Unit 1 Great scientists
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Steve Jobs,who passed away on October 5,2011,was an American computer enterpriser and inventor.He was co-founder,chairman,and CEO of Apple Corporation.Jobs also previously served as CEO of Pixar Animation Studios;he became a member of the board of directors of the Walt Disney Company in 2006,following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.
In the late 1970s,Jobs—along with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak,Mike Markkula and others—designed,developed,and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers,the Apple Ⅱseries.In the early 1980s,Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC’s mouse-driven graphical user interface(界面),which led to the creation of the Macintosh.After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985,Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT,a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets.Apple’s 1996 buyout(收购)of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded,and he served as its CEO from 1997 until August 2011.
In 1986,he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd,which was turned out as Pixar Animation Studios.He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by the Walt Disney Company in 2006.Consequently,Jobs became Disney’s largest individual shareholder at 7 percent and a member of Disney’s Board of Directors.On August 24,2011,Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple’s CEO.
Jobs died in California at the age of 56,seven years after being diagnosed with cancer.At the time of his resignation,and after his death,he was widely described as a pioneer and genius—perhaps one of the foremost—in the field of business,innovation,and product design,and a man who had deeply changed the face of the modern world,revolutionized at least six different industries,and an “exemplar for all CEOs”.His death was widely mourned and considered a loss to the world by reviewers across the globe.
1.Why did Steve Jobs leave Apple Corporation in 1985?
A.He found it was hard to work with his partners.
B.He was defeated in the attempt of controlling Apple Corporation.
C.He wanted to found another company.
D.Apple Corporation would soon be defeated by another company.
2.We can know from this passage that .?
A.people think highly of Steve Jobs
B.Steve Jobs was CEO of Pixar Animation Studios in 2007
C.Steve Jobs retired at the age of 50 because of cancer
D.Steve Jobs is the Einstein of our times
3.What does the underlined word “exemplar” in the last paragraph mean?
A.companion B.model C.friend D.inventor
4.What is the best title of this passage?
A.Family of Steve Jobs B.Background of Steve Jobs
C.Life of Steve Jobs D.Death of Steve Jobs
语篇解读:本文介绍了史蒂夫·乔布斯的生平。他是苹果公司的前任首席运行官兼创办人之一,同时也被认为是计算机业界与娱乐业界的标志性人物。
答案及剖析:
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知,乔布斯离开苹果公司的原因是他在公司高层的权力斗争中失败。
2.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可推断,人们对乔布斯的评价非常高。
3.B 猜测词义题。根据语境可知,此处指史蒂夫·乔布斯是所有总裁的典范。
4.C 主旨大意题。本文介绍了史蒂夫·乔布斯的生平。
Ⅱ.七选五
Get a Thorough Understanding of Oneself
In all one’s life time,it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with.1. ?
When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate(高估) yourself.It seems that everything you seek for is within your reach.2. It’s likely that you think it wise for yourself to stay away from the outer world.Actually,to get a thorough understanding of yourself,you may as well keep the following tips in mind.?
Gain a correct view of yourself.You may look forward hopefully to the future but be sure not to expect too much,for dreams can never be fully realized.You may be courageous to meet challenges but it should be clear to you where to direct your efforts.3. ?
Self-appreciate.Whether you compare yourself to a high mountain or a small stone,you represent a state of nature.4. If you earnestly(诚挚地) admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation.?
5. In time of anger,do yourself a favor by releasing(释放) it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames;in time of sadness,do yourself a favor by sharing it with your friends so as to change a bad mood into a cheerful one;in time of tiredness,do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep.?
Get a full control of your life.Having done so,you will find your life full of color and flavor.
A.It has its own value.
B.Do yourself a favor when it’s needed.
C.Do yourself a favor when you resist the attack of illness.
D.But it is precisely oneself that one has the least understanding of.
E.Especially if it is well within your reach,you are just too blind to see it.
F.When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself.
G.So long as you have a perfect knowledge of yourself,there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
答案:1-5 DFGAB
Ⅲ.完形填空
My mother was a giver.The occasion never 1 Christmas,birthdays,
anniversaries or no occasion at all.?
She was always thinking about who might 2 what.Creativity and 3 went into the gifts she gave,and she 4 a “thank you” note.Once she sent out a note to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged gifts, 5 that they were now on her “Fecal Roster(黑名单)” and would not be removed 6 she had received a proper “thank you”.?
Even if you didn’t 7 a “thank you”,she’d give you another gift the next 8 she had.She figured 9 manners were your problem,not hers.?
Every time Mom and Dad 10 to visit,all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage.There was always something for the kids, 11 a couple of little toys or a big 12 of homemade cookies.They weren’t gifts for particular occasions.They were 13 “Isn’t life great?” gifts.?
One spring when they came to visit,she handed me a 14 bag.Inside was a painting that 15 :“A Special Daughter.You’ve 16 laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts.The most precious things we can 17 from you are the things you have given us— 18 and Love.”?
Mom was a(n) 19 gift giver,but the best gifts we will always remember were her love for 20 and her love for us.?
1.A.mattered B.occurred C.varied D.arose
2.A.wonder B.praise C.enjoy D.approve
3.A.thoughtfulness B.sympathy C.justice D.authority
4.A.ignored B.appreciated C.promised D.resisted
5.A.assuming B.abusing C.stating D.correcting
6.A.once B.after C.when D.until
7.A.send B.purchase C.conduct D.obtain
8.A.time B.chance C.festival D.holiday
9.A.mistaken B.bad C.silly D.ridiculous
10.A.walked by B.wandered around C.drove over D.rode away
11.A.often B.almost C.never D.seldom
12.A.tank B.cage C.container D.holder
13.A.fairly B.apparently C.especially D.simply
14.A.cookie B.toy C.hand D.gift
15.A.read B.told C.wrote D.appeared
16.A.showed B.awarded C.devoted D.brought
17.A.apply B.wish C.recommend D.ask
18.A.Assistance B.Privilege C.Happiness D.Satisfaction
19.A.extreme B.serious C.grand D.great
20.A.life B.kids C.families D.gifts
语篇解读:作者讲述了关于自己母亲的故事。作者的母亲经常通过赠送家人礼物来表达爱意,关于赠送什么样的礼物,母亲总是有自己的想法。
答案及剖析:
1.A 根据下文“Christmas,birthdays,anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知,作者的母亲赠送礼物时不分场合,任何场合都没有关系。
2.C 送什么样的礼物要根据别人的喜好,所以作者的母亲会想别人喜欢什么。
3.A 根据“She was always thinking about who might 2 what”可知,作者的母亲经常思考。?
4.B 此处是指作者的母亲非常赞赏收到礼物的人送来一张表示感谢的便条。
5.C 一旦收到礼物的那些孩子和孙子没有表示感谢,作者的母亲就会给他们发出一张纸条,说明他们现在在她的“黑名单”上。
6.D 作者的母亲将孩子们加入黑名单,只是为了提醒他们没有对收到礼物表达感谢。直到收到了表示感谢的便条,母亲才会将他们从黑名单上移出。
7.A 8.B 此处是指即使你没有送出表示感谢的纸条,下次有机会她还是会送你另一份
礼物。
9.B 得到礼物不回谢只能说是一种不礼貌的行为。bad manners “不礼貌”。
10.C 根据下文“all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage”可知,他们是驾车过来看望我们。
11.A 此处对送给孩子们的东西进行了部分列举,由此可推测出这几样东西经常出现。
12.C 饼干应该是放在盒子之类的容器里的,故填container “容器”。
13.D 上文提到父母经常送给孩子们一些小礼物。这些礼物都是很简单的。
14.D 结合下文“Mom was a(n) 19 gift giver” 可知,这里指一个礼物袋。?
15.A 里面是一幅画,画上写着……此处是一个固定用法,read “写着”。
16.D 父母感谢作者为他们带来的欢声笑语……
17.B 18.C 父母希望从作者那里得到的最宝贵的东西就是幸福和爱。
19.D 通读全文可知,作者的母亲是一位极好的礼物赠送者。
20.A 根据语境可知,此处是指作者的母亲对生活的热爱。
PAGE
6
(共13张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1.A suitable solution has already been (提出) by the
new manager.?
2.Does it (有道理) that you ask your daughter to
take so many courses on weekends??
3. (除……之外) some spelling mistakes,the
composition is fairly good.?
答案:1.put forward 2.make sense 3.Apart from
4.It was careless driving that (导致) the accident.
5.We had a heated discussion before (得出那
个结论).?
答案:4.contributed to 5.drawing the conclusion
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
John Snow was a famous doctor in London,1. was so expert that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he was famous for
2. (defeat) “King Cholera”.?
Cholera was a 3. (dead) disease and neither its cause nor its cure was understood.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem.He suspected that people 4. (absorb) this disease into their bodies with their meals.So when another outbreak hit London,he began his enquiry.He found that many victims 5. (link) to the outbreak were near the water pump,so he had the handle 6. (remove).Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.He drew 7. conclusion that the polluted water was 8. (blame).?
答案:1.who 2.defeating 3.deadly 4.absorbed 5.linked 6.removed 7.the 8.to blame 9.to 10.Finally
The water companies were instructed not to expose people
9. polluted water any more.10. (final) “King Cholera” was defeated.?
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The number of foreign students (attend) Chinese
universities has been rising steadily since 1997.?
2.You must read the (instruct) before taking the medicine.?
3.Tom is a (science) who studies physics.?
4.Fresh air and exercise contribute good health.?
答案:1.attending 2.instructions 3.scientist 4.to
5.This switch has decreased (pollute)in the country’s major
lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
(2018全国Ⅱ,语法填空)
6.It is (announce) that there’ll be a celebration on
National Day.
7.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid looking directly
into his eyes so he doesn’t feel (challenge).
(2018全国Ⅲ,语法填空)
答案:5.pollution 6.announced 7.challenged
8.It seemed that Mike was (blame) because he was the last
one to leave.
9.Take care not to keep your children (expose) to bad books,
Nets and magazines.
10.When entering the room,we found the girl (absorb) in
reading a novel.
答案:8.to blame/blamed 9.exposed 10.absorbed
答案:1.将protect改为protecting 2.将Exposing改为Exposed 3.去掉of 4.将absorbing改为absorbed 5.将defeating改为defeated
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.Everyone should make contributions to protect the environment.
2.Exposing to the sunlight for a long time,the boy had his skin
burned.
3.This sentence just doesn’t make sense of,no matter how you read
it.
4.He sat there,absorbing in reading a magazine.
5.Although defeating in the match,we didn’t lose heart.
6.Neither he nor I are going to see the film tonight because we have
a lot of work to do.
7.You’ll find that these girls don’t feel frightening easily now.
8.The plan was put forward at yesterday’s meeting in my opinion is
quite practical.
9.He was struck by the beauty first time he visited Guilin.
10.Don’t use words,expressions or phrases only knowing to people
with specific knowledge.
答案:6.将are改为am 7.将frightening改为frightened 8.去掉was 9.first前加the 10.将knowing改为known
微写作
1.西蒙对科学很热忱,他一直梦想成为一名科学家。
?
2.他常常在课堂上提出各种各样的问题。
?
答案:1.Simon is enthusiastic about science and he dreams of becoming a scientist all the time.
2.He often puts forward a variety of questions in class.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
3.老师建议他多调查并且及时得出结论。
?
?
4.每当他遇到挑战的时候,老师总是鼓励他。
?
答案:3.The teacher suggests that he do more research and draw a conclusion in time.
4.Every time he meets with challenges,his teacher always encourages him.
5.随着时间的推移,西蒙进步很快,他很有希望成为一名科学家。
?
?
答案:5.With time going by,Simon has made rapid progress,and he is on the way of becoming a scientist.
(共25张PPT)
必修5
Unit 1 Great scientists
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
1. vt.& vi.推断出
n.结论;结束
2. vt.照顾;参加
n.侍者;服务员
3. vt.暴露
n.暴露;揭露
adj.无遮蔽的
4. n.& vt.治愈
conclude
conclusion
attend
attendant
expose
exposure
exposed
cure
单
词
拓
展
5. vt.责备 n.过失
6. vt.& vi.贡献
n.贡献
7. vt.& n.失败;打败
8. n.挑战 vt.向……挑战
adj.富有挑战性的
9. vt.吸收
adj.吸引人的
10. vt.怀疑 n.嫌疑犯
11. vt.污染
n.污染
adj.被污染的
blame
contribute
contribution
defeat
challenge
challenging
absorb
absorbing
suspect
pollute
pollution
polluted
单
词
拓
展
12. n.把手 vt.处理
13. vt.宣布;通告
n.通告;宣布
14. vt.指示
n.指示
15. n.建筑物
vt.建设;修建
16. vt.拒绝
n.拒绝;抛弃
handle
announce
announcement
instruct
instruction
construction
construct
reject
rejection
单
词
拓
展
1.put 提出
2.apart 除……之外;此外
3.make 讲得通;有意义
4.draw a 得出结论
5.expose... 使显露;暴露
6.link... ... 将……和……连接起来
7.look 调查
8.be 反对
9.be to 应受责备
10.(be) strict 对……严格的
forward
from
sense
conclusion
to
to
into
against
blame
with
短
语
记
忆
1. you put the sun there did the movements of
the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说得
清楚。
2.So many thousands of terrified people died .
there was an outbreak.
每次爆发霍乱时,都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。
3. its cause its cure was understood.
人们不知它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。
Only
if
every
time
Neither
nor
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.conclude vt.& vi.断定;推断出;使结束,终止;达成,缔结
②conclude sth. with以……结束……
③in conclusion最后;总之
④come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
① (总之),people around the world should protect the
water resources.?
②I (得出结论) from my own experiences that
where there is a will,there is a way.?
答案:①In conclusion ②drew a conclusion
2.expose vt.暴露,揭露,使曝光,使面临
①expose sth./sb./oneself(to...)(向……)显露或暴露某
事物/某人/某人自己;使某事物/某人/某人自己面临
②be exposed to接触;暴露于……
巧学助记
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①was exposed ②Being exposed to ③expose;to playing
①Tom (被揭露) as a liar and a cheat.?
② (暴露于)the sunlight for too long will
be harmful to your skin.?
③Some people think that we shouldn’t children
(使……玩) computer games.?
特别提示:在expose...to...以及be exposed to结构中,to为介词,其后要用名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
3.cure vt.治愈,治疗
n.疗法;治疗;药
①a cure for sth.治疗……的方法
②cure sb.of...治愈某人的疾病/矫正某人的不良行为
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①cure ②cured;of
①There was no (治疗方法),only pain relief.(2018江苏,完形填空)
②The fresh air and exercise him (治愈) his
sleeplessness.?
4.absorb vt.吸收;吸引;使专心
①absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
② absorb oneself in 某人全神贯注于
③ be absorbed in 某人全神贯注于
④“全神贯注于”的其他表达方式:be buried in/be
occupied in/be lost in/be addicted to
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①absorb ②Absorbed in
①When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead,
they (吸收) large quantities of lead.
(2016北京,阅读理解C)
② (全神贯注于) his work,he simply forgot to have
supper and sleep.?
5.blame v.谴责;责备;把……归咎于
n.过失;责备
①blame sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)……而责备某人
②blame sth. on sb.将……归咎于某人
③be to blame 应受谴责
④take the blame 承担责任
⑤put the blame on sb.把责任推到某人身上
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①blame;on;are to blame ②take the blame ③put the blame on
①Don’t always your own failure (将……归咎于)
others.Sometimes you yourself (该受责备).?
②You should (承担责任) for not finishing
the work on time.?
③Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning,and
(把责任推到) the alarm clock.
(2017全国Ⅲ,七选五)
特别提示:be to blame为主动形式表示被动意义,因此不能再用被动语态。
6.contribute vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助
①contribute...to...把……贡献给……
②contribute to...导致……;向……投稿;有助于……
③make a contribution to...对……作出贡献
注意:上面短语中的to是介词,后面接名词或者动词的-ing形式。
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①contribute;to ②contribute;to ③made a great contribution to
①Located where the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will more
(对……作出贡献) the Belt and Road construction.
(2017江苏卷)
②Sports mainly (有助于) your physical fitness.?
③Who (作出巨大贡献) the
civil-rights movement in the U.S.? (2016全国Ⅰ,阅读理解A)
写作联想:高考运用②其他表达方式
①Sports mainly lead to your physical fitness.
②Sports mainly result in your physical fitness.
③Your physical fitness mainly results from sports.
巧学助记
Many people contributed money to the poor boy,which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to China Daily.
许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐了款,这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的报道并把它投给了《中国日报》。
7.put forward提出(意见、建议);推荐;将……提前
①put aside储蓄;忽视;把……放在一边
②put away储存(钱);将……收起来,将……放回原处
③put back拨回,向后拨;推迟,延期;放回原处
④put down写下;放下;平定
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①put forward ②put aside ③put;away
①I tend to accept any idea (提出) by experts on TV.
②We’re trying to (储存) a few hundred dollars
every month toward our vacation.?
③Now the electric fan is not in use.Let’s it
(将……收起来).?
特别提示:在表示“提出”时,put forward和come up with为及物动词短语;而come up是不及物动词短语。
8.make sense 有意义;有道理;讲得通
①make sense of理解,明白
②make no sense没道理,没意义
③in a sense从某种意义上说
④common sense常识
⑤a sense of duty/humor/beauty/direction/pride 责任
感/幽默感/美感/方向感/自豪感
⑥in no sense决不(用在句首时,句子用部分倒装)
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①makes sense ②make sense of ③In no sense
①Read this and tell me if it (有意义).?
②Can you (理解) what this American is saying?
③ (决不) should you lose heart,keep trying
and you’ll make it sooner or later.?
