Unit 6 Design
[学生用书P43]
单句语法填空
1．The scenery of nature there is so beautiful; in other words，it’s beyond ____________(imagine)．
答案：imagination
2．It is hard for us to come to a ____________(conclude) without any evidence.
答案：conclusion
3．____________(complete) all the homework on time，the girl has to work till midnight.
答案：To complete
4．The professor ____________ son is studying abroad has a strange way to make his lessons interesting.
答案：whose
5．The old man is warm－hearted and always ____________ (mercy) to the poor and the disabled.
答案：merciful
6．When he came back，he found the bag he had left ____________(hang) over the seat was gone.
答案：hanging
7．An arrow went past his car, ____________(narrow) missing his head, which frightened him.
答案：narrowly
8．There was a long reading room downstairs, ____________(elegant) hung with oil paintings.
答案：elegantly
9．The man said that they would see figures ____________(relate) to the last six months.
答案：relating
10．When she is free，she always goes to the church to take part in some ____________(religion) activities.
答案：religious
单句改错
1．It has been raining for days，completely ruined our plan.____________________
答案：ruined→ruining
2．This afternoon we will discuss all the being related problems at the meeting.____________________
答案：去掉being
3．He told us that we should show little mercy for the enemy.____________________
答案：for→to
4．The prize will go to the writer which story shows the most imagination.____________________
答案：which→whose
5．The old man entered the room to see the bowl dating to the Ming Dynasty.____________________
答案：第二个to→from或dating后加back
单元语法——表示时间、地点和动作的介词；定语从句(Ⅰ)
单句改错
1．He invited me to a dance after the show at the farm. ____________________
答案：at→on
2．Shirle often brings home many books to read to the library. ____________________
答案：第二个to→from
3．That’s the machine which designer is from a remote village. ____________________
答案：which→whose
4．Those that want to go to the computer room write your name here. ____________________
答案：that→who
5．Sometimes we can find something which is quite good but very cheap. ____________________
答案：which→that
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chen Zijiang，1.____________ is a paper?cutting expert，learned to do paper?cutting from an early age.Mr Chen told me that paper?cutting was a Chinese folk art 2.____________ a long history.For example，paper cuts of animals 3.____________(find)in tombs date back to the Northern and Southern Dynasty.From his 4.____________(introduce)，I have learned that there are three types of paper cuts today.People usually put 5.____________ paper cuts on windows and gates during holidays 6.____________(bring)good luck.Also，it is used on presents or is used to celebrate weddings.Paper cuts found in temples are used for 7.____________(religion) purposes.In 8.____________(add)，paper cuts are used to make patterns on clothing or decorate jewellery boxes，and dragons are very popular patterns for these designs.I got a lot of useful information for my article from 9.____________ Chen had said.I was also ready 10.____________(try) out paper－cutting for myself.
答案：1.who 2.with 3.found 4.introduction 5.up 6.to bring 7.religious 8.addition 9.what 10.to try
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．昨天我们去展览会了，看到了一些新发现的希腊的雕像。(exhibition；discover)
2．有些雕像很抽象，以至于我们不理解。(abstract；so...that...)
3．有些雕像可以追溯到公元前三世纪。(date back to...)
4．王林盯着一个雕像，很想知道它是用什么工具雕刻而成的。(fix one’s eyes on；be carved with)
5．看了这些雕像，我们都对那些雕刻家的想象力非常佩服。(imagination)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
Yesterday，we went to a exhibition and saw some new discovered sculptures of Greece.Some sculptures were so abstract that we couldn’t understand it. Some could date back to the 3rd century B．C.Wang Lin fixed his eyes on a sculpture，wondered what tools it was carved.Seeing these sculptures，we all admired those sculptors’ imagination deeply.
答案：
Yesterday，we went to exhibition and saw some discovered sculptures of Greece.Some sculptures were so abstract that we couldn’t understand . Some could date back to the 3rd century B．C.Wang Lin fixed his eyes on a sculpture， what tools it was carved ．Seeing these sculptures，we all admired those sculptors’ imagination deeply.
PAGE
4
必修2
BI XIU ER
Unit 6 Design
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 6 Design
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P258(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·福州质检)Look at a map of Spain and point at the center. You’ll locate the country’s capital and one of Europe’s most beautiful cities: Madrid. This popular destination is considered a city of contrasts with its abundant historic sites, resting in the shadows of modern skyscrapers.
History
This city of over 3 million people is proud of Western Europe’s largest royal palace, and some consider it to be Madrid’s most beautiful building.
Inside the Royal Palace 2，800 rooms are decorated in glory with museum?quality furniture and artwork. Tourists can tour 50 of these large and splendid rooms.
Art
The internationally respected Prado Museum is the largest and most impressive art gallery in Spain. Founded in 1819, it is filled with works of art that feature the world’s most comprehensive collection of Spanish paintings.
Shopping
Madrid has some of Europe’s best shopping malls, and potential buyers love to look through the stores looking for bargains. But for 500 years, shoppers have gathered to an extremely large outdoor flea market known as El Rastro where they find everything from antiques to CDs.
Entertainment
No trip to Madrid is complete without seeing a performance of Spain’s famous art form, flamenco. Every day, flamenco performers sing, dance or play the guitar in small cafes and grand theaters alike.
Food
Madrid has a wide variety of restaurants, but because the Spanish typically eat late at about 9 or 10 p．m., it’s difficult to find good dinner food earlier. If you get hungry before then, the best solution is to try a tapas bar where light snacks are served. Be sure to try the jamon, dry?cured ham—Spain is famous for it.
Time for a break
After a day of touring, relax in 350?acre Retiro Park with its beautiful gardens, fish pond and lake. It is the perfect place to reflect on all you’ve enjoyed in this impressive Spanish city.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙首都马德里。
1．What do we know about the Royal Palace?
A．It has 50 rooms for visit.
B．It can hold 2，800 people.
C．It’s been visited by 3 million people.
D．It is thought to be the largest in Europe.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据History部分中的“Tourists can tour 50 of these large and splendid rooms.”可知，游客可以游览这些宏大而辉煌的房间中的50间，故答案为A选项。
2．What kind of market is “El Rastro”？
A．For discount.
B．For artworks.
C．To sell various goods.
D．To sell antiques and CDs.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据Shopping部分中的第二句可知，在El Rastro这个户外的跳蚤市场上，购物者可以找到古董到CD之类的所有的东西，C选项中的“sell various goods”和文中的“find everything from antiques to CDs”相对应，故答案为C选项。
3．What is a must when people are travelling in Madrid?
A．Enjoying flamenco.
B．Having dinner earlier.
C．Relaxing in Retiro Park.
D．Drinking in a tapas bar.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据Entertainment部分中的“No trip to Madrid is complete without seeing a performance of Spain’s famous art form, flamenco.”可知，到马德里没有看西班牙的著名艺术形式flamenco的表演，旅行是不完整的，因此答案为A选项。
B
(2019·洛阳、许昌高三第一次质检)Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.
Although we were all brought up in the same way, my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them, I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental maths.
I have only the unmemorable memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a crystal clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people’s observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honour with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity, a keen eye, a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self－discipline, a quality I lack. A scientist requires not only self－discipline but all training, determination and a goal. A scientist, up to a point, can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two, you get the best of both worlds.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过自身的经历明白了一个道理：博物学家是天生的，而科学家则是可以后天培养的。
4．What impressed the author deeply during his childhood?
A．Wildlife. B．Music.
C．Languages. D．Literature.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，作者在童年时，印象深刻的是那些野生生物，故选A。
5．Why can’t the author remember his relatives clearly?
A．He didn’t live with them for long.
B．The family was extremely large.
C．He was fully occupied with observing nature.
D．He was too young when he lived with them.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，作者童年时期过于专注自然界而对周围的亲戚并不是很在意，所以没有深刻的印象，这与第四段第二句中的“I have a strong love of the natural world”呼应，故选C。
6．According to the author, what personality should a born naturalist have first of all?
A．Being knowledgeable.
B．Being self－disciplined.
C．Being full of ambition.
D．Being full of enthusiasm.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world, and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations”可知，作者从小热爱自然界，而且这种热情使作者做了很多不同的调查，成了一个博物学家。由此可推知，一个天生的博物学家首先要充满热情，故选D。
7．Why does the author say he is a naturalist, not a scientist?
A．He thinks he lacks some quality required of a scientist.
B．He thinks he has much trouble doing mental arithmetic.
C．He thinks he comes up with solutions in a most natural way.
D．He thinks he just reads about other people’s observations.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为自己只是一个博物学家而不是一个科学家是因为自己缺乏成为科学家的必备素质，故选A。
C
(2019·湖南高三六校联考)If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then we’re both better off as a result—so goes the principle of reciprocity. As humans, we are familiar with the concept, whether it is by buying rounds of drinks or expelling diplomats. But do animals also help those who help them? The answer may be yes. A paper by Dolivo and Taborsky shows that Norway rats will only give as good as they get.
In their laboratory, Dolivo and Taborsky first trained rats to pull a stick that provided a food item within the reach of a rat in a neighboring cage separated from them by wire mesh(铁丝网)．
They then introduced a further treatment in which an experimental rat was placed in a cage with other caged rats on either side. On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces.
In the following trials the focal rat (the one in the central cage) had the opportunity to repay the other rats using the same stick tool to deliver food items.
Now, the rats had typically turned their noses up at the carrot and showed a strong preference for the more desirable banana. On the basis that the banana－providing rat should be therefore remembered as the superior partner, the authors predicted that in the test phase(阶段) the focal rat would more readily provide help for banana－offering rats than for carrot－offering rats. This proved to be the case: the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards—it seemed that they were behaving reciprocally.
Dolivo and Taborsky’s experiments show that rats can recall the quality of help provided and by which rat, and adjust their behavior so as to invest more time and energy in helping those that helped them. It is apparent that we shouldn’t undervalue the ability of animals to engage in reciprocity.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了Dolivo和Taborsky用挪威老鼠做实验得出结论的过程。实验的结果告诉人们，我们不应该低估动物的互惠能力。
8．What does the underlined word “reciprocity” probably refer to?
A．The act of being kind to other people.
B．A cooperative exchange of favors.
C．A positive attitude to everything.
D．The quality of being generous.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句中的“If I scratch your back and you scratch mine, then we’re both better off as a result”可知，如果两个人互相抓背，则两个人都能得到好处；由此可推知，reciprocity意为“互惠”，故B项正确。
9．What would happen if a rat pulled the stick?
A．It would find some food in its own cage.
B．Other rats would be able to enter its cage.
C．Another rat in another cage would get food.
D．It would be able to enter a neighboring cage.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第三段尾句“On one side the rat pulled a stick that provided pieces of carrot to the rat in the central cage, while the other pulled a stick that produced banana pieces”可推知，如果一只老鼠拉棍子，则另一个笼子里的老鼠会吃到食物，故C项正确。
10．Which got more benefit from the focal rat?
A．The rats that preferred carrot pieces.
B．The rats that preferred banana pieces.
C．The rats that had provided carrot pieces.
D．The rats that had provided banana pieces.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容尤其是“the rats that had provided better help in the past received greater rewards”可知，提供香蕉片的老鼠会得到更多的回报，故D项正确。
11．Which of the following might Dolivo and Taborsky agree with?
A．Some animals may return others’ help.
B．Norway rats have very poor memories.
C．It is hard to explain the ability of animals.
D．Rats’ behavior is very uncommon.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第一句可知，Dolivo和Taborsky的实验表明，老鼠能够回忆起谁提供的帮助和帮助的质量，并调整它们的行为，从而投入更多的时间和精力去帮助那些帮助过它们的同类；由此可推知，动物会回报帮助过它们的对象，故A项正确。
D
(2019·新疆维吾尔自治区第一次适应性检测) Super?storm Sandy slammed into the eastern United States years ago. The wind?driven water caused a lot of flooding, especially in the region’s subway system. Now two teens have invented a device that could help prevent future subway floods.
In New York City alone, Super?storm Sandy caused an estimated $ 19 billion in damage. Much of the flood?waters entered the subway system through its ventilation grates(通风栅). Those metal grilles usually lie at ground level. When the system is shut down ahead of a flood, engineers try to cover those grates with plywood(胶合板) and sandbags. But the flooding often washes away those measures, which allows water to flow into the tunnels. Raising those grates even a tiny bit above ground level would cost a lot of money. Other ideas have included building tall chimneys around the holes. That would raise the grates and cost a lot of money, too.
Kyle and Raymond came up with a different, less expensive idea. They designed a metal grate with a built?in, adjustable cover. When trains are running, one part of the grate slides open to bring in fresh air. But when the system is shut down, that part can be slid shut to completely block the grate.
Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement. Their design includes tamper?proof features, which can prevent operation mistakes. They make sure that people don’t intentionally shut off airflow during normal conditions. For people with the proper key, it would only take a minute or two to close the grate ahead of a flood.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了几年前超级风暴Sandy猛烈袭击美国东部，造成了洪水灾害，当地的地铁被洪水淹没。为防止地铁再次被洪水淹没，两位少年发明了一种装置。
12．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The steps to operate grates.
B．The measures to prevent flood.
C．The function of plywood and sandbags.
D．The disadvantage of present subway system.
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第一句可知，据估计超级风暴Sandy仅在纽约市就造成了价值190亿美元的损失。文章接下来分析了超级风暴造成的洪水淹没地铁的原因：目前的地铁系统存在很大的弊端。故本题选D。
13．Which of the following words best describes the two teens’ new invention?
A．Costly. B．Time?saving.
C．Practical. D．Conventional.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一、第二句可知他们使用的栅栏和现在使用的栅栏大小一样，所以很容易就可以把旧的栅栏取出来，放入一个替换栅栏；再结合最后一段最后两句可知，新的装置操作起来也很方便。故选C。
14．What’s the purpose of designing the tamper?proof feature?
A．To replace the old grate correctly.
B．To close the grate ahead of a flood.
C．To ensure airflow in normal conditions.
D．To stop the train speeding up unexpectedly.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、第四句可知，设计干预防护的特点可以阻止操作失误，有了干预防护，他们确保人们不会有意地在正常情况下关掉空气流通的功能，故本题选C。
15．Where does the text most probably come from?
A．A news report.
B．An adventurous story.
C．An introduction to new equipment.
D．A guidebook to making grates.
A 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了两位少年发明了一种成本较低、实用的地铁防洪装置以及该装置的特点和优势，应该属于新闻报道类文章，故选A。
七选五
(2019·桂林、百色、崇左联考)Test anxiety can be a real problem if you’re so stressed out over a test that you can’t get past the nervousness to focus on the test questions and do your best work. Feeling ready to meet the challenge can keep test anxiety at a manageable level.
Be prepared. Some students think that going to class is all it takes to do well on tests. 1.________ You will find your test anxiety eases when you start to study more regularly. The reason is that the more you know the material, the more confident you’ll feel. Having confidence going into a test means you expect to do well.
Watch what you’re thinking. If expecting to do well on a test can help you relax, what about if you expect you won’t do well. 2.________ They can contribute to your anxiety. If you find yourself having these thoughts, replace them with positive ones. Not unrealistic positive messages, of course, but ones that are practical and true.
Accept mistakes. Another thing you can do is to learn to keep mistakes in view—especially if you are a perfectionist or you tend to be hard on yourself. Everyone makes mistakes, and you may have heard teachers refer to mistakes as learning opportunities. 3.________
4．________ If sitting for a test gets you so stressed out that your mind goes blank and causes you to miss answers that you know, then your level of test anxiety probably needs some attention. Your teacher or your school guidance counsellor(顾问) can be good people to talk to.
Take care of yourself. For some people, this might mean learning a simple breathing exercise. Practice breathing exercise regularly when you feel stressed. 5.________ Then you can calm yourself down and get centered.
A．Ask for help.
B．Learn to praise yourself.
C．This helps your body receive a signal to relax.
D．But good study habits and skills are more important.
E．So it’s time to regard small failures as valuable experiences.
F．Then you will become more interested in asking questions.
G．You may send yourself some negative messages about the test.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，具体介绍了缓解考试焦虑的五个方法。
1．D 解析：根据空处前一句可知，一些学生认为去上课就能考好试；根据空处后一句可知，当你开始更有规律地学习时，你会发现你的考试焦虑减轻了。根据语境可知，空处前后为转折关系，空处说明“但是良好的学习习惯和技能更为重要”，故D项与此处匹配。
2．G 解析：根据空处前一句可知，如果期望在考试中表现出色可以帮助你放松，那如果想到自己考得不好呢？结合空后一句可知，空处表示对于考试，你可能向自己发送了消极的信息，故G项符合语境。
3．E 解析：根据该段第一句“Accept mistakes.”可知，该段主要讲述了“要接受错误”的观点，再结合空前的“refer to mistakes as learning opportunities”可知，要将失败作为宝贵的经历，故E项符合语境。
4．A 解析：根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；根据该段尾句可知，在考试焦虑过大时可以寻求帮助。据此可知，该段主要讲“寻求帮助”，故A项符合语境。
5．C 解析：根据空处前一句可知，当你感到有压力时，可以进行呼吸练习。结合常识可知，呼吸练习有助于身体放松，故C项符合语境。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P261(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·昆明高三摸底测试)Mrs. Hudson walked into the classroom with a girl limping(瘸着走) behind her. She introduced，“This is Margaret. She just moved here from Florida. Let’s __1__ her.” The teacher guided her __2__ to a front seat, then bent over and __3__ something in her ear. Finishing explaining the math problems, Mrs. Hudson __4__，“Break time. See you in ten minutes.”
Boys __5__ first.“Today, let’s meet at the far end of the sidewalk. And make sure the new girl doesn’t follow us！” I said. After a while, I came back to the __6__. I wanted to find out if Mrs. Hudson liked my book report. With her usual big smile, she began，“Jack, you are a good __7__．” Shifting my weight from one foot to the other, I was a little __8__ that Mrs. Hudson liked me so much. Her __9__ let me know how much she appreciated having me around. My teacher __10__ in her quiet voice.“That’s __11__ I am sure you will invite Margaret to play with you today.”Her __12__ words sounded like frozen knives aiming at my heart. Could she __13__ suspect what we had been saying about Margaret? Could she know how __14__ I was?
Then I managed to __15__ Margaret in our group. While many school memories have __16__ over the years, the __17__ Mrs. Hudson taught me has stayed with me. Mrs. Hudson gently guided me, __18__ me to do the right thing. She believed in me, and __19__ what she did, I rose to the level of her __20__， both for Margaret long ago and even later in my choice of career.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Hudson夫人是作者的老师。一天，她带着一个走路一瘸一拐的女孩进了教室，包括作者在内的几个男孩取笑这个女孩。而Hudson夫人用激励、爱心和智慧教育了作者，启迪了他的心灵，作者从此不再孤立那个女孩。这段经历对作者的一生产生了很大的影响。
1．A.welcome B．introduce
C．recommend D．follow
A 解析：上文讲到Hudson夫人带着一个走路一瘸一拐的女孩进了教室，将这个女孩介绍给班里的孩子们，让大家“欢迎”她，所以选A。welcome“欢迎”；introduce“介绍”；recommend“推荐”；follow“跟随”。
2．A.casually B．gently
C．nervously D．hurriedly
B 解析：上文讲到女孩走路一瘸一拐，接着说Hudson夫人“缓缓地”将女孩带到了前排的一个座位，所以选B。casually“随便地”；gently“温柔地，缓缓地”；nervously“紧张地”；hurriedly“匆忙地”。
3．A.spread B．delivered
C．repeated D．whispered
D 解析：Hudson夫人先是将女孩带到了前排的一个座位上，接着弯下腰来在她的耳边“小声说话”，所以选D。spread“传播”；deliver“递送，发表(演讲)，接生”；repeat“重复”；whisper“小声说”。
4．A.cried B．sighed
C．announced D．agreed
C 解析：Hudson夫人讲完数学题后，“宣布”该休息了，所以选C。cry“喊叫，哭”；sigh“叹气”；announce“宣布”；agree“同意”。
5．A.looked out B．raced out
C．turned up D．gave up
B 解析：根据上文可知，老师宣布了下课，根据常识可推知，下课后，男孩们先“跑了出去”，故raced out符合语境。look out“朝外看”；turn up“出现，露面，调高(音量等)”；give up“放弃”。
6．A.school B．office
C．classroom D．platform
C 解析：上文提到男孩们跑了出去，所以过了一会儿，作者应该是回到了“教室”。school“学校”；office“办公室”；classroom“教室”；platform“平台，月台，讲台”。
7．A.guard B．colleague
C．person D．speaker
C 解析：Hudson夫人对作者说，“Jack，你是一个好人”，她是用表扬的方法来促使作者转变自己的做法，使作者友善对待新来的女生。guard“卫兵”；colleague“同事”；person“人”；speaker“说话者”。
8．A.embarrassed B．satisfied
C．convinced D．worried
A 解析：作者取笑新来的女孩，Hudson夫人却说他是一个好人，这让作者感到有点“尴尬”，所以选A。embarrassed“尴尬的”；satisfied“满意的，满足的”；convinced“确信的”；worried“担忧的”。
9．A.answer B．explanation
C．comment D．prediction
C 解析：Hudson夫人对作者的正面“评价”(说作者是个好人)让作者知道了老师是非常喜欢他在身边的。answer“回答，答案”；explanation“解释，说明”；comment“评论，评述”；prediction“预测，预言”。
10．A.begged B．replied
C．urged D．continued
D 解析：上文讲到，Hudson夫人说作者是一个好人，然后“继续说”，“这就是我确信你今天会邀请Margaret一起玩的原因。”beg“祈求”；reply“回答”；urge“敦促”；continue“继续说”。
11．A.why B．how
C．when D．where
A 解析：参见上题解析。why“为什么”；how“如何，怎样”；when“何时”；where“哪里”。
12．A.doubtful B．confident
C．honest D．comfortable
B 解析：她“肯定的”话如同冰冷的刀子直指向作者的心，所以选B。doubtful“怀疑的”；confident“自信的，肯定的”；honest“诚实的”；comfortable“舒服的”。
13．A.necessarily B．regularly
C．hardly D．possibly
D 解析：上文提到作者孤立新同学，但老师却说他是个好人，所以作者心中疑惑：她“有可能”会猜到我们都说Margaret什么吗？她知道我有多令人讨厌吗？necessarily“必要地，必然地”；regularly“经常，定期地，有规律地”；hardly“几乎不”；possibly“可能”。
14．A.greedy B．smart
C．awful D．outgoing
C 解析：参见上题解析。greedy“贪婪的”；smart“聪明的，机灵的”；awful“糟糕的，极坏的”；outgoing“外向的，友好的”。
15．A.refuse B．praise
C．separate D．include
D 解析：之后，作者设法让Margaret“加入”到了他们的团体中。refuse“拒绝”；praise“表扬，赞美”；separate“使分离，使分开”；include“包含，包括，列入”。
16．A.faded B．existed
C．remained D．refreshed
A 解析：多年过去了，很多学校的回忆“逐渐消失”，但Hudson夫人给作者的教训却一直伴随着他。fade“逐渐消失，褪色”；exist“存在”；remain“继续存在”；refresh“恢复精神”。
17．A.process B．principle
C．secret D．lesson
D 解析：参见上题解析。process“进程”；principle“原则”；secret“秘密”；lesson“课，教训”。
18．A.forcing B．challenging
C．permitting D．ordering
B 解析：Hudson夫人温和地引导作者，“激励”他去做正确的事情。force“强迫，逼迫”；challenge“激励，要求”；permit“允许”；order“命令”。
19．A.because of B．regardless of
C．in spite of D．in terms of
A 解析：作者的老师信任他，“由于”老师所做的一切，作者达到了老师的期望，所以选A。because of“因为，由于”；regardless of“不顾，不管”；in spite of“尽管”；in terms of“按照，在……方面，以……的措辞”。
20．A.beliefs B．expectations
C．success D．standard
B 解析：参见上题解析。belief“信仰，信条”；expectation“指望，期望”；success“成功”；standard“标准，水平”。
语法填空
Starting a new school term is always exciting.It is a chance 1.__________(see) your friends again.But most exciting of all, the new term lets you take up new hobbies.In Britain it is common for students to take up new hobbies after the Christmas holidays.Promising to learn something new is a common New Year’s resolution.
Most schools offer different kinds 2.____________ hobby classes. Students 3.____________(usual) take them in their free periods or after school. Some classes you have to pay for but some 4.____________(be) free. For example, I once took a free Wednesday evening gymnastics class 5.____________ is offered by my school. But when I learnt how to play the drum, my parents had to pay for the lessons.
The most popular extra classes at my school were piano lessons and drama lessons. Both classes offered exams students could take. Students with many hobbies sometimes felt more stressed 6.____________ those without any. But the students with hobbies left school with many extra 7.____________(skill)．
I haven’t continued any of the hobbies I 8.__________(begin) at school. But I have never regretted taking 9.____________(they). My 10.____________(good) friend today is someone I met in my gymnastics class.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国的兴趣班。英国的学生可以参加兴趣班，其中有收费的，也有免费的。在兴趣班，你可以认识很多朋友。
1．to see 解析：考查形式主语。分析该句结构可知，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
2．of 解析：考查介词。different kinds of为固定搭配，意为“各种不同种类的”。
3．usually 解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词，故用usual的副词形式usually。
4．are 解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据but前的have可知，应用一般现在时；该句中的some指some classes，故用复数形式are。
5．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为class，在从句中作主语，故用which或that引导该定语从句。
6．than 解析：考查比较级。根据该句中的“more stressed”可以判断，该句使用“比较级＋than”的结构。故填than。
7．skills 解析：考查名词的数。根据空前的many可知，空处应用复数。
8．began 解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，begin这一动作发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。
9．them 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，空处指代上句的“hobbies”，故用them。
10．best 解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据语境可知，我最好的朋友是在体操班认识的，故用good的最高级best。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P262(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·南昌模拟)I want to talk about Miss Smith, a history teacher I had at secondary school 61.____________ I was about 15. Most of the teachers I had were OK, 62.____________ they gave the feeling that it was just a job.It seemed that Miss Smith really 63.____________ (love) both history and teaching it.
One of the 64.____________ (good) things about her lessons was that we didn’t always have to study in an ordinary way. For example, rather than write an article for homework, usually we were allowed 65.____________ (work) with a friend to write an imaginary dialogue between two historical 66.____________ (figure). Then we could perform it for the class.
I think Miss Smith influenced me in two important ways. Firstly, she made me 67.____________ (interest) in history. Now I still read books on history and watch TV programs about it when I get the chance. 68.____________ (second), she showed me how a teacher can use the students’ own creativity to help them learn. Instead 69.____________ just being a kind of audience for lessons, we were involved in 70.____________ (decide) what happened in the lessons.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者的初中历史老师。该老师与众不同，总是让课堂充满乐趣，并布置学生喜欢的作业，从而赢得了学生的爱戴。
61．when 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，Smith老师是作者15岁上中学时的一个历史老师；分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导时间状语从句。故填when。
62．but 解析：考查连词。根据空格前的“were OK”及下文中的“it was just a job”可知，作者的大部分老师都很好，但是他们给人的感觉是教书只是一份工作，空格前后表示转折。故填but。
63．loved 解析：考查动词的时态。文章总体时态为一般过去时。故填loved。
64．best 解析：考查形容词的最高级。“One of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”意为“……中最……的一个”。根据语境可知，此处指她上课最大的一个优点是不总是用常规的方式教学。故填best。
65．to work 解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to work.
66．figures 解析：考查名词复数。根据空格前的“two”可知，此处应用可数名词figure的复数形式。故填figures。
67．interested 解析：考查词性转换。“make sb.＋形容词”意为“使某人……”，此处指使作者对历史感兴趣。故填interested。
68．Secondly 解析：考查词性转换。根据上文中的“Firstly”可知，此处应填Secondly。注意首字母大写。
69．of 解析：考查介词。instead of意为“代替，而不是”。故填of。
70．deciding 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词in后接动名词形式。故填deciding。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·洛阳尖子生联考)When I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming. See the images of ice melting and the polar bears habitat being destroyed made me disappointed. I begin to realize it was important to do what we can save the environment. I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin. And she immediate agreed to get it. Besides, she got for me a black one for trash. I now have a recycling bin for waste papers and plastic bottles in my room. I may be just one person, so I feel like I am making the big difference.
答案：
When I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming. the images of ice melting and the polar habitat being destroyed made me disappointed. I to realize it was important to do what we can save the environment. I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin. And she agreed to get . Besides, she got me a black one for trash. I now have a recycling bin for waste and plastic bottles in my room. I may be just one person, I feel like I am making big difference.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·合肥调研性检测)假定你是李华，从网上得知一所美国中学正在招募中国中学生志愿者。本次招募旨在通过网络帮助美国学生体验中国春节。请用英语写一封电子邮件提出申请，内容包括：
1．愿意参加；
2．自身优势；
3．计划与期望。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Sir/Madam，
I am Li Hua, a senior high school student from China and happy to learn your school is recruiting volunteers to help your students experience the Chinese Spring Festival. I’m writing to see if I will be lucky enough to get involved in this activity.
I have learned English for over ten years, which enables me to speak good English. In addition, I love to celebrate the Spring Festival by making dumplings with my parents and pay New Year’s visits to my friends. Also, I am good at using computers.
Sharing stories, customs and food pictures of our Spring Festival with your students should be great fun and I can’t wait to answer any questions about Chinese traditional festivals.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
PAGE
16
