Unit 10 Money
[学生用书P77]
单句语法填空
1．He felt ____________(shame) of cheating in the exam, deciding never to do such things again.
答案：ashamed
2．He fought against the illness with courage and ____________(determine)．
答案：determination
3．Health officials have tried to raise public ____________(aware) about AIDS.
答案：awareness
4．According to some experts，everything in ____________(exist) is reasonable.
答案：existence
5．Everyone ____________(concern) in the incident was questioned by the police.
答案：concerned
6．The news reporter hurried to the airport，only ____________(inform) that the star had left.
答案：to be informed
7．The children won’t be allowed to go there if they don’t behave ____________(they)．
答案：themselves
8．The teacher got ____________(annoy) when the boy refused to answer his question.
答案：annoyed
9．The spokesman refused to make comments ____________ the accident happening last night.
答案：on/upon
10．Thanks to the ____________(advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.
答案：advanced
单句改错
1．I have heard that Tom is ill.If is so，I will go to see him today. ____________________
答案：去掉第二个is
2．To our amused，our maths teacher was wearing a pair of red trousers that day. ____________________
答案：amused→amusement
3．The old man did went through many difficulties during the World War Ⅱ in 1944. ____________________
答案：went→go
4．The boy was so clever that he was sent to the advancing class. ____________________
答案：advancing→advanced
5．As far as I concerned，the young man is too careless to finish the work.____________________
答案：I后加am
单元语法——不定代词与不定式
单句语法填空
1．Talking about buying cars，I prefer a car less than 100，000 yuan to ____________ over the amount.
答案：one
2．If you have ____________ question，please call us and we are at your service at any time.
答案：any
3．____________(save) power，turn off the hot water after you take a shower.
答案：To save
4．I don’t know what ____________(expect) when I go abroad for further education.
答案：to expect
5．The officer ordered all the soldiers ____________(leave) the broken building at once.
答案：to leave
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having become a millionaire，some people still continue to be 1.____________(concern) about money and work hard to get all the money，2.____________ others，one of whom is Charles Gray，have turned their backs on their money and try 3.____________(be)a happy person.Although Charles Gray is very 4.____________(wealth)，he is leading a simple life.He lives in a small room which 5.____________(equip) with second?hand furniture.In fact，Charles was pleased 6.____________(give) up the lifestyle of a rich man.7.____________(tire) of being a person who had everything in a world，he gave all his money away，which brought him a lot of happiness.Having discovered that most of the people 8.____________ wanted to earn much money never made 9.____________，Charles decided to drop out.In his opinion，having only a little money makes a person much 10.____________(happy)．
答案：1.concerned 2.while 3.to be 4.wealthy 5.is equipped 6.to give 7.Tired 8.who 9.it 10.happier
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．许多人一心想挣钱。一旦他们阔绰起来，他们就会考虑他们要用这些钱做些什么。(be determined to)
2．一些人可能会把一些钱捐出去帮助残疾人。(give away)
3．一些人用钱帮助失业的人们。(out of work)
4．就我而言，我们应通过辛勤的劳动致富，对财富不要过分贪婪。(as far as sb. be concerned；greedy)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
A large number of people is determined to earn money.Once they get rich，they tend to consider what they will do the money.Some people may give away some money to help the disable.Others will help those whom are out of work with money.As far to I’m concerned，we are supposed to earn money by working hard and we shouldn’t be too greedy for wealth.
答案：
A large number of people determined to earn money.Once they get rich，they tend to consider what they will do the money.Some people may give away some money to help the .Others will help those are out of work with money.As far I’m concerned，we are supposed to earn money by working hard and we shouldn’t be too greedy for wealth.
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必修4
BI XIU SI
Unit 10 Money
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 10 Money
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P278(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·太原模拟)
·Shape
According to its website, Shape is a magazine for American women with active lifestyles.This women’s health magazine covers everything from diet and exercise to psychology.What is great about Shape is that it knows that it must cover a lot more than fitness to give women all the information they need to stay healthy.Besides all the great features included in its print magazine, it also has an easily accessible website that anyone can use.
·Women’s Day
Women’s Day is not only specifically a women’s health magazine, but also includes a little information of what Shape has, along with more information on other aspects of life: family, money, travel and style. Many of the articles in Women’s Day deal with specific diseases that are common to women, such as heart disease, breast cancer and others.
·Women’s Health
From tips to recent health news to articles about world affairs, Women’s Health has everything that you expect in a women’s health magazine. Another great feature is that Women’s Health has a great website full of information, as well as articles from past magazines that you can check out. This is a great resource, since it lets you get to see articles well at the office.
·Fitness
This magazine covers important topics such as physical fitness, health & beauty, and mental health. It offers something new in each issue, and it’s always easy to understand. The workouts are clearly presented with good photos to illustrate(说明) every movement, and almost all can be done without making a trip to the gym.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一些女性生活健康杂志。
1．What’s the purpose of writing the text?
A．To describe some famous websites.
B．To predict the best?selling writers.
C．To introduce some health magazines for women.
D．To advertise some fashion magazines for women.
C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，根据Shape中的“According to its website, Shape is a magazine for American women with active lifestyles.”， Women’s Day中的“Women’s Day is not only specifically a women’s health magazine, but also includes a little information of what Shape has”， Women’s Health中的“Women’s Health has everything that you expect in a women’s health magazine”，以及Fitness中的“This magazine covers important topics such as physical fitness, health & beauty, and mental health.”， 我们不难发现本文是一则广告， 主要介绍了一些女性生活健康杂志， 故选C项。
2．How is Women’s Day different from the others?
A．It deals with many life problems.
B．It provides information on family life.
C．It includes many articles about women.
D．It gives people a lot of health information.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Women’s Day中的“includes a little information of...aspects of life”可知， Women’s Day 不同于其他杂志的是它处理许多生活问题。故选A项。
3．What makes the information in Fitness easy to understand?
A．Good examples.
B．Important topics.
C．Interesting stories.
D．Illustrative pictures.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据Fitness中的“The workouts are clearly presented with good photos to illustrate(说明) every movement, and almost all can be done without making a trip to the gym.”可知， 说明性图片使Fitness提供的信息更容易理解。故选D项。
B
(2019·昆明摸底测试)When she was found off the coast of California four years ago, the fur seal, known as Ziggy Star, was skinny and fragile. She was unfit to return to the wild. And though a professional rescue team took her in to care for her, Ziggy continued to decline.“I wouldn’t have given her next week，” says Uriarte, a surgeon who led a recent first?of?its?kind brain operation on the seal.
The operation was the first of its kind to treat hydrocephalus in fur seals. The surgical team at Tufts was unable to find any documented evidence of a similar procedure, so they needed a lot of preparation to operate on Ziggy’s brain. The biggest concern in operating on Ziggy was how to control the animal’s anesthesia(麻醉)．“When they’re under anesthesia, their body’s reaction includes decreasing their heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing，”says Flower, who observes Ziggy and the other animals’ care, describing the special challenges of operating on seals. On the day of the surgery, Flower says that she and her team “were all quite anxious not knowing what would happen”. Moving quickly was extremely important; the longer she was under anesthesia, the more likely that she could lose her breathing, says the surgeon. The seal has been kept on land to prevent water from entering the cut on her head.
Now, Ziggy is eating a full diet and is beginning to gain weight again.“Recently I’ve allowed her to go swimming，” says Flower. However, the source of Ziggy’s neurological disorder(神经紊乱) is still a mystery.“My theory is that when she was found, she had a head injury，”Uriarte says.“Hit by a boat maybe...That happens a lot with seals.” Flower is less willing to guess.“I don’t think there’s enough information to make that assumption. We just don’t know what happened to her.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Ziggy Star是一只在加利福尼亚海岸被发现的非常瘦弱的海豹，因为Ziggy有脑积水，医生为她进行了手术，她现在已经能够正常进食，体重也在逐步恢复，但究竟是什么导致了她的神经紊乱，这依旧是一个谜。
4．When first found, Ziggy Star looked ________．
A．thin and weak
B．active and excited
C．bloody and fierce
D．strong and energetic
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When she was found off the coast of California four years ago, the fur seal, known as Ziggy Star, was skinny and fragile.”中的skinny(极瘦的)和fragile(虚弱的)可知A项正确。
5．What was the most challenging task on the day of the operation?
A．Helping the seal regain her breathing.
B．Using anesthesia properly on the seal.
C．Making full preparations for the operation.
D．Balancing the functions of the seal’s organs.
B 解析：细节理解题。题干中的关键词是the most challenging task(最有挑战性的任务)，据此定位到第二段中的“The biggest concern in operating on Ziggy was how to control the animal’s anesthesia(麻醉)．”，由此可知，手术最大的挑战是如何控制麻醉，所以选B。
6．What can we learn about Ziggy after the operation?
A．She is strong enough to live in the wild.
B．She is suffering from a heart rate disorder.
C．She has already become as heavy as before.
D．She is recovering from the brain operation.
D 解析：推理判断题。题干的关键词是after the operation，据此定位到文章最后一段第一句“Now, Ziggy is eating a full diet and is beginning to gain weight again.”，由此可知，手术后，海豹已经能够正常进食，体重也在恢复，所以选D。
7．What is probably the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To show humans’ love for a creature.
B．To find out a way to operate on a seal.
C．To remember an injured seal in danger.
D．To explore the reasons for a seal’s injury.
A 解析：写作意图题。作者在文章中介绍了拯救受伤海豹的过程，旨在说明人们对于动物的爱护，所以选A。
C
(2019·河北五个一名校联考)Two of the saddest words in the English language are “if only”. I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.
My father is famous in our family for saying, “Take the extra minute to do it right.” I always try to live by the “extra minute” rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an “if only” moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding(衬垫) on to the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.
I don’t only avoid those “if only” moments when it comes to safety. It’s equally important to avoid “if only” in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had forgone an opportunity to say “I love you” or “I forgive you”. When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn’t be here. But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn’t miss an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.
I know there will still be occasions when I have to say “if only” about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I’m doing the right thing. I’m buying myself peace of mind and that’s the best kind of insurance for my emotional well?being.
【解题导语】 “我” 认为英语中最悲伤的两个词是 “if only”，因为它们表达了遗憾。父亲在 “我” 小时候经常告诉我们花费额外的时间也要把事情做好来避免遗憾， “我” 听从父亲的建议并认为这样做是对的。
8．Why does the writer regard “if only” as two of the saddest words in the English language?
A．Because people use them when they feel sad.
B．Because they express regrets and disappointment in life.
C．Because they remind the writer of some sad experiences.
D．Because they mean sadness in the English language.
B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“Two of the saddest words in the English language are ‘if only’．.. because they convey regrets, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.”可知， “我” 认为英语中最令人伤心的两个词是 “if only”，因为这两个词表达了后悔、错失的机会、错误和失望。故选B项。
9．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “forgone” in Paragraph 3?
A．Given up. B．Come across.
C．Got through. D．Held back.
A 解析：词义猜测题。该词所在的句子表达的意思是：我们都认识这样的人，他们在失去所爱之人后会后悔错失了说 “我爱你” 或 “我原谅你” 的机会。所以画线词表示 “失去了”，和短语give up意思接近。故选A项。
10．The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ________．
A．see a doctor B．finish her work
C．join a celebration D．accompany her father
D 解析：细节理解题。题干中的关键信息 “decided to go to her office” 对应原文中的“I had decided to go to work”，由此定位到倒数第二段。从倒数第二段可以看出， “我” 知道父亲要去自己办公室对面看眼科医生时，本来打算按原计划休假，但突然意识到父亲已经84岁了，所以 “我” 决定即便是自己的休息日，为了陪父亲，也会去上班。故选D项。
11．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Advice from My Father
B．Avoidance of Saying “If Only”
C．The “Extra Minute” Rule
D．The Importance of Emotional Well?being
B 解析：标题归纳题。根据首尾段的第一句话及文章大意可知，本文主要是针对避免说英语中最悲伤的两个词 “if only” 进行阐述的，所以B项 “避免说‘if only’” 符合全文内容。故选B项。
D
(2019·惠州调研)Following the crowd may not always be in a person’s best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.
Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That’s true for both teens and adults. The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.
So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13. They interviewed each one every year for five years, and also spoke to these teens’ closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27. This time, the questions surveyed each person’s overall health. When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teen’s behavior and adult health. Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults. Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health. Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults. The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight, family income and drug use were all examined. So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression. And in these people, such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.
“Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，” says Allen, “but there are also drawbacks. Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work. And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs. Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，” Allen acknowledges. “Finding the right balance is the key. Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy.” And, he adds, “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”
【解题导语】 研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处有时也有坏处。
12．Where can you probably read this passage?
A．Science fiction.
B．Health column.
C．Fashion magazine.
D．Entertainment newspaper.
B 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自 “健康专栏”。故B项正确。
13．We can learn from Allen’s study that________．
A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships
B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health
C．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27
D．the teens who couldn’t express themselves grew up to be unhealthier
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back...sick as adults.”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。
14．According to what Allen said, we can know that________．
A．in order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowd
B．though it’s challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give up
C．teens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure
D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn’t lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故B项正确。
15．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.
B．Close friendships are the most important for people’s health.
C．Teen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.
D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思。故C项正确。
七选五
(2019·长沙模拟)With today’s stressful lifestyles, it’s important to have time that you spend doing something just for the fun of it. While there are many great hobbies to choose from, the hobbies here are particularly useful in relieving stress.
1．________
Whether you simply learn to take better pictures of your friends and family, or explore the world of creating true art, photography can be a great hobby. As you practice seeing the world through the eyes of a photographer, you may begin to see things differently.
Gardening
Gardening can be a great stress reliever for many reasons.2.________. In addition, it can also create more beautiful surroundings to come home for each day, and more.
Knitting
Aside from helping you create beautiful gifts for yourself and others, knitting provides you with an opportunity to relieve stress. The repetitive motion can get you into an experience of “flow”，or can at least provide an outlet for nervous energy.3.________．
Drawing
You can get in touch with your artistic side and use drawing as a way to process emotions.4.________. The end result will be something beautiful and personal that you can enjoy or share.
Playing the piano
5．________. While listening to music can probably be considered a hobby, creating music can be an even more powerful stress relieving hobby. Learning to play an instrument such as the piano can be a stress reliever for you as well as for those around you.
A．Laughing more, stressing less
B．Exploring photography
C．It can get you into the sunshine and fresh air
D．Music has many health and stress relief benefits
E．These suggestions can help you reduce tension in your body now
F．Gradually knitting may be making you better at your day job
G．Besides, it can distract you, and achieve other stress management benefits
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了几种可以缓解压力的爱好。
1．B 解析：根据本段中的“photography can be a great hobby” 可知，本段推荐的兴趣是摄影，所以选B项。
2．C 解析：根据本段标题 Gardening 及空后一句可推知，做园艺工作可以享受阳光，呼吸新鲜空气，故选C项。
3．F 解析：承接上文的“The repetitive motion can get you into an experience of ‘flow’，or can at least provide an outlet for nervous energy.”并结合本段标题 Knitting 可推知，编织会让人们工作得更好，所以选F项。
4．G 解析：根据下文的“The end result will be something beautiful and personal that you can enjoy or share.” 可推知， 画画可以转移注意力，调节压力，所以选G项。
5．D 解析：根据下文的“While listening to music can probably be considered a hobby, creating music can be an even more powerful stress relieving hobby.” 可知，音乐有利于健康，并有助于缓解压力，所以选D项。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P281(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·襄阳、荆州、荆门、宜昌四地七校联考)I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May. I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves. It was such a __2__ and heavenly time.
My calm was broken, __3__， as I rounded a curve(拐弯处)．A huge U?Haul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to __4__ it. It was followed by not one but two other U?Haul trucks just as __5__．I wondered if all the stuff inside of them __6__ the same person. I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to __7__．It was then that I __8__ a self?storage business along the side of the highway, building new units for all the people who couldn’t fit their __9__ into their houses. I saw a(n)__10__ couple carrying boxes into one of the units. It seemed __11__ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.
I lost my own __12__ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned. The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing. Yet, our whole family had awakened __13__ to escape. In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet, but none of it seemed as __14__ any more.What was important was seeing Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair __15__ a hard day’s work. What was important was the stuff of __16__， not the stuff of this world. Since then I have tried to limit the things I would __17__．I didn’t want too much stuff to __18__ my life. I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and __19__ my family and others.
I assumed that only by doing so could I make my __20__．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述驾车途中的所见所感，并联想到自己家中曾经的火灾事件对他自身观念的影响，由此阐述了自己的感受：世上最重要的东西不是物质占有量，而在于精神世界的丰富，只有这样人才能感到快乐。
1．A.appreciating B．reflecting
C．admiring D．releasing
B 解析：根据“the golden sunshine ______ off the leaves”可知，此处意为“树叶反射出金色的阳光”。reflect“反射”符合语境。appreciate“感激，欣赏”；admire“钦佩，赞赏”；release“释放，发行”。
2．A.refreshing B．delightful
C．peaceful D．dynamic
C 解析：根据空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者当时的心情是平静愉快的，故peaceful符合语境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的”；delightful“讨人喜欢的，令人愉快的”；peaceful“平静的，宁静的”；dynamic“动力的，有活力的”。
3．A.though B．too
C．anyway D．instead
A 解析：根据空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空处所在句与上文构成转折关系，故though“可是，不过”符合语境。too“太，也”；anyway“不管怎样，无论如何”；instead“相反”。
4．A.miss B．reject
C．ignore D．desert
A 解析：根据空前一句中的“truck was coming my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者尽量把车子往路边开来躲开卡车。miss“避开，躲开(不好或讨厌的事)”；reject“排斥，丢掉”；ignore“忽视，不理睬”；desert“遗弃，丢弃”。
5．A.useful B．large
C．new D．good
B 解析：根据上文可知，一辆卡车越过了中心线几英尺向作者的方向驶来，结合语境可知，这辆大卡车后还跟着另外两辆同样大的(large)卡车，故选B。
6．A.turned to B．referred to
C．reacted to D．belonged to
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道三辆卡车上的东西是否属于(belong to)同一个人。belong to “属于”；turn to “转向，求助于”；refer to “参考，提到”；react to “对……作出反应”。
7．A.beat B．pulse
C．accelerate D．follow
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者放慢车速来平静心情调整心率。故follow “跟随，追赶” 符合语境。beat “打败，拍打”；pulse “跳动，搏动”；accelerate “加速，增加”。
8．A.noticed B．thought
C．did D．established
A 解析：该句中的It was then that是强调句型，意思是 “就在那时”。作者在平静心情时注意到路旁的一个自助存储公司。notice “注意到”；think“认为”；do“做”；establish “建立，创办”。
9．A.furniture B．boxes
C．possessions D．materials
C 解析：根据语境可知，这些设备是为那些无法把所有物(possessions)存储到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，财产”符合语境。furniture“家具，设备”；box“盒子”；material“材料”。
10．A.old B．young
C．middle?aged D．small
B 解析：根据空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此处young“年轻的”符合语境。middle?aged“中年的”。
11．A.curious B．apparent
C．certain D．obvious
A 解析：根据该句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已经拥有太多的东西)”可知，作者对此感到奇怪，故curious“稀奇古怪的”符合语境。apparent“显然的，表面上的”；certain“必然的，有把握的”；obvious“明显的，显然的”。
12．A.hope B．talent
C．faith D．taste
D 解析：根据语境可知，夜半时分一场大火烧毁了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有拥有(很多)东西的兴趣(taste)。taste“爱好，兴趣”符合语境。hope“希望”；talent“才能，天资”；faith“信仰，信念”。
13．A.in return B．in turn
C．in time D．in vain
C 解析：根据空前的“had awakened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及时(in time)醒来逃了出去。in return“作为回报”；in turn“反过来，轮流”；in vain“徒劳”。
14．A.affordable B．significant
C．beneficial D．practical
B 解析：根据空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空处所填词与important意思相同，故significant“重要的，有意义的”符合语境。affordable“买得起的”；beneficial“有益的”；practical“实用的”。
15．A.before B．in
C．after D．during
C 解析：根据生活常识可知，父亲打盹应该是在一天的艰辛工作之后，故after符合语境。
16．A.mind B．hand
C．head D．soul
D 解析：根据空前的“What was important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空处所填词与 “this world” 形成对比，再结合上文内容可知，作者认为精神世界的丰富更为重要。soul“(人类整体的)精神状况”符合语境。mind“头脑，智力”；hand“手”；head“头”。
17．A.purchase B．donate
C．waste D．need
A 解析：根据上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者从此努力限制自己购买(purchase)东西的数量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故选A。donate“捐赠”；waste“浪费”；need“需要”。
18．A.put up B．crowd up
C．bring up D．set up
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示作者不想让太多的物品充斥自己的生活。故crowd up符合语境。put up “张贴，搭建”；bring up “抚养，养育，提出”；set up “建立”。
19．A.helping B．abusing
C．loving D．affecting
C 解析：根据空后的“my family and others”可以推断此处意为“爱我的家人和其他人”，故选C。abuse “滥用”；affect “影响”。
20．A.name B．day
C．world D．way
B 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示只有这样做作者才能开心。make sb.’s day为固定用法，意为“使某人非常高兴”。
语法填空
(2019·绵阳第一次诊断)For Nigel Portman, a love of travelling began with what’s called a “gap year”. In common with many other British teenagers, he chose 1.____________(take) a year out before settling down to study for his degree. After doing various 2.____________(job) to raise some money, he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures, visiting America and Asia. The more adventurous the young persons are, the 3.____________(great) the challenge they are likely to set 4.____________(them) for the gap year, and for some, like Nigel, it can result in a thirst for adventure.
Now that his university course 5.____________(come) to an end, Nigel is just about to leave on a three?year trip that will take him right around the world. What’s more, he plans to make the whole journey 6.____________(use) only means of transport which are powered by natural energy. In other words, he’ll be relying 7.____________(main) on bicycles and his own legs; and when there’s an ocean to cross, he won’t be taking a shortcut(捷径) 8.____________flying aboard—he’ll be joining the crew of a sailing ship, instead.
As well as doing some mountain climbing along 9.____________way, Nigel hopes to pass on to the people he meets the environmental message 10.____________lies behind the whole idea.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了一个大学生利用 “间隔年” 去旅行，以实际行动倡议环保的故事。
1．to take 解析：考查非谓语动词。choose to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“选择做某事”，故用不定式作宾语。
2．jobs 解析：考查名词复数。job是可数名词，且根据其前的定语various可知，此处应用复数形式，表示 “各种工作”。
3．greater 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据固定句型the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..“越……越……”可知，此处用形容词比较级。
4．themselves 解析：考查代词。喜欢冒险的年轻人很可能给他们自己设置更大的间隔年挑战。此处与they呼应，故用反身代词作宾语。
5．has come 解析：考查动词时态。now that是连词，引导状语从句，意为“既然”，由此可知事情已经发生，应用完成时，且与语境中的is呼应，故用现在完成时。
6．using 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词use和主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语作伴随状语。
7．mainly 解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，在句子中作状语。故用副词mainly修饰谓语动词。
8．by/through 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示 “以……方式/方法”，与上文中的“only means of transport” 呼应，故用介词by/through。
9．the 解析：考查冠词。along the way为固定搭配，意为“在……过程中”，符合语境，故用定冠词。
10．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。此处用that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the environmental message。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P282(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·惠州高三第一次调研考试)Recent months have seen a return of bikes across China. With an increasing number of people choosing cycling instead of 61.____________(drive) to schools, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction of bike?sharing programs has brought the trend to a new level.
The bikes 62.____________(equip) with GPS and can be left anywhere in public for the next user.They’re popular among many Chinese people as they provide 63.____________effective solution in places 64.____________ it’s difficult to change from one kind of transport to another. Bike?sharing is a 65.____________(green) method of transportation and 66.____________(provide) a more friendly experience.
However, the programs have also led to problems such as 67.____________(legal) parking, deliberate(蓄意的) damage and theft. To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of encouraging people 68.____________(return) the bikes to stations 69.____________ rewarding free time for their next rides.Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address these problems, too. For example, Mobike sets a 100?point credit score for each user, with 70.____________(point) taken in the case of bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, the bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes, up from 0.5－1 yuan.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了共享单车在国内的兴起和发展情况。共享单车受到了大众的欢迎，但是也带来了很多问题。为了解决这些问题，经营共享单车的公司也采取了一些措施。
61．driving 解析：考查非谓语动词。越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车到学校、工作场所或去观光。根据空前的介词 of 可知，空处应用动词?ing形式，故用driving。
62．are equipped 解析：考查时态和语态。这些自行车装配了GPS，可以被停在公共场合的任何地方留给下一个用户。此处是客观性描述，且The bikes和equip之间是被动关系，故填are equipped。
63．an 解析：考查冠词。该处指“一种有效的解决方法”，表示泛指；effective的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
64．where 解析：考查定语从句。它们受到许多中国人的欢迎，因为它们在难以从一种交通工具转变到另一种交通工具的地方提供了一种有效的解决办法。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中places 为先行词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where 引导该定语从句。
65．greener 解析：考查形容词的比较级。共享单车是一种更绿色的交通方式。根据本句中的“more friendly”可知，本空应用比较级形式与之构成并列关系。故填greener。
66．provides 解析：考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语是Bike?sharing，且由本句中的“is”可知，空处应用动词provide 的单数形式，故填provides。
67．illegal 解析：考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处指非法停车。故填illegal，意为“非法的”。
68．to return 解析：考查非谓语动词。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to return。
69．by 解析：考查介词。为了解决这些问题，公司提出了一种想法，通过奖励人们下一次免费骑车的时间，鼓励他们将自行车送回车站。根据语境可知，空处应用by表示方式。
70．points 解析：考查名词复数。摩拜公司为每个用户设置了100分的信用评分，如有不良行为就减分。point 在此处为可数名词，且其前没有限定词修饰，故填points。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019· 湖北七市联考)My name is Lisa, one of you great friends. Glad to see you’ve made rapid progresses in learning Chinese but I am writing to tell you about our next lesson. The lesson will be gave from 3：00 to 5：00 in the afternoon of March 20th in Classroom 301. In the class, what you will mainly learn is Tang Poetry, deep loved by Chinese people. In order to make easy for you to go through the class, you’d better to make full preparations before class. And you should have a brief understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty, during that several poets became famous.
I am looking forward to meet you!
答案：
My name is Lisa, one of great friends. Glad to see you’ve made rapid in learning Chinese I am writing to tell you about our next lesson. The lesson will be from 3：00 to 5：00 the afternoon of March 20th in Classroom 301. In the class, what you will mainly learn is Tang Poetry, loved by Chinese people. In order to make easy for you to go through the class, you’d better make full preparations before class. And you should have a brief understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty, during several poets became famous.
I am looking forward to you!
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·日照模拟)假如你是在英国学习的交换生李华，住在同学Peter家里。你上周网购的联想(Lenovo)笔记本电脑将于本周日到货，但你因陪同父母到伦敦旅游不能按时返回取货，请你给Peter写一封电子邮件，让他帮忙代收并验货。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Peter，
I think I need your help. Last Friday I placed an order for a laptop online, and it is estimated to arrive to your address this Sunday. But you know I’m out with my parents, and we are going for a trip to London this weekend. So I’m writing to let you know that it’s not convenient for me to go back to receive the laptop at home. Can you do me the favor, please?
It’s a Lenovo laptop made in China. Please give it a careful checkup and make sure the package is well preserved and the machine operates well. Don’t hesitate to contact me if you find any damage. Thank you very much.
Yours，
Li Hua
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