Unit 11 The Media
[学生用书P83]
单句语法填空
1．My ____________(explain) seemed to make things worse，which started to drive me mad.
答案：explanation
2．No one knows who it is that is ____________(blame) for the explosion of the chemical factory.
答案：to blame
3．____________(approach) the city centre，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
答案：Approaching
4．Mike pretended ____________(prepare) lunch when his mother stepped in the kitchen.
答案：to be preparing
5．She said that she was ____________(will) to pick you up at the airport tomorrow afternoon.
答案：willing
6．We can win this ____________(argue) if we present the facts clearly tomorrow.
答案：argument
7．It is reported that these GM fruits can defend people ____________ cancer, heart attack and many other diseases.
答案：against/from
8．The girl married well and she had been living a ____________(respect) life.
答案：respectable
9．Charlie made an attempt ____________(apologize) for what he had done, but his classmates wouldn’t talk to him.
答案：to apologize
10．It is known that a healthy diet will provide ____________(protect) against disease.
答案：protection
单句改错
1．The teacher demanded the students to go to the playground at once.____________________
答案：demanded后加of
2．Can you find an approach to get close to that hut where the old man is living？____________________
答案：get→getting
3．It is reported that it is a team consisted of ten scientists and fifteen painters.____________________
答案：consisted→consisting
4．Everybody knows that the man is supposed to be to blame on this.____________________
答案：on→for
5．What surprised him most was that all of the people here were in favour for his plan.____________________
答案：for→of
单元语法——被动语态(Ⅱ)；动名词
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It took three years to complete and ____________(build) using an interesting method.
答案：was built
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Research shows that ____________(give) up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well?being among older people, ____________(lead) to them becoming more isolated(隔绝的) and inactive.
答案：giving; leading
3．The tower that is rebuilt now will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.____________________
答案：第一个is后加 being
4．Read English every day is a good way to improve your spoken English. ____________________
答案：Read→Reading
5．The famous scientist is invited to give an open speech for the ceremony. ____________________
答案：open→opening
6．The little boy admitted cheat in the exam and promised not to do it again. ____________________
答案：cheat→cheating
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The classic advertisement，which is 1.____________(like) to be just the name of a company，gives information about finding certain products.This kind of advertising is unlikely to be suitable because of the 2.____________(compete) in the market place now.What advertisements need to do is 3.____________(attract) the public’s attention.Some advertisements 4.____________(make) up of pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are, 5.____________ others try to create advertisements people like looking at.So they spend much money 6.____________(apply) modern techniques to the advertisements.Modern advertisements combine the 7.____________(high) standards of design with ideas linked to the products.What’s more，these advertisers look 8.____________ other ways such as humour as well as unusual ideas to make people forget that someone 9.____________(try) to sell them something.There are also some public advertisements 10.____________ aim to help increase public knowledge and make our society a better place for everyone.
答案：1.likely 2.competition 3.to attract 4.are made
5．while 6.applying 7.highest 8.for 9.is trying 10.which
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．老师经常要求我们阅读英语文章以提高英语水平。(demand)
2．我尝试读《21世纪英文报》(21st Century)，我觉得这份报纸很适合我们学生。(attempt；find)
3．很多同学支持我的观点。(in favour of )
4．版面内容包括国家大事、体育、娱乐、故事等。(consist of)
5．我相信只要多读，我们在英语上一定会取得更大的进步。(as long as；be bound to；make great progress)
________________________________________________________________________
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(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
Our teacher often demands that we read English articles to improve our English，so I attempt read 21st Century，that I find suitable for us students.Many classmates are in favour of my opinion.The content of the paper consist of state affairs，sports，entertainment，stories，etc.I strong believe that as long as we do more reading books, we are bound to make great progress in English.
答案：
Our teacher often demands that we read English articles to improve our English，so I attempt read 21st Century， I find suitable for us students.Many classmates are in favour of my opinion.The content of the paper of state affairs，sports，entertainment，stories，etc.I believe that as long as we do more reading ， we are bound to make great progress in English.
PAGE
4
起身
出现
起床
产生
rises
arising
arouse
raise
(电影、电视的)一个镜头
场景
(事件发生的)地点
并列
时间状语从句
宾语
必修4
B|×|Us
Unit 11 The media
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 11 The Media
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P283(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·湖北重点中学模拟)Don’t have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in non?fiction books，here are good choices for you.
A Room of One’s Own
This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on her several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In it，Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone that allows men to be more successful at writing. Women，in other words，spend so much time cooking，cleaning，and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well，therefore，a woman must have “a room of her own”. While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes.
The Art of War
Written by ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Zi，The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略) in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters，each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war，the book has been translated into many languages and has thousands of editions. For centuries，it has been used to train military leaders for its detailed study of military strategy and effective leadership.
Letter to My Daughter
This book of essays and poems by Maya Angelou，a respectable American poet，is written for “the daughter she never had” —the millions of women，both young and old，who she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring，older relative，this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences，including the birth of her only child，a son，as well as the development and loss of friendship.
A Brief History of Time
If you’re short on time，then why not read about，well，the creation of time？This book，first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking，explores mind?bending questions about the creation of the universe，including if and when it will end，and if so，how. Despite its heavy subject matter，Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand，even for those who know little about physics.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。
1．What can we learn about the four books?
A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.
B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.
C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be military leaders.
D．A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes.”可知，虽然表面上这篇文章只跟写作有关，但是实际上它是有关财富和社会等级，自由和监禁以及两性之间的权力之争的，所以D项正确。more than意思是 “不仅仅”。
2．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．As a physicist，Hawking is equally famous for writing.
B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.
C．The book by Sun Zi is helpful in policy?making.
D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略)”和“each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war”可知，The Art of War对政策的制定有帮助。所以选项C正确。
3．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To make comparisons between the four books.
B．To recommend the four books to readers.
C．To make comments on the four books.
D．To promote sales of the four books.
B 解析：写作意图题。根据第一段 “Don’t have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in non?fiction books，here are good choices for you.”可知，本文的写作目的是向读者介绍文中提到的四本作品。所以选项B正确。
B
(2019·甘肃重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老) treated the message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.
Shades of that spirit spread over today’s conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light?heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, a bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, but for his smile.
Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams of head?cutting!
It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered(传递). Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and big winners do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising his patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he fails to get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.
Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you’re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn’t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toasted beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as a traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh，that’s all right. I’ll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded(被轰炸的) person is sure to have.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述当我们要告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意说话的方式和语气，还要带有同情心。
4．From “Dreams of head?cutting！”(Paragraph 3), we learn that the writer________．
A．was reminded of the cruel pharaoh
B．was mad at the sales agent
C．wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams
D．dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的描述可知，“我”对售票员的态度很恼火。
5．Which of the following is true?
A．The author really appreciated the neighbor’s warning.
B．From the passage we know that it is the bad news that makes someone angry.
C．If the runner brought to the pharaoh unhappy news, he would be treated like a prince.
D．When we want to deliver any bad news, we should share the feeling of the receiver.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.”可知，当告诉别人不好的消息的时候，应该带有同情心，应该分担消息接收者不好的感觉。
6．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Receiving bad news requires great courage.
B．Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.
C．Delivering bad news with sympathy is important in communication.
D．Learning ancient traditions can be useful.
C 解析：主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们当我们告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意讲话的方式和态度，应该带有同情心，分担别人的忧愁。
7．In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was________．
A．not helpful B．not considerate
C．friendly D．warm?hearted
B 解析：推理判断题。第二段中的“As we walked light?heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said...I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches.”以及最后一段中的“Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.”可知，“我”认为邻居没有同情心，不能为别人考虑。故选B项。
C
(2019·山西太原高三模拟)At 39 weeks pregnant most women would only be thinking of racing to hospital.But not Amber Miller, who set off to run the Chicago Marathon while expecting her second child any day.
As she neared the final stage of the race, she began to feel pain in the stomach.But the determined athlete managed to cross the finish line in 6 hours and 25 minutes.
Unbelievably the Chicago race was not even baby June’s first marathon—Miller ran the Wisconsin Marathon earlier this year, four months pregnant.She also ran another marathon when she was about four months pregnant with her son, Caleb.
Although there was extra weight, the seasoned runner’s time was just 3 hours off her personal best.
Miller began to feel pain near the end of the race, but she was not sure if it was labor(分娩), because she typically feels some pain when she runs while pregnant.After her race her husband drove her to Central DuPage Hospital in Winfield where she gave birth to the healthy 7 pounds, 13 ounce baby.
Miller decided to run because she and her husband had already signed up for the race.The athletic mother said she experienced an enthusiastic welcome from crowds as she ran along.But the devoted runner, who had completed eight marathons, admitted that she did get a few strange looks along the course.
“I know what I can handle.This is something I’ve been doing for a long time，” the experienced marathon runner said.
June was born at 10：29 p．m.on Sunday night after seven hours’ labor.“She’s absolutely perfect，” Miller said.“We are extremely happy, but very tired.”
After her surprising double achievement, Miller says she is planning to take some time off to concentrate on being a fulltime mom.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，Amber Miller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿June。
8．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Miller failed to finish the race due to her labor.
B．Miller’s husband was against her running the race.
C．Miller knew she was going to give birth at the end of the race.
D．It wasn’t Miller’s first time to run a marathon while pregnant.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，这并非Miller第一次以孕妇之身参加马拉松比赛。年初，已经怀孕4个月的她参加了威斯康星州马拉松比赛。此外，在怀着第一个孩子Caleb的时候，她也参加过马拉松比赛。故选D。
9．What is the name of Miller’s kid born right after the Chicago Marathon?
A．Caleb. B．June.
C．Amber. D．Wisconsin.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句及倒数第二段中的“June was born at 10：29 p．m.on Sunday night after seven hours’ labor.”可知，芝加哥马拉松比赛结束后，Miller的小女儿June诞生了。故选B。
10．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．People have different attitudes to Miller’s action.
B．Miller will soon return for her favorite marathons.
C．The baby was in danger at birth because of the race.
D．Miller’s personal best in marathons was over 6 hours.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The athletic mother said she experienced an enthusiastic welcome from crowds as she ran along.But the devoted runner, who had completed eight marathons, admitted that she did get a few strange looks along the course.”可知，人们对Miller怀孕仍坚持跑马拉松比赛有着不同的态度。故选A。
11．What is the best title of the passage?
A．A Young American Couple Loving Marathons
B．How to Finish the Latest Chicago Marathon
C．How to Train a Pregnant Woman for Marathons
D．A Pregnant Woman Giving Birth After a Marathon
D 解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，Amber Miller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿。故选D。
D
(2019·辽宁五校协作体联考)I was just in France to visit my grandmother who is very dear to me.I don’t get to cross the Atlantic very often, and she’s now 96 years old, so every time I visit her, the two of us are very aware that it might be the last time we see each other.
Last year, I did a series of short video interviews about her life.I asked her what it was like growing up with her father in the 1910s, and living alone with two young children.I asked her about her greatest memories, and her favorite books, foods, etc.I learned a lot of amazing new things about her I had never known before.These were very intimate conversations, which made me better know her.
This year, I did not really have questions and I only had a great desire to make her know how much I love her.I cooked for her and read her stories.I gave her a foot massage(按摩), which was her first ever!
Before leaving, I was looking for a way to leave something meaningful behind besides the memory of our time together.Therefore, I wrote her five different love notes, and hid them in different places where I knew she would eventually find them.
I left really joyously knowing that these notes would surely cheer her up after I left.She called me as I was travelling back to Paris to catch my plane back to the U．S. and said. “I found your notes！By the time I discovered the last one, I was laughing out loud! Thank you so much, my sweetheart！” I smiled to myself, knowing she still had two more to go! It was Sunday, so my guess was that she had not checked her mailbox and had not yet driven her car!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了 “我” 与奶奶在一起的美好时光。
12．The underlined word “intimate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．close B．inspiring
C．impressive D．usual
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知， “我” 从奶奶那里学到了以前从未了解的东西，我们进行了亲密的谈话，这使 “我” 更加了解她。此处表示 “亲密的，密切的”，故选A。
13．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The author went to France to visit her grandmother very frequently.
B．The author didn’t expect her grandmother to find all the five notes.
C．The author and her grandmother enjoyed the time they stayed together.
D．The author’s home is not far from her grandmother’s.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一句话及下文内容可知， “我” 非常享受与奶奶在一起的时光，故选C。
14．From the last paragraph，we know that________．
A．Grandmother found all the notes immediately the author left
B．Grandmother had not checked her mailbox before the call
C．Grandmother always calls the author before she gets on the airplane
D．Grandmother does exercise by finding the notes
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“It was Sunday, so my guess was that she had not checked her mailbox and had not yet driven her car！”可知，奶奶在打电话之前并没有检查邮箱，故选B。
15．What might be the best title of the passage?
A．The Wonderful Time with Grandmother
B．The Meaningful Love Notes
C．The Person Who Influences Me Most
D．The Treasure of My Family
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知， “我” 回忆了与奶奶在一起的幸福时光，故选A。
七选五
(2019·长沙五月模拟)It’s easy to talk yourself out of exercising. Even when you have the best intentions to work out, excuses are so easy to find— “I’m too tired” or “I’m busy” or “The weather is bad”. Don’t worry! 1.________
?Take baby steps. You would never try to run 10 miles on one day, right? When you do too much too soon, you’ll end up injured and discouraged. Take it easy as you get started. Maybe you only run a quarter of a mile during your first week. 2.________
?Show the clock who is boss. Health experts say you should aim for at least 150 minutes of exercise a week, plus weight training at least twice a week. If you work too late to get to a gym, keep a set of weights at home. If you can’t do 30 minutes at once, break it up into 10?or 15?minute sections.
?3.________ Your workout should be just as much a habit as brushing your teeth or eating breakfast. When it’s part of your routine, you won’t even have to think about it. In a few months, fitness can be regular in your day.
?Keep it real. You’re not going to shake off 30 pounds in a week. 4.________For example, increase your workout schedule from 2 to 3 days a week, or exercise for 15 more minutes each time.
?Celebrate! 5.________Therefore, even a pound of weight loss or a pound of muscle gain is the reason to reward yourself. Go out with friends, or buy a new pair of jeans.
A．Get used to it.
B．Do it for yourself.
C．It takes weeks to see real changes.
D．Keep a fitness journal to record your progress.
E．Aim for something that’s realistic as a first step.
F．The following tricks can keep your fitness routine on track.
G．When it becomes easy for you, you can make it more challenging.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了能使自己坚持锻炼的几条建议。
1．F 解析：根据空前不去运动的借口以及下文的建议可知，空处在文中起到了承上启下的过渡作用，所以选F项。
2．G 解析：根据本段的主题句“Take baby steps.”及上文的“Take it easy as you get started. Maybe you only run a quarter of a mile during your first week.”可推知，你可以循序渐进，逐步挑战更大强度的锻炼，所以选G项。
3．A 解析：根据空后的“Your workout should be just as much a habit as brushing your teeth or eating breakfast.”可推知，要养成锻炼的习惯，并自觉去做，所以选A项。
4．E 解析：根据空前的“Keep it real. You’re not going to shake off 30 pounds in a week.”可知，锻炼的目标要现实可行，所以选E项。
5．C 解析：根据空后的“Therefore，even a pound of weight loss or a pound of muscle gain is the reason to reward yourself.”可推知，锻炼的效果并不会立竿见影，只要有效就值得庆贺，所以选C项。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P286(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·兰州诊断)My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, and is __1__ to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a __2__ who laughs loudly and chants, “Girls rule, boys drool.” But when that __3__ zone is not around her, she is shy and __4__．
This has been challenging for me __5__．“Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to __6__ me. But this has been a year of __7__ for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of __8__. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she __9__ her first kids’ triathlon(三项全能)．
On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son’s birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to __10__ her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to __11__ and to run with her. We got all the equipment she’d need and we kept talking about the __12__. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her __13__， she __14__ my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep calm.
And then it was time for her to go. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart __15__ quickly. My daughter __16__ into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the __17__with the biggest smile on her face.
I can honestly say that I never felt so __18__ of someone in my entire life. It wasn’t because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and __19__ that fear with confidence and fire I hadn’t seen before.
All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I __20__ that day.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿Kelly是一个做事谨慎，不自信且害羞的人，但是自从她参加了三项全能训练及比赛后，发生了很大的变化，对此作者感到很自豪。
1．A.brave B．eager
C．hesitant D．willing
C 解析：根据上文中的“My daughter Kelly is a cautious person.”可知，她需要对各种情况进行热身并且对尝试新事物犹豫不决(hesitant)。
2．A.troublemaker B．leader
C．thinker D．fighter
B 解析：根据下文中的“who laughs loudly and chants, ‘Girls rule, boys drool.’ But when that ______ zone is not around her, she is shy and ______”可知，当与亲密的朋友在一起的时候，她就成为一位领导(leader)。
3．A.comfort B．danger
C．hardship D．compromise
A 解析：根据上文中的“laughs loudly and chants” 大声笑并且唱歌可知，作者的女儿感到很舒服，所以此处为当那个舒适(comfort)区不在她身边的时候。
4．A.scary B．nervous
C．painful D．thrilled
B 解析：根据上文中的“But when that ______ zone is not around her”可知，她会感到害羞和紧张(nervous)。
5．A.some times B．some time
C．on time D．at times
D 解析：根据下文中的“‘Shy’ is not a word that I think has ever been used to ______ me.”可知，此处表示 “这对作者来说有时很有挑战性”。
6．A.attract B．catch
C．describe D．meet
C 解析：根据上文中的“This has been challenging for me ______．”可知，这对作者来说有时很有挑战性，说明作者并不总是那么害羞，因此“shy”这个单词用来描述作者不合适。
7．A.firsts B．seconds
C．finals D．ends
A 解析：根据下文中的“This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team... And this year she ______ her first kids’ triathlon(三项全能)．”可知，但对作者的女儿来说，这是一年的第一次(firsts)，让她充满了新的自信。
8．A.circumstance B．confidence
C．coincidence D．dependence
B 解析：参见上题解析。confidence “自信”。
9．A.defeated B．lost
C．completed D．quitted
C 解析：根据上文中的“This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels.”可知，今年作者的女儿取得了很多成绩，此处与前文形成并列关系，所以此处为今年她首次完成了(completed)她的三项全能。
10．A.arrange B．attend
C．achieve D．accompany
B 解析：为了Kelly去参加(attend)她的第一次三项全能比赛，我们所有人在早晨很早的时候就出门了。
11．A.bus B．bike
C．taxi D．motorcycle
B 解析：根据上文中的“This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels.”可知选B。
12．A.race B．life
C．test D．assignment
A 解析：根据上文中的“And this year she ______ her first kids’ triathlon(三项全能)．”可知，作者的女儿是在进行比赛，所以此处为我们购买了她需要的所有设备，我们一直在谈论比赛(race)。
13．A.chance B．turn
C．failure D．success
B 解析：根据上文中的“But as we waited the two hours...”及下文中的“And then it was time for her to go.”可知，作者和女儿正在等待，所以此处表示 “在轮到女儿之前”。
14．A.held B．pressed
C．squeezed D．scratched
A 解析：上文说作者的女儿是一个谨慎害羞的孩子，所以在向作者表达爱意的时候不免有些紧张，所以此处为她紧紧地拉着(held)作者的腿，告诉作者她很爱作者。
15．A.settled B．arose
C．sank D．rose
D 解析：根据上文中的“From the second she jumped into the water”可知，作者的女儿参加比赛，作为家长会感到很紧张，即此处表示 “我的心迅速地提了起来(rose)”。
16．A.translated B．transplanted
C．transformed D．transported
C 解析：根据下文中的“She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the ______ with the biggest smile on her face.”可知，作者的女儿已经有了很大的改变，因此transformed符合语境。
17．A.stand B．summit
C．deadline D．finish
D 解析：从开始到结束(finish)的整个过程中，她都一直处于主导地位，而且脸上始终带着灿烂的微笑。
18．A.ashamed B．sensible
C．proud D．critical
C 解析：女儿从一位害羞没有自信的女孩变成很有自信的女孩，作为家长作者感到很自豪。
19．A.seized B．conquered
C．grasped D．possessed
B 解析：此处表示 “用自信和激情克服了(conquered)恐惧，这是我以前从没见过的”。
20．A.won B．thought
C．reserved D．removed
A 解析：根据上文中的“All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling.”可知，女儿的胜利使作者感到自豪，所以尽管女儿可能戴着决赛的奖牌，但作者觉得那天是自己赢(won)了。
语法填空
(2019·青海西宁第一次联考)Everyone seems 1.____________(have) his or her own holiday.Dad has Father’s Day.Mom has Mother’s Day.Children have Children’s Day.Lovers have Valentine’s Day.But is there a special day 2.____________ older people?
Of course.The Chongyang Festival is the holiday 3.____________ Chinese people show love for their elders.4.____________(celebrate) on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the festival is also known as the Double Ninth Festival.Nine is the 5.____________(high) digit(数字), so it 6.____________(regard) that the two together mean a long life.
The festival comes during 7.____________ golden time of autumn.The clear weather and the joy of harvest make for a happy atmosphere.On the day, people 8.____________(traditional) climb a mountain and carry dogwood(茱萸)．People in ancient times 9.____________(believe) that the plant could drive away evil 10.____________(spirit) and prevent people against cold in winter.
【解题导语】 本文是说明文， 简单地介绍了中国的传统节日——重阳节。
1．to have 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指每个人似乎都有自己的节日。seem后接动词不定式作宾语。
2．for 解析：考查介词。此处表示老人的节日， 强调“对象”， 故用介词for。
3．when 解析：考查定语从句。重阳节是中国人向年长的人表达关爱的节日。分析句子结构可知， 空处引导定语从句， 先行词是表示时间的holiday, 且空处在从句中作时间状语， 故用when。
4. Celebrated 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， celebrate与其逻辑主语the festival之间是被动关系， 故用过去分词作状语。
5．highest 解析：考查形容词最高级。“9”被认为是最大的个位数字。根据空前的“the”可知， 此处应用high的最高级形式。
6．is regarded 解析：考查时态和语态。人们认为两个“9”意味着长寿。根据上下文可知此处用一般现在时， 且it与regard之间是被动关系， 故用一般现在时的被动语态。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。此处指秋天的黄金时期， 是特指， 故用定冠词the。
8．traditionally 解析：考查副词。所填词修饰整个句子， 故要用副词形式。traditionally“传统地”。
9．believed 解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语“in ancient times”可知此处要用一般过去时。
10．spirits 解析：考查名词复数。spirit在这里表示“幽灵， 鬼魂”， 是可数名词， 故用复数形式。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P287(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·广州综合检测)Each week New York?based hairstylist Mark Bustos tries to make a small difference in people’s lives 61.____________ giving haircuts to homeless people.
During the week, Mark works in his high?class salon, but each Sunday, he walks around the city asking people 62.____________ they’d like a haircut.He then gives them a stylish haircut—63.____________ same kind he would give to any paying customer, except these are done for free for those who are homeless or cannot afford a haircut 64.____________(them)．
Mark’s work began in 2012 when visiting family in the Philippines. Instead of just 65.____________ (take) a typical, relaxing vacation, he decided to give poor local children haircuts.“I felt so happy doing it that I’ve continued since returning，” Mark explains.
Changing someone’s appearance can have a huge impact on their life. Remember the homeless retired soldier who received a make?over? He found a job, 66.____________ (rent) a house and quit drinking alcohol afterwards. 67.____________ (simple) changing how a person looks can give them a huge increase in 68.____________ (confident)．
Mark Bustos proves that there are many ways 69.____________ (give)，and that you can easily use your 70.____________(person) abilities to make a difference in somebody’s life.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了发型师Mark Bustos通过给无家可归的人理发来改变他们的外貌，从而使他们增加自信心、努力改变生活的故事。
61．by 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，发型师通过给无家可归的人理发，试图给他们的生活来个小小的变化。by＋v.?ing意为“通过……”，作方式状语。故填by。
62．whether/if 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，Mark周一至周五在高级美发厅上班，每个周日就在市区到处走走，问人们是否需要理发。whether/if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填whether/if。
63．the 解析：考查冠词。the same意为“同样的”，为固定用法。故填定冠词the。
64．themselves 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指自己负担不起理发费用的人，因此应用所给词的反身代词。故填themselves。
65．taking 解析：考查非谓语动词。instead of意为“而不是”，其后接动名词形式，作“of”的宾语。故填taking。
66．rented 解析：考查动词的时态。根据“and”连接并列成分可知，此处应与其他两个谓语动词“found”和“quit”时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填rented。
67．Simply 解析：考查词性转换。空格处修饰分词短语“changing how a person looks”，应用副词。故填Simply。注意首字母大写。
68．confidence 解析：考查词性转换。此处指改变发型能让他们信心大增，介词“in”后应接名词形式。故填confidence。
69．to give 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作“many ways”的后置定语。故填to give。
70．personal 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰名词“abilities”，应用所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填personal。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jack，
How are you?
I’m writing to ask for your help. As you know it, English reading is difficult for foreign language learners and it takes time. Many students in our class are weak on English reading comprehension. Although I have tried every means improve it, like expanding my vocabulary and do a large number of exercises, so far all my efforts have ended up in failure. To make things bad, reading will make up a higher percentage this year than ever before in the coming College Entrance Examination. Now with the important exam drew near, I feel more and more stressing and worried. It will ruin my college dream unless I do not take action.
I’ll appreciate it very much if you can give me some advices on how to improve my reading ability effective. I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Jack，
How are you?
I’m writing to ask for your help. As you know ， English reading is difficult for foreign language learners and it takes time. Many students in our class are weak English reading comprehension. Although I have tried every means improve it, like expanding my vocabulary and a large number of exercises, so far all my efforts have ended up in failure. To make things ， reading will make up a higher percentage this year than ever before in the coming College Entrance Examination. Now with the important exam near, I feel more and more and worried. It will ruin my college dream I do not take action.
I’ll appreciate it very much if you can give me some on how to improve my reading ability . I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·合肥质检)假如你是李华，你班交换生 Amy 这两天因身体不适，未能到校上课，请给她写一封邮件，要点如下：
1．表示安慰；
2．询问她是否能参加下周六学校举行的足球比赛；
3．邀请她下个月到你家共度端午节。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Amy，
I am so sorry to learn that you suddenly fell ill. It’s never easy to adapt to a new environment, and hopefully you’ll soon get used to it.
As scheduled, our football match will take place next Saturday. I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me know whether you can take part in it by then. By the way, our traditional Dragon Boat Festival is coming next month. My family and I are all expecting your coming to enjoy the authentic festive atmosphere with us.
Don’t hesitate to tell me if you need any help. Sincerely hope that you will be well soon.
Yours，
Li Hua
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