(共13张PPT)
单元知识检测
教材回扣
Ⅰ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
1.Sorry,I am late,but my train (被耽搁了).
2.The investigation had (针对)an organised group of
criminals.
3.I (被吓得要死)when I saw
someone walking slowly towards me in the dark.
答案:1.was held up 2.aimed at 3.was scared to death
4.The swimmer was seized with a cramp(抽筋) and had to be .
(帮助……摆脱困境)of the water.?
5.New students now (意识到) they are
likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.?
答案:4.helped out 5.are;aware that
Ⅱ.课文缩写填空
I had heard of the killers that every year helped whalers catch huge whales.And then I 1. (witness)it with my own eyes.One afternoon while sorting out my
2. ( accommodate),I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.We ran down to
3. shore in time to see Old Tom,the killer 4. (oppose) us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.It did so to announce that there was about 5. (be)a whale hunt.Without 6. (pause)we jumped into the boat and headed out into the bay with Old Tom leading the way.As we drew closer,I could see a whale 7. (attack)by a pack of killers.Then the whale was shot by a harpoon. Being badly wounded, the whale soon died.Another time,James,a fisherman 8. .
(wash) off the boat.I could see he was terrified of 9. (abandon) by us.But then I saw James being 10. (firm) held up in the water by Old Tom.James was saved by Old Tom.?
答案:1.witnessed 2.accommodation 3.the 4.opposite 5.to be 6.pausing 7.being attacked 8.was washed 9.being abandoned 10.firmly
语境活用
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Never in his life had he felt so lonely,so (abandon).?
2.The late twentieth century (witness) the rapid
development of China’s economy.(2016上海卷)
3.These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and
a (deep) of about 3,300 feet.?
答案:1.abandoned 2.witnessed 3.depth
4.Most smokers are perfectly aware the dangers of smoking.?
5.At the graduation ceremony,our headmaster required us to raise our
competitive (aware)in modern society.?
6.Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away (flee) the thief.?
7.Jacqueline’s views and beliefs were (reflect) in the
books she edited.?
答案:4.of 5.awareness 6.fled 7.reflected
8.Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it .
(perform)live is quite another.?
9.The report urged that all the children (teach) to swim.?
10.The meeting will be held (annual).?
答案:8.being performed 9.(should)be taught 10.annually
答案:1.将read改为reading 2.将on改为in 3.将第二个for改为to或of 4.将in改为on 5.去掉of/将of改为that
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1.He abandoned himself to read novels and failed in the exam.
2.His image seemed to be reflected many times on the mirror.
3.The police have appealed for witnesses for the accident.
4.I begin to reflect in the importance of my position.
5.He is quite aware of the danger is coming.
6.While she was in Paris,she developed a tasty for fine art.
7.A truck came in an opposite direction of the car,so the car driver
made a sharply turn.
8.Be punished by his father hurt little Tom greatly.
9.Parents should actively urge their children to taking advantage of
the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016江苏卷)
10.I was about to go out while someone knocked at the door.
答案:6.将tasty改为taste 7.将sharply改为sharp 8.将Be改为Being 9.将taking改为take 10.将while改为when
微写作
1.众所周知,由于污染,过去的十年见证了大量鱼类的灭绝,从而导致一些渔民
无鱼可捕。
?
答案:1.As is known to all,the past ten years has witnessed a number of fishes’ dying out due to pollution,which causes the fishermen to catch no fish.
(借助过渡性词语或句子就能把5个句子连接成一篇小短文)
2.如何能帮助渔民摆脱这种困境? 我认为一方面应该让所有人意识到保护海洋
的重要性。
?
答案:2.How can we help the fishermen out? As far as I’m concerned,on the one hand,all the people should be made to be aware of the importance of protecting the sea.
3.因此人们应放弃那些污染海洋的活动,例如:向海里倾倒垃圾,排放污水等。
?
4.另一方面,我们应该催促政府采取措施保护海洋生态平衡,对那些污染海洋的
行为进行制止。
?
答案:3.Therefore,people should abandon those activities which pollute the sea,such as throwing the rubbish into the sea,pouring polluted water and so on.
4.On the other hand,we should urge our government to take measures to keep the balance of the sea,holding up the polluting-sea activities.
5.总之,我确信只有提高人们的环保意识和停止污染海洋我们才能解决这个
问题。
?
?
答案:5.All in all,I am sure only by raising people’s awareness of protecting the environment and stopping polluting the sea can we solve the problem.
(共28张PPT)
Unit 3 Under the sea
基础知识·梳理
考点知识·导练
基础知识·梳理 抓主干·固双基
1. vt.目击 n.目击者;证人
2. vt.放弃;抛弃
adj.被抛弃的
3. vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓
adj.害怕的
4. vt.催促;极力主张
adj.紧急的
5. n.住所;住宿
vt.容纳;考虑到
witness
abandon
abandoned
scare
scared
urge
urgent
accommodation
accommodate
单
词
拓
展
6. vi.思考 vt.反射;思考
adj.反射的,反映的
n.反射,反思
7. n.深(度);深处
vt.加深,深化
adv.深深地
8. n.关系;血缘关系
n.关系,亲戚
vt.联系
adj.有关系的
n.相对性;相对论
reflect
reflected
reflection
depth
deepen
deeply
relationship
relation
relate
relative
relativity
单
词
拓
展
9. adj.每年的 n.年刊
adv.每年;按年度计算
10. adj.意识到的
n.知道
11. adj.狭窄的;有限的
adv.勉强地;狭窄地
12. adj.锐利的;锋利的
v.削尖;磨快
n.削刀;磨具
annual
annually
aware
awareness
narrow
narrowly
sharp
sharpen
sharpener
单
词
拓
展
13. adj.好吃的;可口的
n.味道
adj.有鉴赏力的
14. adj.使人敬畏的
15. prep.在……对面 adj.相对的
adv.相对地,在对面
n.反对,敌对
16. n. 目标;靶
17.vivid adj. .
18.shallow adj. .
tasty
taste
tasteful
awesome
opposite
opposite
opposition
target
生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的
浅的;肤浅的;浅显的
单
词
拓
展
1.help (...) 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
2.be/become aware 对……知道、明白;意识到……
3.hold 举起;抬起;阻止
4.sort 分类,整理
5.ahead 优于;在……前面
6.aim 瞄准
7.upside 上下翻转
8.(be) scared death 吓死了
out
of
up
out
of
at
down
to
短
语
记
忆
1.It was the killer whales,or “killers”
as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the
baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时
捕捉须鲸。
2.As we drew closer,I could see a whale .
.
随着我们的靠近,我能看见一条鲸鱼正被其他大约6条(虎鲸)袭击。
3.This was the call that announced there .
be a whale hunt.
这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。
a
time
when
being
attacked
by
a
pack
of
about
six
other
killers
was
about
to
句
型
整
理
考点知识·导练 解疑难·提知能
1.witness n.目击者;证人;证据
vt.当场见到;目击;见证
①a witness/witnesses to/of ……的目击者/见证人/证据
②witness to (doing) sth.证实/证明(做)某事;作证(说)
(做)某事
③give witness to 作为……的证据;证明
④witness for 为……作证
归纳拓展
高考运用:语法填空
①As a result it’s likely to see a rise in the size of its
working-age population and (witness) strong
economic growth over the longer term.(2017江苏卷)?
②The driver witnessed to (see) the man enter the
building.?
③The temples give witness the city’s former greatness.?
答案:①to witness ②having seen ③to
巧学助记
The witness who witnessed the accident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.
这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警方提交了证据并答应作证人。
特别提示:①witness作及物动词, 其主语可以是时间或地点,表示“是发生某事的时间或地点”。
②在短语“witness to...”中 to 为介词, 其后可跟名词、代词和动词-ing
形式。
2.abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃;离弃
①abandon oneself to 沉溺于
②abandon doing sth.放弃做某事
③with abandon放任地,放纵地
归纳拓展
高考运用:语法填空
答案:①abandoned ②to ③carrying
①Wang collected more than 7 million (abandon)bricks of
different ages.(2018全国Ⅲ,阅读理解C)
②Those who abandon themselves despair cannot succeed.?
③They abandoned (carry) out the plan because of the lack
of money.
3.scare vt.恐吓
vi.受惊吓
①scare sb.away/off 把某人吓跑
②scare sb.into/out of doing sth.吓得某人做/不敢做
某事
③be scared to do sth.害怕干某事
④be scared of 害怕……
⑤be scared to death 吓死
归纳拓展
巧学助记
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①scare their children into behaving well ②was scared to death
①Some parents try to (用
吓唬的方法使孩子守规矩).
②I (吓得要死) at the thought of
being bitten by the dog.
4.urge vt.催促;极力主张;力促
n.冲动;迫切要求
①urge sb.to do/into doing sth.催促某人做某事
②urge+that...(should+)do 主张……
③It is urged that sb.(should) do sth.坚决要求/极力
主张某人做某事
④have an urge to do sth.迫切要做某事
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①urge ②urge ourselves to study ③It is urged that
①But the (冲动)would no doubt be greater if you were living
on the streets with little food and money.(2018北京,完形填空)
②We should constantly (鞭策自己
学习) hard.
③ (人们极力主张) the government
(should) take immediate action to prevent such things happening
again.
5.help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难;协助;使(某人)脱离困境
①help sb.with/(to) do sth.帮助某人某事/做某事
②can’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事
③can’t help but do 只得做,不得不做
④help oneself (to sth.) 随便用(食物等)
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①help out ②help me clean the room ③couldn’t help smiling ④can’t help but ask his friends for help
①A good neighbor is also one who likes to (帮助摆
脱困境)in small ways.(2018浙江,七选五)
②Would you please (帮我
打扫房间)??
③As sad as it was,I (忍不住笑了).
(2017全国Ⅱ,完形填空)
④With so much work to do,he .
(不得不向他的朋友们求助).
6.be/become/get aware of 对……知道、明白;意识到……
①be aware that...知道;体会到……
②make sb.aware that/of...提醒某人注意……
③raise one’s awareness of... 提高某人的……意识
④develop an awareness of...逐渐懂得……
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①we’re not aware ②should be made aware of ③raise awareness of jazz music
①Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes (我
们没有意识到)how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.
(2018全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B)
②Drivers (应当被提醒)
the danger of driving after drinking.?
③UNESCO( United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural
Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to .
(提高人们对爵士乐的意识).
(2017全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C)
7.hold up 举起;抬起;阻止
①hold on坚持;抓住;稍等(电话用语)
②hold back 踌躇,阻止
③hold out 坚持到底;伸出(手)
④hold off推迟
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①held up ②hold out ③hold off
①I was (遇事耽搁) on the way so I was late.?
②I’d thought I could (坚持到底) till my dentist
came back from holiday,but the pain was really unbearable.?
③Could you (推迟) your decision until next week??
8.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were
then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were
on their annual migration.
那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”) 帮助捕鲸人在 每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉
须鲸。
It was a time when...是when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a time。
It was a time when...
=This was a time when...
=That was a time when...
=There was a time when...
曾经一度(那时)……
归纳拓展
高考运用:完成句子
答案:①a time when ②There was a time when
①He lived in (……的时代) the blind
couldn’t get much education.?
② (曾经一度) that nation
was a powerful country.?
9.As we drew closer,I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of
about six other killers.随着我们的靠近,我能看见一条鲸鱼正被其他大
约6条(虎鲸)袭击。
see a whale being attacked看到一条鲸鱼正在被袭击,句中being attacked
作宾语补足语,表示被动的含义。
being done结构是doing的被动形式, 在句中作主语、宾语、定语、宾语补足
语等。
高考运用:语法填空
答案:①being repaired ②being built ③Being bitten ④being discouraged
①When I was a child,I liked to watch bicycles (repair).
②The school (build) is for the children in the area.
③ (bite) by a dog put him into hospital.?
④Yet instead of (discourage) by my slow progress,I
was excited.(2017全国Ⅰ,完形填空)?
特别提示:“being done”形式作宾语补足语和后置定语时表被动同时又表进行,然而在作主语和宾语时仅表被动。
Unit 3 Under the sea
Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018安徽合肥第二次质量检测)
It’s not every day that the United States history mixes with microbes (微生物) in the soil.But when the grassland on the National Mall in Washington,D.C.was replaced,it offered scientists the opportunity to study changes in the soil beneath.
The work focused on the bacteria present in the soil.To the
researchers’ surprise,the communities of microbes did not change a lot before and after the replacement.These communities in the soil are known as the soil microbiome (微生物群).
“My lab is interested in how microbes can move around in the environment,and how they change and adapt as a result of this movement,” explains Jo Anne Crouch,the lead author of the study.“We thought that the new ‘imported’ turf (草皮) from New Jersey would introduce different communities of bacteria to the National Mall.However,we found that they weren’t significantly different.”
Crouch’s work focused on turf grass,defined as a large area of green grass.It is made up of the grass,its roots,and the soil and microbes found with them.
Think of the soil microbiome as similar to the collection of microbes found in the human body.When the microbes are out of balance,it can make someone sick.Crouch says it’s the same for the soil microbiome.Many of the worst diseases in crops or other environments are linked with changes in the soil microbiome.
Additionally,Crouch says that even though the changes between the soils were small,scientists are also starting to appreciate that sometimes a really important microbe is a rare one.This means it would be hard to observe but could greatly affect how the groups function as a whole.“Agricultural areas and other natural spaces are highly and easily hurt by negative changes,” she says.“Microbiomes offer an almost entirely new opportunity to influence interactions among plants and microbes to improve plant productivity and health.”
1.Why did the researchers feel surprised when they focused on the bacteria in the soil?
A.More bacteria appeared in the soil.
B.Microbes were replaced obviously.
C.Soil microbiome almost remained stable.
D.The soil microbiome damaged the environment.
2.By studying the turf grass,what did Crouch and her team find?
A.Microbes grew faster in their own community.
B.Soil microbiomes were different in different places.
C.Turf grass adapted to the environment nearby very soon.
D.Similar communities of bacteria were brought by turf grass.
3.Why did the author mention the microbes in the human body?
A.To indicate the two play a similar role.
B.To prove they are both the causes of diseases.
C.To examine the environments people live in.
D.To analyze the changes of human microbes.
4.What does Crouch mean in the last paragraph?
A.Microbes are still as hard to observe as before.
B.Studies on microbiomes can be beneficial to agriculture.
C.Scientists are still puzzled about the effect of microbiomes.
D.Too many microbiomes in the soil mean no harm to plants.
语篇解读:正如人体的微生物群落对人体的健康有影响一样,土壤的微生物群落也会对植物的产量和健康产生影响。
答案及剖析:
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的To the researchers’ surprise,the communities of microbes did not change a lot before and after the replacement.These communities in the soil are known as the soil microbiome.可知,令研究者惊讶的是土壤微生物群落几乎保持稳定。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的We thought that the new ‘imported’ turf from New Jersey would introduce different communities of bacteria to the National Mall.However,we found that they weren’t significantly different.可知,通过研究草皮,克劳奇和她的团队发现新移植过来的草皮带来的微生物群落与原来的微生物群落类似。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第五段第一句Think of the soil microbiome as similar to the collection of microbes found in the human body.及该段后面的内容可推知,作者提及人类体内的微生物是为了表示这两种类型的微生物扮演着类似的角色。
4.B 推理判断题。最后一段提到微生物群落提供了一个提高庄稼产量、促进植物健康的全新机会。由此可知,对微生物群落的研究对农业是有益的。
Ⅱ.七选五(2018吉林第二次调研测试)
How to deal with your homework
Write it down.1. Make a note on your notebook.Always be sure to write down all your homework for school so you won’t forget anything.?
Create a homework station.Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to work.
2. It will take twice as long to get the homework done.Shut off your mobile phone,log off your computer (unless you will need it for your homework) and close the door.?
Do it as early as possible.Don’t leave homework to the last minute.3. The earlier you start doing your homework,the sooner you will finish! Do all your homework as early as you can,so you don’t have a pile of homework the next day.?
4. Think about how long it will take you to complete each subject.For example:English—ten minutes,science—ten minutes,math—forty minutes,history—twenty minutes.?
Treat yourself.You can easily get tired of your homework by sitting through an hour or two without stopping.Once you finish homework for a subject,take a small break.Just make sure it’s quick (no more than 15 minutes).Do not turn on the TV,or you will never go back and finish your homework.5. ?
A.Use your time wisely.
B.Start as soon as you get home.
C.Start with your hardest homework.
D.Never do your homework in front of the TV.
E.You can take a walk or find something to eat.
F.After short breaks,return to finish up the rest of your homework.
G.Keep a homework notebook where you record all your homework.
答案:1-5 GDBAF
Ⅲ.完形填空
Growing up like all children,when I was growing up all I wanted was to be grown up.I always kept a close eye on my role 1 —my parents,and always tried to do anything they did.The skills I learnt and the attitude I 2 from a young age would be of great help to me in my 3 years.?
From the age of four or five,the memories I have are those of 4 my parents in their shop and helping them sell goods.The job I did was just 5 on the chair so that I could reach the counter and 6 at everyone who came in. 7 these are so insignificant,I always got a sense of 8 and satisfaction in my work.When I was seven years old,I went to primary school and my family moved to the town 9 I lived today. At the beginning,everything around me was 10 .I felt it hard to breathe 11 friends.But my family told me,“Never be a 12 ! Keep smiling and try to play with others!” So I tried to smile at others and play with others.Soon,it 13 .I got my happiness again.And those words are always in my 14 till today.Now,as a high school student,I have a nice class and many charming and 15 friends and teachers around me.I feel 16 and beautiful! Meanwhile,the support that I have received and 17 to receive from my family is always a major 18 for me to succeed as well.?
In my opinion,everyone’s growth is full of good and bad experiences all the time.The key is to 19 the good ones and find a way of turning a negative situation into a 20 one.?
1.A.plays B.models C.relieves D.glories
2.A.dreamt of B.ignoring C.thought highly of D.acquired
3.A.hard B.later C.last D.precious
4.A.following B.employing C.inspecting D.charging
5.A.sitting B.relying C.putting D.standing
6.A.shouting B.staring C.smiling D.laughing
7.A.When B.As C.Although D.Since
8.A.pride B.confidence C.shame D.humor
9.A.which B.how C.why D.where
10.A.impressive B.anxious C.unfamiliar D.embarrassing
11.A.without B.with C.among D.between
12.A.loser B.success C.slave D.quitter
13.A.arose B.owed C.worked D.shone
14.A.brain B.eye C.mouth D.mind
15.A.truthful B.hopeful C.careful D.powerful
16.A.upset B.sensitive C.sweet D.calm
17.A.agree B.manage C.continue D.mean
18.A.treatment B.limit C.happiness D.drive
19.A.select B.appreciate C.struggle for D.deal with
20.A.common B.secure C.positive D.valuable
语篇解读:本文讲述在作者的成长中,父母给作者树立了很正面的榜样,给了作者非常好的指导,让作者在成长的道路上走得更加坚实。
答案及剖析:
1.B 根据下文我总是尽力做他们做的事,可知我总是密切关注着我的榜样(models)。
2.D 此处指我从小获得(acquired)的态度。dream of梦想……;ignore忽视;think highly of高度赞扬……。
3.B hard艰难的;later以后的;last最后的,上一个;precious珍贵的。本文描述的是我的成长经历,故in my later years(在以后的岁月里)符合语境,故选B。
4.A 句意:从四五岁的时候,我记得的就是在父母的商店里跟着(following)他们并帮忙卖东西。employ雇用;inspect检查;charge控诉,索价。
5.D 对于四五岁的孩子来说,要想够到柜台,肯定要站在椅子上,故选D。
6.C 根据常识可知,卖东西的人对进来买东西的人应该是微笑。
7.C 句意:尽管这些非常不重要,但是我总会从工作中获得自豪感和满足感。根据句意可知,用although引导让步状语从句,故选C。
8.A pride自豪;confidence自信;shame羞愧;humor幽默。a sense of pride自豪感。
9.D 这里是定语从句,先行词是the town,此处在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where引导。
10.C impressive给人印象深刻的;anxious焦急的;unfamiliar不熟悉的;embarrassing使人尴尬的。刚搬到一个陌生的地方,自然对周围的一切都不熟悉,故选C。
11.A 刚搬到这座城镇,根据常识可知,此处指没有朋友。without没有,符合语境。
12.D loser失败者;success成功;slave奴隶;quitter半途而废者,轻言放弃的人。句意:但是,我的家人告诉我:“不要做轻言放弃的人!保持微笑,试着和其他人一起玩!”根据句意可知,选D。
13.C arise出现;owe感激,归功于;work起作用;shine发光。根据下句“我又一次获得了快乐”推知,我试着对其他人微笑和其他人一起玩,这很快就起作用了。
14.D 句意:直到今天我仍然记得那些话语。in my mind “在我脑海中”,故选D。
15.A truthful诚实的,真实的;hopeful有希望的;careful仔细的;powerful强大的。空处和“charming”是并列关系,共同修饰“friends and teachers”,故truthful最符合语境。
16.C upset失落的;sensitive敏感的;sweet甜蜜的;calm冷静的。和beautiful并列的形容词,用sweet最合适,故选C。
17.C 句意:同时,我已经得到的以及继续(continue)得到家人的支持一直是我成功的一个主要驱动力。
18.D treatment治疗;limit限制;happiness快乐;drive驱动力。a drive to succeed成功的驱动力,故选D。
19.B select挑选;appreciate感激,欣赏;struggle for为……而奋斗;deal with处理。根据语境,可知此处指的是欣赏好的经历。
20.C 找到把消极局面转变成积极局面的方法,文中和negative对立的是形容词positive,故选C。
PAGE
6
