Unit 19 Language
[学生用书P141]
单句语法填空
1．It is a beautiful city，____________(surround) by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
答案：surrounded
2．We all came up to the lucky boy to offer our ____________(congratulate) to him.
答案：congratulations
3．The terms of the wage settlement are still under ____________(negotiate) at the present.
答案：negotiation
4．We were shocked by the ____________(announce) that the mayor was resigning.
答案：announcement
5．The firm wants to avoid any ____________(embarrass) questions about its finance.
答案：embarrassing
6．It is impossible to say with any ____________(accurate) how many are affected.
答案：accuracy
7．We have been training our students to adjust themselves ____________ the life here.
答案：to
8．The boss asked us to keep him ____________(inform) of what’s going on in the company.
答案：informed
9．____________(provide) that they refuse our plan，who else can you turn to for help?
答案：Provided/Providing
10．It is reported ____________ a mine accident happened in a town in Shanxi Province.
答案：that
单句改错
1．He likes the kind of car，which has guaranteed for one year for parts and labor.____________________
答案：has后加been
2．The old man has adjusted himself to live in this big city since he came here.____________________
答案：live→living
3．The teacher would inform the woman any progress that her son made at school.____________________
答案：any前加of
4．Being a foreigner，Mike did not catch on the joke at the time.____________________
答案：on后加to
5．Provide that the price is reasonable，I will buy the second?hand car.____________________
答案：Provide→Provided/Providing
单元语法——名词性从句和非人称转述结构
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·江苏卷)It is often the case ____________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
答案：that
2．(2019·四川德阳四校模拟)There have been frequent traffic accidents in China recently, and that is ____________ people are concerned.
答案：where
3．(2019·山东省实验中学一诊)She has received the offer from you, but I don’t know ____________ she will accept it or not.
答案：whether
4．(2019·广东广州期中)____________ there are living creatures in outer space as those on Earth hasn’t been proved until now.
答案：Whether
5．(2019·浙江杭州二中期中)____________ is known to us all is that the 2020 Olympics will take place in Tokyo.
答案：What
6．That is known to us is that smoking is bad for our health. ____________________
答案：That→What
7．He owed his success to the fact what he had been working hard. ____________________
答案：what→that
8．When she is in trouble，she doesn’t know which she can turn to.____________________
答案：which→who/whom
9．It is believed what a new school will be set up here next year. ____________________
答案：what→that
10．The problem is what they are short of money to start the program.____________________
答案：what→that
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It has proved to be the case in the last few decades that English would be the global language. However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the 1.____________(absent) of a native language environment. Some 2.____________(respect) theories on language acquisition believe that to learn a foreign language, you need to 3.____________(surround) by some native speakers. Sadly, most of the English learners can not live in the native country, 4.____________ means we can only depend on our school resources. So teachers have to guarantee 5.____________ adequate amount of input in English, which can be conveyed to the students through 6.____________(vary) mediums. Since extra?curricula work may accelerate language learning, here are some 7.____________(suggest) to English learners: Listening to an English song several times in one week after 8.____________(read) the words; Trying 9.____________(adjust) the language to English in parts you know well while watching a favourite DVD; Studying with friends; Rewarding yourself, including informing a friend 10.____________ your targets so they can help motivate you as well.
答案：1.absence 2.respected 3.be surrounded 4.which
5．an 6.various 7.suggestions 8.reading 9.to adjust
10．of
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．在当今社会，说流利的英语对我们非常重要。(fluent)
2．要掌握一门外语，首先我认为扩大词汇量是必不可少的。(enlarge)
3．我们应该尽量置身于母语是英语的人的包围之中。(surround)
4．我们不能太依赖母语。(rely on)
5．只要我们坚持努力练习，迟早我们会脱颖而出的。(stand out)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
It is of great important for us to speak fluent English in today’s world. To acquire a good knowledge of a foreign language, I think, first at all, it is essential to enlarging our vocabulary. Secondly, we should try to be surrounded by those native speaker. Lastly, we shouldn’t rely on our mother tongue too much. As long as we keep practice English, we will stand out sooner or later.
答案：
It is of great for us to speak fluent English in today’s world. To acquire a good knowledge of a foreign language, I think, first all, it is essential to our vocabulary.Secondly, we should try to be surrounded by those native . Lastly, we shouldn’t rely on our mother tongue too much. As long as we keep English, we will stand out sooner or later.
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adjusting
adjustable
adjustments
accuracy
accurate
accurately
选修7
XUAN XIU QI
Unit 19 Language
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 19 Language
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P323(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·四川绵阳诊断)While money can’t technically buy happiness，it can buy you a mood?lifting, outlook?improving vacation.Haven’t made plans yet to skip town this winter? These money?saving travel tips can help you book the destination of your choice and enjoy your time there—without breaking the bank.
FLY THE COOP FAST
If you’re planning to set off for an adventure right away, try the GTFO (Get The Flight Out) app.It lists the cheapest round?trip flights departing from your local airport that day or by the next morning. At press time，airfare was down 12 percent from last August and round?trip tickets for domestic flights averaged $ 218.
SNAG A DISCOUNTER HOTEL ROOM
If Airbnb isn’t your style, reserve marked?down accommodations on Tingo.com, which lists almost all the rooms in more than 155，000 locations worldwide.After you book a Price Drop room，the site monitors rates until，typically，24 to 48 hours before check?in.If the price drops，Tingo refunds you the difference.
LIVE IT UP LOCALLY
If you’re planning a staycation(宅度假) this winter，try an affordable escape close to home.The free app HotelTonight offers lodging(旅馆) deals in more than 100 U．S.and Canadian cities and regions, and has a location?based feature that gives extra savings on already discounted prices on spots closest to you.Same?day prices fall even lower after 6 p．m.
【解题导语】 本文给出了三种旅游的小建议，既可以让你玩得开心，又可以让你省钱。
1．The GTFO app is most useful to those who________．
A．take a regular business trip
B．seek a last?minute travel
C．can’t afford a comfortable travel
D．plan a short?distance flight
B 解析：细节理解题。根据FLY THE COOP FAST部分第一句可知，the GTFO app可以提供给你说走就走的旅行，也就是最后一分钟作出决定的旅行。故选B项。
2．The underlined word “marked?down” in Paragraph 3 means “________”．
A．highlighted B．written
C．discounted D．scored
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据下一句中的a Price Drop room可知，在Tingo.com上可以预订打折的住宿。由此可猜测，marked?down的意思是“打折的；减价的”，与discounted意思相近。故选C项。
3．What can we infer about the app HotelTonight?
A．Only the U．S.natives can use it.
B．Its deals include the whole America.
C．Prices stay the same within a day.
D．Its services vary from place to place.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知，该应用会提供具有当地特色的服务。故选D项。
B
(2019·沈阳教学质量监测)Encouraging life to bloom(兴旺) in the middle of a desert is no easy task. But one company in the United Arab Emirates has come up with a plan to provide drinking water for the state’s citizens. The company intends to drag icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its fresh water.
The company plans to source the massive blocks of ice from Heard Island, around 600 miles off the coast of mainland Antarctica. It will then transport them around 5，500 miles to Fujairah, one part of the UAE. One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years, according to the company.
The company’s director says they have already travelled the transportation route and checked the possibility of the scheme, according to reports in Gulf News. Speaking to the site about what he is calling the UAE Iceberg Project, Abdullah Mohammad Sulaiman Al Shehi said, “We have made the technical and financial plan. We will start the project at the beginning of 2018. We want it mainly for the water. It could also be good for tourism and the weather.”
The UAE is one of the driest countries in the world, due to its extremely arid climate, which receives less than four inches of rainfall per year. Despite that, it consumes more water than double the global national average, putting the country at severe risk of droughts over the next 25 years.
An average iceberg contains more than 20 billion gallons of water, according to the company. The iceberg takes a long time to melt as 80 percent of it is under the water, while the white ice above reflects sunlight and deflects(使转向) its heat. Blocks of ice will be placed in giant tanks, before being processed. “This is the purest water in the world，” Mr. Al Shehi added.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文中介绍了阿联酋有一家公司计划把南极洲的冰山运到附近的海湾，以解决国内的缺水问题。
4．What can we learn about the UAE project?
A．It will help the UAE harvest fresh water.
B．It will encourage life to boom in Antarctica.
C．It will put the UAE at severe risk of droughts.
D．It will completely change the climate in the UAE.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The company intends to drag icebergs from Antarctica to the gulf coast in order to harvest its fresh water.”可知，这个项目会给阿联酋带来淡水。故选A项。
5．Where could the block of ice come from?
A．The Atlantic Ocean. B．Fujairah.
C．The Gulf. D．Heard Island.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“The company plans to source the massive blocks of ice from Heard Island, around 600 miles off the coast of mainland Antarctica.”可知，这个公司计划从Heard Island上获取冰山。source在本句中表示 “从……获得”。
6．Which of the following may NOT benefit from the project?
A．The local people. B．Antarctica.
C．The weather. D．Tourism.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中第二段中的“One iceberg could provide enough water for one million people over five years”和第三段中的“It could also be good for tourism and the weather.”可知，冰山可以为人们带来淡水，这个项目对旅游业和气候也有利，结合题目要求可知选B项。
7．The author mentions the nature of ice in the last paragraph to show ________．
A．the process of the project
B．the possibility of the plan
C．the purpose of the company
D．the comments on the scheme
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中提到的冰山含有大量的水且融化需要很长时间，再结合 “Blocks of ice will be placed in giant tanks, before being processed.”可以推知，作者在该段提及冰的特性意在表明该计划的可实施性，故选B项。
C
(2019·陕西部分学校检测)A principal in Manhattan informed parents that there would be no more homework for the public school’s students. And then came the arguments—not from teachers, but from parents. Some said they would transfer their children to another school. Some said they were finding online sources of homework for their children. They were not convinced of the explanation from Principal Jane Hsu about the negative effects of homework on young children, including lack of time for other activities and family time, and loss of interest in learning. Hsu suggested children should spend their time on activities that had been found to be good for their academic, social and emotional development.
As a supporter of Hsu’s approach, I wonder how many of the parental arguments occur not because of what children will miss out on, but because parents themselves no longer feel confident about their ability to help their children develop without highly structured activities to guide them.
I’m reminded of a meeting at the school my younger daughter was about to start when she was 6. The head of the school met with parents to say that she was also considering doing away with homework. One mom objected because homework was her “special time” each day with her child when they could sit down together to go through the work. The head of the school appeared surprised at this. She gently suggested that the mother should read to her child, or that they should cook dinner together.
It’s been sad already to see that kids, between their structured soccer practices and their homework, have very little time to play. But it’s even sadder to see the parental nervousness about what might happen to a third?grader who has more time to create, think, read，interact with others, or imagine. What might happen, I believe, must be more happiness, more energy and better physical fitness.
【解题导语】 曼哈顿的一位校长通知家长她的学校将不再给学生布置家庭作业，此举在家长中引发了激烈的讨论。作者本人对这位校长的方法表示支持，并持乐观的态度。
8．From the passage, we know________．
A．teachers are strongly opposed to giving no homework to their students
B．the idea of no homework has led to a heated debate
C．children greatly benefit from the idea of no homework
D．other activities have taken the place of the homework
B 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“And then came the arguments—not from teachers, but from parents.”可知，不再布置家庭作业的做法在家长中引起了激烈的讨论，故选B项。
9．Why did one mom object to the idea of no homework for kids?
A．Her child might lose interest in learning.
B．Her child might have less time to think.
C．She enjoyed the time doing homework with her child.
D．Homework is good for children’s academic development.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“One mom objected...go through the work.”可知，与孩子一块儿做作业对这位母亲来说是件让她高兴的事，所以她反对取消家庭作业这一想法，故选C。
10．What is the author’s attitude towards Principal Jane Hsu’s suggestion?
A．Indifferent. B．Positive.
C．Negative. D．Critical.
B 解析：观点态度题。由第二段中的“As a supporter of Hsu’s approach”和最后一段中的“What might happen...better physical fitness.”可以看出，作者持乐观的态度，故选B。
11．The passage is mainly about________．
A．whether the parents should transfer their children to public school
B．the benefits of doing homework
C．the necessity of changing the education system
D．whether the students should do homework after school
D 解析：主旨大意题。结合全文可知，一位校长通知家长她的学校将取消家庭作业，家长之间就此展开了激烈的讨论，讨论的焦点是“应不应该取消学生的家庭作业”，D项与此相符合，故选D。
D
(2019·洛阳第一次统考)I look around and can’t recognize where I am. It seems familiar but distant. I see my friends gather by a stage where music is playing and I run over. As I begin running towards them, they become further and further away. I keep calling them, but no one hears me. I start hearing a distant alarm?like sound and I am transported away. I woke up in a daze(茫然) sitting in my bed.
“Oh, it was only a dream，” I said to myself, I have always had vivid and intense dreams. Sometimes, it feels like I haven’t even slept because I have been living in my dreams during my sleep.
Today, dreaming is being studied even more than ever. Some say that dreams are how your receptors(感受器) make sense of random thoughts while you sleep. Some say that you can’t dream of a face you have never seen before, so everyone you see in your dreams is whom you have at least laid eyes on at one time or another.
Other people think dreams are ways of expressing stress or internal feelings you may be experiencing. A lot of people say that they have dreams about being chased(追逐).
A common interpretation of the “being chased” dream is that you are feeling threatened. Some dream interpretation sites say you should try to reflect on what or who is chasing you to get a better idea of what is making you feel this way.
Another dream that is often experienced is flying. This dream has a much more positive interpretation, which is that you are feeling free or have broken out of a bad situation such as a relationship turning sour or a job you hate.
Unfortunately, you may forget half of your dream within five minutes of waking up and within 10 minutes, you usually forget 90 percent of it.
Dreamologists, people who devote time to the study and interpretation of dreams, suggest if you want to try to remember and study your dreams you should keep a diary beside your bed and write down what you dreamt as soon as you wake up so you can reflect on it later.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，作者通过讲述自己做的梦来引出话题，分析了梦所代表的意义。
12．Dreams of “being chased” occur because________．
A．you are feeling threatened
B．you just quit a job you hate
C．your friends are far away from you when you are in need
D．your receptors are always thinking while you sleep
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“A common interpretation of the ‘being chased’ dream is that you are feeling threatened.”可知，对于梦中 “被追逐” 的常见解读是你正感觉受到威胁。故选A项。
13．Why should we keep a diary beside our bed to reflect on dreams?
A．We need to chase those people who appeared in our dreams.
B．We usually forget 90 percent of a dream within 10 minutes.
C．It can help us get out of the intense dreams.
D．It can help us sleep well without dreams.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“you may forget half of your dream within five minutes of waking up and within 10 minutes，you usually forget 90 percent of it”可知，人可能会在醒来后5分钟内忘掉一半的梦，10分钟内，往往已经忘掉了90%。因此我们可以在床边放一本日记本，方便醒来后马上把梦写下来。故选B项。
14．Where can we read this article?
A．In a poster.
B．In a physics book.
C．In a travelling magazine.
D．In a science newspaper.
D 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文对梦进行了分析，并对梦中“被追逐”和“飞翔” 进行了解读，因此本文属于科学范畴，故选D项。
15．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Why Am I Always Dreaming
B．How Is My Dream Created
C．What Do My Dreams Mean
D．How to Avoid Dreams
C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第三段中的“Some say that dreams are how your receptors(感受器) make sense of random thoughts while you sleep.”及第四段中的“Other people think dreams are ways of expressing stress or internal feelings you may be experiencing.”可知，本文对梦所代表的意义进行了分析，故选C项。
七选五
(2019·辽宁五校联考)Shortness of breath has many different causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause. 1.________There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it ，at least until the ambulance arrives or you’re able to get the victim to a hospital.
2．________The more energy you spend, the more oxygen you use and the more short of breath you feel. Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure? Take a break.
Let the victim sit, stand or lie where’s the most comfortable. There’re lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell players to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position. 3.________
Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems. If the victim has oxygen available, this is what it’s for. 4.________ The victim may have been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.
Treat the cause of shortness of breath. 5.________Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tools and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath. Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.
A．Have the victim rest.
B．Take more exercise at the gym.
C．The victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.
D．There’re many causes of shortness of breath and many of them are treatable.
E．The victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.
F．Every person is different, however，so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.
G．In many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the victim to a doctor.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。
1．G 解析：本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选G。
2．A 解析：根据本段中的“The cure? Take a break.”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选A。
3．F 解析：根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选F。
4．C 解析：根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选C。
5．D 解析：根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗的，故选D。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P326(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·济南针对性训练)A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations.Inspiring speakers__1__thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12__2__ride.
I had__3__into Dallas just for the purpose of calling on a client.Time was precious and my__4__included a quick round?trip from and back to the airport.A__5__taxi pulled up.The driver rushed to__6__the passenger door for me and made sure I was__7__seated before he closed the door.As he got in the driver’s seat，he__8__that the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use.He then showed me several__9__and asked me what type of music I would enjoy.
I could not believe the __10__I was receiving！I took the opportunity to say, “__11__you take great pride in your work.You must have a__12__to share.”
“You bet，” he__13__， “I used to be in Corporate America.But I was tired of thinking my best would never be good enough.I__14__to find my right position in life，where I could feel__15__of being the best.I love driving cars，and feeling like I have done a full day’s work and done it __16__．So I chose to become a__17__．One thing I know for sure，to be good in my business I just have to meet the expectations of my passengers.__18__，to be great in my business，I have to go__19__the customer’s expectations！”
The taxi driver taught me a great life__20__：Go an extra mile when providing any service to others.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了一名出租车司机给作者上了一堂关于如何达到客户满意和期望的课。
1．A.offer B．charge
C．pay D．afford
B 解析：根据空后的“thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12”可知，励志演讲家的培训是要收费的。charge表示 “收费”，符合语境。
2．A.taxi B．bus
C．car D．train
A 解析：根据文章第一句“A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations.”可知，出租车司机收作者12美元。
3．A.driven B．flown
C．run D．cycled
B 解析：根据第二段第二句的“Time was precious and my______included a quick round?trip from and back to the airport.”可知，作者当时是乘飞机去的。
4．A.hope B．purpose
C．plan D．choice
C 解析：根据语境可知，时间很珍贵，作者的计划中包括往返机场的旅程。
5．A.private B．rough
C．slow D．clean
D 解析：根据下文的“the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use”可推知，出租车很干净。
6．A.open B．lock
C．push D．shut
A 解析：结合 “the passenger door for me”可推知，司机赶快跑过来给作者开车门。
7．A.silently B．comfortably
C．tightly D．casually
B 解析：根据语境可推知，该司机注重乘客的满意度，所以他一定确保作者乘坐舒适。
8．A.declared B．concluded
C．found D．mentioned
D 解析：根据语境可推知，司机向乘客提醒有杂志可看。mention “提到”。
9．A.pictures B．maps
C．tapes D．books
C 解析：根据空后的“asked me what type of music I would enjoy”可推知，司机给作者拿出几盘音乐磁带让他选择。
10．A.service B．gift
C．invitation D．advice
A 解析：根据空后的“I was receiving”可推知，作者对出租车司机提供的服务非常吃惊，难以相信。receive the service “接受服务”。
11．A.Actually B．Obviously
C．Gradually D．Suddenly
B 解析：由空后的“You must have a ______to share.”以及语境可推知，显而易见，作者认为出租车司机为自己的工作自豪。
12．A.chance B．secret
C．story D．ride
C 解析：根据空后的“to share” 以及语境可推知，此处表示有故事分享。
13．A.whispered B．argued
C．sighed D．replied
D 解析：根据语境可知，司机回应了作者的推断。
14．A.decided B．promised
C．happened D．hesitated
A 解析：根据空前的“I was tired of thinking”可推知，司机决定行动起来，找到生活中合适的位置而不是一味地想想。
15．A.careful B．proud
C．afraid D．curious
B 解析：根据第三段第二句中的“you take great pride in your work”可推知，司机想做到最好并为自己的工作自豪。
16．A.early B．rapidly
C．cautiously D．well
D 解析：根据语境可推知，司机想把工作做好。
17．A.driver B．director
C．client D．speaker
A 解析：根据语境可知，他决定转行当一名司机。
18．A.Besides B．Therefore
C．However D．Perhaps
C 解析：根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用However “然而”。
19．A.against B．within
C．over D．beyond
D 解析：根据文章最后一句“Go an extra mile when providing any service to others.”可知，要想做到最好，就要多为客户考虑，超出客户的期望。beyond “超出”。
20．A.method B．experience
C．lesson D．standard
C 解析：根据文章开头 “A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations.”可知，此处表示司机给作者上了生动的一课。
语法填空
Nobody wants to be aged, but 1.____________ it comes to visiting cities most of us want to visit the world’s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most 2.____________(attraction) cities in the world that I’d like to recommend to you.
Luoyang stands out 3.____________ the oldest continually inhabited city in Asia. The city is considered to be 4.____________ birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. There 5.____________ (be) no other city in China that has seen so many 6.____________ (dynasty) like Luoyang.
With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang has really a lot 7.____________ (offer). The Longmen Grottoes, which 8.____________(include) on the World Heritage List in 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples 9.____________ (constant) attract tourists from all over the world.Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple，the earliest Buddhist temple 10.____________ (establish)in China.Are you anxious to visit the city?
【解题导语】 本文是说明文，介绍了古都洛阳。洛阳拥有悠久的、激动人心的历史和诸多名胜古迹。对游客来说，洛阳是一个值得一游的城市。
1．when 解析：考查状语从句。when it comes to...为固定结构，意为“当提到……时”。
2．attractive 解析：考查形容词。空处在句中作定语修饰cities，故用形容词attractive“吸引人的”。
3．as 解析：考查介词。as在句中意为“作为”。stand out as“作为……而出类拔萃”。
4．the 解析：考查冠词。此处用定冠词，特指中国文化和历史的发源地。
5．is 解析：考查时态及主谓一致。文中客观介绍了洛阳的相关事实，用一般现在时。空格处所在句为There be句型，句中主语为no other city in China，所以be动词用第三人称单数。
6．dynasties 解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的“so many”可知此处用dynasty的复数形式。
7．to offer 解析：考查非谓语动词。have意为“有”时，后面一般用带to的不定式作定语。
8．were included 解析：考查时态和语态。句中的时间状语“in 2000”表明空格处用一般过去时；which(指代The Longmen Grottoes)与include之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；Grottoes为复数形式，故用were。
9．constantly 解析：考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词，故用副词。
10．established 解析：考查非谓语动词。establish与所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的被动关系，且表示一个完成的动作，所以用过去分词作定语。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P327(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·河北五个一名校联考)As you know, science plays 61.____________very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up 62.____________the latest research and discoveries in science? There are many good websites 63.____________you can check out the latest in the science world.
One great site is Science News for Kids. This site reports science news 64.____________(cover) a wide range of subjects. The articles are intended for younger readers, but adults will find this site 65.____________(suit) for them as well. Another wonderful site, one that I check out every day, 66.____________(call) Science Daily. The site is 67.____________(constant) updated with news, often about exciting 68.____________(finding) that change how we view the world.
These sites post the latest stories and also keep all the past articles they 69.____________(post) earlier. That way you can find articles just about anything that 70.____________(be) related to the science fields you are interested in.
【解题导语】 众所周知，科学在我们的教育中充当了一个很重要的角色。文章向我们介绍了几个方便查询最新科技信息的网站。
61．a 解析：考查冠词。play an important role in...为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演重要角色(发挥重要作用)”，因为空后有发音以辅音音素开头的very，故填冠词a。
62．with 解析：考查介词。你想紧跟科技界最新的研究和发现吗？keep up with为固定搭配，意为“跟上，紧跟，不落在……后面”。
63．where 解析：考查定语从句。先行词为websites，空处在从句中作地点状语，所以用where，相当于on which。
64．covering 解析：考查非谓语动词。提示词为动词，该句中已经有谓语动词reports，提示词cover和其所修饰的名词news之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用cover的v.?ing形式作后置定语，在此相当于which covers。
65．suitable 解析：考查形容词。这里构成 “find＋宾语＋形容词(宾补)” 结构，所以用suit的形容词形式。
66．is called 解析：考查语态和时态。另一个 “我” 每天查看的精彩网站被称作每日科学。 one that I check out every day是主语Another wonderful site的同位语，且主语和call构成被动关系，再结合全文的时态，确定此处用一般现在时的被动语态。
67．constantly 解析：考查副词。修饰动词updated，作状语，故用副词。
68．findings 解析：考查名词的数。finding为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且定语从句中谓语动词为“change”，为复数概念，所以应用复数形式。
69．posted 解析：考查动词的时态。这里指的是the past articles(以前的文章)，也就是说是以前发布的，所以用一般过去时。
70．is 解析：考查主谓一致。关系代词that指代的是先行词anything，并在从句中作主语，再结合全文的时态可知，应填is。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·长春普通高中质量监测二)One day, when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents went to a trip. Grandma seemed so happy to take care of me which she made me a special breakfast. Therefore, I complained about the food she cooked. Grandma quiet put down the bowl and went into the living room. I followed and saw tear in her eyes. It was the first time that I have ever seen my strong grandmother to cry. And I knew I was the one who had caused it. I apologized and asked her to forgive me. She smiled and told me I was good boy even if I didn’t feel like one then. That memory will stay in her heart forever, because I learn that ask for forgiveness helps me to learn and grow.
答案：
One day, when I was about 5 or 6 years old, my parents went a trip. Grandma seemed so happy to take care of me she made me a special breakfast. ， I complained about the food she cooked. Grandma put down the bowl and went into the living room. I followed and saw in her eyes. It was the first time that I ever seen my strong grandmother cry. And I knew I was the one who had caused it. I apologized and asked her to forgive me. She smiled and told me I was good boy even if I didn’t feel like one then. That memory will stay in heart forever, because I learn that for forgiveness helps me to learn and grow.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假设你是李华，今年将要参加高考。你想在大学里学习外语专业，但是你的老师和父母都对你的选择提出了不同看法，对此你很苦恼。请根据下表提示，用英语给你的英国笔友David发一封邮件，谈谈你的专业选择问题。
建议 专业 理由
父母的建议 金融 为将来从商做准备
老师的建议 法律 就业前景好
你的想法 外语 充分发挥自己的语言天赋
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear David，
I am at a loss nowadays.___________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to your advice.
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__David，
I__am__at__a__loss__nowadays.My teacher and parents have different opinions about choosing my major in college.My parents think I should major in finance because they feel that it will prepare me for a career in the world of business.However，my teacher says I should choose law，who thinks that our society is in great need of skilled workers and experts in law and that I will find a good job after graduation.Despite their opinions，I want to learn a foreign language because language is what I am interested in and good at.I know it would be a waste if I don’t make full use of my talent for language.What should I do?
I__am__looking__forward__to__your__advice.
Yours，
Li__Hua
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