Unit 23 Conflict
[学生用书P167]
单句语法填空
1．I intended ____________(inform) him of the news, but I forgot it.
答案：to have informed
2．Tom is very angry because his brother is in ____________(possess) of all the businesses.
答案：possession
3．No sooner had he begun to speak ____________ his father stopped him that day.
答案：than
4．Why are we releasing this silver dollar for such a ____________(remark) price?
答案：remarkable
5．He has some ____________(acquaint) with pop music，but doesn’t know much.
答案：acquaintance
6．____________(expose) to the bright sun，the little girl’s skin has become very red.
答案：Exposed
7．What do you do every day to ____________(strength) your body when you are busy?
答案：strengthen
8．Solid waste can ____________(classify) into different types depending on their sources.
答案：be classified
9．To arrive there on time, we made our ____________(depart) in the early morning.
答案：departure
10．The Red Cross organized the ____________(distribute) of food and clothing in the disaster area.
答案：distribution
单句改错
1．It is said that the car is in possession of an old man.____________________
答案：in后加the
2．They wanted to make compromise with the government，but failed.____________________
答案：make后加a
3．He likes reading newspapers，who has subscribed China Daily for years.____________________
答案：subscribed后加to
4．No sooner had I reached home when it began to rain.____________________
答案：when→than
5．The girl is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointing to guard her.____________________
答案：appointing→appointed
单元语法——强调结构，倒装句，表达完成的动词形式
单句语法填空
1．It was in Zhu Rihe ____________ I attended the military parade in July, 2017.
答案：that
2．Hardly ____________ he walked out when the telephone rang that morning.
答案：had
3．He said that he ____________(be) to the small village twice already.
答案：had been
4．The students ____________(do) all the exercises, the teacher went on to explain the text.
答案：having done
5．I’m really very sorry ____________(step) on your foot.
答案：to have stepped
教材与语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s natural that some people sometimes come into conflict 1.____________ their neighbors.Here are two examples.Yang Ming，2.____________ was a drummer for the rock band，had to pack his bags and leave his apartment.He held parties every night，which 3.____________(make) a loud noise.4.____________ a result，his neighbors couldn’t stand it any longer.One neighbor said that Yang Ming was an alcoholic，which had a bad influence 5.____________ his son.Later，the local council took action to deal with the neighbors’ 6.____________(complain)．
Smith is a gardener and a fish collector and he lives above the Mckays.7.____________(fortunate) for Smith，the water he 8.____________(send) over his balcony ended up on the Mckay’s every day.One evening，the Mckays 9.____________(celebrate) James’ birthday when the dirty water came from above and the Mckays were all wet.James was so angry that he went upstairs 10.____________(hit) Smith over the head.
答案：1.with 2.who 3.made 4.As 5.on
6．complaints 7.Unfortunately 8.sent
9．were celebrating 10.to hit
话题知识与写作
(Ⅰ)根据要求运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文。
1．有个年轻人一直想知道他父亲什么时候把公司移交给他。(hand over)
2．一天，他在一刹那有了一个主意。(in a flash)
3．他派人去叫来一位智者并让这个人为他提供一个建议。(send for；put forward)
4．这位智者告诉他，要做到守信用，并且任何时候不向困难屈服。(keep one’s word；give in)
________________________________________________________________________
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(Ⅱ)下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。
A young man was wondering as his father would hand over the company to him. One day, in the flash, he had an idea. He sent a wise man and asked him to put forward to a suggestion for him. The wise man told him to keep his word and never gave in to the difficulties.
答案：
A young man was wondering his father would hand over the company to him. One day, in flash, he had an idea. He sent a wise man and asked him to put forward a suggestion for him. The wise man told him to keep his word and never in to the difficulties.
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选修8
XUAN XIU BA
Unit 23 Conflict
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 23 Conflict
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P343(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·广东七校联合体高三联考)It’s almost the camp season!
Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful.
Tahosa High Adventure Base
Location: Ward, Colorado
People’s puzzle: Tahosa’s ropes courses are some of the nation’s best. Use your hands, feet and brains to take up high－flying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9，000 feet? Yes. Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir!
Choose your adventure: Go all－inclusive, where the staff prepare meals and run the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.
Camp Raymond
Location: Parks, Arizona
Don’t look down: When you are looking up at the stars, light pollution is your enemy. But Camp Raymond’s location and elevation(海拔) of 6，700 feet offer perfect conditions for seeing otherwise invisible stars.
That’s cool: Don’t forget your camera and a jacket. During the day, you could spot bears and deer. At night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at summer camp? Cool.
Pamlico Sea Base
Location: Blounts Creek, North Carolina
Go coastal: Explore the Carolina coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico provides the equipment. Keep an eye out for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloads of fish.
Set sail: Even if you don’t know the starboard, Pamlico’s sailing journey will make you a first－rate sailor in no time. You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.
Base Camp
Location: St. Paul, Minnesota
Big upgrade: What happens when you change a 1907 cavalry drill hall(骑兵训练场) into an adventure destination in the heart of the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lock－ins, weekend retreats(隐居处) and summer camp.
Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个不同类型的夏令营，包括活动地点、活动项目、注意事项等。
1．What do we know about Tahosa High Adventure Base?
A．It requires fishing licenses.
B．It offers lessons on flying a plane.
C．It’s the camp that is intended for brave kids.
D．It is a camp where you can set your own pace.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Summer at one of the following awesome camps？”可知，“Tahosa High Adventure Base”是夏令营；根据该部分最后两句“Go all－inclusive, where the staff prepare meals and run the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.”可知，你可以选择全包的方式，那里的工作人员会准备饭并组织项目，或者你自己控制并计划你完美的一周；这是你的选择。据此可知，参加Tahosa High冒险基地夏令营可以设定自己的节奏，故D项正确。
2．What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base?
A．How to use the starboard.
B．How to choose camping equipment.
C．How to use the stars for directions.
D．How to make a boat on your own.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据Pamlico Sea Base部分的尾句“You’ll even practice finding your way using the stars.”可知，在Pamlico海洋基地夏令营，你可以学会用星星辨别方向，故C项正确。
3．In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days?
A．Base Camp.
B．Camp Raymond.
C．Pamlico Sea Base.
D．Tahosa High Adventure Base.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Base Camp部分中的“Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winter’s coldest days.”可知，基地夏令营的大部分活动都在室内，这意味着像攀登墙这样的活动可以在冬天最冷的时候进行。故A项正确。
B
(2019·济南高考模拟)At 1，345 meters above sea level, Ben Nevis is definitely not the world’s most difficult mountain to climb. But things get considerably tricky if instead of hiking shoes you put on a pair of 5－inch high heels, especially if you’re a guy. One English teenager recently proved that it was not impossible.
Ben Conway, a 19－year－old art student from London, recently took up the challenge as a way to stand out in an application for a scholarship for the School of Communication Arts in Brixton. He started his unusual high－heel climb at 8 a．m., on June 27, and was joined by Callum MacKenzie Allen, a friend from his art foundation year, who videotaped the whole thing for a two－minute video that served as his application project. The whole climb took five hours and wasn’t the smoothest experience.
Halfway up Ben Nevis, one of his shoes broke, so he had to tape the shoes to his feet to make sure they stayed on. The weather didn’t make it easy for him either, as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whole time, and he had to go against 40 to 50 miles an hour winds. Due to these difficult conditions, Ben and his friend had to turn back after reaching 900 meters up the mountain.
Apart from providing a unique art school application project, the high－heel climb also allowed the 19－year－old to raise some money for worthy causes, like Sal’s Shoes, which provides footwear for barefoot children around the world.
“Raising money for charity brings happiness to people’s lives and if I can do something ridiculous and bring someone happiness, then that’s what it’s all about，” Ben said.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了19岁的英国学生Ben Conway穿5英寸(约13厘米)的高跟鞋爬海拔1 345米的本尼维斯山的故事。
4．What can replace the underlined word “tricky” in Paragraph 1?
A．Pleasant. B．Boring.
C．Tough. D．Smooth.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的第一句可知，海拔1 345米的本尼维斯山绝对不是世界上最难攀爬的山峰。根据画线词所在句中的“But”可知，前后句为转折关系，且根据前一句中的“difficult”及后一句中的“impossible”可知，画线词所在句表示，但是如果不是穿登山鞋而是穿一双5英寸的高跟鞋的话，特别是对一个男人来说，事情就相当难办了。因此画线词tricky的意思为“难办的，棘手的”，故选C项。
5．Why did Allen videotape the high－heel climb for Ben?
A．To prove nothing is impossible.
B．To record a special experience.
C．To promote their friendship.
D．To assist in Ben’s application.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He started...was joined by Callum MacKenzie Allen, a friend from his art foundation year, who videotaped the whole thing for a two－minute video that served as his application project.”可知，Allen录下Ben穿高跟鞋爬山的过程是为了协助Ben进行奖学金的申请，故选D项。
6．What does Paragraph 3 focus on?
A．The difficulties in the climb.
B．The climbing route.
C．The terrible weather.
D．The unexpected incident.
A 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Ben在穿高跟鞋爬山过程中高跟鞋坏了一只、天几乎一直在下雨、顶着每小时40至50英里的风，因此第三段主要写的是Ben在爬山过程中遇到的困难，故选A项。
7．What can best describe Ben’s story?
A．Puzzling. B．Inspiring.
C．Exciting. D．Frightening.
B 解析：推理判断题。通读全文并根据第一段中的“One English teenager recently proved that it was not impossible.”可知，Ben的故事向我们证明困难的事情是可以做到的，他的故事是鼓舞人心的，故选B项。
C
(2019·辽宁大连双基测试)Whenever we see a button, we want to press it because we know that something will happen.This is true in most cases, for example, on a doorbell.But some buttons are actually fake(假的), like the “close” button on a lift.
Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait.But lifts’ “close” buttons are a complete trick, at least in the U．S.—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.
It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the U．S., making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter safely.Only repair workers can use the buttons to speed up the door closing process if they have special keys.
But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren’t completely useless.According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.
“A sense of control is very important.It reduces stress and increases well?being，” said Ellen J．Langer, a psychology professor at Harvard University.Experts also added that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose.
For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don’t live up to their names either.Pressing them used to help make the traffic signals change faster, but that was before computer?controlled traffic signals were introduced.
But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”， they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们平时生活中所见到的按钮可能是不起作用的。
8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To describe different fake buttons.
B．To explore the functions of fake buttons.
C．To analyze various habits of pushing buttons.
D．To explain the disadvantages of fake buttons.
B 解析：写作意图题。通读整篇文章可知，作者通过举例子介绍了不同地点的虚假按钮，其目的是探求这些虚假按钮的功能。故选B。
9．What can we learn about the “close” buttons on a lift in America?
A．They work when people press them hard.
B．They were designed for a sense of control.
C．They never speed up the door?closing process.
D．They take the safety of the disabled into account.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的第一句可知， 美国电梯里的“关闭”按钮是为了确保残疾人能安全地通过。故选D。
10．What can we infer about pedestrian crosswalk buttons?
A．They can make people feel better.
B．They help computers work faster.
C．They can control the traffic signals.
D．They help pedestrians cross safely.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control”和第六段中的“For example, pedestrian crosswalk buttons don’t live up to their names either.”可知， 人行横道按钮也没有实现其功能，但可以让人们感觉好一点，故选A。
11．Which may be the best title for the passage?
A．Buttons in the U．S.A.
B．Buttons Always Lie
C．Buttons May Not Work
D．“Close” Buttons on Lifts
C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了有些按钮只是形式上的，而不具备真正的实际功能。故C项“按钮可能不起作用”最符合文章主旨。故选C。
D
(2019·合肥高三第一次质检)When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America，they brought along with them aspects of their own culture—religion，dance，language，music，and cuisine. A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston，and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns(圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.
These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”，which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War.This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.
The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa，but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened the identity of their music that，in the 1950s，eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll.The Beatles，the most influential band of the 1960s，is often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology(意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today.The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music.It was not just music any more，but a lifestyle.
Over the decades，music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture.Musicians are glorified，with tons of adoring and screaming fans.The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans，as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However，criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production，and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.
【解题导语】 当奴隶开始被从西非带到美国南部时，他们也带来了自己的文化——宗教、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹饪。本文主要讲的是音乐在文化融合中的发展。
12．What contributed to the birth of the Charleston?
A．Various African religions.
B．People’s love of tribal dances.
C．A mix of two different cultures.
D．The popularity of sorrowful hymns.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared.The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston”可知，两种文化的混合促进了Charleston的出现。故选C。
13．According to the passage，what can we learn about the blues?
A．It became popular in the late 20th century.
B．It may include the description of slaves’ sad lives.
C．It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War.
D．It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called ‘the blues’”可知，对在苛刻的气候和环境下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“the blues”。故选B。
14．What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to?
A．Slaves’ collective work.
B．One region of West Africa.
C．The new common culture.
D．The music by the Beatles.
C 解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“...they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture.This strengthened...”可知，他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。故选C。
15．It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century ________．
A．possessed soul and sincerity
B．became more commercialized
C．was blamed for its mass production
D．widened the gap between musicians and fans
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century”可知，选A。
七选五
(2019·郑州一中高三入学测试)In the age of the keyboard，some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out.
Steve Graham，a literacy professor at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee，has been hearing about the death of handwriting for the past fifteen years. 1.________He said，“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.”
Ninety percent of teachers also say they are required to teach handwriting. 2.________
Professor Graham says one study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. 3.________Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.
Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again. 4.________Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. 5.________
Teachers commonly report that about one?fourth of their students has poor handwriting.Some people might think handwriting is not important anymore because of computers and voice recognition(识别) programs.
A．After all，that is why we write.
B．Nowadays teachers pay more and more attention to their students’ writing.
C．So is it still being taught?
D．But who cares if people know how to write well?
E．But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it.
F．Today’s thinking is that short periods of practices are better.
G．He says some teachers teach handwriting for ten to fifteen minutes a day.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了在电脑时代，学校教授书法的现状研究。
1．C 解析：根据下文中的“it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three”可知，空处应表示对是否要教学生书法的疑问，故C项符合语境。
2．E 解析：根据上文中的“If the results of a survey we have published this year are accurate，it is being taught by about ninety percent of teachers in grades one to three.”及空前一句可知，此处表示对研究结果的进一步分析，故E项符合语境。
3．G 解析：根据下文中的“Others teach it for sixty to seventy minutes a day.”可知，此处表示一些老师教授书法的时间，所以G项符合语境。
4．F 解析：根据语境可知，空处与上文的“Many adults remember learning that way—by copying letters over and over again.”形成对比，并与下文的“Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught only with itself.”呼应，此处讲述的是学书法的方法的今昔差异，故F项符合语境。
5．A 解析：根据语境可知，空处承接上文中的“Instead，they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas.”，此处表示表达想法正是我们练习书法的原因，所以A项符合语境。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P346(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·合肥高三调研)Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a __1__ job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and __2__， and there was nothing much wrong in my life. __3__， I was bored.
I wanted more. I wanted to live __4__ and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the __5__ ones of everyday life. But I was __6__. I had never had any __7__ in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of __8__， and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite __9__ that childhood shyness.
And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really __10__．
So I __11__ that the small steps weren’t enough. I signed up for an internship(实习期的工作) of teaching English in Vietnam, an __12__ huge step, one that __13__ me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food was __14__ and the streets were unfamiliar. I had no idea whether I would be able to __15__ everything that this very strange environment would __16__ at me.
I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching, exploring and laughing. I’d learned to __17__ myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home __18__， even to myself, let alone to others. The __19__ that had controlled my life and the self－doubt were __20__．
That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。
1．A.stable B．temporary
C．difficult D．demanding
A 解析：根据上文中的“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。
2．A.tips B．rewards
C．treats D．fines
C 解析：根据空前的“money in the bank for trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。
3．A.Thus B．Instead
C．Otherwise D．However
D 解析：根据语境可知，空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。thus“因此”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。
4．A.easily B．brightly
C．peacefully D．modestly
B 解析：根据空后的“loudly”可推知，作者对之前的美好生活并不满足，想生活得更加充满生气(brightly)。
5．A.bitter B．clear
C．grey D．sweet
C 解析：根据上文中的“I was bored”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的(grey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make sharp memories”相呼应。
6．A.proud B．innocent
C．outgoing D．afraid
D 解析：根据空前的“But”以及下文中的“childhood shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧。
7．A.pride B．confidence
C．interest D．shame
B 解析：根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of ______”和“childhood shyness”可推知，作者一直以来对自己都缺乏信心(confidence)，与下文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”相呼应。
8．A.stress B．excitement
C．confusion D．surprise
A 解析：根据空后的“even though I did get better as I got older”可推知，在孩童时期，去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理负担(stress)。
9．A.added to B．talked about
C．got over D．suffered from
C 解析：根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服(got over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
10．A.continued B．survived
C．failed D．helped
D 解析：根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关(提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事(helped)。
11．A.figured B．promised
C．predicted D．disagreed
A 解析：根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为(figured)小的措施是不够的。
12．A.equally B．impossibly
C．unnecessarily D．occasionally
B 解析：去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。
13．A.ignored B．impressed
C．annoyed D．terrified
D 解析：此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕(terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。
14．A.nice B．colorful
C．strange D．inadequate
C 解析：由下文中的“the streets were unfamiliar”和“this very strange environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生(strange)。
15．A.doubt B．handle
C．quit D．obtain
B 解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道自己是否能够应付(handle)这个完全陌生的环境抛(throw)给自己的一切。
16．A.point B．throw
C．shout D．aim
B 解析：参见上题解析。throw at“朝……扔”。
17．A.trust B．enjoy
C．excuse D．forgive
A 解析：与上文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了相信自己。
18．A.unconcerned B．unsatisfied
C．unchangeable D．unrecognizable
D 解析：根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。
19．A.fear B．respect
C．courage D．anger
A 解析：由空后的“controlled my life”和“the self－doubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕(fear)控制，与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。
20．A.picked up B．forgotten about
C．worn off D．put off
C 解析：作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，自信满满，自我怀疑逐渐消失(worn off)。
语法填空
A lot of the time when I reveal to my French friends that I am a vegetarian (素食者)，a look of horror comes over their faces！1.____________ has been fascinating to experience the cultural 2.____________(important) of food in different countries. In the United Kingdom, vegetarianism is very popular. However，here in France, I often struggle 3.____________(find) a meat?and fish?free option on a menu, 4.____________can make eating in restaurants a bit of a challenge.
A common misconception about vegetarian food is that it is not as tasty, nutritious or filling 5.____________ a meal which involves meat or fish. However, although sometimes vegetarian food requires a little more creativity，it is very easy to enjoy a healthy and 6.____________(balance)diet as a vegetarian, as meat substitutes are becoming so much more 7.____________ (easy) accessible. Meat?free Mondays is all about helping people to have one day a week free of meat. By the way the meat?free day does not necessarily have to be a Monday！The campaign 8.____________(aim) to lower the carbon footprint of the planet as well as to improve our health. This is a great challenge for anyone who would like to try out some vegetarian cooking and is a wonderful way to contribute to 9.____________(slow) down climate change. I hope you will enjoy trying out some 10.____________(amaze) vegetarian recipes!
1．It 解析：考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。故填It。
2．importance 解析：考查名词。由其前的the cultural可知设空处应填名词，故填importance。
3．to find 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。struggle to do sth.意为“努力去做某事”。
4．which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句且指代整个主句，故填which。
5．as 解析：考查固定结构。as...as...意为“像……一样……”。
6．balanced 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。balanced diet意为“均衡的饮食”。
7．easily 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰形容词accessible，故填副词easily。
8．aims 解析：考查一般现在时。由上下文可知此处描述的是现在的情况，故用一般现在时。
9．slowing 解析：考查动词?ing形式作宾语的用法。contribute to中的to是介词，故其后需填动词?ing形式。
10．amazing 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语，说明事物的特征，意为“令人吃惊的”，故填amazing。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P347(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·山西太原五中检测)Learning any language takes practice—lots of practice！Often，it’s difficult to know 61.____________ you should practice it. Should you watch a video? Perhaps, 62.____________ would be a good idea to do a few 63.____________ (quiz). Of course, you should try to speak English with your friends. All of these are great ideas, but it’s also important to build a routine. A routine will help you make 64.____________ (study) English a habit. That’s the best way to improve your English!
It’s important to 65.____________ (expose) to many different areas every day. 66.____________，you shouldn’t try to study too many 67.____________ (differ) subjects. These suggestions take a 30?minute listening and reading as the basis for daily practice. You are trying to learn many new things, so don’t try to learn too much in any one area too 68.____________ (quick) !
Take 5 minutes to write down all the new words you find in your listening and reading exercises. Keep a notebook, and write in the 69.____________ (translate) in your native language. Don’t forget to learn grammar for 10 minutes. Try to quickly summarize what you listened to and what you read and speak out loud.
That’s it ! Approximately 45 minutes a day, every day or at least four times a week! If you continue to do this, you will be 70.____________ (surprise) at how quickly your English improves!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高英语学习效果的几种练习方法。
61．how 解析：考查从句连接词。下文介绍了学习语言时练习的方法，所以这里应填how，引导宾语从句。句意：很难知道应该如何去练习。
62．it 解析：考查代词。此处应填it，作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
63．quizzes 解析：考查名词单复数。a few修饰名词复数，quiz的复数形式为quizzes。
64．studying 解析：考查非谓语动词。make后面跟名词或动名词作宾语。本句是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，studying English是宾语，a habit是宾语补足语。
65．be exposed 解析：考查非谓语动词。expose“接触；暴露”，为及物动词。expose sb./sth.to sth.“把某人/某物暴露于……；让某人/某物接触……”，为固定搭配，当sb./sth.作主语时，要用其被动形式be exposed to sth.。本句It作形式主语，expose后面没有宾语，所以用被动形式，故填be exposed。
66．However 解析：考查副词。此处前后两句为转折关系，空后有逗号隔开，故填However“然而”。
67．different 解析：考查词性转换。形容词different修饰名词subjects，作定语。
68．quickly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词quickly修饰句中的谓语动词。
69．translation 解析：考查词性转换。定冠词the后面要跟名词。故填translation。
70．surprised 解析：考查词性转换。sb. be surprised at...“某人对……感到惊奇”，用形容词surprised作表语。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·石家庄重点中学高三摸底考试)I’m more than pleasing to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended to the Chinese learners who they are not native. Confucius Institute provide various interesting subjects. You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese written. Also, you have more chance to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival or Mid－Autumn Festival. Some relevant activities will be holding during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, which you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.
答案：
I’m more than to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended the Chinese learners who are not native. Confucius Institute various interesting subjects. You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese . Also, you have more to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival Mid－Autumn Festival. Some relevant activities will be during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·黄冈中学模拟)假如你是李华，你叔叔因为生意上的伙伴来中国参观，需要一个临时英语翻译，想让你帮忙。因此周四的口语课你就不能上了，只好给你的外教Mr. Smith写个便条请假，向他解释原因并请求准假。
注意：1.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear__Mr.Smith，
I’d like to know if I could ask for leave from your oral English class this Thursday morning.
You always tell us that we should seize as many chances as possible to practice our oral English. Here comes a chance for me. My uncle is doing a business with a man who comes from England. Someone who is good at English is badly needed to help him. You know，my oral English is excellent, making me the suitable person to satisfy his need. In addition, I am always longing to communicate with other native speakers in English. What’s more, my uncle phoned to ask me to do him a favor. If you can approve of my leave, I will be grateful for your kindness.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li__Hua
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