(共70张PPT)
专利证书；专利权
院子；庭院；天井
粉末；火药
香水；香味
版本；译本
充满活力的；精力充沛的；
动态的；发展变化的
(评判的)标准；尺度
胶；胶水
粘贴；粘合
冰箱
堵塞；阻塞；果酱
(水或气)流；电流
现在的；当前的
三角形；三角形物体
人事部；全体人员
宽大的；仁慈的
被动的；消极的
要求；声称；主张
文件；档案；文件夹
提交；将……归档
鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明
distinguish
product
seize
dial
rainfall
innocent
bear
tap
stable
practical
bear
stable
dialed
practical
to distinguish
seized
convenient
convenience
conveniently
caution
cautious
cautiously
abrupt
abruptly
expectation
expect
recognition
recognize
freezing
freeze
frozen
occasionally
occasional
occasion
merry
merrily
associate
association
cautious
caution
cautiously
convenient
convenience
conveniently
associated
association
expectation
expected
freezing
frozen
occasional
occasionally
call up
now and then
set about
dive into
set out (to do)
hang on
out of order
get through
ring back
ring off
dived into
get through
set about
out of order
now and then
called up
Once exposed to light
and you will really
know
so important that
between
as
distinguished
Distinguished for its attractive scenery
be famous for
be well?known for
convenient
convenience
at your convenience
负担；承担
忍受
生育
结果实
casting
Bearing
bear in mind
association
to be associated
which are associated
associated with
smoking
with smoking
calls on/upon
call for
called off
thing that I went through last year
calls up one unforgettable
up
back
off
ring/call
on
设法做完
打通电话
通过
用光
get over
get away from
giving a hand to
get through
will let
Follow
or/otherwise
and
Make the most of all kinds of conditions
If you make the most of all kinds of conditions
Making the most of all kinds of conditions
distinguishing
expectation
convenient
practical
frozen
recognition
with
ripen
occasionally
and
Distinguishing→Distinguished
去掉with
associate→associating
merry→merrily
what→that
caution→cautious
rang
hung
bore
froze
Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or
so many Chinese soldiers that
Unless changed
will we be able
to solve/can we solve
a cautious American greengrocer
called up
to apply for a patent
got the patent
his new product didn’t live up to the criteria
seize the chance to improve
bore others’ blame
expectation
bear the test
had a stable increase
set about seizing
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
(建议用时：30分钟)
阅读理解
A
(2019·辽宁五校协作体联考)In the dead of winter，we don’t typically think about spending time outdoors，but according to many physicians we should．The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health—Vitamin D.
This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease，cancer and many other life?threatening diseases．The recommended daily requirement is 400－600 International Units (IU). In summer, people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D.
Even during winter, just a 10?minute walk at midday can keep the body’s Vitamin D at healthy levels．During brief winter walks，we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible.
Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods．Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin. Egg yolks(蛋黄)，cheese，mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it.
To attract consumers，food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products．The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s．At that time，many children were suffering from rickets，an illness that is caused by a deficiency(缺乏)of Vitamin D．It made the children’s bones soft and weak．Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem, and it has been available ever since.
For people who still need more Vitamin D, there is another option. Take Vitamin D supplements(补充物)．These products are widely sold in stores．However，anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇科普文。文章主要介绍了维生素D的一些情况。
1．During the winter months，people________.
A．aren’t able to meet their deadlines
B．often don’t dress warmly enough
C．generally like to remain indoors
D．leave lots of work for others to do
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的第一句可知，在冬天人们愿意待在室内。
2．According to the text，Vitamin D________.
A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun
B．can be used to cure life?threatening diseases
C．can be mainly found in some milk products
D．can make the children’s bones soft and weak
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，维生素D可以通过晒太阳获得，故选A。
3．Why is salmon mentioned in this article?
A．It’s seldom prepared in the correct way.
B．It’s a useful addition to a person’s diet.
C．It has a huge impact on the environment.
D．Its advantages have been exaggerated.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，三文鱼是补充维生素D的食物，因此对我们的饮食是有用的补充物，故选B。
4．The main purpose of this article is ________.
A．to introduce a valuable nutrient
B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements
C．to note risks associated with a nutrient
D．to explain how a nutrient was discovered
A 解析：写作意图题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍一种营养成分——维生素D。
B
(2019·成都重点中学高三段考)Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparations are made for the world’s first freeform 3D?printed property(房产).
Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D?printed off?site before being put together on?site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part．These four main sections will then be joined together.
Although 3D?printed buildings have been made before, this home—to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year—will be the first of its kind, as it will contain no regular shapes or angles．The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London and California．The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program.
The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the limits in terms of minimalist(极简抽象派的) materials, and trying to create open?plan spaces that focused on enhancing natural light．In a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employing many of the same modern design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step．It’s important that the architecture and the environment work together harmoniously．The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area．”
WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $8, 000 to make its plans a reality．The competition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists．Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800?sq ft single?family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics(美学), ergonomics, construction, building systems and structure.
Over the last year, WATG’s Chicago office has been developing their design with Branch Technology．This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year．Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light?filled inside living spaces.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了3D打印的名为Curve Appeal的极简抽象派房屋的相关情况。
5．What can we know about Curve Appeal from the passage?
A．It will be different from an ordinary house.
B．It is the first 3D?printed building.
C．It has visible walls and a roof.
D．It was ever built in the world.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段第一句“Although 3D?printed buildings have been made before，this home—to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee，later this year—will be the first of its kind，as it will contain no regular shapes or angles．”可知，这一房屋将在工地外用3D打印，然后现场组装起来，创建出两堵外墙、一个屋顶和一个内部部分，它不包含规则的形状和角度。据此可知，这种房屋和平常的房屋不同，故A项正确。
6．Where is the architecture located according to Paragraph 4?
A．Far away from the Tennessee River.
B．In the woods near the Tennessee River.
C．Between the Tennessee River and the woods.
D．Next to some modern buildings.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded，sunlit area．”可知，所选的地点离田纳西河只有几步之遥，在一个美丽的长满树木和阳光普照的地区。据此可知，这一建筑位于田纳西河附近的树林里，故B项正确。
7．What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?
A．It motivates participants to design at random.
B．It emphasizes traditions rather than modernization.
C．It sponsors competitors when necessary.
D．It helps put creative ideas into practice.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $8，000 to make its plans a reality．”可知，WATG在2016年的“自由形式家居设计挑战赛”中获得了一等奖，并获得了8 000美元的奖金以实现其计划。据此可以推断，“自由形式家居设计挑战赛”旨在将有创造性的想法付诸实施，故D项正确。
8．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．What our homes will look like in the future.
B．The Freeform Home Design Challenge.
C．The world’s first freeform 3D?printed house.
D．The development of 3D printing in architecture.
C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章第一段“Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like，as preparations are made for the world’s first freeform 3D?printed property(房产)．”可知，本文主要介绍了世界第一座自由形式的3D打印房屋，该房屋名为“曲线的吸引(Curve Appeal)”。故C项最能概括文意。
完形填空
(2019·成都诊断)I asked my grandpa what it feels like to grow old．He took a sip of tea and 1 ， “Have you ever been in a hot 2 when the water ran 3 ？” I told him I had.
“That’s what 4 feels like, ” he said．“In the beginning of life, it’s like you’re taking a hot shower． 5 ， the water is too warm, but you get used to the 6 and begin enjoying it．When you’re young, you think it’s going to be this way forever．But life goes on like this 7 ．”
“You begin to 8 it somewhere between your 40s and 50s．The water temperature drops just the slightest bit．It’s almost unnoticeable, but you know it 9 ．You turn the faucet(水龙头) up to stay warm．One day you realize the faucet can’t go any 10 ， and the temperature begins to drop—the warmth is leaving your 11 ．”
“It feels rather 12 ， ”Grandpa added．“The water is still 13 ， but it’ll soon become cold and there’s nothing you can do．I enjoyed my life because I satisfied myself 14 the showers of my youth．”
Later on that day, entering Grandpa’s living room, I noticed him 15 in his chair with a blanket 16 his legs; his eyelids closed．His chest was rising and falling 17 ．
I decided not to disturb his sleep, hoping he was dreaming of his 18 ， the enjoyment with family, the warmth of days gone by.
19 ， all of us should value those we love 20 the water runs cold.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。爷爷形象生动地以洗热水澡为例，向作者描述了人在逐渐变老过程中的感受，并表示他对自己的青年时期感到很满意。文章建议我们在变老之前要珍惜我们所爱的一切。
1．A．asked B．continued
C．laughed D．whispered
A 解析：A项意为“问”；B项意为“继续”；C项意为“大笑”；D项意为“低语”。根据后面的爷爷的问话可知，本处是爷爷问作者。故选A。
2．A．river B．spring
C．shower D．pool
C 解析：A项意为“河流”；B项意为“泉”；C项意为“淋浴”；D项意为“游泳池”。“a hot spring”指的是温泉，不符合语境。根据下文内容可知，本处爷爷问我是否体验过洗热水澡时水变凉(cold)的感受。下文出现的“a hot shower”是提示，故选C。
3．A．out B．cold
C．warm D．down
B 解析：参见上题解析。下文出现的“water temperature drops”及“cold”是提示，故选B。
4．A．desperation B．ageing
C．childhood D．happiness
B 解析：本处与开篇第一句话呼应，应讲述的是变老(ageing)的感觉。故选B。
5．A．Obviously B．Gradually
C．At first D．For certain
C 解析：A项意为“明显地”；B项意为“逐渐地”；C项意为“起初”；D项意为“确定”。根据语境可知，起初水太热了。故选C。
6．A．speed B．heat
C．quantity D．quality
B 解析：A项意为“速度”；B项意为“热，热度”；C项意为“数量”；D项意为“质量”。起初水太热了，但是你习惯了这种热度并开始喜欢这种热度。故选B。
7．A．temporarily B．permanently
C．naturally D．fortunately
A 解析：A项意为“暂时地”；B项意为“持久地”；C项意为“自然地”；D项意为“幸运地”。但是生活只会暂时那样。故选A。
8．A．touch B．accept
C．feel D．ignore
C 解析：A项意为“触摸”；B项意为“接受”；C项意为“感觉”；D项意为“忽视”。大约四五十岁的时候开始感觉有变化。故选C。
9．A．happened B．disappeared
C．stopped D．hurt
A 解析：A项意为“发生”；B项意为“消失”；C项意为“停止”；D项意为“伤害”。它几乎不被注意，但你知道它发生了。故选A。
10．A．looser B．lower
C．higher D．farther
D 解析：A项意为“更松”；B项意为“更低”；C项意为“更高”；D项意为“更远，更进一步”。根据语境可知，有一天你会发现水龙头开不了更大了。故选D。
11．A．body B．room
C．life D．legs
A 解析：根据空前的“温度开始下降”可知，本处应为“温暖正在离开你的身体(body)”。故选A。
12．A．strange B．helpless
C．funny D．encouraging
B 解析：A项意为“奇怪的”；B项意为“无助的”；C项意为“滑稽的”；D项意为“鼓舞人心的”。根据爷爷下一句的讲述“水温依然令人愉快，但是水很快就会变凉，而且你无能为力”可知，变老的过程是让人无助的。故选B。
13．A．burning B．freezing
C．pleasant D．clean
C 解析：A项意为“炙热的”；B项意为“冰冻的”；C项意为“令人愉快的”；D项意为“干净的”。根据语境可知，水温依然令人愉快，但是水很快就会变凉，而且你无能为力。故选C。
14．A．waiting for B．making up
C．looking for D．calling up
D 解析：A项意为“等待”；B项意为“组成”；C项意为“寻找”；D项意为“回忆”。根据语境可知，应该是“回忆我的青年时期，我对自己还是很满意的”。故选D。
15．A．lying B．thinking
C．drinking D．moving
A 解析：A项意为“躺着”；B项意为“想，认为”；C项意为“喝”；D项意为“移动”。本处应该是爷爷躺在椅子上。故选A。
16．A．across B．behind
C．above D．between
A 解析：本处指毯子盖住他的腿部，应用“across”。故选A。
17．A．suddenly B．toughly
C．frequently D．slightly
D 解析：A项意为“突然”；B项意为“艰难地”；C项意为“频繁地”；D项意为“轻微地”。爷爷睡着了，胸脯轻微地起伏。故选D。
18．A．future B．achievements
C．youth D．sorrows
C 解析：A项意为“未来”；B项意为“成就”；C项意为“青年时期”；D项意为“悲伤事”。根据语境可知，我决定不去打扰他的睡眠， 希望他会梦到他的青年时期、他与家人在一起的快乐、逝去的日子的温暖。故选C。
19．A．Moreover B．Undoubtedly
C．However D．Generally
B 解析：A项意为“此外”；B项意为“毋庸置疑地”；C项意为“然而”；D项意为“一般地”。毋庸置疑的是，我们在变老之前要珍惜我们所爱的一切。故选B。
20．A．during B．as
C．since D．before
D 解析：我们在变老之前要珍惜我们所爱的一切。before“在……之前”。故选D。
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