Unit 4 Public transport
[学生用书P153]
单句语法填空
1．When I undertook to repair (repair) the machine, I didn’t reckon for so much trouble.
2．Don’t put off what should be done today to tomorrow.
3．The Internet is widely used, which speeds up the development of English.
4．I met some old school friends on the anniversary of our graduation.
5．Since your English is poor, why not consider (consider) joining an English club to improve it?
6．Misunderstandings arising(arise) from lack of social communication, unless handled properly，may lead to serious problems.
7．A small boat loaded (load) with fish slowly drew near, and stopped beside the bridge.
8．Tom’s voice choked (choke)，and the tears ran down his cheeks.
9．They tried all means, which possibly are helpful，but unfortunately (fortunate) not a means has worked so far.
10．Different teachers make different contributions to a student’s growth (grow)．
11．(2019·泰州一中质检)The drunk (drink) driver is responsible for the accident that happened on a foggy morning.
12．The hotel receptionist (reception) wants to know when we will check out tomorrow morning.
13．She was very busy right up to the moment of her departure (depart)．
14．Though animals don’t have languages as human beings，they have their own special ways to convey(convey) their feelings to each other.
15．If I hadn’t made a call，I wouldn’t have crashed (crash) into a street light and hurt my knee.
单句改错
1．With time goes by, smartphones are becoming more and more common.With→As或goes→going
2．It is up to the youth decide the future of a country.在decide前加上to
3．People in the past took horse?drawing carts from one place to another.horse?drawing→horse?drawn
4．Enough sunshine and water are beneficial to the grow of plants.grow→growth
5．Having been lived in the city for years, he knows the city well.去掉been
6．We should bear that in mind that knowledge is power.第一个that→it
7．Seated at the back of the classroom was our master and teachers.was→were
8．Not received his letter for long, she felt a little worried.在Not后加having
完成句子
1．为什么不再给他一次机会呢？毕竟，他那么爱你。
Why not give him another chance？After all，he loves you so much.
2．歧视那些得艾滋病的人是不对的。
It is not right to look down upon those who have AIDS.
3．进来一个小姑娘，穿着白色的裙子。
In came a girl，wearing a white skirt.
4．我们大家都有责任解决我们街区的问题。
It’s up to all of us to solve the problems in our neighbourhood.
5．在农场工作了10个小时，玛丽筋疲力尽，浑身酸痛。
Having worked for 10 hours on the farm, Mary was tired out and her body hurt.
教材与短文改错
根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
The number of road accidents and the deaths arisen from those accidents has been increased greatly over the past year.This notice is aimed at increasing people knowledge of the problem.
We must all be aware the potential causes of traffic accidents and act to preventing them.This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.We all had a responsibility to prevent accidents.Drivers should pay attention to surrounding traffic, but get ready when another driver does something wrongly.Never speak on the phone while driving on the road.Beside, don’t drive after drinking and don’t allow anyone drunk to drive.Last but not least, drivers should be careful near schools because there are like to be many children.
答案：
The number of road accidents and the deaths from those accidents has increased greatly over the past year.This notice is aimed at increasing knowledge of the problem.
We must all be aware the potential causes of traffic accidents and act to them.This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.We all a responsibility to prevent accidents.Drivers should pay attention to surrounding traffic, get ready when another driver does something .Never speak on the phone while driving on the road.， don’t drive after drinking and don’t allow anyone drunk to drive.Last but not least, drivers should be careful near schools because there are to be many children.
教材与话题写作
用本单元所学知识完成下列句子，并按照逻辑连成短文。
1．大中城市的交通阻塞问题因为越来越多的车辆而产生了。
Traffic jams in metropolitan and medium?sized cities have arisen from the increasing number of cars．
2．公共交通工具像公共汽车、电车、出租车等都不能自由地运送客人。
The public traffic vehicles such as bus，tram，cab and so on can’t convey passengers freely．
3．权威部门决定修地下隧道来解决交通问题。
The authority decided on digging underground tunnel to solve the traffic problems.
4．地铁的出现使得大量的乘客上下车成为可能。
The underground’s turning up makes it possible to pick up and drop off passengers in large numbers.
5．地铁把城市的不同部分连接起来，承载乘客，加快了乘客的运送速度，承担了很重的运输任务。
The underground links up different parts of the cities, loads passengers, speeds up conveying passengers and undertakes heavy transporting tasks．
组篇公式：用现在分词作状语改写句5。
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One possible version：
Traffic jams in metropolitan and medium?sized cities have arisen from the increasing number of cars.The public traffic vehicles such as bus，tram，cab and so on can’t convey passengers freely.As a result，the authority decided on digging underground tunnel to solve the traffic problems.So the underground’s turning up makes it possible to pick up and drop off passengers in large numbers.Linking up different parts of the cities，the underground loads passengers，speeds up conveying passengers and undertakes heavy transporting tasks.
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(共59张PPT)
选修7
XUAN XIU QI
nit 4 Public transport
》基础盘点自测自评
教材回顾·自主检测◆
考点串讲,重难突破
讲练结合·要点落实◆
Unit 4 Public transport
课时练1 阅读理解提速练
[学生用书P343(单独成册)]
阅读理解
A
(2019·呼和浩特调研)Psychology tells us that many people hate to take risks. But it is good for us to take risks, especially when the risk is to achieve a desired result. In that way, we become stronger and braver.
Our human nature should be to take risks, but some people just sit and wish they didn’t have the fear to move on. This is because they have failed a few times in their lives. Please step out and don’t let the past hold you back from living life to the fullest. Move forward and move on! In studying the psychology of taking risks, we find that human nature provides us with the desire to experiment and take chances.
Risk?taking is a great advantage that allowed our ancestors to become stronger and stronger day by day. By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new territories. This attitude has become a part of our modern culture. Riding a roller coaster is a common risk?taking activity. Even each person seems to enjoy the risk although they have the understanding that it is dangerous. This psychological and biological connection creates an interesting connection between what is unsafe and what humans enjoy.
Getting in a car each day is a risk. Getting out of bed is a risk, too. We need to take risks so that we can complete many things. Astronauts take risks when they get inside a spacecraft; however, the things they achieve are great. Businessmen take risks when they buy parts of a company; however, without doing that, they could not make more money.
We need to take risks so that we can gain something. It is impossible to move forward in life, earn money, enjoy a relationship, play a sport, or do anything else without taking risks. It is all part of the game. It’s one of the most important parts of life.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文，通过介绍生活中充满冒险，告诉人们：没有冒险就没有收获。
1．Some people don’t want to take risks, mainly because ________．
A．they are too lazy to move on
B．they feel pleased with the present life
C．they have failed several times before
D．they show little interest in the strange world outside
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“This is because they have failed a few times in their lives.”可知，一些人不想去冒险主要是因为他们曾经失败过几次。
2．What does the underlined part “This attitude” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Taking risks.
B．Fighting off enemies.
C．Discovering new territories.
D．Becoming stronger and stronger.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Risk?taking is a great advantage that allowed our ancestors to become stronger and stronger day by day. By taking risks they fought off enemies and discovered new territories.”可知，冒险使得我们的祖先变得越来越强壮，使得他们能够击退敌人，发现新领地。画线部分所在句意为“这种态度已经成为我们现代文化的一部分”，由此可知，画线部分指的是冒险。
3．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Daily life is full of risks.
B．The safest place has the greatest risk.
C．People should take risks when they are young.
D．We can always achieve our goals by taking risks.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，生活中充满了冒险。
4．What would be the title for the passage?
A．Taking Risks Is Easier Said than Done
B．Risks Taken by Ancestors
C．Live Our Life to the Fullest
D．No Risk, No Gain
D 解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段提到当我们想要达到某个目标时，冒险对我们是有利的；又根据最后一段第一句“We need to take risks so that we can gain something.”可知，本文的主旨是“没有冒险就没有收获”。
B
(2019·吉林长春普通高中高三质量监测)One of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly low marriage rates among young people and the low birth rates, which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩) population. Most young Japanese women simply don’t seem interested in having many children.
Now what began in Japan is happening globally. As David Brooks wrote, birth rates are becoming lower in much of the world, from Iran—1.7 births per woman—to Russian, where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already shrinking. And this includes the US, which has long had higher birth rates than most developed nations. Aging countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.
It’s true that global aging is going to present some major challenges. Who will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt? It’s all true. Sometimes I worry about a coming generational war over resources, just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age, just as I worry about who might take care of me.
But here’s the thing: an older world may have less pressure on the environment. As we all know, the environment is the real victim of overpopulation.
So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment, and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use, along with our birth rates, reaches a sustainable(可持续的) level. After all, we’re supposed to get smarter as we get older. Hopefully that holds true for the planet as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球老龄化带来的挑战，也指出了老龄化社会有利的方面。
5．The population issue in Japan is mentioned to ________．
A．show young people’s preference for marriage
B．introduce the topic of global birth rates’ becoming lower
C．indicate the deeper cause of Japan’s depression
D．emphasize the revolution of Japanese women
B 解析：细节理解题。文章开头提及日本人口出生率低是为了引出全球人口出生率低、老龄化问题。第二段的第一句“Now what began in Japan is happening globally.”也是提示。故选B。
6．Which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?
A．Aging society.
B．Environmental problems.
C．High death rates.
D．Low employment rates.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One of the biggest social issues in Japan is...and the low birth rates, which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩) population.”可知，人口出生率低会导致老龄化社会。故选A。
7．What’s the author’s attitude to the worldwide birth rates’ becoming lower?
A．Anxious. B．Disappointed.
C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.
C 解析：观点态度题。根据文章的最后两段可知，老龄化社会也有有利的方面，如减少环境压力、保障能源供应等。故选C。
8．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to David Brooks?
A．The birth rates all over the world are becoming lower.
B．The most developed countries have higher death rates.
C．America is the only developed country with higher birth rates.
D．Birth rates’ becoming lower means a great risk to aging countries.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据前三段可知，低出生率会导致社会老龄化，而老龄化国家会面临许多老人需要被照顾、年轻劳动力缺乏的巨大挑战。故选D。
C
(2019·石家庄教学质量检测二)No spacecraft will ever land on the sun. The sun is a flaming ball of gas that reaches thousands of degrees Fahrenheit. But this year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any man?made craft has flown before. The mission(任务) is a big development for scientists and, maybe, for everyone else.
In the summer of 2018, NASA plans to launch the Parker Solar Probe. After a journey of nearly 90 million miles, it will fly within 3.85 million miles of the sun. Within two months of launching, the probe is expected to reach the sun’s corona(日冕). That’s the sun’s outer atmosphere of gas.
Getting there won’t be easy. Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the sun’s heat has proved difficult. But that hasn’t stopped engineers from trying. Temperatures in the corona can reach millions of degrees. The probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2，500. That’s still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. But a 4.5?inch?thick heat shield(护罩) will protect the probe’s camera and scientific instruments.
NASA says the data the probe collects could provide knowledge into the physics of stars. Our sun is special to us. But as a star, it’s rather common. So the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars of mass and colors.
Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms. During solar storms, charged particles stream through the solar system. They can disable communications satellites and shut down power systems. One study has found that a very intense solar storm could cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the U．S. alone. It could also black out the East Coast for a year.
Understanding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves. That could make even a mission with a billion?plus price tag one of NASA’s great bargains.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。2018年夏天，美国航空航天局计划发射Parker Solar Probe(帕克太阳探测器)，该探测器收集到的数据有利于研究太阳及太空中的其他恒星，更重要的是，这还会让我们了解有很大的破坏作用的太阳风暴，从而预测它们，保护我们自己。
9．What can we learn about the probe?
A．It’ll fly closer to the sun than the previous ones.
B．It’s the first man?made instrument to fly to the sun.
C．It’ll get to the core of the sun in nearly two months.
D．It’ll fly about 3.85 million miles to reach the corona.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But this year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any man?made craft has flown before.”可知，今年要发射的宇宙飞船比以往的任何人造飞行器都更加靠近它(太阳)，故答案是A。
10．What is the challenge for the engineers?
A．Directing the probe to collect data.
B．Reducing the temperature of the probe.
C．Building a shield against the heat.
D．Limiting the probe to proper regions.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“challenge”和“engineers”定位到文章的第三段。根据第三段中的“Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the sun’s heat has proved difficult. But that hasn’t stopped engineers from trying.”和“But a．..instruments.”可知，对工程师来说，设计出能够到达太阳日冕的宇宙飞船的挑战在于研发能够抵挡太阳的“高温”(heat)的护罩，故答案是C。
11．What might be the best title?
A．Exploring the Stars
B．Getting Close to the Sun
C．Designing a Spaceship
D．Protecting Earth
B 解析：标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了美国航空航天局打算2018年夏天发射宇宙飞船到达太阳日冕的事情，这次飞船将比以往任何人造飞行器更加靠近太阳。题目要体现出文章的核心词 “太阳”，故答案是B。
12．Where does the value of the mission lie?
A．Monitoring satellites.
B．Exploring solar energy.
C．Developing scientific instruments.
D．Forecasting solar storms.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“value of the mission”定位到文章的第五、第六段。根据第五段第一句“Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms.”和第六段第一句“Understanding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves.”可知，帕克太阳探测器所收集到的数据能让我们更多地了解太阳风暴，从而预测它们，保护我们自己。故答案是D。
D
Kung Hei Fat Choy means Happy New Year! Welcome to our Chinese New Year/Lunar New Year pages! We’ve got a huge collection of fun activities for you to explore and enjoy with your kids, both at home or in the classroom. You can learn about the current year—Year of the Rooster—or just enjoy our general Chinese New Year content (including original colouring pages, crafts, puzzles, worksheets, printables of all sorts)．..but be warned, there’s probably enough here to last you until next Chinese New Year!
Nine Asian countries celebrate the Lunar New Year with public holidays and variations on the activities you will find described below. About 1/5 of the world’s population will be enjoying the festival, and New Year’s Eve is the world’s biggest annual migration, with over 200 million people making every effort to get home for a big celebratory dinner with their extended families.
On 16th February 2018 we welcome in a new Chinese New Year, the Year of the Dog！For lots of new colouring pages, puzzles, worksheets and other printables, click here: Year of the Dog. Lots NEW!
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个网页上关于中国新年的内容。
13．Where will this writing be found?
A．On TV. B．In a newspaper.
C．In a booklet. D．On the Internet.
D 解析：文章出处题。根据文章第一段第二句和文章最后一句可推知，文章应该是出自网站上的一个网页。故选D。
14．Who is the writing intended for?
A．Web page designers.
B．School teachers.
C．Folk?custom researchers.
D．Students in the first grade.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第三句可推知，这篇文章应是写给学校老师或学生父母的。故选B。
15．Which of the following causes the world’s biggest annual migration?
A．Nine Asian countries celebrate the Lunar New Year.
B．People celebrate Chinese Lunar New Year with public holidays.
C．Over 200 million people try hard to get home for a feast with their extended families.
D．Twenty percent of the world’s population will he enjoying the festival.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，造成每年最大迁移的原因是有超过两亿的人尽一切努力赶回家参加他们大家庭的盛大晚宴。故选C。
七选五
(2019·江西重点中学联考)A good laugh is like a mild workout.It exercises the muscles, gets the blood flowing, decreases blood pressure and improves sleep patterns and the immune system.1.________
?Don’t take life too seriously.We all have obstacles in life and we all make mistakes.2.________ In fact, if you can laugh light?heartedly at your own fault, you’ll find that you give yourself that extra happiness and confidence increase that can get you over any obstacle.
?Find the humor in a bad situation.Sure, there are some situations where you are really sad.3.________ The next time you feel the stress levels rising, take a minute to think about the funny side of the situation and laugh over the things you cannot control.This will lower your blood pressure, blood sugar levels and heart rate.
?Remind yourself of funny moments from the past.Perhaps a friend told you a great joke the other day or your children or pets did something amusing.4.________ Sometimes just reliving a funny moment can cause the endorphins (内啡肽), natural painkillers, to kick in.
?5.________ As the saying goes, laughter is contagious(会传染的)．So make a point of seeking out positive people who aren’t afraid to laugh at themselves and are good at finding humor in life’s situations.Young children are especially skilled at finding laughter and joy in everyday moments.
A．Take control over your emotions.
B．There is no reason to blame yourself for it.
C．However, most situations in life have funny sides.
D．Surround yourself with fun people who like to laugh a lot.
E．The following are some ways to enjoy more laughter and joy in your life.
F．Studies show that people with pets have lower levels of depression and stress.
G．Call on these memories frequently, especially when feeling sad, angry or stressed.
【解题导语】 面带微笑吧！笑能锻炼肌肉、加速血液流动、降低血压、改善睡眠模式和免疫系统。
1.E 解析：下文列举了在生活中享受快乐和笑的方法， 故E项符合语境。
2．B 解析：由第二段主题句以及空格前的“We all have obstacles in life and we all make mistakes.” 可知B项“没有理由为此责备你自己”符合语境。
3．C 解析：由第三段主题句以及空格前的 “Sure，there are some situations where you are really sad.”可知，C项能与上一句构成转折关系。下文的“the funny side”也是提示。
4．G 解析：由第四段主题句以及空格前的“Perhaps a friend told you a great joke the other day or your children or pets did something amusing.”可知答案。
5．D 解析：由第五段中的 “seeking out positive people who aren’t afraid to laugh at themselves and are good at finding humor in life’s situations”可知答案。
课时练2 知识运用板块练
[学生用书P346(单独成册)]
完形填空
(2019·南昌模拟)I lived in Dallas, Texas nearly all my life with my dad, mom and younger brother. We were raised to _ 1__others, value education, and get all that we could out of life. My parents always say, “Work _ 2__ and the world is yours.” They are _ 3__ without a helpful word of _ 4__ or a bit of encouragement when life gets _ 5__．
My parents always _ 6__ me to go to college. However, when I _ 7__ at 16 years old that I’d rather get married to a man _ 8__ go to college, they never stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to do. Thankfully, they persuaded me. I graduated from high school and currently _ 9__ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine. I want to make the world a _ 10__ place to live in.
Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or _ 11__ class it is that I’m working hardest on for the moment, they tell me how _ 12__ of me they are. I know there are college kids out there that have no one to _ 13__ home to when they get an “A” on a project and I feel incredibly _ 14__ to have my parents. They never _ 15__ loving me or believing in me.
Parents are the best gift that God gives me._ 16__ their constant love and encouragement, I wouldn’t believe I can _ 17__ the world. My parents_ 18__ me to always fight for what I _ 19__ in. So I’m working toward something really great and can only hope I _ 20__ to make them proud.
【解题导语】 爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和“我” 住在达拉斯，父母教育“我们”要尊重别人，重视教育，他们的爱和鼓励对 “我” 意义重大。
1．A.inspire B．respect
C．guide D．follow
B 解析：根据全文内容可知，父母教育“我们”要尊重别人，重视教育。respect意为“尊敬，尊重”，符合语境。
2．A.hard B．solidly
C．attentively D．intelligently
A 解析：父母总是教育“我们”：“努力工作，世界就是你们的。” 故选A。
3．A.sometimes B．anytime
C．ever D．never
D 解析：当生活变得艰难时，父母总会给“我们”一些有益的建议或鼓励。never without为双重否定，表示肯定的意思。
4．A.method B．advice
C．education D．introduction
B 解析：参见上题解析。a helpful word of advice表示 “有用的建议”。
5．A.tough B．smooth
C．bright D．happy
A 解析：参见第3题解析。tough “艰难的，艰苦的”。
6．A.reminded B．supposed
C．designed D．expected
D 解析：根据该段中的“Thankfully, they persuaded me.”可知，父母一直期望 “我” 上大学并最终说服了 “我”。expect “期望，期待”。
7．A.decided B．hesitated
C．judged D．remembered
A 解析：根据下文父母对 “我” 的劝说可知，16岁时 “我” 决定(decided)宁愿结婚也不上大学。
8．A.but B．and
C．than D．while
C 解析：16岁时 “我” 决定宁愿结婚也不上大学。would rather...than...为固定用法，表示 “宁愿……而不愿”。
9．A.joined B．attended
C．served D．admitted
B 解析：根据文中的“...they persuaded me. I graduated from high school and...medicine.”可知，“我”高中毕业后上了一所大学。attend意为“经常去，定期去(学校、教堂等)”。
10．A.comfortable B．suitable
C．peaceful D．better
D 解析：根据文中的“the University of Oklahoma studying medicine”可知， “我” 主修医学，想让这个世界成为更好的(better)可供人们生活的地方。
11．A.whenever B．whichever
C．wherever D．however
B 解析：每次当“我”打电话告诉他们“我”在实验室里的成绩或“我”当时正努力学习的任何一门课程时，他们会告诉“我”他们以“我”为荣。whichever class意为“无论哪一门课”。
12．A.ashamed B．nervous
C．proud D．modest
C 解析：父母为“我”所取得的成绩而自豪。be proud of为固定用法，意为“以……而自豪”。
13．A.go B．run
C．return D．call
D 解析：“我”知道有的大学生在得到一个“A”时没有家人可以打电话倾诉。故选D。
14．A.blessed B．annoyed
C．praised D．relaxed
A 解析：和那些得了“A”却没有家人可以倾诉的同学相比，“我”有这样的父母是非常幸福的。blessed意为“幸福的”。
15．A.stopped B．helped
C．blamed D．prevented
A 解析：父母从不停止对“我”的爱，从不停止对“我”的信赖。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。
16．A.With B．Without
C．Under D．Beneath
B 解析：没有(Without)父母持续不断的爱和鼓励，“我”不可能相信“我”能改变(change)世界。
17．A.change B．destroy
C．conquer D．challenge
A 解析：参见上题解析。
18．A.forced B．ordered
C．allowed D．taught
D 解析：父母一直教育(taught)“我”去为“我”认为对的事而奋斗。
19．A.enjoy B．work
C．believe D．live
C 解析：参见上题解析。believe in sth.“认为某事好(对、可接受)”，符合语境。
20．A.want B．wish
C．have D．continue
D 解析：“我”会继续努力，希望父母继续为“我”感到自豪。continue to do sth.表示“继续做某事”，为固定用法。
语法填空
(2019·广州检测)In the West we are familiar with ballets like Swan Lake.But there’s another classical dance form with a long history 1.____________has only recently burst onto the world scene. It is called classical Chinese dance.
Classical Chinese dance is 2.____________incredibly demanding, refined, and expressive dance form. Alongside ballet, it is also one of the most comprehensive dance systems 3.____________(know) to humankind.
4．____________recently, few people outside China had ever heard of classical Chinese dance. One major reason was that when Chinese companies performed abroad, they often mixed Chinese dance with western dance styles. And so the audience left the theater not sure exactly 5.____________they had just seen.
In 2006, however, the Shen Yun Performing Arts Company 6.____________ (establish) in New York. Its mission was to promote 7.____________(tradition) culture, and this included 8.____________(present) classical Chinese dance in its purest form. Not quite a decade later, classical Chinese dance has become much 9.____________(well) recognised and is starting to influence western ballet.
Although they have significant differences, both ballet and classical Chinese dance have the ability to vividly tell 10.____________(story) and move us through beautiful art.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国古典舞在西方国家的发展历程。
1．which/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，补充完整是：classical dance form has only recently burst onto the world scene, 所以该定语从句的先行词是“classical dance form”，指物，且从句中缺主语。故用 which/that。
2．an 解析：考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处指中国古典舞是一种要求极高、精致且传神的舞种。空格处表示“一种”，是泛指，且空格后的“incredibly”的读音以元音音素开头。故用 an。
3．known 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句有谓语动词“is”，所以此处应用非谓语动词；因为动词know与它修饰的名词“systems”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故用known。
4．Until 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处指直到最近，很少有外国人听说过中国的古典舞。until意为“到……为止”，通常与完成时态搭配，until recently 意为“直到最近”，符合语境。故用Until。注意首字母大写。
5．what 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，“they had just seen”是“sure”之后的宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语。故用what。
6．was established 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。动词establish与“the Shen Yun Performing Arts Company”之间是被动关系；又因为本文都使用了一般过去时，因此空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故用was established。
7．traditional 解析：考查词性转换。结合句意可知，此处指它的宗旨是推广传统文化。此处应用形容词来修饰名词“culture”。故用traditional。
8．presenting 解析：考查非谓语动词。include后要接动名词作宾语。故用presenting。
9．better 解析：考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，不到十年的时间，中国的古典舞已经被人们更好地认可并且影响到西方的芭蕾舞了。此处much修饰副词well的比较级。故用better。
10．stories 解析：考查名词复数。story是可数名词，其前没有冠词修饰，故应用其复数形式。故用stories。
课时练3 语法写作增分练
[学生用书P347(单独成册)]
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·福建泉州检测)Beijing Opera roles require performers to paint 61.____________(they) faces in patterns and colors to represent different character types and 62.____________(quality)．
In Beijing Opera, facial painting can be quite complex. However, in the 63.____________(begin)，only three colors were used—red, white, and black. Now, many other colors, such 64.____________ yellow, purple, blue and green, are used for facial painting.
Red is a color for brave and loyal characters. Guan Yu, a general from the Three Kingdoms Period (A.D.220－280), is a good example of this kind of character. He is famous 65.____________ being very loyal to his emperor, Liu Bei.
White highlights all 66.____________ is bad in human nature. It 67.____________(suggest) dishonesty and betrayal(背叛). One of the typical white?faced characters is Cao Cao, a 68.____________(power) and cruel prime minister from the Three Kingdoms Period.
Black face paint is 69.____________(usual) used for someone who is fierce and violent. One typical example is General Zhang Fei from the classic novel, Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
All these different colors are used in Beijing Opera facial painting 70.____________(provide) a clear picture of each character.
【解题导语】 京剧的角色需要表演者画脸，而脸谱的颜色以红色、白色和黑色为主。本文介绍了京剧脸谱的主要颜色所代表的意义。
61．their 解析：考查代词。句意：京剧的角色要求表演者用不同图案和颜色涂抹他们的脸，以此来表现不同的人物类型和品质。空后的faces为名词，其前应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。
62．qualities 解析：考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。quality指人的品质、性格时，为可数名词，根据and连接的并列成分types可知，此处应用复数形式。故填qualities。
63．beginning 解析：考查词性转换。句意：然而，在最初的时候，只使用三种颜色——红色、白色和黑色。in the beginning为固定短语，意为“开始；起初”。
64．as 解析：考查固定搭配。句意：现在，很多其他的颜色，如黄色、紫色、蓝色和绿色也被用于脸谱绘画。such as为固定短语，用于表示列举例子，意为“例如”。
65．for 解析：考查固定搭配。句意：他因为非常忠于他的皇帝——刘备而出名。be famous for...意为“因为……出名”， 为固定搭配。故填for。
66．that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：白色强调人性中坏的一面。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为all，关系词只能用that。
67．suggests 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：白色表示不忠和背叛。整篇文章的时态为一般现在时，故此处也应用一般现在时。故填suggests。
68．powerful 解析：考查词性转换。句意：其中一个典型的白脸人物是曹操，他是三国时期一个权力强大、残暴的丞相。and连接两个并列的形容词，修饰名词prime minister。因此，此处应用形容词。故填powerful。
69．usually 解析：考查词性转换。句意：黑色脸谱通常用于勇猛暴躁的人。本句中used为动词，所以用副词修饰。故填usually。
70．to provide 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：所有这些不同的颜色被用在京剧脸谱绘画中是为了给每个人物勾勒出鲜明的形象。根据句意可知，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to provide。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(2019·广州综合检测)The old saying “The early bird catches the worm” show us the importance of planning, working hard and trying constant. To achieve outstanding results, the most people must plan ahead and work diligently to overcome all kind of difficulties.
That has been my own experience, either. When I first started at high school, I seldom passed my exams, so I never prepared well. Later, my teacher, Mr. Black, advised me plan everything in advance. She asked me to study hard as well. After a year of putting his advice onto practice, I can now easily pass all my exams.
There are no shortcuts to succeed.
答案：
The old saying “The early bird catches the worm” us the importance of planning, working hard and trying . To achieve outstanding results, most people must plan ahead and work diligently to overcome all of difficulties.
That has been my own experience, . When I first started at high school, I seldom passed my exams, I never prepared well. Later, my teacher, Mr. Black, advised me plan everything in advance. asked me to study hard as well. After a year of putting his advice practice, I can now easily pass all my exams.
There are no shortcuts to .
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
(2019·赣州十四县/市联考)假定你是李华，是学校英语俱乐部的负责人，请你根据下列要点给学校的外教Steve写一封信。
1．邀请Steve参加于周一晚上7点钟在学校礼堂举行的英语角活动；
2．请Steve介绍“美国梦(American Dream)”；
3．请Steve根据自己学汉语的经验谈谈如何提高英语口语。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Steve，
On behalf of the English Club, I am writing to invite you to join our English Corner next Monday. It will begin at seven o’clock in the evening at the school hall.
In many films “American Dream” is mentioned, but we still don’t have any knowledge about it. So would you please give us a lecture on American Dream? By the way, you have made great progress in your Chinese. Could you share with us some experience on how to improve our oral English?
We are all looking forward to seeing you then. Please inform us in advance if you cannot come.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
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