.
E．You view it as an opportunity to get better and stronger.
F．Moreover, you don’t need a full load of confidence to set about learning.
G．If so, you’re one of the fortunate few who are blessed with a growth mindset.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。 主要论述成功不仅仅是靠天赋，而是靠后天的努力和成长的心态。
1．G 解析：根据空处后一句“In her book, Mindset：The New Psychology of Success, Carol Dweck shares years of research conducted to prove it’s not just talent that determines success but whether we approach a situation with the right mindset.”可知，Carol Dweck在她的书中分享了多年的研究来证明：决定成功的不仅仅是天赋，而是我们是否用正确的心态来处理事情；该句中的“the right mindset”和G项中的“a growth mindset”相匹配，故G项正确。
2．B 解析：空处为第二段的主题句，根据该段尾句“This naturally has an impact on your sense of self?worth.”可知，该段主要介绍提高自我价值感的建议，故B项正确。
3．C 解析：根据空处前一句“You realize that everything that you learn can help you improve and become a better person.”可知，你意识到你所学到的所有东西都能帮助你进步，让你成为一个更好的人，该句说明了学习的重要性，故C项与此处匹配。
4．F 解析：根据该段主题句“Increase your confidence.”可知，该段主要介绍提高自信心的建议，F项中的“confidence”与此处匹配，故F项正确。
5．E 解析：根据语境可知，当你有成长的心态，就不会把挫折看成阻碍，而是看作让你变得更好、更强的机会，故E项正确。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P251(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·福州高中毕业班质检)I was once in an unusual sociology(社会学) class at Brandeis. Each week we studied the __1__we interacted with one another, and how we __2__ to anger, envy and attention. We were human lab rats. More often, someone __3__ crying. I referred to it as the “touchy?feely” course. Mr. Brown said I should be more __4__．
One day, Mr. Brown said he had an __5__ for us to try. We were to stand, facing away from our classmates and __6__ backward, relying on another student to __7__ us. Most of us were __8__ with this, and we couldn’t let go for more than a few inches __9__ stopping ourselves. We laughed in __10__．
Finally, a thin, quiet girl, whom I noticed almost always wear the same clothes, crossed her arms over her chest, __11__ her eyes and leaned back, just like one of those Lipton tea ads __12__ the model dived into the pool.
For a moment, I was __13__ she was going to fall on the floor. At the __14__ moment, her partner held her head and __15__ and pulled her up.
“Whoa！”several students yelled. Some __16__．
Mr. Brown finally smiled.
“You see，” he said to the girl，“you closed your eyes. That was the __17__. Sometimes you cannot believe what you see. You have to believe what you __18__. And if you’re ever going to have other people __19__ you, you must feel that you can trust them, __20__， even when you’re in the dark, even when you’re falling.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了Brown老师通过一堂练习课让作者及其同学体会到了信任的力量的故事。
1．A.behaviour B．ways
C．courses D．relationship
B 解析：每周我们都学习与他人互动的方式(ways)。behaviour“行为”；course“课程”；relationship“关系”。
2．A.responded B．objected
C．stuck D．referred
A 解析：根据语境及上文中的“the ______ we interacted with one another”可知，此处表示我们如何对愤怒、妒忌和关注做出反应。respond to“对……做出反应”；object to“反对”；stick to“坚持”；refer to“查阅，参考”。
3．A.went on B．gave up
C．put off D．ended up
D 解析：该句后面的句子表示我把它称作“情绪化”的课程，该句与该句后一句构成因果关系，作者之所以称之为情绪化课程，是因为有人在互动中对上面提到的感情的反应常常是哭泣，故end up“最后处于”符合文意。go on“继续”；give up“放弃”；put off“推迟”。
4．A.skillful B．honest
C．open?minded D．energetic
C 解析：此处是Brown老师给作者提的建议——作者的思想应该更加开明(open?minded)。skillful“熟练的”；honest“诚实的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。
5．A.arrangement B．order
C．introduction D．exercise
D 解析：根据后面的内容可知，Brown老师要我们练习身体往后仰这个动作。exercise“练习”符合语境。arrangement“安排”；order“命令”；introduction“序言，导论”。
6．A.jumped B．moved
C．fell D．ran
C 解析：根据下文中的“leaned back”和“she was going to fall on the floor”可知选C。
7．A.catch B．pull
C．control D．support
A 解析：根据下文中的“her partner held her head... up”可知选A。catch“接住”。
8．A.dissatisfied B．uncomfortable
C．pleased D．familiar
B 解析：根据“we couldn’t let go for more than a few inches ______ stopping ourselves”可知，此处表示我们大部分人因为这感到不舒适(uncomfortable)。dissatisfied“不满意的”；pleased“高兴的”；familiar“熟悉的”。
9．A.before B．after
C．while D．until
A 解析：根据语境可知，此处指停下做向后倾的动作之前，故选A。
10．A.surprise B．excitement
C．delight D．embarrassment
D 解析：根据上下文可知，在做这个练习时，身体稍稍往后倾斜，同学们就不敢做了，这时他们会感到尴尬(embarrassment)。
11．A.fixed B．opened
C．closed D．touched
C 解析：根据下文中的“you closed your eyes”可知选C。fix“固定”；open“打开”；touch“触摸”。
12．A.every time B．as though
C．when D．where
D 解析：分析句子结构可知，ads后面的部分为定语从句，修饰先行词Lipton tea ads, ads表示“广告”，空处在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。every time“每当”；as though“似乎”；when“当……时”。
13．A.sorry B．shocked
C．sure D．puzzled
C 解析：根据下文中的“At the ______ moment, her partner held her head and ______ and pulled her up.”可推知，空处所在句表示“我”肯定(sure)她将要摔倒在地板上了。sorry“遗憾的”；shocked“震惊的”；puzzled“感到困惑的”，都不符合语境。
14．A.unusual B．crazy
C．exciting D．last
D 解析：at the last moment表示“在最后一刻”，故选D。
15．A.shoulders B．attention
C．legs D．chance
A 解析：根据常识可知，要把即将倒地的人拉起来，应该是抱住人的头和双肩。attention“注意”；leg“腿”；chance“机会”，都不符合语境。
16．A.wept B．clapped
C．laughed D．sighed
B 解析：“several students yelled”反映了同学们的激动，因此同学们会为其鼓掌(clapped)。weep“流泪”； laugh“笑”；sigh“叹息”。
17．A.success B．difference
C．result D．requirement
B 解析：根据上下文可知，闭着眼和睁着眼是不一样(difference)的。
18．A.feel B．notice
C．hold D．meet
A 解析：根据上下文可知，Brown老师之所以认为闭着眼不一样，是因为他认为人们有时不相信他们所看到的，但有时却不得不相信他们所感受(feel)到的。
19．A.stand by B．rely on
C．believe in D．call for
C 解析：空处照应后面的trust，故选C项。stand by“支持”；rely on“依靠，依赖”；call for“需要，要求”。
20．A.however B．too
C．though D．therefore
B 解析：如果你要让别人信任你，你必须感觉你也(too)能够信任他们。
语法填空
(2019· 辽宁五校联合模拟)The car company Volvo said all its cars 1.____________(have) an electric motor from 2019.It will stop making cars that use only petrol engines.2.____________ plans to sell five fully electric cars and some hybrid cars(混合动力车) by 2021.Volvo is the first big carmaker 3.____________(stop) making cars with only petrol engines.It said，“People increasingly demand electrified cars，4.____________ we want to respond to our customers’ current and future needs.”
More and more car companies are now selling cars 5.____________ electric engines.The US?based company Tesla makes only all?electric cars.Its stock market value is now 25 percent 6.____________(high) than that of Ford Motor Company，which 7.____________(start) in 1903.Tesla 8.____________(recent) announced that it will make 20，000 of its Model 3 cars a month by December.Volvo hopes to sell a million electrified cars by 2025.In addition，it hopes to have changed its 9.____________ (factory) to be more environmentally friendly.It hopes to have 10.____________ it calls “climate?neutral” manufacturing.Volvo said its plans will mean the company will have one of the widest ranges of electrified cars of any carmaker in the world.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了沃尔沃汽车公司为满足顾客对于电动汽车的需求，将于2019年实现全面生产电动汽车。
1．will have 解析：根据句中的时间状语“from2019”可知，该句应用一般将来时态。故填will have。
2．It 解析：分析句子成分可知，此处缺主语，主语指代的是The car company Volvo，所以用it作主语指代沃尔沃汽车公司。故填It。
3．to stop 解析：当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后要用不定式结构作后置定语。本句名词carmaker前有序数词“the first”修饰，故填to stop。
4．and 解析：“人们对电动汽车的需求在不断增加”与“我们想要对客户当前及未来的需求作出回应”两分句之间为顺承关系。故应用并列连词来表示顺承关系。故填and。
5．with 解析：本句句意：越来越多的汽车公司正在销售有电子引擎的汽车。介词with意为“具有，带，有”，符合语境。故填with。
6．higher 解析：根据空后的“than”可知，此处应填该词的比较级。故填higher。
7．started 解析：分析句子结构可知，本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代Ford Motor Company，所以start和它的逻辑主语之间为主动关系，再结合后面的时间状语“in 1903”可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填started。
8．recently 解析：此处表示“最近宣布”，因此用副词形式作状语。故填recently。
9．factories 解析：因为Volvo汽车公司有很多的工厂，所以此处应用其复数形式。故填factories。
10．what 解析：分析句子结构可知，have后缺少宾语成分，因此其后的从句为宾语从句；而宾语从句中谓语动词calls后也缺少宾语，故用what引导该宾语从句，并在从句中充当宾语成分。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P252(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试)Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years.They may vary from place to place and time to time，but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people，61._____________(cause) a far?reaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives.The traditional Chinese marriage usually 62._____________(involve) some necessary procedures，such as match?making，engagement，meeting the bride，and three bows. 63._____________addition，a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like this—when a new couple is engaged，64.____________follows is a 65.____________(choose) of the date of their marriage.
Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festival for their relatives and friends 66.____________(attend) the wedding.However，quite a few others，especially 67.____________in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”．The wedding ceremony is usually hosted 68._____________(warm) and the wedding ceremony very often ends with 69.____________unique banquet.Toasts are made to wish the new couple long life，everlasting love and happiness，early birth of a 70.___________(health) baby and so on.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的婚俗习惯。
61．causing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处表示自然而然的结果，主语They和动词cause之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。
62．involves 解析：考查主谓一致。根据该句中的usually可知，此处表示经常发生的动作，故用一般现在时；主语The traditional Chinese marriage为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用单数形式。
63．In 解析：考查固定搭配。in addition为固定搭配，意为“此外，除此之外”。
64．what 解析：考查主语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用what引导该主语从句。
65．choice 解析：考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，空处应用名词形式。
66．to attend 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式作目的状语。
67．those 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，空处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，故用代词those。
68．warmly 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词hosted，故用副词形式。
69．a 解析：考查冠词。空后的banquet为可数名词，表示泛指，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
70．healthy 解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词baby，表示“一个健康的婴儿”，故用形容词healthy。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·辽宁五校协作体联考)Challenges of life are of great importance in our grow. They remind me my days in senior high school which I joined in the military training. It was the first time I have lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in. And the training officer was strict in me. I once thought I couldn’t stick to the end. But anyway，I was succeeded. The trials made it much easy for me to adapt to life，but the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life. In short, learning to regard the challenges of life as the stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.
答案：
Challenges of life are of great importance in our .They remind me my days in senior high school I joined in the military training. It was the first time I lived away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in. And the training officer was strict me. I once thought I couldn’t stick to the end. But anyway, I succeeded. The trials made it much for me to adapt to life， the difficulties I came across have now become a precious memory in my life. In short， to regard the challenges of life as stepping stone to future success and make the best of them.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·福州八县/市一中联考)假如你是李华，你朋友Brian把他新买的优盘(flash drive)借给你用，但是你不小心把它遗失了。现在，请用英文给他写封信，内容包括：
1．告知优盘遗失的事并致歉；
2．描述遗失经过；
3．说明暂时无法赔偿及原因；
4．承诺一定赔偿并请求原谅。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Brian，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Brian，
I’m sorry to tell you that I’ve lost your new flash drive. Now I’m expressing my deepest apology for my carelessness.
Actually, I put the flash drive in my schoolbag after we met in the library yesterday. But to my sorrow, it was lost on my way home. I tried to get it back but failed. How sorry and guilty I felt!
This morning, I went to buy the same flash drive in some stores but it is too expensive for me. However, I promise that I’ll tighten my belt these days to get you a completely new one by the end of this month. Please forgive me and accept my sincere apology.
Best_wishes!
Yours，
Li_Hua
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