Unit 7 The Sea
[学生用书P52]
单句语法填空
1．The man has been working so hard.____________(eventual)，he broke down.
答案：Eventually
2．In spite of the heavy traffic，we made ____________ to our office on time that morning.
答案：it
3．Because of cheating，Charlie has been banned ____________ cycling for a year.
答案：from
4．He is so stubborn that I don’t know how to persuade him ____________(move) to that house.
答案：to move
5．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some ____________(measure) over 90 metres.
答案：measuring
6．The woman was awarded a degree in ____________(recognize) of her work in the community.
答案：recognition
7．It was a ____________(terrify) experience for most of us.Luckily，we were saved!
答案：terrifying
8．With the help of the doctor，she made a quick ____________(recover) from flu.
答案：recovery
9．This is the middle school ____________ Mr.Black taught English ten years ago.
答案：where
10．The performance ____________(present) by us on Christmas Day was greeted with a cold silence.
答案：presented
单句改错
1．Being a student，you are supposed to participate more out?of?class activities.____________________
答案：participate后加in
2．You’d better make a apology to your teacher for your being late.____________________
答案：a→an
3．Read this long sentence again and tell me if it makes a sense.____________________
答案：去掉a
4．Some students have trouble with remembering new words.____________________
答案：with→in或去掉with
5．I still remember the day when we spent together in Hong Kong.____________________
答案：when→that/which
单元语法——定语从句(Ⅱ)；形容词与副词的比较级
单句语法填空/句型转换
1．The letter ____________ I received from him yesterday is very important.
答案：that
2. I still remember the day ____________ I first met my English teacher in my life.
答案：when
3．After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town ____________ he grew up as a child.
答案：where
4．What is even ____________(bad) is that they want their name to appear first in every single web page.
答案：worse
5．It is known that Betty is the ____________(much) careful student in our school.
→It is known that Betty is ____________(much) careful than any other student in our school.
答案：most; more
6．My brother ran ____________(fast) in our village when he was young.
→My brother ran ____________(fast) than anyone else in our village when he was young.
答案：fastest; faster
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a matter of fact，the Vikings had reached America long 1.____________ Columbus discovered it.The Vikings were a group of people 2.____________ controlled the seas and coasts of Northern Europe between the 8th and 10th centuries AD，and among whom there was a man 3.____________(call)Eric the Red.4.____________(commit) a murder，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland and he reached Greenland and discovered that it was a place 5.____________ people could live.6.____________ he returned to Iceland and persuaded some people 7.____________(go) to Greenland with him.A man named Biarni wanted to join his father who was with Eric to reach Greenland 8.____________(eventual)．Later，Eric the Red’s son followed Biarni’s 9.____________(direct) and reached what was called Canada.In a word，the Vikings were the first Europeans 10.____________(reach) America.
答案：1.before 2.who 3.called 4.Having committed 5.where 6.So 7.to go 8.eventually 9.directions 10.to reach
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．布朗先生是一个探险家，他精力充沛。(energetic)
2．去年他决定航海去旧金山(San Francisco)。(set sail)
3．因为风太大，他左腿受伤，陷入了困境。(get into trouble)
4．他碰巧看见远处有一艘大船，最后他得救了。(eventually)
5．三个月后他康复了，他又开始了新的探险。(recover from)
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(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
Mr.Brown，who is energy，is an explorer.Last year he decided to set sail to San Francisco.Because the strong wind，his left leg was injured and he got into the trouble.He happened to see a large ship in the distance and eventual he was saved.It took him three months to recover from his injure.He began his new exploration again.
答案：
Mr.Brown，who is ，is an explorer.Last year he decided to set sail to San Francisco.Because the strong wind，his left leg was injured and he got into trouble.He happened to see a large ship in the distance and he was saved.It took him three months to recover from his .He began his new exploration again.
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必修3
BI XIU SAN
nit 7 the sea
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 7 The Sea
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P263(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·湖北七校第一次联考)Leaders shape history and here is a selection of the most remarkable views into these public figures plus first?hand accounts by those with access to them.
Margaret Thatcher by Charles Moore (2013)
Before Moore published the first volume of his biography, there had already been a mountain of books on Thatcher. Moore’s account is different. He shows that far from being fearless, she could often be fearful without cause. The final volume will include her fall from power.
Harold Wilson by Ben Pimlott (1992)
Harold Wilson had become a ghostly figure when this book was published in 1992. The absence heightened a sense of mystery. Who was he? How to explain his seemingly contradictory characteristics? Pimlott solves some of the mysteries; the book is detailed until Wislon’s final phase as prime minister in 1974.
Churchill by Roy Jenkins (2001)
Jenkins writes as a politician as well as a historian, analyzing Churchill’s historic moves from the opinions of one who had also spoken in the Commons. Jenkins had resigned from high positions in battles over policy, and as one that changed parties, though not as frequently as Churchill did.
Roy Jenkins by John Campbell (2014)
Campbell calmly narrates many political and personal dramas, including Jenkins’ intense relationship with Anthony Crosland when they were both students at Oxford. Campbell also addresses Jenkins’ various affairs with women. Like Jenkins’ political heroes, he led many lives. Campbell is sharp in describing each of them.
Diaries, Volumes One to Six by Alastair Campbell (2017)
Love or hate him, Campbell remains the master of the inside story, not just because of his unusual ideas on the relationship between Tony Blair and Gordon Brown. This is an incredibly detailed book on what it’s like to live inside No. 10：the cruel space of events; and the constant conflict with the media.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五本有关改变历史的世界伟人的传记，书的作者是掌握这一伟人的第一手资料者。文章具体介绍了作者姓名、出版时间、书的内容等。
1．Which of the following leaders has the largest number of books written about him/her?
A．Harold Wilson. B．Churchill.
C．Margaret Thatcher. D．Tony Blair.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，在摩尔出版他的第一本传记之前，已经有很多关于撒切尔夫人的书了；其他四本书的介绍中都没有提及曾经有专门介绍该政治家的书出版。据此可知，在介绍的五个政治领导人中，写撒切尔夫人的书最多，故C项正确。
2．Which writer was once a politician?
A．Ben Pimlott. B．Charles Moore.
C．John Campbell. D．Roy Jenkins.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，詹金斯是一位政治家，也是一位历史学家。故D项正确。其他作者都没有提及曾经是政治家。
3．What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To introduce some histories on elections.
B．To recommend some books on leaders.
C．To tell some mysteries about historians.
D．To think highly of some famous leaders.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了五本有关改变历史的世界伟人的传记，书的作者是掌握这一伟人的第一手资料者，文章具体介绍了作者的姓名、出版时间、书的内容等。据此可知，本文旨在推荐一些关于政治领导人的书籍，故B项正确。
B
(2019·广东六校联盟联考) NEW YORK—A massive winter storm paralyzed much of the U．S. East Coast on Thursday and Friday, dumping as much as 46 centimeters of snow from the Carolinas to Maine. It also caused flooding on the streets of Boston due to swelling storm tides, forced the cancellation of nearly 5，000 flights and closed businesses, offices and schools.
Some meteorologists(气象学家) classified the storm as a “bomb cyclone” for its sharp drop in atmospheric pressure would be followed immediately by a blast of cold air that could break records in more than two dozen cities and bring wind chills as low as－40℃ during the weekend.
From Baltimore, Maryland, to Caribou in Maine, efforts were underway to clear roadways of ice and snow as wind chill temperatures were to plunge during the day, reaching－40℃ in some parts after sundown, according to the National Weather Service.
Utility companies across the East worked to repair downed power lines early on Friday as about 21，000 customers remained without electricity, down from almost 80，000 the day before, and issued warnings that temperatures may become dangerously low.
“If the temperature in your home begins to fall, we recommend taking shelter elsewhere until service can be restored. You can find warming centers by contacting local authorities，” National Grid power company, which serves Massachusetts, said on Twitter.
Airlines canceled 4，000 flights on Thursday and hundreds more on Friday, according to FlightAware.com, an online tracking service.
Mayor Bill de Blasio said it could feel like－30℃ on Friday and Saturday nights with the wind chill. “This is a serious, serious storm, and may be the most severe in 2018，” he said at a news conference.
New York Governor Andrew Cuomo declared a state of emergency for the southern part of the state, while New Jersey Governor Chris Christie declared a state of emergency for several counties.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。大规模的暴风雪于周四和周五袭击了美国东海岸，给当地的生产和生活造成了严重影响。
4．Which of the following is NOT the consequence of the massive winter storm?
A．Breakdown of the U．S. coast.
B．Flooding in Boston.
C．Cancellation of nearly 5，000 flights.
D．Closure in business, offices, and schools.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，受暴风雪的影响，波士顿暴发了洪水，近5 000架航班被迫取消，企业、办公楼和学校也被迫关闭。只有A项没有提到，故选A。
5．Why did some meteorologists classify this winter storm as “bomb cyclone”？
A．Because it will cause changeable atmospheric pressure.
B．Because the scale of this storm could break records in lots of cities.
C．Because of the deadly and destructive effects of this storm.
D．Because of the extremely cold air and the wind chills in this storm.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，一些气象专家将此类风暴归为“炸弹气旋”的原因是气压的急剧下降，而随后还会有一股冷空气到来，打破了20多座城市的记录，导致周末时气温低至－40℃。故选D。
6．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “plunge” in Para.3?
A．decline steadily
B．drop dramatically
C．fluctuate violently
D．fall moderately
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，一些地区的风寒温度在日落后会降到－40℃。据此可知，画线词的含义为“突然下降”，故选B。
7．About the rescue work, which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A．People were making great efforts to rid roadways of ice and snow.
B．About 101 thousand people were left without electricity on Thursday.
C．Residents can stay in warming centers until heating service is restored.
D．Aviation service hasn’t been brought back to normal yet until Friday.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，人们正在加紧清理路面上的冰雪，故排除A项；根据第五段前两句可知，在供暖服务恢复之前，居民可以住在供暖中心，故排除C项；根据第六段可知，航班服务仍然没有恢复正常，故排除D项。根据第四段内容可知，周五早些时候，电力公司都在努力修复被击落的电线，当时大约有21 000家没有电，比前一天的差不多80 000减少了，故可知周四没有电的不是101 000家。故选B。
C
(2019·辽宁五校协作体联考)In the dead of winter，we don’t typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should.The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health—Vitamin D.
This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other life?threatening diseases.The recommended daily requirement is 400－600 International Units (IU). In summer, people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D.
Even during winter, just a 10?minute walk at midday can keep the body’s Vitamin D at healthy levels.During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible.
Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods.Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin.Egg yolks (蛋黄)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it.
To attract consumers，food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products.The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s.At that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency(缺乏)of Vitamin D．It made the children’s bones soft and weak.Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem, and it has been available ever since.
For people who still need more Vitamin D, there is another option. Take Vitamin D supplements(补充物)．These products are widely sold in stores.However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普文。文章主要介绍了维生素D的一些情况。
8．During the winter months，people________．
A．aren’t able to meet their deadlines
B．often don’t dress warmly enough
C．generally like to remain indoors
D．leave lots of work for others to do
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的第一句可知，在冬天人们愿意待在室内。
9．According to the text，Vitamin D________．
A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun
B．can be used to cure life?threatening diseases
C．can be mainly found in some milk products
D．can make the children’s bones soft and weak
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，维生素D可以通过晒太阳获得，故选A。
10．Why is salmon mentioned in this article?
A．It’s seldom prepared in the correct way.
B．It’s a useful addition to a person’s diet.
C．It has a huge impact on the environment.
D．Its advantages have been exaggerated.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，三文鱼是补充维生素D的食物，因此对我们的饮食是有用的补充物，故选B。
11．The main purpose of this article is ________．
A．to introduce a valuable nutrient
B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements
C．to note risks associated with a nutrient
D．to explain how a nutrient was discovered
A 解析：写作意图题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍一种营养成分——维生素D。
D
(2019·湖北七市联考)Every household should have its own economical measures. In our case, it’s a yard sale—the best behavior is recycling. For us, it couldn’t have come at a better time. First, we are broke. Second, we have too many unwanted items in our home.
In fact, Posh once scolded me for selling a Bill Blass tie she bought me as a gift, in tears for the first time since our wedding night. I had to explain that women buy neckties for color, and men buy neckties for the way the material falls nicely against the shirts. It’s one of the fundamental differences between the sexes.
Anyway, we have this yard sale in our front yard, where we unload a lot of junk: bad books, broken toys, half?smoked cigars...
“Dad, you’re always selling objects too cheap，” complained the lovely and patient older daughter, who sits near the cash box, looking very upset.“I’m going back to bed，” she says, and so she does.
She is replaced by the little girl, Mini?Posh. Mini?Posh turns out to be more bored than even her lovely sister. She yawns a couple of times, and then requires lunch.
A few minutes later, my young son sells his very first tricycle for $2. Apparently, we’re underpricing.
“You should ask $20 for those mountain bikes，”suggests one customer, who goes on to tell Posh that for 27 years he and his wife have spent Saturday mornings drinking coffee together, then visiting the yard sales.
“That’s so romantic，” Posh says.
In fact, we do very well. In the end, a troop of strangers pay me hundreds of dollars to clean out the house. I also discover what romance really is (visiting yard sales)．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家人在前院进行庭院旧货出售的经过。
12．What do we know about a yard sale?
A．It’s an ideal place for Americans to get gifts.
B．It’s for customers and sellers to make crafts together.
C．It’s a fashionable event for singles to search for romance.
D．It’s about selling unwanted items to people who need them.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据首段的描述，尤其是第二句中的“the best behavior is recycling”和最后一句中的“we have too many unwanted items in our home”可知D项正确。
13．Why did the author sell the Bill Blass necktie?
A．Because it didn’t match his shirts.
B．Because it was a real bargain.
C．Because it was already worn out.
D．Because it was of poor quality.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...men buy neckties for the way the material falls nicely against the shirts.”可知，男人买领带根据它与衬衫的搭配方式，而女人买领带则是为了颜色，故可推知作者卖了妻子买给他的领带是因为他认为领带与他的衬衫不搭，所以A项正确。
14．How do the author’s two daughters feel about the yard sale?
A．They become uninterested in the sale of second?hand goods.
B．They are sympathetic to their father who is broke.
C．They grow crazy about everything to do with their junk.
D．They become angry when their father cheaply sell the items.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“selling objects too cheap”及“looking very upset”和第五段中的“turns out to be more bored than even her lovely sister”可知，作者的两个女儿对售卖二手货物不感兴趣，所以A项正确。
15．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Yard sales in the U．S. are no longer popular.
B．Rich Americans are trying to collect extra cash.
C．Visiting yard sales is romantic to certain American couples.
D．It is pleasant that strangers volunteer to clean your house.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段一位顾客的故事以及最后一段中的“I also discover what romance really is (visiting yard sales)．”可推知，对一些美国人来说，逛庭院旧货出售是浪漫的，所以C项正确。
七选五
(2019·成都第二次诊断性检测)Confidence is a skill that many folks want to master, but they have a hard time acquiring it. Have you ever wondered why? Possibly you were born confident. You were talked to negatively as a child or maybe you were rejected many times. Whatever the case is, 1.________. But how to boost your confidence?
Begin to act as if you are confident. Act as the person you would want to be like. 2.________. Surround yourself with people who you think are confident and have high values. You will learn so much from observing other confident folks.
3．________. One of the areas that you need to pay attention to is your self?talk. Your thoughts about your capabilities and self?worth need to be positive and encouraging. Whenever you notice you think negatively, pause and take a moment, and shift your focus to something that can help you feel better about yourself.
Go after your goals. If you are really serious about building self?confidence, you need to identify your goals and go after them. The more you add to your accomplishments, the more confident you will feel about your abilities and skills. 4.________．
By using these steps to boost your confidence, 5.________．
A．Always stay positive
B．Improve your positive self?talk
C．Begin to think and behave like them
D．This requires you to know what a confident person looks like
E．you will be on the path to improving your self?esteem and self?worth
F．You’ll begin to trust your inner self more and appreciate yourself more
G．you should know you can improve your self?esteem and build confidence
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了增强自信心的方法和策略。
1．G 解析：根据空后“But how to boost your confidence？”，再结合语境可知，此处表示“无论是什么情况，你都应该知道你是可以增强你的自尊心和自信心的”，所以选G项。
2．D 解析：空处承接上文的“Act as the person you would want to be like.”，要像你想成为的那个人一样行动，这就需要你知道一个有信心的人是什么样子的，所以选D项。
3．B 解析：空处是本段主旨句，根据空后内容可知，本段主要讲改善积极的自我表达，所以选B项。
4．F 解析：空处承接上文的“The more you add to your accomplishments, the more confident you will feel about your abilities and skills.”，是这一行为的结果，故F项“你将会更加相信自己的内心，并更加欣赏自己”符合语境。
5．E 解析：空处承接并总结上文，E项与文章开头相呼应，符合文章主旨，故选E项。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P266(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·广州调研)Grady threw down his backpack and slammed the car door shut.
“This is going to be a really__1__week，” he said unhappily to no one__2__．He looked around the campground. Hundreds of blue?green fir trees，some as tall as church towers，__3__ the mountainside，giving it the appearance of a lush green carpet. The sun would be setting soon. Then，Grady thought，maybe the __4__ wouldn’t feel so bad. Even up here in the__5__，the hot stickiness of July clung to him.
Grady hated camping，but it was something his family __6__ every summer. His father liked cooking over an open fire，telling stories about how to __7__ things like bear attacks and swarms of bees. His mother and younger brother Jared liked to hike and take __8__ of animals. Jared had a collection of bug pictures that he’d __9__ to the walls in his half of their room. Grady thought they were just scary and considered them proof that Jared was a __10__ kid.
They set up camp—two __11__，one for his parents and one for himself and Jared. While everyone else started __12__ dinner，Grady，looking for some place to cool down，set off for the nearby stream，which was deep enough to __13__ in.
As he __14__ the stream，something caught his eye. There was a(n) __15__ black bear cub—no more than two feet tall with a lovely face. It was playing __16__ at the water’s edge，__17__ its surroundings. Grady moved closer to get a __18__ look.Then Grady heard a sound behind him.He __19__ his father saying that bear cubs would never be __20__．Then he turned around and saw the cub’s mother moving swiftly towards him...
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Grady和家人一起露营，由于天气太热，Grady独自一人去找小溪乘凉，却遇到了黑熊的故事。
1．A.long B．interesting
C．peaceful D．risky
A 解析：根据空后的“unhappily”可知，此处应用long表示这一周会很漫长。long“漫长的”；interesting“有趣的”；peaceful“和平的，平静的”；risky“危险的，冒险的”。
2．A.in advance B．in brief
C．in particular D．in silence
C 解析：他不高兴地自言自语道：“这将是很漫长的一周。”Grady并没有特别地对某个人说，因此，C项符合语境。in silence“安静地，无声地”。
3．A.blocked B．covered
C．reflected D．scarred
B 解析：数以百计的蓝绿色冷杉树，有些像教堂塔一样高，覆盖着山坡，使山坡呈现出一个郁郁葱葱的像绿色地毯的外观。从下文的“carpet”可知，数以百计的冷杉树覆盖着山坡。block“阻止，阻塞”；cover“覆盖”；reflect“反射，映出”；scar“结疤，给……留下伤痕”。
4．A.dust B．campground
C．heat D．sun
C 解析：根据上文中的“The sun would be setting soon.”及下文中的“the hot stickiness of July clung to him”可知，Grady认为太阳下山后就不会那么热了。故C项heat“高温”符合语境。dust“尘土”；campground“野营地”。
5．A.mountain B．river
C．sky D．tower
A 解析：即使在山上，7月的炎热依旧如影随形。根据上文中的“mountainside”可知，作者的野营地在山上。故选A项。
6．A.believed in B．insisted on
C．came across D．lived through
B 解析：Grady讨厌野营，但是这是他家人每年夏天坚持的事情。根据空前的转折词but可知，Grady的家人和他的想法相反。believe in“相信”；insist on“坚持”；come across“偶遇”；live through“经历过”。故选B项。
7．A.encourage B．explore
C．recognize D．survive
D 解析：他的父亲喜欢在户外的火上做饭，讲关于如何在类似熊和蜜蜂的攻击下生存下来的故事。根据空后的“bear attacks and swarms of bees”可知，这些故事是关于如何在类似熊和蜜蜂攻击下生存的。survive“幸存，生还”符合语境。encourage“鼓励”；explore“探索”；recognize“认识，认出”。
8．A.care B．control
C．pictures D．examples
C 解析：根据后一句中的“Jared had a collection of bug pictures”可知，本空指给动物拍照。take pictures of...“拍……的照片”，为固定搭配。
9．A.guided B．pinned
C．taken D．thrown
B 解析：根据空后的“to the walls”可知，这些照片是被钉在墙上的。guide“指导，引导”；pin“(用钉等)钉住”；take“携带”；throw“扔”。
10．A.sensitive B．smart
C．tough D．strange
D 解析：根据语境可知，Grady认为这些(虫子的照片)非常吓人，并且把它们当作证明Jared是一个奇怪的孩子的证据。sensitive“敏感的”；smart“聪明的”；tough“坚强的”；strange“奇怪的”。
11．A.beds B．rooms
C．tents D．plates
C 解析：根据空前的“camp”可知，此处是搭起两个帐篷。bed“床”；room“房间”；tent“帐篷”；plate“盘子”。故选C项。
12．A.altering B．hunting
C．ordering D．preparing
D 解析：根据空后的“dinner”及常识可知，此处表示准备晚餐。alter“改变”；hunt“打猎”；order“点菜”；prepare“准备”。
13．A.dig B．swim
C．hide D．sink
B 解析：当其他人都在开始准备晚餐的时候，Grady想要寻找清凉的地方，于是动身去附近的小溪。这条小溪足够深，可以在里面游泳。根据本句中的“looking for some place to cool down”可知，Grady想在小溪里游泳凉快一下。dig“挖”；swim“游泳”；hide“躲藏”；sink“沉没”。
14．A.crossed B．imagined
C．left D．neared
D 解析：根据上文中的“set off for the nearby stream”可知，Grady朝小溪走去，因此此处表示离小溪越来越近。near“靠近(某地方)”符合语境。
15．A.adorable B．aggressive
C．injured D．large
A 解析：根据空后的“no more than two feet tall with a lovely face”可知，小黑熊很可爱。adorable“可爱的”；aggressive“侵略性的，好斗的”；injured“受伤的”。故选A项。
16．A.cautiously B．joyfully
C．forcefully D．nervously
B 解析：小黑熊在水边快乐地玩耍，忽视了它周围的环境。cautiously“小心地，谨慎地”；joyfully“高兴地”；forcefully“强有力地”；nervously“紧张地”。故选B项。
17．A.attacking B．destroying
C．hating D．ignoring
D 解析：参见上题解析。attack“攻击，进攻”；destroy“破坏”；hate“讨厌”；ignore“忽视，不顾”。
18．A.better B．brighter
C．fixed D．lasting
A 解析：Grady走近了一点，想看得更清楚一些。get a better look“看得更清楚”。
19．A.found B．learned
C．remembered D．misunderstood
C 解析：这时Grady听到后面传来一阵声音，Grady记起父亲说过熊的幼仔不会单独出行的。find“发现”；learn“学会，了解到”；remember“记得”；misunderstand“误解”。
20．A.alone B．awake
C．cute D．scared
A 解析：根据空后的“Then he turned around and saw the cub’s mother moving swiftly towards him...”可知，小黑熊的妈妈正朝Grady迅速地走来。因此，此处表示熊的幼仔从来不会单独出行的。alone“独自的”；awake“醒着的”；cute“漂亮的，聪明的”；scared“恐惧的，惊恐的”。
语法填空
(2019·福建高三毕业班质检)No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs. Yet 1.____________(publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining 2.____________(they)．
Most of the clubs work the same way. Members read the same book at the same time. Then they meet to talk about the book. Members may be friends or people 3.____________ live near each other. Some Americans belong to reading groups on 4.____________ Internet. These groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read. They send electronic mails instead of gathering 5.____________(discuss) books.
Most reading groups study books by 6.____________(variety) writers. However，some groups read the work of a single writer，7.____________(usual) one that has been famous for a while. Other groups may 8.____________(name) for an important person in the work of a writer，9.____________ a Sherlock Holmes Club. Members of these book clubs often are experts on their 10.____________ (choose) reading materials. One member of a Holmes reading group，for example，can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国越来越多的人加入读书俱乐部以及读书俱乐部的运作方式、命名方式等。
1．publishers 解析：考查名词。此处与and后面的bookstores一起构成并列主语，publisher为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故填publishers。
2．them 解析：考查代词。join表示“成为……的一员，加入”，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语，故填they的宾格形式them。
3．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。先行词是people，空处在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
4．the 解析：考查冠词。on the Internet“在网上”，为固定搭配。
5．to discuss 解析：考查非谓语动词。他们发送电子邮件而不是聚集起来讨论他们读过的书。此处动词不定式作目的状语。
6．various 解析：考查形容词。大部分读书俱乐部研究不同作家的书。空后的writers为名词，应该用形容词来修饰，variety的形容词形式为various，故填various。
7．usually 解析：考查副词。空后的“one that has been famous for a while”是空前writer的同位语。usually起强调作用，修饰代词one。部分副词起强调作用时，可修饰名词、代词、介词短语等，如：Even John agreed to come.(修饰名词)；Only she could come.(修饰代词)；He went to the party only because of his wife.(修饰介词短语)。
8．be named 解析：考查被动语态。此处name是动词，意为“命名”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Other groups”之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词，故填be named。
9．like 解析：考查介词。其他的俱乐部可能以一个作家的作品里的一个重要人物而命名，比如夏洛克·福尔摩斯俱乐部。空后为举例子，故填like“像，例如”。
10．chosen 解析：考查非谓语动词。这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们选中的阅读材料方面的专家。提示词choose是动词，与其所修饰的名词短语“reading materials”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用choose的过去分词作定语，故填chosen。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P267(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·合肥高三调研)Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon 61.____________(find) a deep appreciation of this season.
The change of leaf colors is a common reason given 62.____________ the love of fall. Each tree reacts 63.____________(different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing; however, other 64.____________(tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect 65.____________(call) the fight?or?flight response.
Fall is a time of 66.____________(reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found a meaning of fall for me. I’m 67.____________ 18?year?old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps 68.____________(move). The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn’t stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.
The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you 69.____________(go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover 70.____________ fall means to you.
【解题导语】 “我”的许多朋友喜欢秋天，“我”对秋天有自己的感受。生命的轮回让“我”意识到“我”应当不断进步。
61．found 解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“Last weekend”可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
62．for 解析：考查介词。根据该句中的“a common reason”可知，叶子颜色的变化是爱上秋天的一个常见原因。reason for...表示“……的原因”。
63．differently 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词react，故用副词形式。
64．trees 解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的“Some...other”可知，该处表示另外一些树，故用复数形式。
65．is called 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。这种反应被称为“战斗或逃跑”反应。该句陈述的是自然现象，故用一般现在时；主语This effect和动词call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
66．reflection 解析：考查名词。根据空前的介词of及空后的preparation可知，空处用名词作该介词的宾语。
67．an 解析：考查冠词。该处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，18?year?old的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
68．moving 解析：考查非谓语动词。该处指“有时候我想放弃，但是我看看我的周围，意识到生命在继续向前”。keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”。
69．to go 解析：考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。
70．what 解析：考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，该从句作discover的宾语；同时空处也作从句中means的宾语，故用what引导该宾语从句。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·南宁摸底联考)I came to the U．S. as a exchange student a year before. There are four people in my host family. They are Mr. Garavalia，his wife and his child. The host family has a magic what has pulled me in and make me part of it. I remember when I first arrived at my house，it was far past their usual bedtime. But Mr. Garavalia still waited me in the living room and gave me a huge hug just as I walked in.I was felt so warm after 14 hours of tired flight. Every day they treat me as if I were their really family.I love them very much.
答案：
I came to the U．S. as exchange student a year .There are four people in my host family. They are Mr. Garavalia，his wife and his .The host family has a magic has pulled me in and me part of it. I remember when I first arrived at house，it was far past their usual bedtime. But Mr. Garavalia still waited me in the living room and gave me a huge hug just as I walked in. I felt so warm after 14 hours of flight. Every day they treat me as if I were their family. I love them very much.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·石家庄教学质检二)假定你是李华，目前在你校的友好学校美国的Wilson High School学习交流，将于下周一回国。请通过电子邮件给该校校长Mr. Smith写一封感谢信。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Mr. Smith，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear_Mr._Smith，
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China visiting your school now. How time flies! I’ve been here for several weeks and will be back home next Monday. I’m writing to extend my sincere thanks to you.
During my stay, I’ve learnt so much about your school. To my amazement, your school possesses great learning resources and excellent teachers. Thanks to your proper arrangements, I attended many classes of different subjects, learning much knowledge. Meanwhile, I established good relationships with some students in your school and got to know your culture at the same time. I sincerely hope you can visit my school someday.
Thank you for your help and support again. Welcome to China.
Yours，
Li_Hua
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