Unit 12 Culture Shock
[学生用书P91]
单句语法填空
1．She couldn’t bear ____________(lose) the money for which she had risked her life.
答案：losing
2．So ____________(absorb) were the children in their game that they didn’t feel hungry at all.
答案：absorbed
3．____________(owe) to Lucy’s timely help，we finished all the work on time.
答案：Owing
4．One third of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ____________(be) black people.
答案：are
5．The photo ____________(attach) to the application was sometimes that of a very good－looking person.
答案：attached
6．Although the dragon is quite familiar ____________ most Chinese，nobody has ever seen a real one.
答案：to
7．The girls ____________(stand) under that tree are the most excellent students in our class.
答案：standing
8．I regret ____________(tell) you that the sports meeting has been put off till next Sunday.
答案：to tell
9．It is ____________(reason) to assume that these measures will prove successful.
答案：reasonable
10．Our English teacher made a request that we ____________(finish) our project before Friday.
答案：(should) finish
单句改错
1．The boy lay on the ground，stared at the blue sky.____________________
答案：stared→staring
2．Hearing the exciting news, the boy couldn’t help jump with joy. ____________________
答案：jump→ jumping
3．Absorbing in the book，she didn’t notice that the teacher entered.____________________
答案：Absorbing→Absorbed
4．It is requested that everyone would not take the books home.____________________
答案：would→should
5．The vase belonged to an old farmer was stolen last night.____________________
答案：belonged→belonging
单元语法——跟动名词或不定式作宾语的动词； 现在分词的用法
单句语法填空
1．The girl always avoids ____________(meet) him，because she doesn’t like him.
答案：meeting
2．To be honest, I didn’t mean ____________(hurt) you. Would you forgive me, please?
答案：to hurt
3．____________(work) hard at your lessons，you are bound to succeed in time.
答案：Working
4．Even if she can afford ____________(go) to Hong Kong，she wouldn’t go there.
答案：to go
5．The man ____________(speak) to our teacher there is our new headmaster.
答案：speaking
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have been so busy adapting myself 1.____________ culture shock.I’m looking forward to 2.____________(see) you in a week and while you are visiting me in London，I’ll pay for anything.3.____________(know) that you’ve never travelled outside Asia，I’ll tell you a bit about 4.____________ you can expect to find.There are people from all over the world 5.____________(live) here，so there are many international restaurants and almost every town has at 6.____________(little) one Chinese restaurant.In addition，you need to learn something about a tip to avoid 7.____________(get) confused about the British tipping system.If the 8.____________(serve) is good，you can leave 10% of 9.____________ bill for them.We can go hiking while you 10.____________(stay) here.Even though British humour maybe make you amazed，the majority of British people are friendly.
答案：1.to 2.seeing 3.Knowing 4.what 5.living
6．least 7.getting 8.service 9.the 10.are staying
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．我们知道，国家之间存在着许多文化差异。我们大部分人对这些差异并不是很熟悉。(familiar)
2．当你与外国人交谈时，盯着对方看是不礼貌的。(exchange；stare at)
3．在海外旅行时，习惯于不同国家的风俗与传统是很重要的。(get used to)
4．如果你撞到别人身上，你应该向对方道歉。(apology)
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(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
As we know，there are many cultural difference between countries and most of us are not familiar to them.When you are exchanging words with a foreigner, it is bad manners to stare him/her.When you are travelling overseas，it is important to getting used to the customs and traditions of different countries.If you knock into someone，you should make a apology to him/her.
答案：
As we know，there are many cultural between countries and most of us are not familiar them.When you are exchanging words with a foreigner, it is bad manners to stare him/her.When you are travelling overseas，it is important to used to the customs and traditions of different countries.If you knock into someone，you should make apology to him/her.
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4
原因状语从句
同位语
the time
必修4
B|×|Us
Unit 12 Culture Shock
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 12 Culture Shock
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P288(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019· 广州普通高中毕业班综合测试一)It’s no secret that your personal characteristics directly affect how you interact with the world—but you might be surprised at just how deep it goes. Experts think that your personality can even affect how you exercise and influence what sports are suitable for you.
Highly Sensitive
“Highly sensitive people may be more uncomfortable with group exercise classes or team sports where they feel their every move is being observed. Additionally, they may feel more upset about an ineffective or a poor workout，” says researcher Elaine Aron.
For such people, individual or non?competitive activities like biking, running and hiking are ideal.
Type A Personality
Type A individuals often have an “all or nothing approach” to exercise. This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan, not to mention being super competitive. However，this can cause them to stick too closely to a fitness routine, which means they might try to push past an injury.
To get better exercise results, Type A people need to be aware that following an exercise plan too strictly may limit their progress. They should be more flexible and listen to their body, especially when they are in pain.
Type B Personality
This laid?back group may get too lazy about their exercise plan, which prevents them from seeing results. They are often less willing to devote enough time and energy to their fitness goals especially if exercise is something that makes them anxious.
Type B individuals succeed in creative and cooperative environments, so team sports and group gym classes may be perfect.
Remember, there are plenty of ways you can adapt a fitness plan to suit your needs, regardless of your characteristics. Just keep in mind what you like.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了人的性格影响体育锻炼项目的选择。
1．Why might highly sensitive people be unwilling to take part in group sports?
A．They will feel like they are being evaluated.
B．They don’t like socializing with other people.
C．They don’t consider themselves to be athletic.
D．They fear they’ll be let down by their teammates.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，高度敏感的人可能不喜欢参加团体运动课程或团队体育运动的原因是他们觉得他们的每一个动作都会被观察到。据此可知，A项正确。
2．Type A people can be best described as ________．
A．committed B．flexible
C．independent D．sensitive
A 解析：推理判断题。由题干关键词 “Type A people” 定位至“Type A Personality” 部分；根据该部分中的“This personality type is known for sticking closely to their plan，not to mention being super competitive.”可知，这种性格的人会坚守他们的计划；A项意为“坚定的”，故A项正确。
3．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To help people understand what personality type they are.
B．To explain how personal characteristics affect exercise habits.
C．To identify the dangers of doing the wrong type of exercise.
D．To describe different types of workouts that are available today.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读全文尤其是文章第一段的第二句可知，本文主要论述了人的性格影响体育锻炼项目的选择，并介绍了不同性格的人的体育锻炼习惯。据此可知，本文旨在解释性格是如何影响人的体育锻炼习惯的，故B项正确。
B
(2019·福建质检)On a college camping trip, curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to study shorelines around the world. Thirty years later and now a U．S. Geological Survey research geologist, Thieler, is combining science and smartphone technology to help study an endangered bird, the Atlantic coast piping plover(笛鸻)．
The piping plover is a shorebird that breeds(繁殖) along the Atlantic coast, the Great Lakes and the Great Plains. Rising sea level associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats(栖息地), threatens the species(物种)．To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012.This is a marked change from the typical way scientists collect data, which involves gathering information by using specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and then putting it into spreadsheets.
Since releasing iPlover, scientists have gathered data across 1，500 km of breeding range. That equals about a third of the distance across the U．S., which is a large area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast. Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently. It also allows them to collect data at the same time during each breeding season, providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time. And fast, centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get a real?time idea of where and how piping plovers are using their habitats.
While iPlover is used by trained field staff, other apps like the U．S. Geological Survey’s web?based “iCoast—Did the Coast Change？” invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparing bird’s eye?view photographs taken before and after storms. All the information scientists and citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and state agencies create policy plans for addressing climate change impacts(影响) worldwide.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国的地质学家将科学和智能手机技术结合起来，研制出了一款app监测笛鸻栖息地的变化，从而帮助保护这种濒危动物。
4．What can we know about the piping plover?
A．Its behaviour is changing.
B．Its habitat is growing bigger.
C．Its living environment is becoming worse.
D．Its breeding is limited to the Atlantic coast.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Rising sea level associated with climate change，as well as increased development in their beach habitats(栖息地)，threatens the species(物种)．”可知，与气候变化有关的海平面的上升和对它们的海滩栖息地越来越多的开发威胁到了这个物种，故推断出笛鸻的生存环境日益糟糕，本题选C。
5．Why did Thieler develop iPlover?
A．To study shorelines across America.
B．To advance information technology.
C．To find out global climate change.
D．To monitor changes of piping plover habitats.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“To help track changes in piping plover habitats，Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012.”可知，Thieler研制iPlover的目的是监测笛鸻栖息地的变化，本题选D。
6．Which of the following benefits the piping plover?
A．The camping equipment.
B．Research on smartphones.
C．The changeable coast.
D．Progress in technology.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，免费的应用程序发行之后，科学家们的监测范围更广，并能更有效地收集数据，这些对于采取措施保护笛鸻很有好处，故技术的进步给笛鸻带来很多好处，本题选D。
7．What would be the best title of the text?
A．Protecting Endangered Shorebirds
B．Rob Thieler，a Creative Scientist
C．iPlover，a Tool for Training Field Staff
D．Differences Between iPlover and iCoast
A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章大意可知，美国的地质学家将科学和智能手机技术结合起来，研制出一款app来监测笛鸻栖息地的变化，从而帮助保护这种濒危动物；再根据文章第二段第一句“The piping plover is a shorebird”可知，本题选A。
C
(2019·湖南部分重点中学考前演练)I’m sometimes told, “You have to make your own luck. If you don’t try something, how can you succeed？” This is very true for competitions.
There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions with great enthusiasm. These people are nicknamed compers. The motivation for being a comper is obvious：it’s about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize. These prizes can be small or large：from a box of chocolates to a new car, a trip of a lifetime around the world, or even a new house. Isn’t that worth competing for？
Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people, making the odds of winning very unlikely. But one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the U．K. called Martin Dove. He is a serial comper and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.
Martin says：“I’ve been a comper for 40 years. It’s like admitting some addiction, isn’t it？” He gets respect from other compers and also admits，“Some people have called me the Master of Comping, the King of Comping, the Guru of Comping. But it’s just a word, just a phrase. It’s just because I frequently appeared in the media.”
For many, winning remains a dream, but they continue to try their luck as there’s always a small chance that they might succeed. But what if you do win? Then you have to ask：how am I going to spend all that money? Some people say that “money can’t buy you happiness”. What do you think?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，阐述了一种社会现象：有些人总是热衷于参加各种形式的比赛活动，目的就是获奖。你是否有过类似的经历呢？
8．What does the author mean by “This is very true for competitions.”？
A．Competitions bring people luck.
B．One must be in a competition to win it.
C．Trying gets people to succeed.
D．People naturally compete with each other.
B 解析：推理判断题。This指的应是前面的“If you don’t try something, how can you succeed？”，再结合第二段提到的人们参加比赛赢奖可知，此处指的是对于比赛来说，一个人必须先参与进去然后才有可能赢得比赛，故选B。
9．Who are compers?
A．Those always standing out in competitions.
B．Those addicted to entering competitions.
C．Those often entering competitions for prizes.
D．Those competing for others’ recognition.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions...it’s about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.”可知，compers指的是那些频繁地参加比赛以获取奖品的人。故选C。
10．What does the underlined word “odds” probably mean?
A．Possibility. B．Investment.
C．Importance. D．Advantage.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.”并结合常识可知，比赛的奖金是有限的，而参赛的人越多，获奖的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故选A。
11．What do Martin’s words suggest?
A．Any job can offer opportunities.
B．He has attracted considerable attention.
C．Persistence is the key to his success.
D．He has set a good example to others.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句及第四段的内容可知，Martin经常参加比赛，而且得到了一些大奖并赢得了其他参赛者的尊重，甚至一些人称其为“参赛大师”、“参赛大王”、“参赛专家”。由此可知，Martin得到了广泛的关注。故选B。
D
(2019·湖北部分重点中学新高三起点考试)“It’s a big hammer to crack a nut.”This is how one angry parent described the recent crackdown(严厉的打击) by London police on parents who drop their kids off at school by car. Yes，you read that correctly—the very mode of transportation that many American schools insist is the only safe way to deliver kids to school is now considered illegal in the U．K.
The decision to fine any vehicles seen dropping off or picking up kids within a particular zone of east London comes from city councilors’(议员) long?term efforts to make the area safer and less crowded. They say they’ve been trying for years “to encourage reasonable parking”，but in vain. Neighborhood residents complain frequently about their driveways being blocked by illegally parked cars for 15 minutes or more，often while they’re trying to get to work，and the streets are long overcrowded.
Now the rules have changed.Some parents are angry. Angie is a mother who made the “big hammer”comment and says the crackdown is “way over the top”．The nearest drop?off point for her six?year?old is now a five?minute walk from the school. Others are happy with the decision，severe though it may seem.
Councilor Jason Frost said: “Traffic has been clearly reduced，and more children are now walking to school，which is a great outcome.I would rather have complaints that we are slightly inconveniencing parents than hear that a child had been seriously injured because nothing was done.”
I witness daily the chaos(混乱) created by these in?town drivers，when I walk my own kids to school. There’s a parking lot crowded with vehicles and a slow?moving train of cars moving in circles，many filling the air with harmful smoke. Meanwhile，the conversations around overweight children and the importance of daily physical activities continue to stand out in schools.
【解题导语】 本文讲述伦敦自实行在学校门口严禁停车这一做法以来的变化。
12．Why is Angie opposed to the new rule?
A．She is often fined by London police.
B．She will lose her job as a school driver.
C．She has adapted to the American practice.
D．She thinks it adds inconvenience to her kid.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The nearest drop?off point for her six?year?old is now a five?minute walk from the school.”可知，对于她6岁的孩子来说，最近的下车点离学校有五分钟的步行路程，据此可推知，Angie认为不能在校门口停车给孩子带来不便。所以选项D正确。
13．Why has the new rule been made according to Jason Frost?
A．On account of many complaints.
B．Because of students’ health problem.
C．Owing to safety concern.
D．Due to air pollution.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“long?term efforts to make the area safer and less crowded”以及第四段最后一句可知，选项C的表述“Owing to safety concern.”是正确的。
14．What can be seen after the crackdown is carried out?
A．Less daily chaos.
B．Support from all people.
C．More overweight children.
D．Complaints from neighbors.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Traffic has been clearly reduced，and more children are now walking to school，which is a great outcome.”可知，车辆已经明显减少，许多孩子正在步行上学，日常混乱的场景越来越少，这是最大的结果，所以选项A正确。
15．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Parents attempt to resist a school rule.
B．London police cause widespread anger.
C．American schools care more about kids’ safety.
D．Different voices are heard on a new traffic policy.
D 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文可知，伦敦学校门口家长停车造成安全事故和交通堵塞，因此议员提议对这一现象进行制止，由此引发家长的议论。因此选项D符合题意。
七选五
(2019·南昌模拟)Your first step toward healthy living is to get a handle on your health status right now. Here’s your to－do list：
Assess your activity. How much physical activity do you get in a typical week? 1.________？ How much variety do you get in your activity, and how much do you enjoy it? The CDC recommends that adults get at least two and a half hours per week of moderate－intensity aerobic activity or one hour and 15 minutes per week of vigorous－intensity aerobic activity, plus muscle－strengthening activity at least two days per week.
Keep a food diary. Write down everything you eat for a day—and no fair skipping the items you’re embarrassed about. “2.________，” says Kathianne Sellers Williams, MEd, RD, a nutritionist, wellness coach, and personal trainer with Cafe Physique in Atlanta. “You can’t change what you’re not aware of or don’t acknowledge.”
Check your mood and energy. Healthy living includes emotional wellness and adequate rest. How has your mood been lately? 3.________？ Do you usually sleep well for seven to eight hours a night?
4．________. How strong are your connections with family and friends? Are you plugged into social or spiritual groups that enrich your life? “People have a fundamental need for positive and lasting relationships，” C. Nathan DeWall, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Kentucky, tells WebMD.
If you’re not thrilled with the answers to some of those questions, remember that the point is to figure out where you are today so you can set your healthy living goals. It’s not about being “good” or “bad”， “right” or “wrong”. 5.________.
A．How intense is that activity
B．Consider your social network
C．The idea is to write it down without judgment
D．It’s time to learn something about the social apps
E．It’s OK if you leave out some items in your food diary
F．It is the awareness of your own state of health that matters
G．Are you experiencing any symptoms of depression or anxiety
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了掌握自身健康状况的方法。
1．A 解析：根据该段主题句“Assess your activity.”以及关键词activity可知A项与此处匹配。A项与“How much physical activity do you get in a typical week？”及“How much variety do you get in your activity, and how much do you enjoy it？”为并列问句。
2．C 解析：根据空前的“Write down everything you eat for a day—and no fair skipping the items you’re embarrassed about.”可知，空处应讲的是不做评判地记下一天要吃的食物。所以C项正确。
3．G 解析：空前一句“How has your mood been lately？”中的关键词mood与G项中的“any symptoms of depression or anxiety”相呼应；G项与空后的“Do you usually sleep well for seven to eight hours a night？”为并列问句。
4．B 解析：根据空后的“How strong are your connections with family and friends? Are you plugged into social or spiritual groups that enrich your life？”和“People have a fundamental need for positive and lasting relationships”可知，本段主要讲述的是要有社交活动，B项中的“social network”与此呼应。所以选B。
5．F 解析：根据空前的“It’s not about being ‘good’or‘bad’，‘right’or‘wrong’．”可知，选F项“意识到你自身的健康状况是很重要的”。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P291(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·东北三省四市教研联合体一模)Shutting the door heavily, seven?year?old Vito stormed into the room after school. He __1__ himself into the sofa and cried loudly, “Dad, I am very __2__．”
Vito’s father was quietly listening while working. Vito said, “Joaquin made me lose __3__ in front of my friends. I hope he __4__ a few particularly bad things.”
His father went to a corner, __5__ a bag of coal and said to Vito, “Son, __6__ that white shirt as Joaquin, and the bag of coal as some bad things. Use coal to hit the white shirt.__7__ that every time you hit one on the shirt, Joaquin met with a bad thing. When you finish hitting all the coal, see what will __8__．”
Vito thought the game __9__．He picked up coal to throw at the shirt. However, the shirt was hung in the __10__ rope. He tried again and again. He __11__ throwing all the coal, but only a little on the shirt.
Father asked Vito, “How do you feel now？”
“It __12__ me, but I am happy now.”
Father saw his son did not understand his __13__， so he let Vito look in a large __14__．What he could only see from his face was white __15__．
Then the father said, “You see, the white shirt did not become particularly dirty, but you have become a ‘__16__ person’．You want a lot of bad luck on others; the __17__ is that the most unfortunate thing __18__ on ourselves. There our bad __19__ may cause others to suffer bad luck, but the stains left to us are difficult to __20__．”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，通过七岁男孩Vito的故事告诉我们：你想伤害别人时也会伤害自己。
1．A.threw B．enjoyed
C．occupied D．helped
A 解析：根据上文中的“stormed into”和下文中的“cried loudly”可知，Vito气呼呼地冲进房间，猛地坐到沙发上。故threw符合语境。
2．A.cool B．anxious
C．crazy D．angry
D 解析：根据上文中的“stormed into” “cried loudly”可知，Vito是非常生气的。故选D项。
3．A.heart B．interest
C．face D．hope
C 解析：根据下文中的“I hope he ______ a few particularly bad things.” 并结合空处所在句可知，Joaquin让Vito在朋友面前丢脸了。lose face “丢脸” 符合语境。
4．A.runs over B．comes across
C．takes up D．makes out
B 解析：根据下文中的“Joaquin met with a bad thing”可知come across “偶然遇见” 符合语境。run over “轧过”；take up “拿起，占用，开始从事”；make out “理解，辨认出”。
5．A.found B．supplied
C．spotted D．placed
A 解析：父亲走到角落，找到(found)了一袋煤。
6．A.view B．paint
C．wear D．hang
A 解析：根据下文中的“...the bag of coal as some bad things. Use coal to hit the white shirt.”可知父亲是在作比喻，view...as... “把……看作……” 符合语境。
7．A.Sense B．Imagine
C．Mind D．Believe
B 解析：根据 “______ that white shirt...to hit the white shirt”可知，此处表示想象每次你把煤扔到衬衫上时，Joaquin就会遇到不好的事情。imagine “想象” 符合语境。
8．A.appear B．remain
C．happen D．form
C 解析：当你把所有的煤都扔完了，看看会发生什么事。happen “发生” 符合语境。
9．A.fun B．silly
C．dull D．violent
A 解析：根据空前的“the game”及空后的“He picked up coal”可知，Vito认为这个游戏有趣。fun “有趣的” 符合语境。silly “愚蠢的”；dull “迟钝的”；violent “猛烈的”。
10．A.tight B．long
C．strong D．distant
D 解析：根据下文中的“He tried again and again.”可知，衬衫应该是挂在远处的绳子上。distant “远处的” 符合语境。
11．A.risked B．regretted
C．considered D．finished
D 解析：根据句中的“all the coal”可知，Vito把所有的煤都扔完了。故选D项。上文中的“finish hitting all the coal” 亦是提示。
12．A.bothers B．strikes
C．tires D．relaxes
C 解析：根据句中的but可知，Vito累了但是感到开心。
13．A.intention B．problem
C．worry D．solution
A 解析：父亲发现儿子没有理解他的意图。intention “意图，目的” 符合语境。problem “问题”；worry “担心”；solution “解决办法”。
14．A.box B．mirror
C．closet D．fence
B 解析：根据下文中的“What he could only see from his face was...”可知，父亲让Vito照镜子。故选B项。
15．A.mouth B．eyes
C．teeth D．nose
C 解析：根据上文可知，Vito扔完了一袋的煤；由此可推知，Vito脸上也沾上了煤，黑黑的，他从自己脸上只能看出白白的牙齿。
16．A.stubborn B．black
C．stupid D．greedy
B 解析：根据上文可知，煤使Vito变成了 “黑人”。
17．A.truth B．secret
C．plan D．result
D 解析：你想让很多不幸落在别人身上，结果(result)是最大的不幸会落(falls)在我们自己头上。
18．A.relies B．passes
C．tries D．falls
D 解析：参见上题解析。分号后的句子与分号前的“You want a lot of bad luck on others” 形成对比。故选D。
19．A.habits B．manners
C．thoughts D．words
C 解析：我们不好的想法可能会给别人带来不幸。thought “思想，想法” 符合语境。
20．A.return B．remove
C．repair D．perform
B 解析：留给我们自己的污点是很难清除的。remove “清除，除去” 符合语境。
语法填空
In recent years many TV shows have become extremely popular among Chinese audience.Those programs，ranging from talent or dating shows to reality shows 1.____________(receive) both commercial success and public attention.
Their popularity is 2.____________(main) based on simple facts.First, they care 3.____________social concerns.Second, without exception, they explore a perfect balance between the international forms and Chinese expressions.
Despite apparent highlights, much room 4.____________(leave) for improvement.Above all, commercial interests often outweigh 5.____________(education) purposes, causing many complaints about the 6.____________(bearable) advertisements.In addition, some sharp remarks, 7.____________they are eye?catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.
In my opinion, such shows should shoulder more responsibility instead of merely 8.____________(entertain) the public.9.____________ is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.Meanwhile, the 10.____________(medium) should also safeguard the values of our society.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。如今，电视节目从才艺展示、相亲节目到真人秀均赢得了关注。作者就此分析了这种现象产生的原因和缺陷，同时也阐述了自己的看法。
1．have received 解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“In recent years”和“have become”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have received。
2．mainly 解析：考查词性转换。be based on意为“以……为基础”，根据词法知识可知，此处应用副词修饰该动词短语。故填mainly。
3．about 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，他们关心社会问题。care about意为“关心”，符合语境。故填about。
4．is left 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。纵观全文时态可知，此处应使用一般现在时；主语“room”是谓语动词leave的承受者，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is left。
5．educational 解析：考查词性转换。根据词法结构可知，此处应用形容词，作定语修饰名词“purposes”。故填educational。
6．unbearable 解析：考查词形转换。根据语境可知，商业利益胜过了教育目的，这使得令人难以忍受的广告遭到了诸多投诉。unbearable是bearable的反义词，意为“难以忍受的”，修饰名词“advertisements”，符合语境。故填unbearable。
7．though/although 解析：考查连词。句意：此外，一些尖刻的言论，尽管非常引人注目，但也许会对年轻人产生误导。根据语境可知，空格处引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。故填though/although。
8．entertaining 解析：考查非谓语动词。“instead of”为介词短语，后接v.?ing，即这些节目应承担更多的责任而不只是娱乐大众。故填entertaining。
9．As 解析：考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如预料的那样，这些节目在形式和作用上都应积极向上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代后面的整个主句，意为“正如”。故填As。注意首字母大写。
10．media 解析：考查名词复数。根据空格前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应用名词作主语；此处指所有的媒体，故用medium的复数形式。故填media。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P292(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·昆明复习适应性检测)The so?called Americanization phenomenon seems to be more a result of the recent globalization(全球化) in our world. If we find various American products worldwide, 61.____________is also increasingly common to find Asian products in the United States.
62．____________(go) to any country in Asia nowadays, we will see many of the American icons everywhere. A few 63.____________(year) ago when I was in Vietnam, I was 64.____________(complete) surprised at the number of advertisements about products from multinational companies, many of them American. It is unforgettable for me to see the huge Coca Cola billboard shown on 65.____________unnamed long and narrow street.
Since I moved to America, I 66.____________(discover) many Asian products in America, from movies to foods. Either in San Francisco 67.____________ in Seattle, we can go to the cinema and enjoy the 68.____________(attract) American movie Kung Fu Panda, and take home spring rolls from one of the many Chinese restaurants in town.
I know that many people would like 69.____________(reduce) the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture, but it is very difficult to stop this process. We can only try to be wise and choose 70.____________ is better for us to have or to buy.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍全球化的影响。
61．it 解析：考查形式主语。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句子缺主语，又因为此处表示，在美国，亚洲产品也屡见不鲜，应用it作形式主语指代后面的动词不定式 to find Asian products in the United States。
62．Going 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作状语，所以应填go的?ing形式，注意首字母大写，所以填Going。
63．years 解析：考查名词单复数。根据a few可知，其后应用名词的复数形式，故填years。
64．completely 解析：考查副词。此处应用complete的副词形式修饰形容词surprised，故填completely。
65．an 解析：考查冠词。根据空前介词on和空后名词street可知，此处缺冠词修饰street，而unnamed以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
66．have discovered 解析：考查动词时态。分析句子成分可知，空处作谓语，又由句首的时间状语Since I moved to America可知，谓语应用现在完成时，故填have discovered。
67．or 解析：考查并列连词。either...or “要么……要么” 是固定搭配，故填or。
68．attractive 解析：考查形容词。空处需要用形容词来修饰movie，所以应用attract的形容词形式attractive(吸引人的)。
69．to reduce 解析：考查固定搭配。would like to do sth.意思是 “想要做某事”，故填to reduce。
70．what 解析：考查宾语从句。空处所在从句是choose的宾语，该宾语从句缺主语，故填what。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·太原一模)Kids exercise all the time without even think of it. Just being active, like when you run around at outside or play basketball at school, is type of exercise. Playing sports, dancing and doing pushups also counts as exercise. These helped you build your strength. By using your muscles to do powerful things, you can make them strong than before. For teens and adult, this kind of workout can make muscles bigger, either. When you exercise, you’re building a strong body what will be able to move around and do all the stuff you need to do. Try to do more physically exercise every day and your body will thank you later.
答案：
Kids exercise all the time without even of it. Just being active, like when you run around outside or play basketball at school, is type of exercise. Playing sports, dancing and doing pushups also as exercise. These you build your strength. By using your muscles to do powerful things, you can make them than before. For teens and ， this kind of workout can make muscles bigger, . When you exercise, you’re building a strong body will be able to move around and do all the stuff you need to do. Try to do more exercise every day and your body will thank you later.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·长沙四校模拟)假如你是校学生会主席李华。圣诞节即将到来，学生会将为你校学生举办一场圣诞晚会。请你根据以下提示，给你校外教Mr. Smith写信邀请他参加。要点如下：
1．时间：下周五6：30 p．m.—8：30 p．m.; 地点：教学楼305室
2．晚会过程：(1)Mr. Smith扮演圣诞老人；(2)教大家唱圣诞歌；(3)介绍西方人如何过圣诞节。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith，
I’m writing to tell you a good piece of news.__________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Mr.__Smith，
I’m__writing__to__tell__you__a__good__piece__of__news.As you know，Christmas is approaching. In order to help you have a better festival experience, the Students’ Union will organize a Christmas party next Friday. I hope you can attend it.
You can dress up as Father Christmas giving away presents, teach us to sing Christmas songs and tell us what the westerners, especially middle school students do during Christmas. These are all typical activities, and I believe we all have a strong interest in them. The party will be held in Room 305, Teaching Building at 6：30 p．m. It will last about two hours. I wonder if you’d like to come and enjoy the fun.
Looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.
Yours__truly，
Li__Hua
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