Unit 4 Helping people around the world
[学生用书P131]
单句语法填空
1．Those air conditioners are our best?selling products because they are easy to handle(handle) and work with little noise.
2．Lacking(lack) adequate sleep, he found it impossible to concentrate his mind on the teacher’s lecture.
3．Every possible means has been used(use) to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear.
4．Reminded(remind) not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.
5．After a month’s training, he became equal to the work as a tractor driver.
6．After the failure of electricity supply, the city was in chaos.
7．She broke down when she heard the news, but she quickly recovered.
8．There are some areas of poverty(poor)，but the country as a whole is fairly prosperous.
9．(2019·湘中名校联考)They know that our country is in urgent(urge) need of those who have much knowledge.
10．Starting and keeping friendship requires effort and commitment(commit)．
11．Because of the drought，thousands of people died of starvation(starve) each year in the past.
12．The scenery was so beautiful that it was almost beyond description(describe)．
13．Passengers have to pay additional(addition) charges for their extra luggage.
14．Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference(different) in whatever we hope to accomplish.
15．He has made an important contribution(contribute) to the company’s success.
单句改错
1．The secretary was afraid that I might forget the meeting，so I was reminded it once again.reminded后加of
2．Experience is equal as valuable as theory.equal→equally
3．The program can contribute to promote the local economy in my hometown.promote→promoting
4．It is worthy to spend money in educating the children.worthy→worthwhile
5．Job is not only a mean of living, but it is also a way of experiencing life.mean→means
6．The fact is that the big house is in possession of my uncle.in后加the
7．If he takes on this work，he will have no alternative but meet an even greater challenge.meet前加to
8．I failed in the exam.If only I have taken your advice.have→had
完成句子
1．(湖北卷)一些小事会产生很大的影响。我们做的一些小事能使我们成为有责任心的社会成员。
Small things make a big difference．The small things we do can make us a responsible member of the society.
2．健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise．
3．最后但同等重要的是， 我心地善良、性格随和， 因此容易相处。
Last but not least, I am warm?hearted and easy?going, as a result, I’m easy to get along with．
4．我们盼望汽车被一些不太危险的交通工具代替的那一天。
We look forward to the day when the car will be replaced by some less dangerous means of transport．
5．压在箱底的那些旧照片使我回忆起了我们一起度过的那些快乐的旧时光。
The old photos buried at the bottom of the suitcase reminded me of those happy old days we had spent together.
6．总裁在会议上讲了将近一个小时，且没有参考他的笔记。
The president spoke at the meeting for nearly an hour without referring to his notes．
7．如果你用现金买电脑，可以打5%的折扣，此外，我们可以免费送货。
If you pay for the computer in cash, you could have a 5%discount；in addition，we can deliver it to you for free．
8．他们正在组织一个活动，目的是引起人们的关注来保护野生动物。
They are organizing a program to draw people’s attention to protecting wild animals．
教材与短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
I am a nurse working for Doctors without Borders, a international organization that provide free medical services around the world.Yesterday my colleagues in the medical team and I arrive at the island only to find everything in chaos.There is mud and water everywhere, make it difficult to travel from place to place.What’s worse, the hospital is bad damaged and in a mess, that can’t be used at the moment.We are going to set off a temporary clinic there.Medical supplies are now on their way from the abroad.It is hoped the people injured in the disaster can be treated in time.
答案：
I am a nurse working for Doctors without Borders, international organization that free medical services around the world.Yesterday my colleagues the medical team and I at the island only to find everything in chaos.There is mud and water everywhere, it difficult to travel from place to place.What’s worse, the hospital is damaged and in a mess, can’t be used at the moment.We are going to set a temporary clinic there.Medical supplies are now on their way from abroad.It is hoped the people injured in the disaster can be treated in time.
教材与话题写作
用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。
1．全世界有13多亿人生活在难以描述的贫困之中。
More than 1.3 billion people around the world live in poverty beyond description．
2．他们食品不足，教育匮乏，很多人处于饥饿的状态。
They are lacking in food and education and many people are in a state of starvation.
3．另外，他们得不到足够的资金来创办自己的企业。
In addition，they can’t get enough funds to start their own businesses.
4．许多慈善组织和个人注意到了这一情况。
This situation draws the attention of many charities and individuals.
5．他们向那些需要帮助的人捐献了很多钱。
They have contributed a lot of money to those in need of help.
6．一些志愿者也为他们做了一些志愿工作。
Some volunteers also have done some voluntary work for them.
组篇公式：用形容词短语作状语改写句1和句2；将句4、5改为并列句。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
More than 1.3 billion people around the world live in poverty beyond description, lacking in food and education.Many people are in a state of starvation.In addition, they can’t get enough funds to start their own businesses.Luckily, this situation draws the attention of many charities and individuals and they have contributed a lot of money to those in need of help.Some volunteers also have done some voluntary work for them.
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(共76张PPT)
选修6
Unit 4 Helping people
XUAN XIU LIU
around the world
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
nit 4 Helping people around the world
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P323(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·石家庄模拟)Few people are aware that Waterloo Bridge, crossed by thousands of daily commuters(通勤者) and celebrated as a London landmark, was mainly built by a female workforce.
There are no written or photographic records of the women who built the bridge since the construction company that built it closed in the 1980s and with it went all the records. What’s left is anecdotal evidence, kept alive by the tourist boat captains who have called it the Ladies’ Bridge.
During the Second World War, with the majority of the active male labor force away at the front, women increasingly took on traditionally male roles. By 1944, 25，000 women were working in the construction industry, carrying out back?breaking tasks. These women were permitted to carry out this exhausting and dangerous work on the basis that it would only be temporary and that their pay would be lower than that of men. So the trend in women working in construction and engineering did not continue after the war.
September sees a series of events celebrating the unknown work of the large female workforce. Musician Claudia Molitor has created a 45?minute musical entitled “the Singing Bridge”， which runs at Somerset House from 9 to 25 September. In late September, the “Light up the Ladies’ Bridge” event sees the National Theatre’s fly tower lit up by large scale photographic projections(投影) of female construction workers working in construction during World War Ⅱ.
Let’s all celebrate the women who have helped to build the cities in which we live.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英国滑铁卢桥的历史、建造人及纪念活动等。
1．Why do few people know about the builders of Waterloo Bridge?
A．The records of their work have been lost.
B．Female workers received little attention.
C．The construction took place long ago.
D．Few people know about the bridge.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，自从20世纪80年代建造该桥的建筑公司倒闭以来，就没有妇女建造该桥的文字或照片记录了，所有的记录随着公司的倒闭都丢失了，故A项正确。
2．Why did London women do the construction work?
A．It was a tradition in London.
B．They wanted to get a steady job.
C．The company offered them better pay.
D．Most men had gone to the battlefield.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句可知，由于二战期间大部分男子都上前线参战了，而妇女便不得不充当起了男子的角色，故D项正确。
3．What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A．The influence of the bridge on art.
B．A musician’s contribution to the bridge.
C．The events in honor of the bridge builders.
D．Women’s work during the Second World War.
C 解析：段落大意题。通读第四段可知，该段第一句为该段主题句，该段主要介绍了在九月份举行的一系列纪念建桥者的活动，故C项正确。
4．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Female Workers on the Rise
B．A Hidden Treasure in London
C．A New London Landmark
D．The Story Behind the Ladies’ Bridge
D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国滑铁卢桥的历史、建造人及纪念活动等，重点介绍了该桥被称为“女士桥” 的原因和其背后的故事，故D项最适合作本文标题。
B
(2019·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)The Scottish composer Evelyn Glennie lost nearly all her hearing as a young girl，yet went on to a very successful career in music including winning Grammy awards.When somebody asks her，“How do you hear？” She responds，“How do you hear？Is it only with your ears？” For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.We need to listen to what is said and unsaid，and also how it is said.
It’s important to hear what people say accurately.As Mark Twain said，“The difference between the right word and the almost right word is the difference between lightning and the lightning bug(萤火虫)．”If you miss something or you’re not sure you’ve heard accurately，ask the speakers.At this point you’re not evaluating what they say，but just looking for accuracy and understanding.Here are some ways to get clear about what they say and don’t say.Why are they saying this now，instead of sooner or later？Why are they emphasizing these points，instead of something else?
Listen to how it is said.People send signals about what they mean with their voices and body language that sometimes differ from the words they say.While going through the next points，think about someone whose real meaning you might sometimes miss，and see if any of these signals might come up.First，voices.When others speak，notice changes in their volume，pace，and tone.Second，body language.Notice gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions.Do these sync what they are saying，or do they tell a different story？Third，emotions.What is the person’s true feeling？Now you might not know for sure，but be considerate，open to understanding，and ask thoughtful questions.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了聆听的内涵。我们要听懂说话人想要表达的言外之意，并且要注意说话方式。
5．What’s the writer’s purpose of mentioning Evelyn Glennie?
A．To give an example of wise words.
B．To introduce a world?famous musician.
C．To help explain the meaning of listening.
D．To encourage us to fight against disability.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For Glennie，and for us too，listening is not only hearing，but is understanding.”可知，对于Glennie和“我们”来说，聆听不仅是用耳朵听而且是理解，这里说明了聆听的内涵。所以选项C正确。
6．What can we learn from what Mark Twain said?
A．It is important to have a good knowledge of English words.
B．People should know words can be used in many different ways.
C．English is a very complicated language with a large vocabulary.
D．The slight difference between words may result in misunderstanding.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It’s important to hear what people say accurately.”和“At this point you’re...looking for accuracy and understanding.”可知，准确听懂说话者的意思很重要。因此，选项D “词语的细微差异可能导致误解。”与Mark Twain所说的话意思相吻合。
7．What does the underlined word “sync” probably mean?
A．Match. B．Prove.
C．Describe. D．Analyze.
A 解析：词义猜测题。画线词前的修饰词these指代前一句中的“gestures，eye contact，and facial expressions”；再根据画线词后的“what they are saying，or do they tell a different story”可推断，match与画线词意思相近。故选A。
8．Which is the best title of this passage?
A．Speak While You Listen
B．Listen Beyond Words
C．Read Between Lines
D．Think as You Talk
B 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要说明通过观察说话人的说话方式来听懂说话人想表达的言外之意。所以选B。
C
(2019·广西高三毕业班适应性测试)Although American children still spend part of their days reading, they are spending less time doing it for pleasure than years ago according to a recent report.
“It raises an alarm，” said Vicky Rideout, the lead author of the report. “We’re witnessing a really large drop in reading among teenagers and the speed of that drop is getting faster and faster.”
The report found that the percentage of nine?year?old children reading for pleasure once or more per week had dropped from 81 percent in 1984 to 76 percent in 2015, based on government studies.There were even larger reductions among older children.A large percentage rarely read for pleasure.About a third of 13?year?olds reported in one study that they read for pleasure less than twice a year.
The report also found that many young children are struggling with literacy(读写能力)．Only about one?third of fourth grade students are “proficient(熟练的)” in reading and another one?third scored below “basic” in reading skills.
Despite the large percentage of children with below?basic reading skills, reading scores among young children have improved since the 1970s, according to one test that measures reading ability.
The reading scores among 17?year?olds, however，remained relatively unchanged since the 1970s.
About 46 percent of white children are considered “proficient” in reading, compared with 18 percent of black children and 20 percent of Hispanic(西班牙的) kids. Those gaps have remained relatively unchanged over the past 20 years, according to the report. “To go 20 years with no progress in that area is shameful，” Rideout said.
The report highlights some behavior that has been tied to children being more frequent readers. The behavior includes parents setting aside time to read with their children and parents reading themselves to model good behavior.
【解题导语】 调查发现，美国孩子的阅读时间有所减少。作者建议父母应当多留出时间陪孩子阅读，以及为孩子做好榜样。
9．We can know from the report findings that ________．
A．the reading scores among older children have improved
B．the reading scores among young children haven’t changed
C．the gap between black children and white children has narrowed
D．black children have lower proficiency in reading than white children
D 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的“About 46 percent of white children are considered ‘proficient’ in reading，compared with 18 percent of black children”可知，与18%的能熟练阅读的黑人孩子相比，有46%的白人孩子能熟练阅读；据此可以判断，黑人孩子阅读的熟练程度比白人孩子低，故D项正确。
10．What’s Vicky Rideout’s attitude towards the report findings?
A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful.
C．Worried. D．Optimistic.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“It raises an alarm”和倒数第二段最后一句中的“To go 20 years with no progress in that area is shameful”可推知，Rideout对报告结果感到担心，故C项正确。
11．What should parents do to make children frequent readers?
A．Buy more books for children.
B．Write as many books as possible.
C．Set a good example to their children.
D．Spend more time playing with their children.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一句“The behavior includes parents setting aside time to read with their children and parents reading themselves to model good behavior.”可知，父母应花时间陪孩子阅读以及为孩子做好榜样。故C项正确。
D
(2019·甘肃重点中学高三联考)Mary Krupa became friends with the grey squirrels during her first week at Penn State, after spotting them running around and idly(漫不经心地) wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”．
Mary started bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation．
Growing up in a neighborhood outside of State College, Mary was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn’t interact(交流) with people very much. She was later diagnosed with Asperger’s syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I’ll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and we’ll just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them, ” she said. “I am a lot more outgoing.”
And in case you’re wondering how Mary is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop(道具), and they’ll grab it. But getting to that part took a while. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though.
This year, Mary is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Mary plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.
【解题导语】 宾夕法尼亚大学的“松鼠女孩”Mary曾经被诊断出患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向起来。在和松鼠之间建立了信任以后，Mary拍了一些戴帽子的松鼠的照片，在互联网上引起了轰动。
12．What does the underlined word “sensation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Hit. B．Challenge.
C．Attack. D．Link.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“The response was greatly positive, and before long Mary and her squirrels became an Internet sensation．”可知，Mary拍的照片得到了非常积极的回应，在互联网上引起了轰动。hit“风行一时的事物”与画线词意思相近，所以A项正确。
13．What kind of change do squirrels bring to Mary?
A．She is sicker than before.
B．She is more interested in animals.
C．She is more sociable than before.
D．She is less willing to go to college.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Mary之前不善于交际，并被诊断患有阿斯伯格综合征，但是松鼠改变了她，使她变得外向了。
14．How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?
A．By putting them in cages.
B．By playing music to them.
C．By attracting them with colorful food.
D．By building a close relationship with them.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的描述可知，想给松鼠拍照需要借助食物，但并不是只要给松鼠食物，松鼠就会让她拍出想要的照片，她必须和松鼠之间建立信任而亲密的关系。
15．Which words can best describe Mary?
A．Confident and strong.
B．Patient and caring.
C．Sociable and healthy.
D．Traditional and hard?working.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据文中Mary与松鼠的相处及第四段中的“She had the patience to earn their trust, though.”可知，Mary有耐心且有爱心。
七选五
(2019·昆明教学质检)Failing an exam can make someone feel really bad about themselves. A lot of people who fail an exam might think that failing an exam makes them a failure in life. 1.________
·Don’t make fun of them. Failing a test can be a seriously upset thing. And even if they seem okay about it, they might be hiding how they really feel. Don’t make fun of them for failing. 2.________
·Remind them that everyone fails at some point. 3.________ So tell them not everyone can succeed every time, even if they don’t talk about it. Help them deal with their feelings about the failure by reminding them that everyone fails, and this one failure doesn’t influence them.
·4.________ Right after they’ve failed an exam, it’s easy to feel like they’ll never do anything well again. If you know someone who has failed the same test or exam, but then became successful, tell them about it! It can remind them that good things will happen again, too.
·Help them figure out new ways to study. Ask how long they studied, how often they took notes in class, and if they ever felt like they weren’t doing enough. Help them look up studying methods on websites and select methods they haven’t tried before. 5.________Using a new method can lead to different results.
A．Tell them to stay the same.
B．Offer them positive examples.
C．It’s necessary for them to know that.
D．Or don’t compare their scores with yours.
E．Share some ways that you find successful.
F．It doesn’t mean that you are a failure in life.
G．But there are lots of ways you can encourage and help them.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了鼓励和帮助考试失败者的方法。
1．G 解析：本句位于段落末尾，根据第二至五段首句的祈使句可以看出该空既要对第一段内容进行概括又要引出下文，讲述鼓励和帮助考试失败者的方法。所以选G项。
2．D 解析：根据该段主题句尤其是否定词Don’t及空前一句中重复出现的Don’t可知，此段主要讲不要嘲笑失败者，D项 “Or don’t compare their scores with yours.” 与前一句内容充分连贯，符合语境。
3．C 解析：选项C中的that指代前一句中的“everyone fails at some point”，空后提出克服失败情绪的方法，C项与上下文内容连贯，所以选C项。
4．B 解析：空处位于段落主题句的位置，所以句子的形式应该类似其他自然段的段落首句，即祈使句，所以可以重点关注A、B和E三个选项。根据该段下文内容可知，选项A和E与下文不连贯，所以排除；B项能较好地概括该段主题，所以选B项。
5．E 解析：根据该段中的“ways”，“methods”及主题句可知，本段主要是讲帮助他们找到新的学习方法，E项 “分享一些你认为成功的方法” 符合语境，E项中的ways也是提示。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P326(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·合肥教学质量检测)It was late in the fall of 1976. I was a junior at Williams College and had been a member of the _ 1__ team the previous year. One morning, when I found my name wasn’t on the list, I stood frozen at the wall for a long time, _ 2__ scanning up and down, trying to hold back the tears that were making me feel _ 3__．
As players looked at the _ 4__ on the wall, my coach Curt Tong sat on the shelf along the bottom of a window across the _ 5__ floor. His office was only a few feet away, _ 6__ he sat out in the outside where anyone with a strong emotion could visit without being _ 7__ to knock at his office door. That was his _ 8__ touch and it couldn’t have been more pleasant.
I _ 9__ the gym and sat next to him. I told Coach Tong that I understood why he _ 10__ me, but in my immature youth, I was angry at him for _ 11__ my spot and my identity. Anyone who has ever been cut from a team hates the _ 12__， whether for a moment or for a lifetime.
Coach Tong_ 13__ me for my past work, telling me I was a good player, just not quite good enough. He _ 14__me there would be better days ahead. We shook hands. I walked out of the gym and then _ 15__ for a few hours.
Two weeks later, contrary to all expectations, he _ 16__ me for a vacant position, coaching a basketball team at the local high school. It was the most _ 17__ experience of my life at the time. And I got a lot out of coaching.
Coach Tong knew that would happen and the experience _ 18__ pushed me into coaching as my career. I chose journalism _ 19__ though, because...well，who knows _ 20__ we do anything at 21?
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。 “我” 在篮球队被除名，找到教练后向他表达了 “我” 的愤怒。教练安慰 “我”，后来推荐 “我” 进了一所高中当篮球教练。后来 “我” 从事新闻工作，明白了年轻人会做一些连自己都不能理解的事情。
1．A.rugby B．volleyball
C．basketball D．baseball
C 解析：根据倒数第二段第一句中的“coaching a basketball team at the local high school”可知， “我” 曾经是这个篮球队的成员。C项意为“篮球”，符合语境，故C项正确。
2．A.calmly B．delightedly
C．curiously D．repeatedly
D 解析：根据该段中的“One morning，when I found my name wasn’t on the list, I stood frozen at the wall for a long time”可知，一天早晨，“我”发现自己的名字不在名单中了，“我”待在那里很长时间，不断地(repeatedly)在名单中由上到下寻找“我”的姓名。A项意为“平静地”；B项意为“高兴地”；C项意为“好奇地”，都与语境不符。
3．A.nervous B．excited
C．tired D．ashamed
D 解析：根据该句中的“trying to hold back the tears that were making me feel ______”可知，当“我”发现自己的名字不在篮球队名单中时，“我”强忍泪水，以使自己不感到羞耻(ashamed)，故D项正确。A项意为“紧张的”；B项意为“兴奋的”；C项意为“疲劳的”，都与语境不符。
4．A.commercial B．roll
C．mirror D．score
B 解析：根据第一段中的“One morning，when I found my name wasn’t on the list, I stood frozen at the wall for a long time”可知， “我” 发现自己的名字不在名单中了；结合本句可以判断，球员们看着墙上的名单。B项意为“名单”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“商业广告”；C项意为“镜子”；D项意为“成绩”，都与语境不符。
5．A.gym B．office
C．hall D．classroom
A 解析：根据第三段第一句“I ______the gym and sat next to him.”可知， “我” 的教练坐在体育馆(gym)的架子上，故A项正确。B项意为“办公室”；C项意为“大厅”；D项意为“教室”，都与语境不符。
6．A.so B．for
C．but D．or
C 解析：根据该句中的“His office was only a few feet away, ______he sat out in the outside”可知，他的办公室离他只有几英尺远，但是他却坐在外面；空处前后为转折关系，故C项正确。
7．A.forced B．persuaded
C．invited D．allowed
A 解析：根据该句中的“he sat out in the outside where anyone with a strong emotion could visit without being ______to knock at his office door”可知，由于教练坐在门外，想和他交流的人无需被迫(forced)敲门，故A项正确。B项意为“劝说”；C项意为“邀请”；D项意为“允许”，都与语境不符。
8．A.lost B．professional
C．strict D．temporary
B 解析：上文讲述教练选择坐在办公室外而不是办公室内以便来找他的人无需被迫敲门，这是他作为教练的专业的(professional)做法，对于队员们来说，没有什么比这种做法更令他们愉快，故B项正确。A项意为“丢失的”；C项意为“严格的”；D项意为“临时的”，都与语境不符。
9．A.walked across B．passed by
C．slipped out of D．got away from
A 解析：根据该句“I ______the gym and sat next to him”可知， “我” 走过(walked across)体育馆，坐在他的旁边，故A项正确。B项意为“经过”；C项意为“从……溜走”；D项意为“摆脱”，都与语境不符。
10．A.encouraged B．ignored
C．dismissed D．supported
C 解析：根据上文可知， “我” 发现自己被除名了，据此可以判断，该句是说， “我” 理解他为什么开除(dismissed) “我”，故C项正确。A项意为“鼓励”；B项意为“忽视”；D项意为“支持”，都与语境不符。
11．A.putting away B．putting up
C．taking up D．taking away
D 解析：根据该句中的“I was angry at him”并结合上文可知，“我”对他夺走(taking away)“我”的球队队员身份而感到愤怒，故D项正确。A项意为“把……收拾起来，储蓄”；B项意为“建造，张贴”；C项意为“拿起，开始从事”，都与语境不符。
12．A.teammate B．manager
C．coach D．judge
C 解析：根据该句“Anyone who has ever been cut from a team hates the ______， whether for a moment or for a lifetime.”并结合语境可知，任何一个从队伍中被开除的人都讨厌教练。C项意为“教练”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“队友”；B项意为“经理”；D项意为“法官，裁判”，都与语境不符。
13．A.scolded B．paid
C．discouraged D．thanked
D 解析：根据该句中的“for my past work, telling me I was a good player, just not quite good enough”可知，Coach Tong感谢(thanked) “我” 过去的付出，故D项正确。A项意为“责备”；B项意为“支付”；C项意为“阻止”，都与语境不符。
14．A.warned B．promised
C．advised D．informed
B 解析：根据该句中的“there would be better days ahead”可知，他对 “我” 承诺说， “我” 会有更好的前途。B项意为“承诺”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“警告”；C项意为“建议”；D项意为“通知”，都与语境不符。
15．A.wept B．negotiated
C．celebrated D．argued
A 解析：根据语境可知， “我” 因教练开除 “我” 而感到愤怒，虽然教练安慰了 “我”，说 “我” 会有更好的前途，但是 “我” 仍然感到难过。据此可知， “我” 走出体育馆，哭泣了几个小时。A项意为“哭泣”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“协商，谈判”；C项意为“庆祝，祝贺”；D项意为“争论，讨论”，都与语境不符。
16．A.praised B．asked
C．recommended D．trained
C 解析：根据该句“Two weeks later, contrary to all expectations, he ______me for a vacant position, coaching a basketball team at the local high school.”可知，两周后，出乎所有人的意料，他推荐 “我” 去一个空缺的职位，在当地高中的一支篮球队当教练。C项意为“推荐”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“赞扬”；B项意为“询问”；D项意为“训练”，都与语境不符。
17．A.regretful B．rewarding
C．interesting D．painful
B 解析：根据后一句“And I got a lot out of coaching.”可知，在当教练的过程中 “我” 得到了许多；据此可以判断，当教练是 “我” 人生中最有意义的经历。B项意为“有意义的”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“遗憾的”；C项意为“有趣的”；D项意为“痛苦的”，都与语境不符。
18．A.nearly B．completely
C．eventually D．simply
A 解析：根据该句中的“the experience ______pushed me into coaching as my career” 并结合后一句中的“I chose journalism”可知这段经历几乎(nearly)促使 “我” 把教练作为“我” 以后的职业，但是 “我” 后来选择了新闻工作。B项意为“完全地”；C项意为“最后，终于”；D项意为“仅仅，简单地”。
19．A.again B．instead
C．too D．meanwhile
B 解析：根据该句中的“I chose journalism”可知，“我”几乎将教练作为“我”的职业，但是最终“我”选择了新闻工作。B项意为“相反”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“再次”；C项意为“也”；D项意为“同时”，都与语境不符。
20．A.when B．how
C．where D．why
D 解析：根据该句中的“who knows ______we do anything at 21” 并结合常识可知，此处表示，谁会知道我们为什么在二十一岁的时候会做那样的事情？D项意为“为什么”，符合语境，故D项正确。
语法填空
(2019·烟台高考适应性练习一)Andrew was going for a sales job interview. He knew he had the 1.____________(little) experience to get the job. In fact he wasn’t even sure how he’d got the interview. 2.____________ he did know was that he was very thankful for the opportunity given to him.
Though the interview 3.____________(go) well, it was impressed on him again that 4.____________(compare) with the other candidates he didn’t have the ability 5.____________(get) the job. As he left the building, he gave the receptionist 6.____________ envelope. Inside was a thank?you note for the man 7.____________ had just interviewed him, thanking him for his time and for the opportunity.
That evening, Andrew got a call 8.____________(tell) him that he’d got the job. His new employer knew 9.____________(clear) that it wasn’t Andrew’s qualifications that got him the job, but his thank?you note. If Andrew was able to be thankful at this stage, he would be able to build positive relationships with his 10.____________(customer), which was exactly what the company was looking for. Being grateful won Andrew the job.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Andrew在没有任何工作经验的情况下参加了面试，可是却因留下一封感谢信被雇主看中，由此而获得了工作机会。
1．least 解析：考查形容词的最高级。分析句子结构可知，空格前有冠词“the”修饰，空格处修饰名词“experience”。根据形容词最高级前加the的用法可知，空格处应填形容词的最高级形式。故填least。
2．What 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句；且在主语从句中作主语。what在名词性从句中可充当主语、宾语和表语。故填What。注意首字母大写。
3．went 解析：考查动词的时态。本文主要时态是一般过去时。“Though”引导让步状语从句，主句是一般过去时，所以从句也应用一般过去时。故填went。
4．compared 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处和句中谓语动词“didn’t have”间无连词，故需用其非谓语动词形式；且compare与其逻辑主语“he”之间构成被动关系，故空格处应用过去分词形式。故填compared。
5．to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。have the ability to do sth.为固定结构，意为“有能力做某事”。故填to get。
6．an 解析：考查冠词。give sb. sth.为固定结构，意为“给某人某物”；这里指Andrew面试完后，给接待员留下一个信封，冠词a/an表示泛指；且envelope的读音是以元音音素开头。故填an。
7．who 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代先行词“the man”，指人，且在从句中作主语。故填who。
8．telling 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为“got”，tell与“got”之间没有连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词；且tell与其逻辑主语“call”之间构成主动关系，故空格处用动词的现在分词形式。故填telling。
9．clearly 解析：考查词性转换。空格处修饰动词“knew”，故此处要用所给词的副词形式。故填clearly。
10．customers 解析：考查名词复数。句意为：他将会和顾客建立良好的关系……空格处被“his”修饰，故应填名词，且customer为可数名词；根据语境可知，此处指顾客们，故要用复数。故填customers。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P327(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·郑州一中入学测试)One night four college kids 61.____________(stay) out late，partying and having a good time.They paid no attention 62.____________the test that had been scheduled for the next day and didn’t study.In the morning，they hatched a plan to get out of 63.____________(take) their test.They covered 64.____________(they) with grease(润滑油) and dirt and went to the Dean’s office 65.____________(nervous). Once there，they said they 66.____________(be) to a wedding the previous night and on the way back they got 67.____________flat tire and had to push the car back to campus.
The Dean listened to their sad story and got lost in deep 68.____________(think)．Then he offered them a retest three days later.They thanked him and accepted his offer.
69．____________the test day arrived，they went to the Dean.The Dean put them all in separate 70.____________(room) for the test.They were fine with this since they had all studied hard.Then they saw the test.It had 2 questions.
(1)Your Name____________(1 Points)
(2)Which tire burst？____________(99 Points)
Options—(a)Front Left (b)Front Right (c)Back Left (d)Back Right
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了几个大学生考前在外贪玩，之后撒谎逃避考试，系主任巧妙应对的有趣故事。
61．stayed 解析：考查动词时态。通读文章和“One night”可知发生在过去，故填stayed。
62．to 解析：考查介词。固定搭配pay attention to sth.意为“留心，注意某事”，故用介词to。
63．taking 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词后跟名词、代词或动词?ing形式作宾语，故填taking。
64．themselves 解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，他们在自己身上抹上润滑油和泥土。该空与句子主语“They”呼应，故用themselves作宾语。
65．nervously 解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。故用副词nervously修饰动词went。
66．had been 解析：考查动词时态。参加婚礼发生在他们陈述事件之前，表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时。
67．a 解析：考查冠词。tire是可数名词的单数形式，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，又因flat的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
68．thought 解析：考查名词。deep是形容词，修饰名词，且be/get lost in thought为固定短语，意为“陷入沉思”，故用名词thought。
69．When 解析：考查连词。when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，符合语境。
70．rooms 解析：考查名词复数。根据语境可知，系主任把他们安排在不同的房间，因此此处表示复数概念，故用rooms。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·东北三省四市一模)In the village where I grew up, everyone knew an old man, that spent all his time in painting. People that lived in the village used to admiring his works and he often gave his paintings to his friends. Whether he was offered money, he would never take it. He said he painted for a pleasure. He once gave one of his paintings to my father, who actually wasn’t interesting in art. Years later I found at our old house. By that time the old man had died and people had started to recognize his paintings as great work of art, which were worth lots of money. So an art gallery make me an offer of $ 5，000 for this painting and I nearly sold it, so then I decided not to. It reminds me of my childhood and of the old man who didn’t real want to make money by painting.
答案：
In the village where I grew up, everyone knew an old man, spent all his time in painting. People that lived in the village used to his works and he often gave his paintings to his friends. he was offered money, he would never take it. He said he painted for pleasure. He once gave one of his paintings to my father, who actually wasn’t in art. Years later I found at our old house. By that time the old man had died and people had started to recognize his paintings as great of art, which were worth lots of money. So an art gallery me an offer of $ 5，000 for this painting and I nearly sold it, then I decided not to. It reminds me of my childhood and of the old man who didn’t want to make money by painting.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019· 新疆维吾尔自治区适应性检测)假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校近日将举行中国传统文化节系列活动。请你给外教Mr. Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加。邮件的内容包括：
1．活动目的、时间、地点以及参与人员；
2．活动内容(如中国传统书画展、古诗词诵读、京剧表演等)。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：书法calligraphy 京剧Peking Opera
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Mr. Smith，
It is my honor to represent our school to invite you to participate in the Chinese Traditional Culture Festival to be held by our school at the auditorium of our teaching building next Saturday afternoon, from 2 p．m. to 5 p．m.
To help people learn more about Chinese traditional culture, our school is intended to hold a series of activities, such as exhibitions of Chinese calligraphy works and paintings, an ancient poetry reciting competition and a Peking Opera show. All the school staff, the students and even their parents as well as anyone who are interested in it are welcome.
We believe that the visitors will not only understand Chinese traditional culture much better but feel the unique beauty of it. We sincerely hope you can come and enjoy it. If you have any questions about it, you can contact me.
Yours，
Li Hua
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