Unit 13 People
[学生用书P98]
单句语法填空
1．In my opinion, the scenery here is beyond ____________(describe), so it has attracted a lot of visitors every year.
答案：description
2．When she saw the lovely monkey，she couldn’t help ____________(laugh)．
答案：laughing
3．The woman was accused of ____________(steal) little children from the neighbourhood.
答案：stealing
4．Most of the scientists devoted themselves to ____________(do) the research and seldom went home.
答案：doing
5．You’d better not go out.In my ____________(judge)，it is dangerous to fly in such weather.
答案：judgement
6．The novel ____________(write) by Gu Man was adapted into a famous film，which was very popular.
答案：written
7．To the teacher’s ____________(satisfy)，all the students handed in their notebooks on time that day.
答案：satisfaction
8．The children were making much noise and I can’t concentrate ____________ my work.
答案：on
9．When the interview is one day away, send an e?mail ____________(confirm) the time of the appointment.
答案：to confirm
10．The young man has grown up and he is eager to be ____________(depend) of his parents.
答案：independent
单句改错
1．It is true that she has made a mistake but she hardly deserves lose her job.____________________
答案：deserves后加to
2．The young woman was accused with stealing goods from a large market.____________________
答案：with→of
3．I felt relief to know that all the missing children had arrived home.____________________
答案：relief→relieved
4．Hearing the sad news，the mothers present at the meeting couldn’t help cry.____________________
答案：cry→crying
5．Devoting to his research, the young scientist almost forgot everything about himself.____________________
答案：Devoting→Devoted
单元语法——过去分词和表示推测的情态动词
单句语法填空
1．The light is on and our teacher must ____________(correct) our exam papers.
答案：be correcting
2．Lucy ____________(arrive) here on time but she was caught in a traffic jam.
答案：would have arrived
3．The road is very wet.It ____________(rain) last night.
答案：must have rained
4．The old man went into the room, ____________(support) by his wife.
答案：supported
5．She is talking with a young man ____________(dress) in white under that big tree.
答案：dressed
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most students do an IQ test early in their school career because they believe that it is IQ that determines how well they’re going to do in life. However, new research into EQ suggests that success is not 1.____________(simple) the result of a high IQ. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following 2.____________(describe): At work, it is IQ that gets you 3.____________(hire)but it is EQ that gets you promoted. 4.____________(support)by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when 5.____________(predict)someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ. He may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, 6.____________ you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up 7.____________(fail)exams? Perhaps their failure is because of their low EQ. People are often 8.____________(mistake) in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. The result of studies shows that EQ is as important, 9.____________ not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world 10.____________ lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.
答案：1.simply 2.description 3.hired 4.Supported
5．predicting 6.who 7.failing 8.mistaken 9.if
10．and
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．与别人相比，海伦·凯勒(Helen Keller)是不幸的。当她在19个月大的时候，她变得又盲又聋。(compared to)
2．起初时，她并不愿意学习。(be willing to)
3．后来，她的老师沙利文(Ms Sullivan)来帮她应对残疾。(deal with)
4．在Ms Sullivan的帮助下，她能够做到集中精力学习，并完成了大学教育。(concentrate on)
5．后来，她致力于帮助盲聋儿童。(devote oneself to)
6．她是20世纪最伟大的女性之一，值得我们尊重。(deserve)
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(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
Compared to others, Helen Keller was unlucky. When she was 19 months old, she became blind and deaf. At the first, she was not willing to learn anything. Late, her teacher Ms. Sullivan came to help her deal with her disabilities. With the help of Ms. Sullivan, she was able to concentrate in her study and graduated from college. Later on, she devoted all her to help the blind and deaf children. She was one of the greatest women in the 20th century and deserves our respect.
答案：
Compared to others, Helen Keller was unlucky. When she was 19 months old, she became blind and deaf. At first, she was not willing to learn anything. ， her teacher Ms. Sullivan came to help her deal with her disabilities. With the help of Ms. Sullivan, she was able to concentrate her study and graduated from college. Later on, she devoted all to the blind and deaf children. She was one of the greatest women in the 20th century and deserves our respect.
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BI XIU WU
Unit 13 People
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 13 People
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P293(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·赣州十四县/市联考)Some people are so rude!
Who sends an e?mail or a text message that just says “Thank you” ? Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little politeness. But many social agreed standards just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello.E?mail, too, is slower than a text. Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.
My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated，he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked. “Just text him.”
In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask once?acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when you answer, they respond with a thank?you e?mail.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank?you message. Others, like me, want no reply.
The anthropologist(人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time?wasting forms of communication do.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代，人们应该选择何种方式进行沟通。
1．What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A．Worried. B．Surprised.
C．Annoyed. D．Tired.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段第二句中的“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls.”可知，作者的父亲对作者不给自己回电话很不满，由此可推知Exasperated意思是 “恼怒的，生气的”，故选C。
2．Why didn’t the writer reply to his father?
A．He liked text messages better.
B．He enjoyed checking his voice mail.
C．He didn’t receive any voice mail messages.
D．He didn’t want to talk with his father.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘Why are you leaving him voice mail？’my sister asked.‘Just text him.’”可推知，作者不喜欢用语音信箱，更偏爱发短信，故选A。
3．Which of the following does the writer agree to?
A．People needn’t learn from one another in traditional societies.
B．Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual.
C．People needn’t turn to Google for help when in trouble.
D．Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第七段的内容可推知，标准是变化的，处理方式应该因人而异，而不是一刀切，语音信箱的使用亦是如此，故选B。
4．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Nowadays：What Should We Do with Text Messages?
B．Nowadays：Do You Like Leaving Others a Voice Message?
C．Nowadays：What Means Should We Use in Communication?
D．Nowadays：Do You Need a Thank?you Message?
C 解析：标题归纳题。根据对文章内容的整体理解可知，第三段引入本文话题，最后两段点题总结，本文主要讨论的是如今(在智能手机时代)我们应该用何种方式沟通，故选C项。
B
(2019·石家庄高三模拟)Too Good To Go is a smartphone app which allows restaurants to sell food that would otherwise be thrown away at discount prices from as little as ￡ 2 to a maximum of ￡ 3.80, even if the meals are sold from the very finest restaurants in the country. Originally created in Denmark and launched in Brighton and Leeds in June, the service has recently been introduced into the United Kingdom by a couple of young entrepreneurs(企业家)．
Millions of tons of foods are thrown in the trash every year, with restaurants accounting for a large part, so eco?entrepreneurs Chris Wilson and Jamie Crummie came up with the good idea to stop food waste. Using Too Good To Go not only helps restaurants save expense, but gives people in need the chance to order fancy dishes at low prices.
Too Good To Go is very convenient for users. Restaurants make food available on the Too Good To Go app and website. People can look through the available dishes on the smartphones, pay for them using a credit card and pick them up at a set time, an hour before closing time.
Although Too Good To Go does take a fee from restaurants for each sale, its creators say the end goal is to use it for restaurants to solve their waste management problem, rather than making a profit. Wilson claims, “The idea is that restaurants stop producing the extra food so they don’t need to throw it away in the trash, and we really want to put ourselves out of business by stopping food waste.”
Birmingham has become the latest city where restaurants can reduce food waste to the lowest limit by working with the Too Good To Go social enterprise app.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Too Good To Go这款手机软件，它可以帮助饭店以较低的价格处理要扔掉的食物，这样既避免了浪费，又给那些需要的人提供了可口的食物。
5．Where was Too Good To Go originally launched?
A．In Denmark. B．In Brighton.
C．In Birmingham. D．In the U．S.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Originally created in Denmark and launched in Brighton and Leeds”可知，这款软件最初是在Denmark创造出来，在Brighton和Leeds发起的，故选B项。
6．What’s the app intended to do?
A．Make a profit by selling food on the website.
B．Allow restaurants to sell food at low prices.
C．Help restaurants to deal with leftover food.
D．Call on restaurants to save food and money.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“...so eco?entrepreneurs Chris Wilson and Jamie Crummie came up with the good idea to stop food waste... but gives people in need the chance to order fancy dishes at low prices.”可知，这款软件的目的是阻止食物浪费，不仅帮助饭店节省费用，而且给那些需要的人提供一个低价品尝好菜的机会，故选C项。
7．How did the creators of the app make profits?
A．By selling copies of the app.
B．By taking a fee from buyers.
C．By charging restaurants for each sale.
D．By getting donations from entrepreneurs.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Although Too Good To Go does take a fee from restaurants for each sale”可知，该软件的创造者是通过向饭店的每一单生意收费来赚钱的，因此选C项。
8．What can we infer from the text?
A．People can pay less money for a rich meal.
B．The app is mainly designed to help the poor.
C．Dishes can be sold to make a lot of profits.
D．People can get their ordered food at home.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Too Good To Go...in the country.”和第二段中的“Using Too Good To Go not only helps restaurants save expense, but gives people in need the chance to order fancy dishes at low prices.”可以推知，由于Too Good To Go 软件的出现，人们可以花比较少的钱吃一顿丰盛的饭，故选A项。
C
(2019·湖南长沙高三模拟)A new study by the British government has discovered the mental health of the country’s teenage girls has become worse.
The survey, which included 30，000 14?year?old students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological stress, up from 34 percent in 2005.British boys’ stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period，from 17 percent to 15 percent.
The report’s authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.
“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive(认知的) and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a recent blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent(有能力的) adults.In the past，they would engage with parents，teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”
Throughout adolescence，girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and self?control.Since teenage brains have not completely developed，teens don’t have the cognitive awareness and impulse(冲动) control to keep from posting inappropriate content.Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.
“Social media can also feed into girls’ insecurities about their appearance，” Ramsden said.These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person.However，these images and the messages tied to them gradually become societal standards.
【解题导语】 一项新研究发现，英国女孩的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国女孩心理压力加大的主要因素。
9．The statistics in the second paragraph show that__________．
A．more and more children in Britain have mental health problems
B．few girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005
C．more boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure now
D．more British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国女孩有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国男孩有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国女孩有心理压力的比男孩多，故D项正确。
10．Contrary to traditional ways of interaction, social media________．
A．helps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and self?control
B．has many negative effects on girls’ characteristic development
C．makes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate content
D．teaches girls to care about their appearance to meet societal standards
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls’ insecurities about their appearance” 可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国女孩的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。
11．The underlined word “advent” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．
A．arrival B．end
C．disappearance D．invention
A 解析：词义猜测题。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国女孩心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。
D
(2019·合肥高三调研性检测)In our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted. We only treasure things when they are gone. This is a sad truth of human nature. One day, I found myself as a witness to a similar situation.
One evening, I left work and boarded the train. After entering, I noticed something unusual. The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing. I didn’t pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats. I sensed a funny smell. It wasn’t long before I noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me. He was bleeding from his nose. Why wasn’t anyone helping him?
His clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell. Along with the smell, his eyes were dull, watery, and red. Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime. As the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him. All the seats around him were empty.
Suddenly, he began to swear at the people around him. A plain?clothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man. The officer, not wanting to touch the homeless man, told him his rights and directed him to exit the train. As the officer walked the man out of the train, the homeless man turned around and said “MY HOME！” and started crying.
A man doesn’t value things until they are gone. If he didn’t have a home, at least he had freedom. Now he has neither. No one wants to help someone who won’t help himself.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。
12．When entering the car, how did the author feel at first?
A．Annoyed. B．Puzzled.
C．Sad. D．Calm.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，“我”感到很困惑，故B项正确。
13．How did people react to the homeless man?
A．They caught him and called the police.
B．They covered him with clean clothes.
C．They disliked and avoided him.
D．They stared at him curiously.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；根据第三段第三句可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他，好像他曾经犯罪了一样；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故C项正确。
14．It can be learned that the policeman________．
A．was very rude to the man
B．sent the man back to his hometown
C．forced the man to leave the city
D．went off the train with the man
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故D项正确。
15．What does the author think of the homeless man?
A．He is a loser of life.
B．He is worth our respect.
C．He is very funny.
D．He is a fearless fighter.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、第三句可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今他两个都没有了。据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故A项正确。
七选五
(2019· 湖北七市联考)Do teenagers know how to sleep? If you’re the parent of teens, you might be laughing to yourself. That’s all they know how to do. In truth, teens might not know enough about how to sleep, when to sleep and why.1.________
Just as we focus on our diets and exercise for health, we need to consider sleep necessary to our mental, physical and psychological health. “Good” sleep is sleep that is long enough to allow your brain to remove the side effects of daytime brain activity. Consistent bed times and wakeup times are the key to keeping our sleep cycles.2.________
Teens are social creatures, and the most attractive social “gathering” place these days is on their digital devices. 3.________ Ideally, we should avoid blue light for at least half an hour before bed. But social media and homework that requires screen time, mean too many kids are powering up their devices when their bodies should be powering down for the night.
4．________ Equally contributing to sleep issues are eating too late, taking naps, and failing to get enough exercise. In other words, these people never learned how to sleep.
Over time, poor sleep leads to a decline in mood. 5.________ Significantly, when I speak to my adult patients who are struggling with sleep issues, nearly all of them say their sleep problems started in high school.
Therefore, I recommend sleep education. Otherwise, we won’t necessarily solve the health, safety and economic issues of sleepy teens.
A．When they are disturbed, our sleep is affected.
B．Going to bed too late is only one part of sleep problems.
C．Being exposed to blue light from our screens delays sleep.
D．Current school schedules allow for about seven hours of sleep a night.
E．It also contributes to a lot of medical issues, from being fat to heart disease.
F．Later school start time really contributes to more sleep and improved health.
G．As far as I’m concerned, one important element is missing：sleep education.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了要对青少年进行睡眠教育。
1．G 解析：本句位于段落末尾句，要么是段落主题句或是承上启下的过渡句。段落首句提出问题，第二句介绍父母的反应，第四句介绍孩子们的情况，故可推知，空处所在句是提出本段的观点也就是对首句问题的回答，所以选G项。
2．A 解析：A项中的代词they指代前句中的“Consistent bed times and wakeup times”，前后意思连贯，所以选A项。
3．C 解析：C项中的screens是空前 “digital devices” 的列举，同时句中的blue light在空处后句再次出现，这是同义复现。C项 “接触来自我们屏幕的蓝光推迟了睡眠” 与空后 “理想情况下，我们应该在睡前至少半小时避免蓝光” 构成了因果关系，所以选 C项。
4．B 解析：空后列举了造成睡眠不好的几个方面，由此可见此段主要介绍导致睡眠不好的几种表现形式，所以B项中的“Going to bed too late(睡觉太晚)” 也是之一，所以选B项。
5．E 解析：E项中的“contributes to” 与前句中的“leads to” 是相同的表达，同时also一词更好地体现二者之间的连贯。所以选E项。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P296(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·山西八校第一次联考)One day, while we were visiting my parents on a farm in late summer, Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard.Mom agreed that the trees were __1__．
Like many other parents, mine were hard to __2__ for, so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something they’d __3__．I also thought two would be even better.I checked the __4__ at work and decided it was a bit more than I could __5__—but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees.
In northern Ohio，you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to __6__ Mom and Dad with a special Christmas in October before the ground __7__．We asked my aunt if she’d help us with the “__8__”， and she called my parents __9__ to say she was coming for a Sunday visit.Then my sisters and sisters?in?law went into __10__，planning a big holiday turkey dinner.
On the __11__ Sunday, we all met at my house and __12__ the trees into a truck.I __13__ as Santa Claus.When we arrived at my parents’ house，Dad was __14__ something was wrong first.He and Mom were amazed when we told them __15__ we were there.
When Christmas __16__，of course, we couldn’t go to our parents’ house empty?handed, so Mom and Dad got __17__ presents that year.Almost half a century later, I __18__ drive by the old farm and smile when I see those big, handsome __19__ and remember giving a special __20__ to special people at Christmas in October.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和亲人们一起用特别的方式给其父母带来惊喜的经历。
1．A.distinctive B．fragrant
C．expensive D．pretty
D 解析：上文提及父亲想要在庭院种植一棵枫树，下文提及“those big, handsome”，故此处应是母亲也欣然同意，认为枫树很漂亮(pretty)。distinctive “与众不同的”；fragrant “芳香的”；expensive“贵的”。
2．A.shop B．represent
C．answer D．care
A 解析：根据上文的“Like many other parents，mine were hard to”，下文的“so I figured this was a great opportunity to get them something”以及接下来介绍的作者兄弟姐妹几人为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者觉得给父母买东西是很难的，故选shop “购物”。
3．A.deserve B．appreciate
C．advertise D．imagine
B 解析：根据上文的“Dad mentioned he’d always wanted a Crimson King Maple Tree for the yard...”及下文介绍的为父母买礼物的内容可知，此处指作者认为这是一个给父母买他们欣赏的东西的好机会。deserve “值得，应得”；appreciate “感激，欣赏”；advertise “为……做广告”；imagine“想象”。
4．A.result B．number
C．price D．express
C 解析：根据下文的“but all of my siblings(兄弟姐妹) agreed to give some money to buy the trees”可知，作者在上班时查看了一下枫树的价格(price)，认为它的价格比自己能支付得起(afford)的还要高一点。
5．A.afford B．expect
C．fancy D．handle
A 解析：参见上题解析。
6．A.frighten B．assist
C．surprise D．reward
C 解析：从下文作者联合其姑姑来帮忙实施这个计划以及计划具体实施的内容可知，作者他们想给父母一个惊喜(surprise)。
7．A.warmed B．froze
C．softened D．darkened
B 解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas”及“a special Christmas in October before the ground”可知，作者他们决定在土地上冻之前让父母度过一个特别的圣诞节。freeze “结冰”符合语境。soften “变软，软化”。
8．A.trick B．purchase
C．choice D．decoration
A 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者询问姑姑是否可以帮忙实施这个“骗局(trick)”。
9．A.in advance B．in time
C．by accident D．on purpose
A 解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者的姑姑提前(in advance)给作者的父母打电话说她会在周日来拜访。in time “及时”；by accident “意外地”； on purpose“故意地”。
10．A.service B．action
C．effect D．production
B 解析：根据下文的“planning a big holiday turkey dinner” 可知，随后，作者的姐妹和嫂子(或弟媳)行动起来。go into action “行动起来”符合语境。go into service “投入使用”；go into effect “生效”；go into production “投入生产”。
11．A.regular B．separate
C．given D．chosen
D 解析：根据语境可知，作者和亲人们在选定的(chosen)那个周日聚到自己家里。regular “惯常的，有规律的”。
12．A.sorted B．loaded
C．transported D．transplanted
B 解析：根据下文的“the trees into a truck”可知，作者他们把树装上(loaded)卡车。sort“整理”； transport “运输，运送”；transplant “移植”。
13．A.dressed up B．passed off
C．looked on D．started out
A 解析：根据下文的“as Santa Claus” 可知，作者把自己装扮(dressed up)成圣诞老人。pass sb./sth.off as...“把……冒充为……”；look on sb./sth.as... “把……当作……”；start out as...“以……开始，起初是……”。
14．A.delighted B．annoyed
C．disappointed D．convinced
D 解析：根据上下文语境及句中的“something was wrong first” 可知，作者的父亲一开始坚信哪里出了问题。convinced “确信，坚信”符合语境。
15．A.when B．how
C．why D．whether
C 解析：根据语境可知，当我们告诉他们我们为什么(why)会在那里的时候，父母感到很吃惊。
16．A.came around B．dropped out
C．turned up D．drew in
A 解析：根据下文的内容可知，当又到圣诞节时，作者他们去探望父母。come around “再次出现，再度发生”； drop out “退出”；turn up “出现”；draw in “(白天变得)渐短”。
17．A.generous B．additional
C．double D．special
C 解析：根据上文的“In northern Ohio, you don’t plant maple trees at Christmas, so we decided to...with a special Christmas in October” 可知，作者他们在十月份的时候已经为父母送上了一份特别的圣诞节礼物，而在真正的圣诞节到来的时候，他们又不能空手去拜访自己的父母，故作者的父母那年是收到了双份的(double)圣诞节礼物。
18．A.even B．just
C．once D．still
D 解析：根据上下文语境可知，时隔几乎半个世纪之后，当作者看到那些高大、漂亮的枫树(trees)时依然(still)会面带微笑地驶过那个农场。
19．A.farms B．trees
C．trucks D．yards
B 解析：参见上题解析。
20．A.congratulation B．gift
C．donation D．greeting
B 解析：作者看着那些枫树时，会想起自己多年前在圣诞节送给父母特别的礼物(gift)。上文中的“presents that year”亦是关键提示。congratulation“祝贺”； donation “捐赠物”；greeting “问候”。
语法填空
(2019·辽宁五校协作体联考)Are you a teenager 1.____________(absorb) in music？If so, I will give you a warning—the music you love could end up making you deaf. More 2.____________(specific)，the way you listen to the music you love could make you deaf.
The problem is headphones. In the past，we played music out into the air. Then earmuff?style(耳罩式) headphones 3.____________(invent) and we were able to play music much closer to our ears. Now we have earbuds(耳塞)，which many doctors think are 4.____________(bad)than older headphones because they play music directly into the ears. Also，earbuds are not as good as blocking outside noise，so people 5.____________use them may turn the volume 6.____________to dangerous levels.
What’s the dangerous level？Well，it 7.____________(depend)on how long you are going to listen to the noise. Very，very loud sounds can be dangerous to your hearing. But scary 8.____________(true) is that even seemingly “normal” noise can be dangerous 9.____________you listen to it all the time.
Think for a minute about how long you spend 10.____________(listen)to loud noise with headphones every day. Then do some research. There are resources online to tell you what volumes are safe，and for how long.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了要注意听音乐的方式，戴耳机听音乐时开很大的音量可能会对听力造成损害。
1．absorbed 解析：考查形容词。be absorbed in...意为“被……吸引住”，符合语境，故填absorbed。
2．specifically 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处是用副词修饰整个句子。
3．were invented 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句意可知，headphones与invent之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态；且此处表示过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。
4．worse 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据空后的“than older headphones”可以判断，此处要用形容词的比较级。故填worse。
5．who/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，且先行词为people，故用who/that。
6．up 解析：考查介词。turn up为固定搭配，意为“开大，调高(音量、热量等)”。
7．depends 解析：考查主谓一致。此处叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且此处主语为it，故填depends。
8．truth 解析：考查名词。空前的scary是形容词，并修饰空处，故填truth。
9．if/when 解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，空处引导状语从句，既可表条件也可表时间，故用if/when。
10．listening 解析：考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth.表示 “花时间做某事”，故用listening。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P297(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·太原模拟)You may feel short of money even if you have a good salary. The following are some tips on 61.____________ to save your money.First, set goals to save money and form money－saving 62.____________ (habit) while staying away from those who waste money.Think twice before using money on expensive skin care products.
Second, cut down your daily expenses. When going to a supermarket, write down what you want to buy to avoid 63.____________ (buy) unnecessary stuff. Girls, 64.____________ always spend money on clothes, should keep 65.____________ eye open for discounts—you’re likely to buy good summer dress in winter at a 66.____________ (reason) price. Third，economize your social life.When it’s your turn to buy a meal, invite your friends to your home and cook the dinner 67.____________ (you). If you separate from your boyfriend, you 68.____________ (suppose) to donate the gifts he sent to you to some charities instead 69.____________ throwing them away. 70.____________ (final), you need to find other ways to earn extra money.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些节省开支的建议。
61．how 解析：考查宾语从句。根据下文可知，本文主要介绍了一些节省开支的建议，即如何节省开支。故填how。
62．habits 解析：考查名词的数。habit是可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，意为“养成省钱的习惯”。故填habits。
63．buying 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句法知识可知，avoid后应接动词的现代分词形式作宾语。故填buying。
64．who 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Girls”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故应用who引导该从句。故填who。
65．an 解析：考查冠词。keep an eye open for 为固定短语，意为“密切注意，留心”，符合语境。故填an。
66．reasonable 解析：考查词性转换。根据空格前的冠词“a”及空格后的名词“price”可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词“price”，表示“以一个公道的价格”。故填reasonable。
67．yourself 解析：考查代词。根据第三点建议可知，要节约社交开支；由此可推知，当轮到你请客吃饭时，你可以邀请朋友到家里来自己做饭给他们吃。故填yourself。
68．are supposed 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。be supposed to do sth. 为固定句型，意为“应该做某事”；此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语是 “you”，故谓语动词用复数。故填are supposed。
69．of 解析：考查介词 。instead of为固定短语，意为“而不是”。故填of。
70．Finally 解析：考查词性转换。此处应用final的副词形式修饰整个句子。故填Finally。注意首字母大写。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·临沂模拟)Last weekend, my parents and I start early to visit my grandpa in the countryside where is about 80 km away. When we arrived, we saw some dishes had been preparing for us. My grandpa was more than happy to see me or have dinner with them. As my grandpa is a good cook, so we ate up all the delicious dishes. After dinner, he listened my report about the life in school. He told me to take more exercise to stay health. He also told me to study hardly to get further education in a key university to make the greater contribution to our motherland.
答案：
Last weekend, my parents and I early to visit my grandpa in the countryside is about 80 km away. When we arrived, we saw some dishes had been for us. My grandpa was more than happy to see me have dinner with . As my grandpa is a good cook, we ate up all the delicious dishes. After dinner, he listened my report about the life in school. He told me to take more exercise to stay . He also told me to study to get further education in a key university to make greater contribution to our motherland.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·呼和浩特调研)假定你是李华。你打算暑假去美国参加一个国际中学生夏令营活动。请根据下面提示信息用英语写一封咨询信，询问这个夏令营的有关情况。内容包括：
1．你打算参加为期几周的夏令营；
2．询问开营日期、地点、主要活动和费用。
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Sir__or__Madam，
I am Li Hua. I am a 17?year?old student from China. I am planning to attend America’s Best Summer Camps during the summer vacation. I am writing to inquire about it.
First, I have decided to join the 3?week summer camp. Could you tell me when it starts and ends so that I can plan my trip in advance? Second, I am wondering where the summer camp will be held. Third, what activities are we going to take part in at the camp? Besides, how much shall I pay for it?
I would appreciate it if you give me a reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours，
Li__Hua
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