2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（共8份）

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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（1）


An artist in Oakland，California is using his skills to help the homeless.Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable.The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather.Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.
Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses.Several are on the roadside near an active railroad.On a recent day，Mr Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young.The two men hug.Inside his little shelter Mr Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets.Mr Kloehn also visits Sweet-Pea，another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built.She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.
In the mornings，Mr Kloehn searches the streets for building materials.He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio.There，he puts the houses together.Empty coffee bags become roof material.A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows.Nails，screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together.The artist also attaches a small electrical device (设备) to the house.The device is powered by the sun.
Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own.But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.
Mr Kloehn says his work is not a social project.He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.
根据短文判断正(T)误(F)
1．Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters in order to make more money.(F)
2．We can learn from the passage that an act of kindness has made people comfortable and grateful.(T)

Period One　Warm-up & Lesson 1　EQ：IQ—Pre-reading

匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1．facial　　　　　　 A．adj.有天赋的
2．expression B．adj.面部的
3．connection C．n.表情；词语
4．gifted D．adv.精确地，准确地
5．accurately E．n.联系；连接
答案　1.B　2.C　3.E　4.A　5.D
[第二组]
6．academic A．adj.错误的
7．predict B．adj.学术的
8．deserve C．n.失败
9．failure D．vt.预言，预测
10．mistaken E．vt.应得，值得
答案　6.B　7.D　8.E　9.C　10.A
[第三组]
11．association A．n.残疾；无能力
12．possibility B．adv.完全地
13．disability C．n.联想；协会
14．entirely D．vt.控告，谴责
15．accuse E．n.可能性
答案　11.C　12.E　13.A　14.B　15.D

Step 1　Fast-reading
1．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．The role played by IQ.
B．The research done by Professor Salovey and Mayer.
C．The role played by EQ.
D．The success in one’s career.
答案　C
2．Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1　　　　　　A．An introduction to a study conducted by Professor Mayer.
Para.2 B．The advantages people with high EQ often have.
Para.3 C．The importance of EQ.
Para.4 D．Professor Salovey’s opinion about IQ and EQ.
Para.5 E．Most students’ wrong opinions about IQ.
Para.6 F．The connection between EQ and education.
Para.7 G．Some people’s wrong opinions about the association between IQ and EQ.
答案　1.E　2.D　3.G　4.B　5.F　6.A　7.C
Step 2　Careful-reading
1．According to Professor Salovey，what factor matters the most in predicting whether a person will be successful or not?
A．How a person tests his/her brainpower.
B．A person’s character.
C．How smart a person is.
D．A person’s IQ.
答案　B
2．The fourth paragraph tells us that .
A．people who have a high IQ always have a high EQ
B．EQ is the opposite of IQ
C．people who have a low EQ tend to have a hard life
D．people who have a high EQ always have a high IQ
答案　C
3．What did Professor Mayer find from his study of normal students being introduced to some disabled ones?
A．The disabled students became more positive and more eager to try new things.
B．There was no change in the normal students.
C．The disabled students were more willing to help others.
D．Students with disabilities were not open in trying new things.
答案　A
4．Which of the following is the writer’s attitude towards EQ and IQ?
A．IQ is more helpful to people than EQ.
B．IQ can be raised by understanding and communication.
C．EQ can get people hired.
D．A high EQ is of great benefit in getting people promoted.
答案　D
Step 3　Post?reading
After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
New research has shown that success results from not only a high IQ 1.but also a high EQ.IQ decides how intelligent you are，while EQ decides how well you use your 2.intelligence (intelligent)．To some extent，EQ might play a 3.more important(important) role than IQ in one’s success.4.Generally(general) speaking，people with high EQs are open-minded，positive and less likely to 5.be troubled(trouble) by problems while those with low EQs usually have more difficulties 6.surviving(survive) in life.7.It has been proved that EQ is influenced 8.by education rather than by birth.Thus，in order to make students better at communication and more 9.successful(succeed) in life，schools need to offer students the necessary education 10.to raise(raise) their EQs—the higher the better.
Step 4　Sentence?learning
1．When they see other students doing better than them，they usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change facts.
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句，when引导一个时间状语从句；believe后跟了that引导的宾语从句；they can do是一个省略了关系词that的定语从句，修饰先行词nothing。
[自主翻译]　当看到其他学生比他们做得出色时，他们通常认为那些学生拥有更高的智商，而自己却无法改变事实。
2．At work，it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
[句式分析]　本句是由but连接的并列句，at work是时间状语；but前后的并列句都是强调句型：It is...that...。
[自主翻译]　在工作上，是智商使你被录用，但使你得到提升的却是情商。
3．Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ.
[句式分析]　句首的过去分词短语Supported by his academic research作状语；that when...their IQ是that引导的宾语从句，其中when predicting...success作时间状语，as measured by EQ tests作方式状语。
[自主翻译]　萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据，认为预测一个人未来的成功，其性格(可用EQ来测量)实际上比其智力(可用IQ测量)的作用更为重要。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In 1997，Mary gave a present of $ 500,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi.She wanted to help poor students.It was a very generous thing to do.But her friends and neighbors were surprised.Mary was a good woman.She went to church.She was always friendly and helpful.But everyone in her town knew that Mary was not rich.In fact，she was poor.
How did a poor 89-year-old woman have so much money? Mary was born in 1908 in Hattiesburg，Mississippi.She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family.She took a job washing clothes.She earned only a few dollars a day.She washed the clothes by hand.Then she hung the clothes to dry.She did this for nearly 80 years.In the 1960s，she bought an automatic washer and dryer.But she gave them away.She did not think they got the clothes clean enough！At that time，many people started to buy their own washers and dryers.Mary did not have much work，so she started to iron clothes instead.
Mary never married nor had children.Her life was very simple.She went to work and to church.She read her Bible.She had a black-and-white television.But she did not watch it very much.It had only one channel.
Mary saved money all her life and eventually had about $ 800,000.When she was 89，a lawyer helped her make a will.She left the money to the church，her relatives and the university.Mary wanted to help others.She did not think she was a special person.But then people found out about her present to the university.She received many honors.She even flew in an airplane for the first time！Mary died in 1999.She was a shy and ordinary woman who became famous.
语篇解读　本文介绍了一位勤劳、慷慨，有爱心的老人——玛丽。

1. Mary gave $ 500,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi .
A．to surprise her friends and neighbors
B．to help the poor students
C．to prove she was a rich woman
D．to show her generosity
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She wanted to help poor students.”可知，她捐款是为了帮助穷学生。
2．From the passage we can learn that .
A．Mary left school early to help support her family
B．Mary’s parents asked her to wash clothes for others
C．an automatic washer and dryer were too expensive for her
D．Mary started to iron clothes because she didn’t get other skills
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She had to leave school when she was eight years old to help her family.”可知，她早早辍学是为了赚钱养家。
3．Which of the following tells us Mary lived a very simple life?
A．She went to church every day with friends.
B．She didn’t like others to buy an automatic washer.
C．She didn’t have much work to do.
D．She only had a black-and-white television with one channel.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She had a black-and-white television.But she did not watch it very much.It had only one channel.”可知，她只有一台有一个频道的黑白电视机，由此可以看出她过着简朴的生活。
4. What kind of person is Mary according to the passage?
A．Rich and friendly.
B．Hard-working and helpful.
C．Well-educated and special.
D．Poor and silly.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“She was always friendly and helpful.”和第二段中的“She washed the clothes by hand.Then she hung the clothes to dry.She did this for nearly 80 years.”可知，玛丽是一个勤劳的、乐于助人的人。
B
Despite being used by 1.24 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely.
One citizen，however，is trying to change this，“You get on the Tube and it’s completely silent and it’s weird，” says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed，” he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden，Brazil and the UK，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances.
Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them.“I can hardly stand the idea of having to talk to strangers on the Tube on my way to work，” he told the BBC.Michael Robinson,24，a student from London，agrees.“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you，” he says.
“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers，which I don’t，but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says.
So if you ever end up using public transport in the West，why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first.
语篇解读　在伦敦人们坐地铁很孤独，因为大家都不说话。为了改变这一现状，一位名叫Jonathan Dunne的人发起一项运动，鼓励人们在乘坐地铁时互相聊天，这项运动获得了很多人的认可，当然也有反对的声音。

5．How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other?
A．By putting up posters on the Tube.
B．By advocating his idea on the media.
C．By offering passengers special badges.
D．By starting a dialogue with passengers.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words ‘Tube chat？’ last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.”可知，Dunne是通过发放徽章来鼓励乘地铁的人们互相交谈的。故选C项。
6．How is Dunne’s campaign getting along?
A．It has caught international attention.
B．It has become a worldwide campaign.
C．Most passengers have refused to accept it.
D．Wilson has made great efforts to promote it.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，地铁聊天活动被许多国家的媒体报道，也就是引起了国际关注。故选A项。
7．According to Michael Robinson，what should Tube passengers do?
A．Hand in their feedback in time.
B．Walk up and talk to strangers.
C．Stop using public transport.
D．Enjoy the peace quietly.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中Michael Robinson说的话“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you...”可知，他认为对于有些人来说，乘地铁时是他们上下班途中可以得到的唯一的平静时刻，这片刻的宁静不能被聊天破坏。故选D项。
8．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Tube Chat or Not
B．Lonely Travel in London Tube
C．Silence on the Tube
D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，文章是围绕着Tube chat这一话题展开讨论的，这一话题引发了争议和分歧，由此A项最能概括文章的主旨。
C
Are some people born clever，and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough，the answer to both these questions is yes.On the one hand our intelligence is given to us at birth，and special education can never make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence.On the other hand，a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings.Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth，but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This view，now held by most experts can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to say that intelligence is something we are born with.The closer the blood relationship between two people，the closer they are likely to be in intelligence.Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population，it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different.If on the other hand we take two identical twins，they will very likely be as intelligent as each other.Relations like brothers and sisters，parents and children，usually have similar intelligence，and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine that now we take two identical twins and put them in different environments.We might send one，for example，to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring.We would soon find differences in intelligence developing，and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part.This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other，but who are not related at all，are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.

9．Which of these sentences best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph 1?
A．To some extent，intelligence is given at birth.
B．Intelligence is developed by the environment.
C．Some people are born clever and others born stupid.
D．Intelligence is fixed at birth，but is developed by the environment.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。由第一段倒数第二句可知，该段中心意思是：人的智商在出生时就确定了，但是，环境决定了我们的智商是否可以发展到极限。故D选项正确。
10．It is suggested in this passage that .
A．close relations usually have similar intelligence
B．unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence
C．the closer the blood relationship between people，the more different they are likely to be in intelligence
D．people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。由第二段第二句和最后一句可知，血缘关系比较近的人的智商水平也相近。故A选项正确。
11．The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows .
A. the importance of their intelligence
B．the role of environment in intelligence
C．the importance of their positions
D．the part that birth plays
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由最后一段倒数第二句可知，把双胞胎一个送进大学，一个送入工厂做无聊的工作，最后会发现环境对智力的发展同样起着作用。故B选项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
Are you satisfied with your life? How often do you think of reasons why everyone around you is successful though they are not usually better than you? What do you do wrong? Here are some things you should stop doing to be successful.
1． 12
Different people may interpret “success” in different ways：some of them measure it by money，other ones in positive changes to people around them and the world. 13 And do not worry about what other people think，and come after what makes you happy.
2．Do not believe anything without questioning it.
14 They are critical thinkers，and they understand that we are all ruled by our prejudices；so，they will always question new information.
3．Do not worry about all unpredictable things that may happen to you.
If you want to be successful，stop thinking about everything that MAY happen to you.
15 Be ready to change your deeds and decisions when things suddenly don’t go according to your plan.
4．Do not care about what other people think of you.
16 Your attempts to become “good” for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries，stresses，and problems.Successful people do not concentrate on quantity of people to please，but worry about their quality and focus on developing friendships with people they really care about.
Success is good，but you should understand that life will get depressing without friendship and love.
A．Try to feel comfortable with the reality and accept the fact that your future can’t be predicted.
B．Do not let others decide what “success” is for you.
C．As far as we all know，it’s impossible to please all the people who surround us.
D．Do not wait for the “right time” to do anything.
E．Successful people never ignore or avoid problems，no matter how big and awful they seem.
F．Successful people do not just accept any new information to be true.
G．If you want to be successful，do not let others force their interpretation of success on you.

12．答案　B
解析　此处为小标题，由该小标题下的第一句“Different people may interpret ‘success’ in different ways...”可知，本段告诉我们每个人对成功的定义都不同，不要让别人决定你的成功，故B项符合语境。
13．答案　G
解析　根据本空后的“And do not worry about what other people think，and come after what makes you happy.”可知，此处讲的是要想成功你不应该做的事情，故G项符合语境。
14．答案　F
解析　根据本空后一句可知，此处是说成功人士的做法，其中的They与F项中的Successful people相对应，故F项符合语境。
15．答案　A
解析　根据小标题及空前一句的内容可知，此处是说要接受现实和不可预知的未来，故A项符合语境。
16．答案　C
解析　根据本空后的“Your attempts to become ‘good’ for everyone will turn into nothing but new worries，stresses，and problems.”可知，此处是说不可能让每个人都满意，故C项符合语境。




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（2）
Period Two　Warm-up & Lesson 1 EQ：IQ—Language
Points

Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．uniform n．制服
2．sleeve n．衣服袖子
3．chain n．链条；一连串的事物
4．emergency n．紧急情况
5．pray vt.& vi.祈祷，祷告
6．mistaken adj.错误的
7．thus adv.如此，因此
8．disability n．残疾；无能力
9．embassy n．大使馆
10．lightning n．闪电
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
11．表情；词语 n．expression→表达 vt.express
12．联系；连接 n．connection→连接 vt.connect
13．精确地；准确地 adv.accurately→准确的 adj.accurate
14．描述；形容 n．description→描述 vt.describe
15．学术的 adj.academic
16．预言；预测 vt.predict→预言 n．prediction
17．失败 n．failure→失败 vi.fail
18．联想；协会 n．association→联想；联系 vt.associate
19．可能性 n．possibility→可能的 adj.possible
20．完全地 adv.entirely
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
21．起草draw up
22．come up with想出
23．集中注意力于concentrate/focus on
24．get to know逐渐了解
25．get promoted 升职
26．end up doing sth.以做某事而告终
27．另一方面on the other hand
28．deal with处理，对付，应对
29．in terms of从……方面
30．be willing to do sth.乐意做某事
31．get ahead领先
32．对……作出反应react to
33．make sure确保
34．be accused of doing sth.(某人)被控告做某事
35．be scared of害怕……
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题7分，满分35分)
36．While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are，your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.
你的智商表明你的聪明程度，而你的情商告诉你怎样能很好地利用自己的聪明才智。
37．Professor Salovey，who invented the term EQ，gives the following description：...
萨洛维教授，发明“情商”这个词的人，给出了下面的描述：……
38．Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ.
萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据，认为预测一个人未来的成功，其性格(可用EQ来衡量)实际上比其智力(可用IQ测量)的作用更为重要。
39．It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.人们普遍认为，拥有高情商的人易于接受新思想，并且对人生有着积极的态度。
40．The results of studies such as these show that EQ is as important，if not more important than IQ.
像这样的研究结果表明，即使情商不比智商更重要，至少也与智商同样重要。

重点词汇
You are a gifted student who always gets As in exams，but you have just found out you got a C in a recent test.
你是一个有天赋的学生，考试经常得A，但在最近的一次考试中，你发现自己只得了一个C。
gifted adj.有天赋的
※be gifted at/in...在……方面有天赋※gift n.天赋；礼物 have a gift for对……有天赋

(1)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be a Beethoven.
布莱恩在创作音乐上极有天赋，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人。
(2)Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
在各种卖礼物的店中徜徉，享受现场音乐秀和街头娱乐活动。
[一句多译]
(3)妈妈有让人们有宾至如归感觉的天赋。
①Mother has a gift for making people feel at home.(gift)
②Mother is gifted at/in making people feel at home.(gifted)
Analyse your problems and come up with a plan to improve your grade.
分析你的问题并想出一个提高分数的计划。
come up with想出；提出；找到
come about发生，产生 come across偶遇 come out出版；开花；出现 come to共计，达到 come up升起；被提出；发生注意：come up with为及物动词短语；come up为不及物动词短语。

(1)It was the gifted girl that came up with such a good idea.
是那个天才少女想出了那么好的主意。
(2)Can you tell me how the accident came about that day？
你能告诉我那天事故是怎样发生的吗？
(3)She came across some old photos in a drawer the other day.
不久前的一天，她在抽屉里发现了一些老照片。
(4)It is said that the young writer’s new novel will come out next month.
据说，这位年轻作家的新小说将于下个月出版。
[单句改错]
(5)Something unexpected came up with at the meeting.
Draw up an agenda and discuss it with the group.
起草一份议程表，并与小组成员进行讨论。
draw up拟定，制定，起草；(车辆)到达某处停下
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中draw up的汉语意思
(1)The early bus drew up at the school gate to pick up the students. (车辆)到达某处停下
(2)He has drawn up a list of the people who will be present at the meeting.制定，拟定
draw back收回；后退；取消(建议、计划、诺言等) draw near临近；靠近(＝ be approaching＝be around the corner) draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论 draw one’s attention吸引某人的注意

(3)At the sight of the snake，he drew back in horror.
一看到蛇，他就惊恐地向后退。
(4)With the exam drawing near，all the students are working harder than before.
随着考试的临近，所有学生学习比以前更努力了。
(5)It is hard to draw a final conclusion from the new evidence.
很难从这些新证据中得出最终结论。
(6)The boy was walking in the street when a bird drew his attention.
这个男孩在街上走着，这时一只鸟吸引了他的注意。
[一句多译]
(7)随着婚礼的临近，这个女孩开始变得紧张了。
①With the wedding drawing near，the girl began to get more anxious.(draw)
②As the wedding drew near，the girl began to get more anxious.(draw)
③As the wedding was approaching，the girl began to get more anxious.(approach)
④With the wedding approaching，the girl began to get more anxious.(approach)
⑤As the wedding was around the corner，the girl began to get more anxious.(corner)
Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success，their character，as measured by EQ tests，might actually matter more than their IQ.
萨洛维教授以自己的学术研究作为依据，认为预测一个人未来的成功，其性格可用EQ来衡量实际上比其智力可用IQ测量的作用更为重要。
predict vt.预言，预测
※predict＋sth./that...预言…… It is predicted that...据预测…… be predicted to do sth.被预测做某事※prediction n．预言；预测 make a prediction预测；预告

(1)It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.(2018·北京)
很难预测无人驾驶汽车何时会在公路上随处可见。
(2)It was predicted that inflation would continue to fall.据预测，通货膨胀将继续下降。
(3)The hurricane is predicted to reach(reach) the coast tomorrow morning.
预测飓风在明天早上到达海岸。
(4)It is difficult to make an accurate prediction(predict) about the effects on the environment.
很难准确预测对环境产生的影响。
[单句改错]
(5)The old man made a prediction more people would send their children abroad.
For example，have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class，who you think deserve good grades，sometimes end up failing exams？
例如，你想过为什么班里有些你认为应该得到高分数的最聪明的学生，有时会考不及格呢？
deserve vt.应得；值得；应受
deserve＋n./pron./to do值得……，应得…… deserve doing＝deserve to be done应该被…… deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意

(1)The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.(2018·北京)
这个故事又一次告诉我们：善有善报。
(2)To be honest，these proposals deserve serious consideration.说实话，这些建议值得认真考虑。
(3)The girl is working so hard that she deserves to succeed/achieve success.
这个女孩工作那么努力，她应该成功。

[句型转换]
(4)No matter who breaks the law，he will deserve punishing.
→No matter who breaks the law，he will deserve to be punished.
→No matter who breaks the law，he will deserve punishment.
Perhaps their failure is because of their low EQ.
可能他们的失败是由于他们的低情商。
failure n．[U]失败；[C]失败的人(或事物)
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中failure的汉语意思
(1)As we all know，failure is the mother of success.失败
(2)As a musician，he was a failure，but as an artist，he was a great success.失败的人
※end in failure以失败告终※fail vi.失败 fail to do/in doing sth.没能做成某事注意：与failure一样既可以作可数名词又可作不可数名词的常见词有： success成功　　 a success一个成功的人/一件成功的事 help帮助 a help一个帮手 surprise惊讶 a surprise一件使人吃惊的事 business生意 a business一家商店 beauty美丽 a beauty一个美人

(3)Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a walking journey.(2018·江苏)
因为没能找到任何其他的出路，他们决定徙步旅行。
[一句多译]
(4)很遗憾，我没能说服他改变主意。
①It’s a pity that I have failed to persuade him to change his mind.
②It’s a pity that I have failed in persuading him to change his mind.
People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well.人们经常错误地认为高智商的人总是拥有高情商。
mistaken adj.错误的



※be mistaken about sb./sth.弄错……，搞错……※mistake n．错误；vt.弄错，误会 by mistake错误地；无意中 make mistakes/a mistake犯错误 mistake...for...把……错当成……

(1)“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken，” Dennis responded.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
丹尼斯回答道：“恭喜！但是我认为有人弄错了。”
(2)When you make a mistake，be grateful for the things it taught you.
当你犯错误时，要感激它教给你的东西。
(3)You must have mistaken her for her sister.
你一定是把她误认为是她的妹妹了。
[单句改错]
(4)I took your handbag instead of mine by the mistake.
The man was accused of stealing money.
那个人被控告盗窃钱财。
accuse vt.控告；谴责
※accuse sb.of(doing)sth.控告/谴责某人(做)某事※“vt.＋sb.＋of sth.”结构归纳： rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人的某物 cheat sb.of sth.骗取某人的某物 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事

(1)She accused the servant of stealing her watch while she was out.
她指控这个仆人在她外出时偷了她的表。
(2)We should inform him of what is happening in this company.
我们应该通知他这家公司正在发生什么事情。
(3)The old photo on the wall often reminds me of the happy days.墙上的那张老照片经常让我想起那些快乐的日子。


[易混辨析]　accuse，charge
※accuse指当面指控或指责，不一定诉诸法庭，与介词of连用。
※charge指因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式的法律控诉，与介词with连用。
[一句多译]
(4)她的儿子被指控炸毁了那座大楼。
①Her son was accused of blowing up that building.(accuse)
②Her son was charged with blowing up that building.(charge)
经典句式
While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are，your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.
你的智商表明你的聪明程度，而你的情商告诉你怎样能很好地利用自己的聪明才智。
※在此句中while作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后意义的对比和转折。※while用作从属连词时：①表示“在……期间；当……的时候”，指一段时间，不能用来表时间点。②表示“虽然，尽管”，相当于though或although，引导让步状语从句，多放于句首。

[一词多义]　写出下列句子中while的汉语意思
(1)In general，keep an eye on their property while they are gone.(2018·浙江)当……的时候
(2)Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all.
(2018·天津)
而，然而
(3)While the wind is rather cold，it’s quite pleasant today.虽然，尽管
[单句改错]
(4)While I have suffered a great failure，but I won’t give up.
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.
人们普遍认为，拥有高情商的人易于接受新思想，并且对人生有着积极的态度。
本句使用了“It be＋v.?ed＋that...”结构。英语中，在不便或不必指明某看法、说法或消息的来源时，往往使用“It be＋v.?ed＋that...”结构。此结构中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。常见的用于这种结构的动词有：believe，think，say，report，expect，decide，suggest，require，order，know等。以上句式可转换为以下几种表达以It is said that...为例： It is said that...＝Sb.is said to do/to be doing/to have done sth.


(1)It’s believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by sliding them on smooth paths.
人们认为，这些大石块是利用滑道被运到金字塔的建造工地的。
(2)It is said that she is good at singing and dancing.
据说她能歌善舞。
(3)It is required that we (should) arrive at the station at 11：00.
按要求我们应该在十一点到达车站。
[句型转换]
(4)It is reported that a new hospital will be built here.
→A new hospital is reported to be built here.
(5)It is said that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming.
→Greenhouse gases are said to be the main cause of global warming.
(6)It is said that he has finished his book.
→He is said to have finished his book.
The results of studies such as these show that EQ is as important，if not more important than IQ.
像这样的研究结果表明，即使情商不比智商更重要，至少也与智商同样重要。
※be as＋adj.，if not＋比较级＋than...表示“如果不比……，至少也和……一样……”。该句型中既含有同级比较，又含有比较级。其中，if not more important than IQ是状语从句的省略，相当于if it is not more important than IQ。※在if，while，when，until，unless，once等引导的状语从句中：①如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中有be动词时，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词；②如果从句的主语为it，谓语部分有be动词时，亦可以省略it be。

(1)The boy is as fat，if not fatter than his twin brother.
这个男孩即使没有他的双胞胎哥哥胖，但至少跟他一样胖。
(2)When (I was) a boy，I looked at such things quite differently.
我小时候对这些事物的看法是完全不同的。
(3)Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.
别人没有跟你讲话，你就不要开口。
[句型转换]
(4)She picked up some French while she was studying in France.
→She picked up some French while studying in France.
(5)If it is possible，he will help you out of difficulty.
→If possible，he will help you out of difficulty.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Is there any possibility(possible) that he will be elected chairman?
2．She devoted herself entirely(entire) to the research and seldom went home.
3．If you regard him as a failure，you will be quite mistaken(mistake)．
4．The officer was accused(accuse) of abusing his power while in that city last year.
5．The woman’s expression(express) showed that she was very angry.
6．It is said that his son is a gifted(gift) singer，who likes music very much.
7．It is clear that there’s a connection(connect) between smoking and his disease.
8．Young as the boy was，he could describe the whole accident accurately(accurate)．
9．We need you to provide a detailed description(describe) of the situation.
10．As a result of his carelessness，the whole thing turned out to be a complete failure.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．Some people like traveling during the holidays，while others like staying at home.
有些人喜欢在假期里旅游，而有些人喜欢待在家里。
12．Her pronunciation is as good as，if not better than her teacher’s.
她的发音，即使不比她老师的发音更好，至少也是一样好。
13．It is believed that spring is the best season in a year.
人们认为春天是一年中最好的季节。
14．There is no doubt that the hard-working boy will succeed at last.
毫无疑问这个勤奋的男孩最终会成功的。
15．He has worked very hard and deserves to pass the exams.
他学习很努力，考试及格是应该的。

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The mother prayed(祈祷) sincerely for her daughter when she was ill.
2．I like her facial(面部的) expressions which are very sweet and natural.
3．It is hard to predict(预测) what will happen to this poor boy.
4．Unluckily，most of the people here considered the writer as a failure(失败者)．
5．The doctor said that there was no possibility(可能性)that the man made a recovery.
6．He is always working so hard that he deserves(应得)such a big prize.
7．The little boy gave us a good description(描述) of what he had seen.
8．In case of emergency(紧急情况), don’t hesitate to give me a call.
Ⅱ.选词填空

9．I’m not sure how the villagers will react to the new policy.
10．Who was it that came up with such an instructive idea that day?
11．To be honest，in terms of salary，my new job is very satisfying.
12．They will meet and draw up a new plan the day after tomorrow.
13．The government has failed to deal with the problem of homelessness in the city.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
14．In my opinion，the girl is gifted(gift) in performing at the party.
15．There is no doubt that our teacher will be satisfied with what we have done.
16．It is predicted(predict) that there will be an earthquake in that area next month.
17．The expert left the factory with a satisfied expression(express) on his face.
18．This job calls for a lot of concentration(concentrate)，but the young man is so careless.
19．When staying at the police station，he described the accident accurately(accurate)．
20．The boy often helps others，so he deserves praising/to be praised(praise)．
21．After failing in the exam twice，the young man lost heart entirely(entire)．
Ⅳ.完成句子
22．It was your kindness that made them get to know that they had done wrong.(It is/was...that)
是你的善良使他们认识到自己做错了。
23．It is reported that China has sent another man-made satellite into orbit.(It be＋v.-ed＋that...)
据报道，中国又成功发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
24．While she is a lovely girl，sometimes she can be extremely difficult to work with.(while)
虽然她是个可爱的姑娘，但有时很难与她共事。
25．Supported by his parents，he finished the hard task on time.(过去分词短语作状语)
在父母的支持下，他按时完成了这个艰难的任务。
26．To my disappointment，I failed to talk him into giving up that bad plan.(talk...into...)
让我失望的是，我没能说服他放弃那个糟糕的计划。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
When 8-year-old Lilly Bice of Diamondhead，Mississippi，heard families in Texas lost everything because of Hurricane Harvey，she wanted to help.
Her parents，E.J.Bice and Melissa Bice，were discussing going to Houston to help the recovery efforts.She overheard their conversation and decided she was going to gather a pile of toys to donate to the children whose belongings had been destroyed in the floodwaters.
“We went through Hurricane Katrina 12 years ago so we know the heartache and the loss of everything，” her dad，E.J.Bice，told ABC News.“We were discussing it and she just went to her room and started grabbing her own toys and putting them in a bag.”
Among the pile of toys she was donating was one of her favorite dolls，along with a handwritten note that is pulling at heartstrings.
“Dear Little Girl，I hope you like my new doll and her things，” the note read.“Take good care of her and have fun.She was a good friend to me and will be a great friend to you.”
His daughter’s kind action encouraged E．J.Bice to head to Houston Friday with a group of friends to serve food to the victims who had lost their homes.And he’s taking some precious goods with him.
“The doll is coming with me，” he said.“I’m kind of nervous.I don’t know who to give it to.”
Lilly’s mom，Melissa Bice，said even though her daughter wasn’t around to experience Hurricane Katrina，her daughter is an “old soul” who understands the suffering people in Texas are experiencing.
“She understands more than an 8-year-old child normally does，” said the proud mom.“She’s always been a giving child.She’s really into presents and making things for people to make them happy.”
语篇解读　本文主要讲了莉莉是个热心肠的小姑娘，她的父母去休斯敦看望飓风灾害的受害者，这个小姑娘不仅送给灾区孩子们玩具，还给他们带去了自己最温暖的问候。

27．What did Lilly’s parents decide to do to help the victims of Harvey?
A．Collect money for them.
B．Post some food to them.
C．Visit them and offer help.
D．Get more people to help them.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。由第二段第一句及倒数第四段可知，莉莉的父母决定去看望受害者，给他们提供帮助。故选C。
28．What else did Lilly put into the bag along with her toys?
A．A book she had read.
B．A note she had written.
C．A photograph of her own.
D．Some coins she collected.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由第四段可知，莉莉在这个包里，和玩具一起放着的还有一张字条。故选B。
29．Which word can best describe Lilly’s personality?
A．Intelligent. B．Independent.
C．Determined. D．Warm-hearted.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。由莉莉听到父母决定去帮助台风灾区的人们的谈话后的举动及最后一段妈妈对莉莉的叙述可知，莉莉的性格是热心肠的。故选D。
Ⅵ.完形填空
I remember believing in Santa when I was a very young girl.However，as I grew older，I learned many 30 that “proved” his nonexistence.Always 31 by nature，I was determined to use 32 to decide whether Santa Claus was 33 .
The first test 34 when I was 5.I decided that if I 35 all night on Christmas Eve，I could see if Santa really came down the chimney. 36 ，that was a useless 37 .I fell asleep that year，and when I woke up，I saw a 38 wrapped present under the 39 .
At the age of 7，I came up with another test to see if Santa was real.That year，I didn’t send out my Christmas letter to Santa because I wanted 40 for Christmas，but this turned into a plot.By then，I 41 knew Santa wasn’t real，but I wanted enough 42 to support this.That year was 43 ，because on Christmas Eve，my mother dragged me to our local Wal-Mart and led me around the toy section.I 44 to say a word，but did let my eyes 45 on a ballet set.I 46 that “Santa” wouldn’t know what I wanted because he shouldn’t be able to read my 47 .However，my mother would know everything that caught my eyes in the store.If I got the ballet set the next morning，I would have my evidence.On Christmas morning，there was the ballet set，sitting under the tree again. 48 I didn’t use it much，my mother ended up returning it a few days later.She 49 Santa was generous enough to leave a receipt.That was the end to my task to discover the existence of Santa.

30．A.theories B．facts
C．situations D．choices
答案　B
解析　随着我慢慢长大，我了解到更多的事实，证明圣诞老人是不存在的。fact事实。故选B。
31．A.cautious B．typical
C．curious D．desperate
答案　C
解析　生性好奇，我决定做些测试，来看看圣诞老人是不是真的存在。curious好奇的。故选C。
32．A.data B．exams
C．tricks D．tests
答案　D
解析　下文“The first test when I was 5.”一句中有提示。故选D。
33．A.real B．wise
C．merciful D．generous
答案　A
解析　第三段中的“I came up with another test to see if Santa was real”有提示。real真实的。故选A。
34．A.worked B．happened
C．succeeded D．failed
答案　B
解析　happen发生。第一个测试发生在我5岁的时候。故选B。
35．A.called up B．kept up
C．stayed up D．made up
答案　C
解析　我决定在平安夜熬夜，这样就能看到圣诞老人是否真的会顺着烟囱下来。stay up熬夜。故选C。
36．A.Instead B．Otherwise
C．Therefore D．However
答案　D
解析　由下文“I fell asleep that year，and when I woke up，I saw a wrapped present under the .”可知，那是一个无用的尝试。上下文之间为转折关系，故选however“然而”。
37．A.attempt B．suggestion
C．effect D．struggle
答案　A
解析　参考上题解析。attempt尝试。故选A。
38．A.roughly B．clearly
C．beautifully D．tidily
答案　C
解析　醒来的时候，我看到包装精美的礼物……。beautifully美丽地。故选C。
39．A.bed B．tree
C．chimney D．table
答案　B
解析　由下文“sitting under the tree again”可知是放在圣诞树下。故选B。
40．A.everything B．nothing
C．anything D．something
答案　B
解析　那年我没有给圣诞老人写信，因为我什么都不想要。nothing什么也没有。故选B。
41．A.hardly B．never
C．already D．usually
答案　C
解析　当时我已经知道圣诞老人不是真的了。already已经。故选C。
42．A.evidence B．intention
C．idea D．experience
答案　A
解析　但是我想要足够多的证据来支撑我的看法。evidence证据。故选A。
43．A.amazing B．strange
C．interesting D．annoying
答案　C
解析　那年的圣诞节很有趣。interesting有趣的。故选C。
44．A.hated B．tried
C．hesitated D．refused
答案　D
解析　我拒绝说话，只是让我的眼睛盯着芭蕾舞套装。refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。故选D。
45．A.focus B．try
C．put D．call
答案　A
解析　参考上题解析。focus on聚焦于，专注于。故选A。
46．A.hoped B．explained
C．argued D．figured
答案　D
解析　我料想圣诞老人不会知道我要什么，因为他读不懂我的心思。figure料想。故选D。
47．A.purpose B．opinion
C．mind D．eyes
答案　C
解析　参考上题解析。read one’s mind读懂某人的心思。故选C。
48．A.As B．If
C．Although D．As soon as
答案　A
解析　因为我不大用，所以母亲几天后把衣服退回去了。as因为。故选A。
49．A.admitted B．promised
C．thought D．said
答案　D
解析　她说圣诞老人很慷慨，留下了收据。故选D。
Ⅶ.语法填空
Now whenever I get close to losing my 50. (patient)，I’ll think of a report that I watched on TV years ago.It 51. (report) that nearly 100,000 people died from traffic accidents that year，causing a lot of damage and pain for individuals and society.Road safety has aroused 52. (wide) attention of the public than ever before.In recent years，many rules
53. (make) to reduce the traffic crashes，especially for the ones 54. (involve) in the pedestrians.As far as I’m concerned，we should take road safety 55. (serious) in our daily life.While 56. (use) the road，we must walk on the pavement，take notice of the traffic lights and learn to protect ourselves.Besides，car drivers should obey the traffic rules,
57. is both good for themselves and others.Above all，we should teach our children to treasure life and get to know and obey the traffic rules.
All in all，life is so precious that we can’t afford to lose it.Obeying the traffic rules is 58. all of us should pay attention to particularly.Only by attaching great importance to traffic safety can we all live 59. better life.

50．答案　patience
解析　考查名词。形容词性物主代词my后接名词。patience n．耐心。
51．答案　was reported
解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是句型“It was reported that...”，意为“据报道……”。
52．答案　wider
解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据空后的attention和than可知，此处用比较级。
53．答案　have been made
解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的in recent years可知，用现在完成时，且rules和make是动宾关系，故此处是被动意义。故用现在完成时的被动语态。
54．答案　involved
解析　考查非谓语动词。involve vt.使卷入，与the ones之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。
55．答案　seriously
解析　考查副词。此处是副词修饰动词take。take...seriously 重视……。
56．答案　using
解析　考查状语从句的省略。此处完整句为：While we are using the road，we must...。
57．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文的整件事情，且在从句中作主语。
58．答案　what
解析　考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句且在从句中作pay attention to的宾语，故用what。
59．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。live a．..life过……的生活，是固定搭配。




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（3）
Period Three　Lesson 2　Personalities and Jobs

Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．personality n．个性；性格
2．clerk n．职员
3．conductor n．售货员；指挥
4．butcher n．屠夫；肉商
5．athletic adj.喜爱运动的
6．neat adj.整洁的
7．selfish adj.自私的
8．characteristic n．特点；特性
9．biology n．生物学
10．pineapple n．菠萝
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
11．独立的 adj.independent→依赖的 adj.dependent
12．敏锐的；锋利的，尖的 adj.sharp→使锋利 vt.sharpen
13．渴望，欲望 n．desire
14．满意，满足 n．satisfaction→满意的 adj.satisfied
15．收获 n．harvest
16．和善，亲切 n．kindness→善良的 adj.kind
17．要求 n．requirement→要求 vt.require
18．在(上)船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上 prep.aboard
19．助手，助理 n．assistant→帮助，援助 vt.assist
20．翻译员 n．translator→翻译 vt.translate→翻译 n．translation
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)
21．care about关心，在乎
22．get worried变得焦虑
23．放弃give up
24．一束……a bunch of
25．go camping去野营
26．做决定make a decision/make decisions
27．对……自信be confident about/of...
28．独立于……be independent of/from
29．让某人满意的是to one’s satisfaction
30．meet one’s requirements满足某人的要求
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题7分，满分35分)
31．Which student believes that people who work with computers are not athletic but they have to be creative？哪个学生认为做计算机工作的人不善于运动，但必须很有创造力？
32．I find that very hard to believe.
我发现那难以置信。
33．I’ve just seen Ian holding a bunch of flowers and walking into a restaurant.
我刚刚看见伊恩拿着一束鲜花走进了一家饭店。
34．I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch.
我真的不喜欢他午餐时吃大蒜。
35．She used to work at Sea World but she prefers the independence of making her own decisions.她过去在海洋世界工作，但是她喜欢独立作出自己的决定。

重点词汇
A confident person is someone who is sure that he or she can do something or deal with a situation successfully.
自信的人有把握成功地做好某事或应对困境。
deal with对待，对付，与……打交道；处理；与……相关，涉及；与……做生意
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中deal with的汉语意思
(1)The young girl is good at dealing with all kinds of people.与……打交道
(2)The new book deals with many issues we are concerned about.涉及
(3)They like to deal with our company，for our products are of high quality.与……做生意
(4)With so many questions to deal with，the new manager couldn’t sleep well.处理


That’s/It’s a deal！就这么办！成交！ make a deal with sb.与某人做成一笔交易 a good/great dealof大量的……

(5)—I sweep the floor and you wash the plates.
—It’s a deal!
——我扫地，你洗碗。
——就这么定了！
(6)The other day she made a deal with one of her classmates.
不久前她和她的一个同学做了一笔交易。
(7)When you move there，you will see the famous actor a great deal.
你搬到那里后，会常见到那位著名演员的。
[易混辨析]　deal with，do with
※deal with中的deal 是不及物动词，表示“如何处理”时，与how搭配。
※do with中的do是及物动词，表示“如何处理”时，与what搭配。
[选词填空]　deal with，do with
(8)The man asked his wife what he should do with such bad apples.
(9)She is so young that she doesn’t know how to deal with such a situation.
Someone independent is able to do things by themselves and in their own way.
独立自主的人能自己独立做事并且有自己的工作方式。
independent adj.独立的；自主的；独自的
※be independent of/from脱离……；不受……的影响※independence n．独立；自主 gain independence获得独立※dependent adj.依靠的；取决于……的※depend v．依靠，依赖；取决于 depend on依靠；取决于

(1)I showed them I was independent by wearing strange clothes.
我通过穿奇装异服来向他们显示我是独立的。
(2)Her aim is to be independent of/from her parents by the time she graduates from college.她的目标是到大学毕业时，不依赖她的父母，过独立的生活。
(3)Nigeria gained independence from Britain in 1960.
尼日利亚于1960年脱离英国获得独立。
(4)I’m depending on you to help me with my English.我还在指望你帮我学英语呢。
Tour guides need to be independent，outgoing and have a desire to share information.
导游应该独立、外向并且愿意和他人分享信息。
desire n．渴望，欲望；要求；vt.渴望，希望；要求
※have a desire to do sth.迫切想做某事 have a desire for sth.急于得到某物※desire sth./to do sth.渴望某物/做某事 desire sb./sth.to do sth.渴望某人/某物做某事 desire that...渴望……(从句中谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。类似的词还有：insist，request，suggest，require，urge等。)注意：desire的名词作“请求；要求”讲时，与其相关的同位语从句、表语从句、宾语从句以及主语从句也常用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语部分为“(should＋)动词原形”。

(1)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.(2018·浙江)
我认识的人中好像很少有人有做饭的渴望或时间。
(2)The freshman has a strong desire to be independent of his parents.
这位大一新生很渴望脱离父母的管束。
(3)The girl is working hard，for she desires to be admitted(admit) into a key university.
这个女孩学习很刻苦，因为她渴望被重点大学录取。
[一句多译]
(4)我们渴望整个世界变得更加和平。
①We all desire that the whole world (should) be more peaceful.(desire vt.复合句)
②We all desire the whole world to be more peaceful.(desire vt.简单句)
③Our desire is that the whole world (should) be more peaceful.(desire n．)
I think tour guides must also get a lot of satisfaction out of seeing other people enjoying themselves.
我认为导游在看到其他人玩得很开心的时候就会拥有极大的满足感。
satisfaction n．满意，满足；满足感
※to sb.’s satisfaction令某人感到满意的是 with satisfaction满意地 be far from satisfaction令人很不满意※satisfy vt.使满意，使满足 satisfy one’s need(s)＝satisfy the need(s) of sb.满足某人的需要※satisfied adj.满意的，满足的 be satisfied with对……满意/满足注意：satisfaction意为“满足，满意”时，是不可数名词；意为“快事，乐事”时，是可数名词。

(1)To his satisfaction，both of his sons have grown up and are so independent.
让他满意的是，两个儿子都长大了，都很独立。
(2)He looked at them with great satisfaction.
他十分满意地看着他们。
(3)This course is designed to satisfy the needs of adult learners.这项课程是为了满足成年学习者的需要而设计的。
(4)The teacher was satisfied with what the students did that day.
老师对学生们那天做的事情很满意。
So many jobs require getting on well with other people
因此许多职业都需要与人很好地相处。
require v．要求；需要
※require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 require doing/to be done需要被做 require that sb.(should) do sth.要求某人做某事 It is required that sb.(should) do sth.要求某人做某事。※requirement n．要求；所需要的东西 meet/satisfy one’s requirements满足某人的需求

(1)In my first P．E.class，the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.(2018·北京)
在我的第一堂体育课上，老师要求我们跑圈，然后打垒球。
(2)The floor is so dirty! It really requires washing/to be washed.地板那么脏！确实该洗了。
(3)Her only requirement is that we(should)buy(buy) her a train ticket.
她唯一的要求是我们应给她买一张火车票。
[句型转换]
(4)All passengers are required to show their tickets.
→It is required that all passengers (should) show their tickets.
They must never give up.他们必须永不放弃。
give up放弃
give away赠送；分发；泄露 give into屈服于 give out分发；用完，耗尽 give off放出；散发出气味等

(1)I tried to persuade him to give up his plan，but in vain.我试图劝他放弃计划，但是没用。
(2)She was so stubborn that I had to give in to her.
她那么固执，我只好向她屈服了。
(3)The rich man decided to give away most of his money to the project.
这个有钱人决定把大部分钱捐赠给这个项目。
(4)When the teacher came in，our monitor was giving out the examination papers.
老师进来时，班长正在发卷子。
I feel that airlines should not allow new?born babies aboard their long distance flights.
我认为航空公司不应该允许新出生的婴儿在他们的远程航班上。
aboard prep.在飞机(船、火车、公共汽车)上；adv.上飞机(船、车等)
go aboard a/the ship(plane，train，bus，etc.)上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等) go aboard＝go on board上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等) All aboard！请大家上船(飞机、火车等)! Welcome aboard！欢迎乘坐！

(1)When I got there，he was already aboard the plane.我到那里时，他已经登机了。
(2)My sister finally went aboard the plane in time before it took off.
飞机起飞前，我妹妹终于及时登上了飞机。
(3)She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went aboard.
自从鲍勃登船(机)后，她没有跟他说过话。
[易混辨析]　aboard，abroad，board，broad
※aboard prep.& adv.在船(飞机、车)上；上船(飞机、火车等)
※abroad adv.，adj.& n．在国外，到海外；往国外的；海外
※board vt.上(船、飞机、车)
※broad adj.宽广的
[选词填空]　aboard，abroad，board，broad
(4)When do you think he will come back from abroad?
(5)The passengers are boarding the plane now.
(6)They were the last two people to go aboard.
(7)He has very broad shoulders.
经典句式
Which student believes that people who work with computers are not athletic but they have to be creative？
哪个学生认为做计算机工作的人不善于运动，但必须很有创造力？
not...but...不是……而是……，可以用来连接两个并列的成分，后面可跟名词、形容词、副词、短语和句子等；并且当连接两个主语时，谓语动词必须和与其靠近的那个主语保持人称和数的一致。有类似用法的还有not only...but also...；neither...nor...；either...or...等。

(1)I’m not a physician but a surgeon.
我不是内科医生，而是外科医生。
(2)The value of life is not what you’ve gained but what you’ve done.
生命的价值不在于你获得了什么，而在于你做了些什么。
(3)Not only my parents but also my sister likes(like) the new film.
我的父母和姐姐都喜欢这部新电影。
[单句改错]
(4)It was not the driver but the passengers that to blame for the accident.
I find that very hard to believe.
我发现那难以置信。
※此句中hard to believe为“形容词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质。※“宾语＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构中的形容词为表示难易等的形容词：hard，difficult，impossible，easy，convenient，nice，tough，pleasant等。在这个结构中动词不定式中的动词与宾语有动宾关系，但使用主动形式。如果动词不定式中的动词为不及物动词，则需加上适当的介词。另外，这个结构还可在句中作表语。

(1)We find her very difficult to get along with.
我们发现很难与她相处。
(2)Most of the students thought it hard to understand the long sentence.
大多数学生认为这个长句子很难理解。
(3)The problem she put forward at the meeting is necessary to work out.
她在会上提出的这个问题有必要解决。


[单句改错]
(4)The old room was so wet that she found it uncomfortable to live.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The students are required to clean(clean) the lab before they leave.
2．She gave up her job and started writing poetry.
3．The boss asked his assistant(assist) to buy us some food and fruit.
4．You are an adult and should be independent(depend) of your parents.
5．The young man desired that he(should) be sent(send)to help those in need.
6．Body language can give away a lot about your mood，so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.
7．I will cook something nice for you in appreciation of your kindness(kind)．
8．Sitting beside the president was an excellent woman translator(translate)．
9．Neither Tom’s friends nor Tom knows(know) how to spell the word.
10．I really don’t know how to deal with the matter.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．For most of us，the instructions were hard to follow.
对我们大多数人来说，这些指示很难遵从。
12．Some people really dislike it when others put finger prints on their screens.
有些人真的很不喜欢别人把指纹印在他们的屏幕上。
13．I saw Mike holding a big bunch of beautiful flowers when I walked past.(see...doing)
我路过时，看到麦克抱着一大束美丽的花。
14．It was not what you said but what you did that mattered.
重要的是你做了什么而不是你说了什么。
15．The government expressed a desire that the people trapped in the ruins(should) be rescued without delay.政府表达了立即拯救被困在废墟中的人的愿望。

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．It is said that her mother used to be a conductor(售票员)．
2．She is so independent(独立的) that she always makes her decision on her own.
3．She is so selfish(自私的) that few of us like working with her.
4．Winter wheat is planted in autumn and harvested(收获) in early summer.
5．We got no satisfaction(满意) from customer services，so we wrote to head office.
6．You must be more careful! The new knife is very sharp(锋利的)．
7．The young man desired(渴望) to leave this area and live a happier life.
8．In the end the manager expressed his satisfaction with his young assistant(助手)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9．The girl is tall，active and looks athletic(athlete) and I like her very much.
10．When he walked into the room，he saw that the clean clothes were neatly(neat) folded.
11．Interest rates have fallen sharply(sharp) over the last few weeks.
12．We desire you to finish(finish) the whole work within one month.
13．I shall never forget the kindness(kind) of the nursing staff while I was in hospital.
Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
14．The children desire that they 或would get some interesting books.
15．She’s new here，so she doesn’t know to deal with such a situation.
或She’s new here，so she doesn’t know what to with such a situation.
16．The young girl is very independent and likes doing things her own way.
17．I really like when the sky is high and clear in autumn.
18．To her ，her students did very well this time.
Ⅳ.完成句子
19．Later I found it interesting to stay with such lovely children.(find＋宾语＋宾补)
后来我发现和这些可爱的孩子待在一起是非常有趣的。
20．We will try our best to satisfy/meet our guests’ requirements when they arrive here.
(requirement)
客人到这里时，我们会尽全力满足他们的要求。
21．As a matter of fact，the incidents were completely independent of/from one another. (independent)
事实上，这些事件相互间毫无联系。
22．He announced with satisfaction that his son would get married the next month.(satisfaction)
他满意地宣布，他儿子在下个月结婚。
23．I really dislike it when people talk to me with their mouths full.(dislike it...)
我确实不喜欢人们含着满嘴的饭和我交谈。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
If you’re traveling with kids in London，many London hotels have special services and features to help the family holiday，offering services for kids as well as games，bike hire and free ice cream!
Athenaeum
The five?star Athenaeum is a fantastic family hotel，particularly with the addition of its kids’ services.Even before you arrive，they’ll be in touch to make sure your kids have their favorite DVDs，treats and anything else to keep them happy.And they can arrange your perfect family activities，from bike hire to theatre tickets.
Chessington Safari Hotel
At Chessington Safari Hotel，kids will love staying in an African adventure?themed room，having breakfast overlooking the animals of the Wanyama Reserve，watching family?friendly movies and getting into the theme park before it opens.
Marlin Apartments
Marlin Apartments operate more than 700 serviced apartments in London.Apartments are all within five minutes’ walk of the Tube(good for tired little legs！) with flat screen TVs，fully equipped kitchen and free Wi?Fi.One or two bedroom family apartments have an extra room for fold?out beds in the living area too.
Novotel
Novotel’s family rooms are designed to accommodate two adults and two children.Accommodation and breakfast are free for under?16s(up to two staying in their parents’ room)．You can also enjoy a late check?out at 5 p．m.on a Sunday，and while you lie in，the kids can entertain themselves with the Cartoon Network.
The Ritz
Kids at The Ritz are treated just as well as their parents，if not better! Children can enjoy computer games and DVDs，free ice cream and their own bathrobes and slippers.Under?16s can stay for free in their parents’ bedroom，depending on the room type.

24．Before you check in Athenaeum， .
A．you should ask about the kids’ services
B．you can buy bikes and order theatre tickets
C．you will be asked about what your kids like
D．you must arrange your family activities
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据Athenaeum部分中的第二句“Even before you arrive，they’ll be in touch to make sure your kids have their favorite DVDs，treats and anything else to keep them happy.”可知选C项。
25．If your kids love to see animals，you will choose .
A．Athenaeum
B．Chessington Safari Hotel
C．Novotel
D．The Ritz
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据Chessington Safari Hotel部分中的“having breakfast overlooking the animals of the Wanyama Reserve”可知选B项。
26．If you choose to stay at Marlin Apartments， .
A．you can enjoy the best service in London
B．you can enjoy free ice cream
C．you can have an extra room for free
D．you can surf the Internet free of charge
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据Marlin Apartments部分中的“fully equipped kitchen and free Wi?Fi”可知选D项。
B
My folks bought their first house in the early 1940s after Dad got a better job in Marquette，Michigan.We lived just inside the city limits in what was still a rural area.
In the spring of 1948，when I was 6 years old，my parents bought a calf(小牛) to replace our cow，which had been killed the year before.So one day we drove to a local farm and returned with a white and brown calf we named Tubby.
We didn’t own a truck，so Tubby rode home in the backseat of Dad’s car with my 9?year?old brother Steve，and me.As you can imagine，the trip was a lot of fun for us kids.
Later that summer，Mom thought it would be cute to take a picture of me sitting on Tubby’s back.All went well until the snap of the camera shutter sent Tubby charging off on a run，with me holding on for dear life.I lasted for about 30 feet before I hit the ground.Mom was quick enough to shoot a follow?up picture，so we had photos of me both on and off Tubby!
When summer had passed，the day arrived for poor Tubby to fill our freezer.I must have been somewhere else with my Mom on the fateful day，because I have no memory of how it happened.All I knew was that the barn was empty，and that we had plenty of meat for dinners.
I hadn’t lived on a farm like my mother，so I didn’t understand what happened to Tubby was not unusual.Livestock aren’t meant to be pets，and most farm kids know and accept that truth.
Whenever we had beef for dinner，I would tearfully，“Is this Tubby？” This went on for a couple of weeks until Dad had finally had enough and declared，“No more cows！” That made me feel a little better about poor Tubby.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在6岁暑假时与家里买的小牛Tubby之间发生的暖心故事，后来因为Tubby被家人宰杀，作者感到伤心与难过。体现了作者作为一个孩子的纯真。

27．The writer’s parents bought Tubby so that .
A．they would have more cows in the future
B．it would provide their children with milk
C．the family would have enough meat to eat
D．they would no longer feel lonely on the farm
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“my parents bought a calf (小牛) to replace our cow，which had been killed the year before”和第五段中的“All I knew was that the barn was empty，and that we had plenty of meat for dinners”可知，家人买小牛Tubby是为了有足够的牛肉吃。故选C。
28．Which word can be used to describe the author’s mom?
A．Serious. B．Strong?willed.
C．Careless. D．Quick?minded.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Mom was quick enough to shoot a follow?up picture，so we had photos of me both on and off Tubby！”可知，作者的妈妈是一个思维敏捷、反应迅速的人。故选D。
29．We can learn from the passage that .
A．Steve was not so fond of Tubby as his younger brother
B．the author had much trouble with Tubby in summer
C．the author’s mom thought it natural to kill a cow for meat
D．the author was pleased to see their freezer filled with beef
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“I hadn’t lived on a farm like my mother，so I didn’t understand what happened to Tubby was not unusual.”可推知，作者的妈妈认为宰杀家畜很正常。故选C。
30．We can most probably read the text above in a website on .
A．pets B．education
C．diet D．animals
答案　A
解析　文章出处题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Livestock aren’t meant to be pets，and most farm kids know and accept that truth.”可知，作者将Tubby看作宠物，所以这篇文章最有可能在宠物网站上看到。故选A。
Ⅵ.七选五
Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience，there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability，money and time. 31 Money is a topic I’ll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：
Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already? 32
Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread? 33 It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
34 This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives a good start. 35 And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
A．Try new things.
B．Ability is easily improved.
C．Make three or four instead.
D．Understand your food better.
E．Cooking is a burden for many people.
F．Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
G．A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.

31．答案　B
解析　上文说到了人们不经常做饭的原因：能力、钱和时间。空后的两句话“Money is a topic I’ll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.”说的是钱和时间，那么此空应该说的是能力，与B项吻合。
32．答案　G
解析　空前的两句话“When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials already？”说的都是关于提前计划的事情，所以此处应该是关于提前进行计划的好处，与G项吻合。
33．答案　C
解析　空前问“你是做一条面包吗？”，此处应该是关于做的面包数量的建议，与C项吻合。
34．答案　A
解析　根据下文的“It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.”可知，此处的建议是让你尝试一些新的东西，与A项吻合。
35．答案　F
解析　由空后的“And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live！”中的discourage一词可知，此处是让做饭成为乐趣而不是负担，与F项吻合。
Ⅶ.短文改错
In the summer holiday，we travelled to Qingdao and paid visit to my uncle there.It’s a long and bored journey.But the moment I arrived，I fall in love with the city.It’s such beautiful a city that I can hardly find any word to describe it.The streets are cleaning and the sky is blue.If you walk along the coast，you can feel the wind to blowing on your face.The sea is vast and sometimes you can find a boat or a ship.You may also do some fishing as long as it is permit.Moreover，I think the driver there drive too fast in the street.You should be careless when crossing the street.
答案
In the summer holiday，we travelled to Qingdao and paid visit to my uncle there.It’s a long and journey.But the moment I arrived，I in love with the city.It’s beautiful a city that I can hardly find any word to describe it.The streets are and the sky is blue.If you walk along the coast，you can feel the wind to blowing on your face.The sea is vast and sometimes you can find a boat or a ship.You may also do some fishing as long as it is .，I think the there drive too fast in the street.You should be when crossing the street.




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（4）
Period Four　Lesson 3　Making Guesses about People

Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．tutor n．家庭教师；导师
2．tear n．眼泪
3．cheek n．脸颊
4．hug n．拥抱
5．upset adj.不安的；不快的
6．fault n．错误；缺点
7．thunder n．雷声
8．pine n．松树
9．seed n．种子
10．squirrel n．松鼠
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
11．羊毛 n．wool→羊毛的 adj.woolen
12．流血 vi.bleed→血 n．blood
13．断的，破的 adj.broken→使破裂 vt.break
14．减轻，宽慰 n．relief→使宽慰 vt.relieve
15．躲避 vi.shelter
16．学者 n．scholar
17．长凳 n．bench
18．家庭主妇 n．housewife
19．邮政编码 n．postcode
20．天文学 n．astronomy
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
21．give sb.a hug 拥抱某人
22．be upset about...对……感到不安
23．on one’s own独立地；单独地，独自地
24．at the moment此刻
25．在山顶at the top of the mountain
26．弄破，坏掉get broken
27．令某人欣慰的是to one’s relief
28．把……从……分开separate...from...
29．shelter...from...保护……免于……
30．出国go abroad
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题8分，满分40分)
31．I saw she had tears running down her cheeks at lunch today and one of the other teachers gave her a hug.
今天午餐时我看见她泪流满面，另外一个老师拥抱安慰她。
32．Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.
他们的朋友真的很难过，并且一直在焦急地等待更多的消息。
33．Or they could have gone exploring on their own and lost their way back to the group.
或者他们可能独自去探险，后来在返回队伍时迷了路。
34．It’ll be a real relief when they’re found.
找到他们将会是真正的解脱。
35．Perhaps the postcode was wrong，and that’s why the letter never arrived.
或许邮政编码错了，那就是信没有到的原因。
重点词汇
Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.
他们的朋友真的很难过，并且一直在焦急地等待更多的消息。
upset adj.不安的，不快的；vt.使心烦意乱；打翻；打乱；推翻
※be upset about对……感到烦恼/不安 be upset that...苦恼于……※It upset(s) sb.that...让某人不安的是…… It upset(s) sb.to do...做……让某人不安注意：(1)upset为表语形容词，非定语形容词。 (2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset。 (3)upset的现在分词形式为upsetting。


[图解助记]

(1)She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.(2018·天津)
她心烦意乱，没有在真正的博物馆花太多时间。
(2)The boy was so careless as to upset the cup beside the computer.
这男孩太粗心了以至于打翻了电脑旁边的杯子。
(3)She was upset about the way her husband treated their children.
丈夫对待孩子们的方式让她感到不安。
(4)It upsets me to think(think) of her all alone in that big house.想到她孤身一人守着那所大房子，我就感到不舒服。
I wonder how they got lost and whose fault it was.
我想知道他们是怎样迷路的，过错又是谁(造成)的。
fault n．缺点；错误；过失；责任
find fault with sb./sth.挑某人/某物的毛病 It’s not one’s fault that...……不是某人的过错。

(1)He’s proud of his children and blind to their faults.
他为孩子们感到自豪，对他们的缺点视而不见。
(2)It was not our fault that we were late for such an important meeting.
这么重要的会议我们迟到了，不是我们的错。
(3)She was highly self?critical and also found fault with her friends.她对自己极度吹毛求疵，并且也挑她的朋友们的毛病。
Or they could have gone exploring on their own and lost their way back to the group.
或者他们可能独自去探险，后来在返回队伍时迷了路。
on one’s own (作状语)独自，靠某人自己；(作表语)靠自己(生活等)，独自一人



(1)We couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own.
我们不能离家足够远或足够快来证明我们能独立地做这件事。
(2)Ever since her father’s death，Mary has lived on her own.自从玛丽的父亲去世后，她就独自生活。
[易混辨析]　on one’s own，of one’s own
※on one’s own单独地，独自地，一般用作状语。
※of one’s own属于某人自己的，一般用作定语。
[选词填空]　on，of
(3)One day I want to have a horse of my own.
(4)Although her father was in the firm，she got the job on her own.
[句型转换]
(5)He doesn’t want to be alone.
→He doesn’t want to be by himself.
→He doesn’t want to be on his own.
lose one’s way迷路；迷失方向
fight one’s way奋力前进 feel one’s way摸索着前进 force one’s way强行前进 make one’s way前进 find one’s way to...找到去……的路

(6)Unluckily，the driver lost his way because of the heavy fog.
不幸的是，那个司机因为大雾迷路了。
(7)The blind often feel their way by a walking stick.
盲人通常靠拐杖摸索着前行。
(8)The old man forced his way in the crowded people.
这位老人在拥挤的人群中强行前进。
(9)We made our way to the coast and then by sea to France.我们到达了海岸，然后坐船去了法国。
(10)Can you find your way to the post office?
你能找到去邮局的路吗？
They might be sheltering in a cave.
他们可能正躲避在一个山洞里。
shelter v．躲避；庇护；为……提供避难所；n.庇护，掩蔽；栖息之处
※shelter from...躲避……(风、雨或危险) shelter...from...保护……以免……※take shelter避难 take shelter from the rain/wind/bad weather躲避雨/风/恶劣的天气

(1)The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow.
他做的第一件事是找到躲避寒风和大雪的地方。
(2)They just want to shelter their kids from every kind of danger.
他们只是想保护自己的孩子免遭任何形式的危险。
(3)We took shelter from the rain in a nearby café.
我们在附近的一家咖啡馆避雨。
It’ll be a real relief when they’re found.
找到他们将会是真正的解脱。
relief n．减轻；宽慰
※to one’s relief令某人欣慰的是 with relief欣慰地；如释重负地 It’s a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的。※relieve vt.减轻；解除；救援 relieve sb.of...减轻某人的……；将某人从……中解脱出来

(1)Moth was diagnosed with a serious disease.There was no cure，only pain relief.(2018·江苏)
莫斯被诊断出得了重病。这种病无法治愈，只能缓解疼痛。
(2)To our great relief/Much to our relief，the children all arrived home safely.
令我们大为欣慰的是，孩子们都安全到家了。
(3)The new secretary will relieve us of some of the paperwork.
这位新秘书会使我们减轻一些文案工作。
[高级表达]
(4)Some young people arrived and they relieved us of great pressure.(用非谓语动词改写)
→Some young people arrived，relieving us of great pressure.


经典句式
I saw she had tears running down her cheeks at lunch today and one of the other teachers gave her a hug.
今天午餐时我看见她泪流满面，另外一个老师拥抱安慰她。
※本句中的had tears running是“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构，此处是现在分词作宾补，意为：让/使……保持某种状态，让……一直做某事(用于否定句时表示“容忍，允许”)。※have sb.do...让某人做……(sb.与do之间是主谓关系)※have sth.done 让(他人)为自己做某事；遭遇某事(sth.与do 之间是动宾关系)※have sth.to do有某事要做，have意为“有”，to do在句中作后置定语。

(1)It was cold，and she had the fire burning day and night.天那么冷，她让火日夜燃烧着。
(2)We can’t have people arriving(arrive) late all the time.我们不能允许有人总是迟到。
(3)We will have the gardener plant(plant) more flowers and trees.我们会让园丁种更多的花和树。
(4)He had his wallet stolen(steal) on his way home.
在回家的路上，他的钱包被人偷了。
[单句改错]
(5)Who would you like to have to repair your bike？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I broke my relationship with John because he always found fault with me.
2．Because of his carelessness，he made the old vase broken(break)．
3．For many people the old temple was a shelter from storms and we often took shelter there.
4．As a matter of fact，there’s no point getting upset about it.
5．As we joined the big crowd，I got separated(separate)from my friends.
6．We should teach the students to have the ability of solving problems on their own.
7．The angry wife told her husband that she wouldn’t have him smoking(smoke) in the bedroom.
8．My brother brought me some pills，which helped relieve me of my headache.
9．Cathy is taking notes in class at Sunshine School，where she has been studying(study) English for a year.
10．The woman was lying on the ground，bleeding(bleed) heavily.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．He could have caught the airplane，but he met a traffic jam.
他本来能够赶上飞机，但他遇到了交通阻塞。
12．It was a great relief to find that his family were all safe after the earthquake.
地震后发现他全家都很安全真是一大慰藉。
13．He might be doing his lessons now.
现在他也许正在做功课吧。
14．I have been waiting for you for a long time.
我已经等你很长时间了。
15．Take your time! I’ll have the car waiting outside.
不用太着急了！我会让车一直在外面等着的。
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The boy liked stars while he was young，so he majored in astronomy(天文学) at college.
2．When the results came，I was upset(不快的) because I failed the exam again.
3．I won’t make an apology to her，for it’s not my fault(错误) this time.
4．News of their safety came as a great relief(宽慰) for all of us.
5．Hearing the bad news，she had tears rolling down her cheeks(脸颊)．
6．The first thing she did after the game was give her coach a hug(拥抱)．
7．Two girls were sitting on the bench(长凳)，talking to each other happily.
8．He was a famous scholar(学者)，and he often went to foreign countries.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9．The boy got his left leg broken(break) while playing football on the playground.
10．We all sighed with relief when the plane finally landed safely.
11．The father was upset about his son’ s bad performance at school.
12．She was so angry that she tore the letter into pieces.
13．Led by the experienced guide，we won’t get lost(lose)in the forest.
Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
14．It was relief to see that my wallet was safe when I returned to my car.
15．These young plants must be sheltered direct sunlight.
16．Word came that her son was badly injured and she burst into .
17．The man heavily has just climbed out of the burning house.
18．Several were sitting on the line，singing happily.
Ⅳ.完成句子
19．To our relief，our children are all leading a happy life.(relief)
让我们感到欣慰的是，孩子们都过得很好。
20．You have been making mistakes.What’s the matter with you？(have been doing)
你一直在犯错。你怎么了？
21．My mother asks us to eat more fruit，but she won’t have us eating too much meat.(have sb.doing...)
我妈妈让我们多吃水果，但是不允许我们吃太多肉。
22．The young man hopes that he can set up a company on his own in the future.(on one’s own)
这个年轻人希望将来能独自建立一家公司。
23．It’s hard to separate these bad apples from the good ones.(separate...from...)
很难把这些坏苹果从好苹果中分离出来。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family’s last vacation.It was my six?year?old son’s winter break from school，and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week?long trip.The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York，so I had to get back.But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay.I took my nine?month?old and took off for home.
The next day，my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes，I encouraged—okay，ordered—them to wait it out at the airport，to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$ 1,600.Not bad，huh?
Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big?time bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
I’ve made a living looking for the best deals and exposing the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade：A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth.I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes，clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer，and it’s the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.
语篇解读　作者通过讲述自己和家人乘飞机的经历说明如何明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更有价值。

24．Why did Delta give the author’s family credits?
A．They had early bookings.
B．They took a later flight.
C．Their flight had been delayed.
D．Their flight had been cancelled.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由第一段第五句“The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知，Delta给作者家每人400美元是因为飞机满员了，所以让作者一家放弃座位，明天再离开。故选B。
25．What can we learn about the author?
A．She is interested in cheap products.
B．She seldom makes a compromise(妥协)．
C．She is very strict with her children.
D．She rarely misses a good deal.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“But as a big?time bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.”可知，作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者很少会错过一笔好买卖的。故选D。
26．What does the author do?
A．She’s a teacher.
B．She’s a housewife.
C．She’s a businesswoman.
D．She’s a media worker.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade.”可知，作者是一位媒体工作者。故选D。
27．What does the author want to tell us?
A．How to spend money wisely.
B．How to reserve airline seats.
C．How to expose bad tricks.
D．How to make a business deal.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意题。文章中作者通过讲述自己和家人乘飞机的经历说明了如何明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更有价值。故选A。
Ⅵ.完形填空
A few years after Mom died，Dad handed me a plastic bag.That evening，I 28 the bag to find dozens of shells，each one 29 in white tissue paper(纸巾) and having Mom’s handwriting.
The shells were pretty 30 ，but to Mom，they were evidence of her endlessly magical life and 31 me of the seashore trip with her.She was 61 when she 32 these shells，and already showing 33 of the lung disease.We knew something was 34 and Mom needed an adventure.She suggested a dinner and a movie.But two friends and I had bigger 35 .
Mom had been to the ocean only twice，but she 36 the seashore.Her kitchen was decorated with souvenirs from those two trips.I told Mom that we would 37 for Jersey Shore.Mom was so 38 that she screamed and Amber，her dog was 39 to jump onto the floor.
One of my favorite 40 on the road was a discussion about movies.Mom often got the titles wrong.“Ohhhh，” she said，“what was that movie about a teacher at the boys’ school？” Before anyone could 41 ，she shouted，“The Dead Man’s Poet！” I looked back and saw a back seat full of 42 .“Mom，” I said.“You mean Dead Poets Society？” “That’s it！” Mom yelled. 43 filled the car.
Once we got to Stone Harbor，she began to 44 the trip，greeting strangers and spending hours gathering shells.The morning we left，I found her photographing every inch of her bedroom.“I don’t ever want to 45 this，” she said.
For a long time，Mom’s shells stayed 46 in a drawer.Last month，I 47 them again while searching for something else.I put them in a visible place as a reminder from a mother who never lost her sense of wonder.

28．A.received B．opened
C．checked D．packed
答案　B
解析　上文说父亲递给“我”一个塑料袋，所以此处指打开塑料袋。故选B。
29．A.folded B．included
C．trapped D．covered
答案　D
解析　此处指每个贝壳都用白色纸巾盖着。cover覆盖。故选D。
30．A.hard B．common
C．heavy D．big
答案　B
解析　句意为：这些贝壳相当普通，但对母亲来说它们是她奇妙生活的见证。句中but表示转折，common普通的。故选B。
31．A.reminded B．required
C．informed D．warned
答案　A
解析　此处指这些贝壳使“我”想起了和母亲一起去海边旅行时的经历。remind sb.of...使某人想起……。故选A。
32．A.moved B．bought
C．collected D．found
答案　C
解析　母亲搜集这些贝壳时61岁了，此处指收集贝壳。collect收集。故选C。
33．A.causes B．risk
C．signs D．record
答案　C
解析　此处指当时母亲已经有了肺病的迹象。sign标志，迹象，征兆。故选C。
34．A.wrong B．missing
C．strange D．boring
答案　A
解析　此处指母亲的身体出了问题。something was wrong指某事出问题。故选A。
35．A.tasks B．changes
C．dreams D．plans
答案　D
解析　此处指“我们”有更大的计划，即下文的去Jersey Shore的旅行。plan计划。故选D。
36．A.understood B．trusted
C．loved D．respected
答案　C
解析　母亲虽然只见过两次大海，但她热爱海滩。love热爱。故选C。
37．A.wait B．head
C．look D．pay
答案　B
解析　句意为：我告诉母亲我们要去Jersey Shore。head for前往……。故选B。
38．A.encouraged B．relaxed
C．determined D．excited
答案　D
解析　此处指母亲听到这个消息后非常兴奋，兴奋到尖叫。excited兴奋的。故选D。
39．A.frightened B．embarrassed
C．disappointed D．pleased
答案　A
解析　由于母亲兴奋地尖叫，所以她的宠物狗被吓得跳到地上。frightened害怕的。故选A。
40．A.debates B．thoughts
C．memories D．questions
答案　C
解析　句意为：在路上我最喜欢的回忆是讨论电影。此处是指回忆过去发生的事情。memory 记忆。故选C。
41．A.concentrate B．continue
C．advise D．answer
答案　D
解析　前面是提问后面是回答问题，所以说在别人回答之前母亲先喊出答案。answer回答。故选D。
42．A.confusion B．worry
C．sadness D．peace
答案　A
解析　因为母亲说的电影名称是错的，所以大家都很迷惑。confusion迷惑。故选A。
43．A.Pride B．Laughter
C．Shouts D．Challenges
答案　B
解析　母亲的行为逗得全车人大笑，所以车里充满了笑声。laughter笑。根据常识选B。
44．A.enjoy B．organize
C．support D．take
答案　A
解析　“我们”到达Stone Harbor后母亲开始享受旅行。根据下文细节描述也可知答案，enjoy享受。故选A。
45．A.decide B．forget
C．believe D．keep
答案　B
解析　此处指离开的那天母亲把房间的每个地方都照了相，为的是不忘记这次旅行。forget忘记。故选B。
46．A.lost B．unexpected
C．unknown D．buried
答案　D
解析　此处指好长时间以来，母亲捡的贝壳被藏在了抽屉里。stay buried in被埋藏在……。故选D。
47．A.hid B．washed
C．discovered D．prepared
答案　C
解析　上个月“我”在找别的东西时又发现了这些贝壳。discover发现。故选C。
Ⅶ.语法填空
Robot teachers are now very popular with pupils in some primary schools in South Korea.48. (compare) with human teachers，the robot teachers are more patient.They never get angry and are always kind to the students.That’s 49. the children can always get on well with their robot teachers.English?teaching robots 50. (send) to three primary schools for eight weeks last December.51. (equip) with a microphone and video camera，the robots teach students as teachers.Researchers found that the English?teaching robots helped raise students’ interests in the language and build up their 52. (confident)．More and more students came to like studying and they got better grades in exams.Meanwhile，other robot teachers,53. can teach math，science and art，have also been developed.Many people think these robot teachers should be used 54. faraway village schools so that the children there can also receive a good education.55. (give) rural school children more learning chances，the South Korean government has expressed great interest in 56. (develop) these robots.No doubt there will be more and more robot teachers working with students.Perhaps they will 57. (complete) replace human teachers one day in the future.Who knows?
语篇解读　本文介绍了机器人老师是如何进行教学工作的以及与人类老师相比其所具备的优势。

48．答案　Compared
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意为：与人类老师相比，机器人老师更有耐心。故用过去分词作状语，表被动。
49．答案　why
解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：那就是孩子们和机器人老师相处得好的原因。
50．答案　were sent
解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的last December可知用一般过去时，robots为复数名词且此处表示被动意义。
51．答案　Equipped
解析　考查非谓语动词。be equipped with...配备有……，此处是过去分词作状语。
52．答案　confidence
解析　考查名词。their后接名词。confidence n．信心。
53．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰other robot teachers，且在从句中作主语，故用which。
54．答案　in/at
解析　考查介词。此处意为“在一些遥远的乡村学校里”，可用介词in或at。
55．答案　To give
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式表示目的。
56．答案　developing
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处in是介词，后接动名词作宾语。
57．答案　completely
解析　考查副词。此处是副词修饰动词replace。completely adv.完全地。




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（5）
Period Five　Lesson 4　First Impressions

Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1．allergic adj.过敏的
2．straw n．稻草，麦秆
3．glare vi.怒视，瞪
4．section n．部分
5．glance vi.瞥一眼
6．steam n．蒸汽
7．file n．档案，文件
8．sigh vi.叹息，叹气
9．grateful adj.感激的，感谢的
10．alike adj.相像的
11．shortcoming n．缺点，短处
12．account n．(银行)账户
13．button n．纽扣
14．parrot n．鹦鹉
15．cage n．笼子
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分)
16．忧虑，担心 n．anxiety→忧虑的，担心的 adj.anxious
17．复习 n．revision→复习 vt.revise
18．口头的，口述的 adj.oral→口头地 adv.orally
19．喜爱文学的 adj.literary→文学 n．literature
20．证实 vt.confirm
21．图书馆管理员 n．librarian
22．不安的；有罪的 adj.guilty
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共13小题；每小题2分，满分26分)
23．对……过敏be allergic to
24．the last straw最后使人受不了的事
25．转身turn around
26．怒视某人glare at sb.
27．拾起，捡起pick up
28．think of想起
29．leave...behind把……落在后面
30．with relief宽慰地
31．禁不住要做某事can’t help doing sth.
32．to be honest说实话
33．figure out弄清楚；理解；算出
34．come off脱落
35．take turns to do sth.轮流做某事
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题9分，满分45分)
36．The first time I met Tom，he seemed to be allergic to everything.
我第一次见到汤姆时，他似乎对一切都很敏感。
37．If necessary，look them up in a dictionary.
如果必要的话，在词典中查一下它们。
38．The more upset I got，the less I was able to concentrate.我越心烦就越难集中注意力。
39．She was standing with a book in her hands near the “English Literature” section.
她手里拿着一本书，站在“英语文学”类图书旁。
40．If Jenny hadn’t been a kind person who was willing to forgive my shortcomings，I would never have experienced such true friendship.
要不是珍妮如此友善，愿意宽容我的缺点，我就永远不会体验到如此真挚的友谊。

Ⅰ.Tell whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F)．
1．When I heard someone singing，I became happy.(　F　)
2．I thought the girl singing behind me was selfish.(　T　)
3．I threw my textbook at the girl because of anger.(　F　)
4．I didn’t return to get my book because I was too tired and upset.(　F　)
5．Jenny brought the book to my home and we had a good time.(　F　)
6．Jenny is friendly and humorous.(　T　)
Ⅱ.Read the passage and answer the following questions.
1．Why was the writer full of anxiety that day?
A．Because she wanted to meet her best friend.
B．Because there was an important oral exam coming near.
C．Because she was annoyed and upset.
D．Because she heard someone singing behind her.
答案　B
2．The writer still hates to think of that moment because she was then.
A．rude B．wrong
C．selfish D．angry
答案　A
3．Jenny telephoned to .
A．make an apology to the writer
B．confirm whether the telephone number was right
C．tell the writer who she was
D．tell the writer she could bring her textbook around for her
答案　D
4．When the writer met Jenny at the convenience store，she felt .
A．grateful B．upset
C．guilty D．both A and C
答案　D
5．From the passage we know .
A．the first impression is not always reliable
B．the first impression is important
C．it is important to give others a good first impression
D．how to give others a good first impression
答案　A

重点词汇
The day that I met my best friend for the first time，I was full of anxiety.
我第一次遇见我最好的朋友那天，心里充满了焦虑。
anxiety n．忧虑，担心



※anxiety about/over...对……的担忧 anxiety for...对得到……的渴望 anxiety to do...对做……的渴望 with anxiety焦虑地※anxious adj.焦急的，担心的，渴望的 be anxious about/for为……担心 be anxious for...渴望…… be anxious to do sth.渴望做某事

(1)She waited for the news with anxiety.
她焦急地等待着消息。
(2)It’s natural that the whole country is anxious for peace.整个国家都渴望和平，这很正常。
(3)He has been training hard and is anxious to enter(enter) for the competition.
他一直刻苦训练，渴望参加这次比赛。
[一句多译]
(4)公众越来越担心城市里的空气污染。
①The public are more and more anxious about/for air pollution in the city.(anxious)
②There is growing public anxiety about/over air pollution in the city.(anxiety)
I glanced at the book’s cover.
我瞟了一眼书的封面。
glance vi.瞥一眼；n.一瞥，扫视
glance at看一眼，瞥一眼 glance down/over/through浏览；粗略地看 at a glance看一眼；立刻 at first glance乍一看，乍看之下 take/have a glance at匆匆看一眼

(1)He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？” 他突然瞥了我一眼，平静地问：“你为什么那样盯着我看？”
(2)He saw at a glance that she was coming.
他一眼就看到她来了。
(3)At first glance the problem seemed very easy.
乍一看，问题似乎很简单。
[易混辨析]　glance，glare，stare
※glance作“看一眼”解，指正在做某事时或匆忙之中迅速地看一眼。
※glare作“怒视”解，指带着愤怒或威胁的神情，使人有一种恐惧感。
※stare尤指吃惊、害怕或深思地盯着看、凝视、注视。
[选词填空]　glance，glare，stare
(4)They didn’t fight，but they still glared at each other.
(5)The boy stared at the broken glass he dropped on the floor and didn’t know what to do.
(6)Since there was little time left，his mother glanced at the newspaper headlines and went out.
I picked up my books，glared at her and whispered angrily，“Thanks to your noise，I’ve been unable to study...”
我拿起自己的书，怒气冲冲地盯着她说：“由于你的噪音，我根本没法学习……”
pick up拿起；捡起；用(车)接；接收(信号等)；获得；(偶然)学会；染上(坏习惯等)；(尤指廉价或碰巧)买到；使身体康复；加快
[一词多义] 　写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思
(1)He picked up his cap and ran away quickly.捡起
(2)We were able to pick up the BBC World Service.接收(信号、声音、图像等)
(3)The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.用(车)接
(4)You can pick up some models very cheaply.(碰巧或廉价地)买到
pick out挑选；认出

(5)It was my brother that helped me pick out the new book that day.
那天是我哥哥帮我挑的这本新书。
After confirming that I was，Jenny said that she had noticed I’d left my book in the library...
在确认是我之后，珍妮说她注意到我把书落在图书馆里了……
confirm vt.证实，证明，确认；认可；批准
confirm that...确认/证实…… It is/has been confirmed that...已经证实/确定……

(1)Before choices are finalised，parents/carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
在选择定下来之前，家长或看护人会被叫来签字，以确认他们的孩子的选择。
(2)When asked，she confirmed that she was going to retire.
当被询问时，她确认说她将要退休。
(3)It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.
已经确定，会议将在下周召开。
[高级表达]
(4)There were so many fallen leaves on the ground，which confirmed that autumn had arrived.(用非谓语动词改写)
→There were so many fallen leaves on the ground，confirming that autumn had arrived.
I was so grateful！我非常感激！
grateful adj.感谢的，感激的
※be grateful to sb.for sth.因某事而感激某人 be grateful to do sth.因做某事而感激 be grateful that...感激……※gratefully adv.感激地

(1)I would be grateful if you could give me a chance.
如果你能给我一个机会，我将非常感激。
(2)We should be grateful to have(have) a job and always do our best.我们应该庆幸自己拥有一份工作，并始终全力以赴做好。
(3)Michael was grateful that the driver sent him home.迈克尔十分感激那位司机把他送回了家。
[单句改错]
(4)Rushing out I called out over my shoulder，“By the way，what’s your name？”
I felt so guilty，but Jenny just laughed and told me she was glad to see that I’d also left my glare in the library！
我感到很内疚，但是珍妮笑了起来，并告诉我她很高兴看到我把自己的怒视也留在了图书馆！
guilty adj.有罪的；不安的，内疚的
※be/feel guilty about/at...对……感到内疚 be guilty of...犯有……罪※guilt n．罪行，罪状；内疚，自责

(1)I feel guilty about/at forgetting her birthday again.我又忘记了她的生日，对此我感到内疚。
(2)It has been confirmed that her son was guilty of theft.已经证实，她的儿子犯了盗窃罪。
(3)I was filled with guilt about having failed to help him.没能帮助他，我心中充满了自责。
I couldn’t help laughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.
听了这话，我禁不住笑了，并邀请她去我家喝杯茶。
can’t/couldn’t help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事，禁不住要做某事
can’t help to do sth.不能帮忙做某事 can’t help but do sth.只能做某事

(1)All of us couldn’t help laughing(laugh) when we heard the funny story.
听到这个好笑的故事，我们全都禁不住哈哈大笑。
(2)I have a meeting to attend right now，so I can’t help (to) do the cleaning.
我马上有个会要开，所以不能帮忙打扫了。
(3)In that situation I can’t help but obey the order.
在那种情形中，我只能服从命令。
[单句改错]
(4)I’m so tired that I can’t help the box for you.
(5)Faced with so much trouble，I can’t help but to turn to my parents for help.
经典句式
The first time I met Tom，he seemed to be allergic to everything.
我第一次见到汤姆时，他似乎对一切都很敏感。
※the first time可以起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。※“It/This/That＋is/was＋the first/second/...time＋that...”是常用句式，从句谓语动词通常使用完成时。※for the first time第一次(在句中作状语)※each/every time每次……

(1)It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是第二次他单独和她外出。
(2)For the first time，I feel good about myself.
第一次我自我感觉良好。
(3)Every time my aunt comes to see me，she brings me some books.
每次我姑姑来看我，都给我带来一些书。
[单句改错]
(4)The first time when I saw this book，I fell in love with it.
She was standing with a book in her hands near the“English Literature” section.
她手里拿着一本书，站在“英语文学”类图书旁。
※句中with a book in her hands是with复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。with复合结构在句中可作定语和状语(表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等)。※“with＋复合宾语”结构的构成：①with＋宾语＋介词短语②with＋宾语＋现在分词③with＋宾语＋过去分词④with＋宾语＋动词不定式⑤with＋宾语＋形容词⑥with＋宾语＋副词

(1)The young woman，with a baby in her arms，was wandering in the street.
这个年轻女人，抱着孩子，在街上游荡。
(2)With the floor wet，I had to stay outside.
由于地板潮湿，我只得待在屋外。
(3)The young man was brought in，with his hands tied(tie) behind his back.
这个年轻人被带进来，双手被绑在身后。
(4)With so many essays to write(write)，he won’t have time to go shopping this morning.
有那么多文章要写，他今天早上没有时间去购物。
[高级表达]
(5)The guide was introducing this old painting and his finger was pointing at it.(用with复合结构改写)
→The guide was introducing this old painting with his finger pointing at it.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety(anxious)．
2．Friday afternoons are often left free for revision(revise) to help students to review what they have learned.
3．He passed judgement on the guilty(guilt) man who was sentenced to death.
4．While shopping，people sometimes can’t help being persuaded(persuade) into buying something they don’t really need.
5．I’m allergic to smoke.It makes me sick and gives me a headache.
6．The girl didn’t like this old city the first time she came here.
7．She said that she was really grateful for what you had done for her.
8．The old couple walked slowly，with their dog following(follow) them.
9．I heard that Tom was ill.If so，I’ll go to see him this afternoon.
10．Answers can be written or presented orally(oral) on tape.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．I couldn’t help noticing your ring；it’s so beautiful!
我没法不注意到你的戒指，它太漂亮了！
12．He was grateful that she didn’t tell his parents about the incident.
他感到庆幸的是她未将此事告诉他父母。
13．The more they talked，the more encouraged they felt.
他们越说越感觉受到鼓舞。
14．He always thinks of his childhood every time he sees the old picture.
每次他看到这张老照片，都会想起他的童年。
15．I can’t go to sleep with the light on.(with复合结构)
灯亮着，我无法入睡。
Ⅲ.课文短文改错
The day that I met my best friend the first time，I was fully of anxiety.I was doing some revision and people kept disturbing her.I heard someone sing behind me，which was so loud as I could recognize the song.It was a girl of the same age as me.I was very angry and leave the library.But I left my more most important textbook behind.I was worrying about it that the telephone rang.It was the girl which annoyed me that noticed it.We got along really well and ever since then we’ve been best friend.
答案
The day that I met my best friend the first time，I was of anxiety.I was doing some revision and people kept disturbing .I heard someone behind me，which was so loud I could recognize the song.It was a girl of the same age as me.I was very angry and the library.But I left my more most important textbook behind.I was worrying about it the telephone rang.It was the girl annoyed me that noticed it.We got along really well and ever since then we’ve been best .

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She and her twin sister are so much alike(相像的) that they even confuse their father.
2．One of his shortcomings(缺点) is that he doesn’t have the courage to overcome difficulties.
3．When I was fifteen，my father asked me to open an account(账户)．
4．We are really grateful(感激的) to the soldiers for their timely help.
5．My sister glanced(匆匆一看) at the watch on the wall and left our house.
6．The two young men stood there，glaring(怒视) at each other angrily.
7．When I found that he was injured in the fire，I felt veryguilty(内疚的)．
8．He gave me a call to confirm(证实) that all the members were ready.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9．The street was quiet with no buses running(run) that morning.
10．The girl gave her parents a call instantly(instant) she got there.
11．I couldn’t help crying(cry) when I saw the long snake lying there.
12．The exam is on and many parents are waiting outside with anxiety(anxious)．
13．They felt guilty(guilt) for not being able to see their parents so often.
14．I came across a piece of shocking news when I was glancing at the newspaper.
15．After the operation，his old father is beginning to pick up now.
16．They felt very grateful for your kindness when they were in trouble.
Ⅲ.完成句子
17．With more people taking part in the voting，the result will be better.(with复合结构)
有更多的人参加投票，结果将会更好。
18．I overlooked this mistake in your paper the first time I read it.(the first time)
我第一次看你的论文时忽略了这个错误。
19．The fact is that the more books one reads，the wiser he will become.(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)
实际上，一个人读的书越多，就会变得越明智。
20．When he went back to his hometown，he couldn’t help remembering his childhood.(can’t help doing sth.)
当他回到家乡时，情不自禁地想起了他的童年。
21．I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into account when judging my examination. (take...into account)
我希望老师在评价考试时考虑到我最近生病的情况。
能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Have you ever run into a careless cellphone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking，texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them.As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising，they have been given a new name—phubbers(低头族)．
Recently，a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight.In the short film，phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones.A doctor plays with his cellphone while letting his patient die，a pretty woman takes selfie in front of a car accident site，and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone.A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.
Although the ending sounds overstated，the damage phubbing can bring is real.
Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it.“Constantly bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck，” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying.“The neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also，staring at cellphones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually，according to the report.
“But that’s not all.Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family.At reunions with family or friends，many people tend to stick to their cellphones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere，”Qilu Evening News reported.
It can also cost you your life.There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death，suffered accidents，and were robbed of their cellphones in broad daylight.

22．For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragraph 2?
A．To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.
B．To advertise the cartoon made by students.
C．To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.
D．To warn doctors against using cellphones while treating patients.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。第二段举了几个玩手机导致严重后果的事例并结合第二段最后一句可知，举这个动画片的例子是为了说明低头玩手机的危害。故选C项。
23．Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?
A．He will cause the destruction of the world.
B．His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.
C．His social skills could be affected.
D．He might get separated from his friends and family.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘Constantly bending your head to check your cellphone could damage your neck，’．..staring at cellphones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually...”可知，长期低头玩手机会对脖子和视力造成危害；第五段又讲了对社交技能的危害，并会导致与朋友、家人关系的疏远。故选A项。
24．Which of the following may be the author’s attitude towards phubbing?
A．Supportive. B．Optimistic.
C．Opposed. D．Objective.
答案　C
解析　观点态度题。纵观全文可知，作者在本文中论述了低头玩手机的种种危害，很明显作者对这个做法持反对态度，故选C项。
25．What may the passage talk about next?
A．Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing.
B．People addicted to phubbing.
C．Some advice on how to use a cellphone.
D．Consequences of phubbing.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。本文讲述了低头玩手机的种种危害，后文很可能将列举减少这些风险的措施，故选A项。
B
As you grow rapidly through your teenage years，you will experience a lot of changes.The changes may seem difficult and they may seem to happen quickly.Don’t panic! You will deal successfully with them! You are a young adult now!
With more responsibility，you will find more freedom to make your own choices.This is a time to be well informed about your choices so that you can make healthy balanced decisions that will help shape your future.You may already know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do.Both situations are fine! Work hard and the right opportunity will present itself to you.
Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices.You will probably want to be independent.But try not to shut your family out of your life.You should learn to think of others even though you are old enough to look after yourself.Your family have been with you since you came into this world.
It is also perfectly natural in this time for you to spend more time with your friends than your family.Choose your friends wisely.A true friend will stand by you no matter what happens.
This period is part of the life cycle.There are some people who will be with you throughout life’s journey and there will be some people with whom you part and go separate ways.Leaving school can be hard.The reality is that you may not ever see all of your classmates again.
You are a young adult.It is your life.No one can live it for you.The choices that you make from now on will be your choices.So making the right choices will be important to you.Life is for living.Enjoy your life wisely!
语篇解读　本文主要介绍了顺利度过青春期、成为一个成年人后诸多方面的变化以及应对措施。

26．What is the best title for this passage?
A．The Choices in Life
B．The Key to Success
C．Say Goodbye to the Past
D．Becoming a Young Adult
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。本文在第一段的最后一句点出主题，然后下文就这个话题进一步进行论述。故D项“成为一个年轻的成年人”最能体现文章的中心。
27．Who do the underlined words “some people”(Paragraph 5) probably refer to?
A．Your parents. B．Your classmates.
C．True friends. D．Your relatives.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。由第五段中的“Leaving school can be hard.The reality is that you may not ever see all of your classmates again.”可知，此处指“你的同学们”。
28．The author thinks teenage years are .
A．a period of complete freedom
B．too hard for young people to get through
C．an important time for the young to make the right choices
D．a very important period for young students to leave their parents
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。由第二段第二句“This is a time to be well informed about your choices so that you can make healthy balanced decisions that will help shape your future.”可知，这是一个作出关乎你一生的重要决定的时刻。故选C项。
29．Who is the passage mainly written for?
A．Teenagers. B．Teachers.
C．Young parents. D．Adults.
答案　A
解析　写作对象题。根据文章开头“As you grow rapidly through your teenage years，you will experience a lot of changes.”可知，本文是写给青少年的，故选A项。
Ⅴ.七选五
If something that you’re doing doesn’t challenge you，then it doesn’t change you.We all need some normal stress in our lives，after all. 30 So challenge the following limits：
?Figure out what you’re scared of and do it continuously.
If you’re a salesman，and you’re scared of talking to people personally or over the phone，now，instead of being scared and thinking you’ll fail，spend at least five minutes a day to pick up the phone and make a call. 31 But don’t stop on the first try！Eventually，you can look at fear in the eyes and say，“Go on，I’m not scared！”
? 32
Make sure this hobby is not linked to your career；you have to relax and relieve your stress while performing this.Some examples might be cooking，sewing，painting and so on.Apart from helping you challenge yourself，taking a class for your hobby may also give you extra income.
?Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.
33 A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.Exercise can not only help you maintain your regular weight，but also make you feel better about yourself.
?Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.
Don’t just limit yourself to your fellow travelers—try to connect with the service staff.You never know what kind of people they’re going to be.Get out of your house or go online right now to book your class. 34
A．You should do it continuously.
B．Someone may hang up on you.
C．You don’t need to go to the gym.
D．Running in the gym may be a better choice.
E．Start to travel now and learn to challenge yourself.
F．Take a class for a hobby you’ve been wanting to develop.
G．You can never see any improvement if you stick to your comfort zone.

30．答案　G
解析　根据上文中的“If something...We all need some normal stress in our lives，after all.”和下文中的“So challenge the following limits”可推知，生活中有些压力和挑战才会使我们有所进步，所以选G。
31．答案　B
解析　根据空前的“make a call”和下文中的“But don’t stop on the first try！”的转折可推知，作为推销员，主动给他人打电话，有可能会被挂断，但是不要气馁，所以选B。
32．答案　F
解析　根据本段内容和其中的“hobby”和“taking a class”可知，本段主要讲的是培养个人的兴趣爱好，所以选F。
33．答案　C
解析　根据本段主题句“Set aside at least nine minutes a day for physical exercise.”并结合下文中的“A simple 9-minute run around your neighborhood can do wonders for yourself.”可知，本段建议每天做些锻炼，仅仅九分钟的短时间锻炼就非常有益，而短时间的锻炼是不必要去健身房的，所以选C。
34．答案　E
解析　根据本段主题句“Travel and allow yourself to be interested in new people.”并结合本文的主题“挑战自我”可推知，选项E的内容符合语境，所以选E。
Ⅵ.短文改错
Hello，boys and girls! Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and classmate.Don’t panic or get out of line，and trying to remain quiet and calmly.Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt，tell your teacher immediately.
答案
Hello，boys and girls! Today，I am going to talk what you should do when a fire alarm off.If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and .Don’t panic or get out of line，and to remain quiet and .Soon the firefighters will come and put out fire.If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead back to the classroom.If you notice that when someone is missing hurt，tell your teacher immediately.




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（6）
Period Six　Communication Workshop，Culture Corner &
Bulletin Board

重点词汇
...you can refer to physical appearance as you make comments……
评论时你可以参考人的外表
refer to参考；涉及；指的是；提到
[一词多义]　写出下列句子中refer to的汉语意思
(1)We all agreed not to refer to this matter again.提及
(2)It’s wrong of you to refer to your notes while taking an exam.参考
(3)I wasn’t referring to you when I said that.指的是
(4)His new novel refers to Asian problems.涉及
refer...to...将……提交给…… refer to...as...把……称为/当作……

(5)His new proposal was referred to the head office.
他的新建议被提交到了总部。
(6)As we all know，English is referred to as a universal language.
我们都知道，英语被称为世界语言。
It’s difficult to judge but we thought they might be in the same class and that they were discussing a problem.
这很难判断，但我们认为他们很可能在同一个班级，并且他们正在讨论问题。
judge vt.评判，审判，判断；估计，猜测；n.法官；裁判
※judging from/by根据……来判断 as far as I can judge据我判断 judge...from/by...从……来判断※judgement n．判断力；审判，判决 make a judgement on对……进行评判

(1)The economic impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.(2018·江苏)
艺术的经济影响经常被忽视和错误地判断。
(2)Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.从他所说的话来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。
(3)As far as I can judge，she is a person we can depend on.据我判断，她是我们可以依靠的人。
(4)She showed a lack of judgement(judge) when she gave Mark the job.
她给马克这个工作说明她缺乏判断力。
She never watches TV except for the news.
除了新闻，她从不看别的电视节目。
except for除……之外
(1)Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes.
你的作文写得很好，美中不足的仅是几处拼写错误。
(2)She is pretty except for the fact that her mouth is too big.
除了她的嘴巴太大之外，她是很漂亮的。
[易混辨析]　except，except for，except that
※except表示从所提到的人或事物中除去，即排除同类中的一分子或从整体中除去一部分，表示递减的概念，含义是否定的。
※except for主要有两层含义：①表示不同类别事物进行比较；②表示人或物在总体上是好的，只是其中的某个细节或某个环节不尽如人意。
※except that用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的情况，其后需接从句。
[选词填空]　except，except for，except that
(3)Everybody except Tom was able to answer the question.
(4)I know nothing about her except that she is from Australia.
(5)The suit is good except for its price.
She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.
她花费大部分时间照顾她的邻居。
devote vt.献身于；专心致志于
※devote...to...把……投入到/奉献于…… devote oneself to献身于，专心致力于※devoted adj.忠实的 be devoted to...专心致力于……，献身于……，忠于……※devotion n．[U]奉献；热爱；忠诚

(1)The emotional，physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending.
妈妈们投在孩子身上的感情、体力和精力可能是无休止的。
(2)Mothers’ devotion(devote) to children can hardly be calculated.
母亲对孩子的奉献几乎无法计算。
[单句改错]
(3)He intends to devote his life to the sick in India.
This has led to the idea of national types.
这就产生了关于民族类型的观点。
lead to导致；通往(to是介词)
lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事；引领某人做某事 lead sb.to...带领某人去……地方 lead a...life过……的生活

(1)It was his carelessness that led to his failure in the test.是粗心导致了他考试的失败。
(2)It is a path leading to the top of the mountain.
这是一条通向山顶的小路。
(3)He decided to lead a new life after the unusual experience.
这次不寻常的经历之后，他决定过一种新的生活。
[单句改错]
(4)What led you to your mind at the last minute?

经典句式
As long as national types are not taken too seriously，it’s fun trying to guess a person’s nationality from their personality.
只要不把民族类型看得太认真，试着从一个人的个性猜测他的国籍还是很有趣的。
※as long as意为“只要”，在句中引导条件状语从句。也可以写成so long as。※as long as还可译为“和……一样长”，但so long as仅用在否定句中。※引导条件状语从句的连词和词组还有：if，unless，only if，on condition that，in case (that)，provided/providing (that)，suppose/supposing (that)等。

(1)As long as there is life，there is hope.
只要有生命，就有希望。
(2)Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years!
一些科学家甚至说我们能活长达130年！
[一句多译]
(3)只要你好好保管，我就把车借给你。
①I will lend you my car as/so long as you can take good care of it.
②I will lend you my car on condition that you can take good care of it.
Nationalities may influence personalities，but at the end of the day，people are themselves，no matter where they come from.
国籍可能会影响性格，但无论他们来自哪里，最终人们还是他们自己。
※no matter无论，不管，后面常跟how，what，who(whom)，when，where，which等疑问词，意为“无论多么；无论什么；无论谁；无论何时；无论哪里；无论哪一个”。※“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句时，可与however，whatever，whoever/whomever，whenever，wherever，whichever等词互换。※“no matter ＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词＋-ever”既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句。

(1)But no matter how rich they were，Dawson was never comfortable.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
但是无论他们多么富有，道森市都不是一个舒服的地方。
(2)No matter what/Whatever I do in this company，I can’t make him satisfied.
无论我在公司里做什么，都无法使他满意。
(3)I’ll have a talk with whoever is in charge of this company.我要和掌管这家公司的人谈一谈。
[一句多译]
(4)无论我走到哪里，我都会想念我的祖国的。
①No matter where I go，I will miss my motherland.
②Wherever I go，I will miss my motherland.
(5)我要把这本书给第一个到达这里的人。
①I will give this book to anyone who arrives here first.
②I will give this book to whoever arrives here first.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．No matter who you may be，you have no right to change others’ decisions.
2．I’ll accept any job as/so long as I don’t have to get up early every morning.
3．Judging(judge) from what you said in your letter，you’re getting along well with your classmates.
4．We should look up to him as a shining example of devotion(devote) to duty.
5．The discovery of atomic energy has led to benefits and disasters.
6．She remembered nothing about him except that his hair was black.
7．All the approaches to the airport were blocked(block)by the police.
8．The person that I was referring to was not the woman’s son.
Ⅱ.完成句子
9．You will achieve your goal sooner or later as long as you keep on doing it.(as long as)
只要你一直坚持，你迟早会实现目标的。
10．The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing in one corner.
这个房间里除了角落里的一个书架外，什么也没有。
11．Li Qiang spends two hours practicing his oral English every day.
李强每天花费两个小时练习英语口语。
12．They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year，whatever difficulty they might have.
他们答应不管可能会有什么困难，他们都会在今年年底开发一个软件包。
13．The famous scientist devoted most of his time to his research.
这位著名科学家把他的大部分时间都奉献在了他的研究上。

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The brave soldier was killed in the battle，but his spirit will live on forever(永远)．
2．The old man is respected by local villagers for his devotion(奉献) to the children here.
3．When a rabbit saw the carrots(胡萝卜)，it became very excited.
4．It seems like a good idea，but without knowing all the facts it’s hard to judge(判断)．
5．Several satellites(卫星) have been sent up by China in the past few years.
6．They walked four blocks(街区) down High Street and then found the big park.
Ⅱ.选词填空

7．The sweet song was popular with us that year.
8．When I entered college，I began to take politics seriously.
9．Judging from his accent，we could tell that he was from the south.
10．He was always making mistakes.As a result，he lost his job.
11．You will get promoted sooner or later as long as you work hard.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
12．In the end they went to a wise man to ask him to make a judgement(judge)．
13．When I looked up，my husband was chewing(chew) a piece of hard meat.
14．They will hold a big party in appreciation of his devotion(devote) to this family.
15．The boy ate little this morning，for the soup cooked by his mother was too salty(salt)．
16．Jane is a great traveling companion(company)—funny and sensible at the same time.
17．I hesitate to ask(ask) you，but will you lend me your car for a few days?
18．He walked straight and sat in the seat reserved(reserve) for an old professor.
19．This means not crying(cry) or showing any feelings in difficult or sad situations.
Ⅳ.完成句子
20．The children are busy preparing for the final exam these days.(be busy doing...)
这些日子孩子们正忙着准备期末考试。
21．Anyone is welcome here，no matter where he comes from.(no matter...)
任何人来到这个俱乐部都是受欢迎的，无论他来自哪里。
22．He was late for the meeting.This is because he was caught in the traffic jam.(This is because...)
他开会迟到了。这是因为他遭遇了堵车。
23．He is always feeling shy and less confident when communicating with others.(when doing...)
当与别人交流时，他总是觉得害羞和不自信。
24．She is late again！It is typical of her to keep others waiting.(typical)
她又迟到了！让别人等是她一直的习惯。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
For Zack，the shave was more than just a way to fund lifesaving research.It was a way to honor his late brother，Taylor Frink.
Taylor，a volunteer firefighter in North Carolina，was killed in a car accident last September.Before his passing，Taylor was an eager supporter of St.Baldrick’s.He went bald(秃头) for the cause in 2015，supporting kids with cancer and raising money to find cures.
As a local hero，Taylor was beloved by the community.When he died，more than 1,000 people attended his funeral to pay their respects.Zack looked up to his brother and this was the reason why he decided to become a junior firefighter himself.Zack remembered everything they did together.
Zack knew his brother had planned to shave again in 2016，so without hesitation he decided to fill his shoes and registered to shave at the local St.Baldrick’s event in Kinston，N.C.
“He was always good-hearted，and I want to make my brother proud，” shares Zack.
As part of Zack’s kindnesses，he raised more than $ 1,000 for the St.Baldrick’s Foundation primarily by selling T-shirts he designed.Leading up to the event，Zack also visited his city council，commissioner’s office and challenged the local official department to get involved.
“We are not going to let Taylor’s name be forgotten.That is what I love about St.Baldrick’s，” says Jean Culbreth，volunteer event organizer.“Zack gets it.He gets that what he is doing is keeping his brother’s name alive.”
The day finally came and Zack took his seat under the clippers(剪具)，not only to honor his brother but to help kids with cancer.It was a special moment for all，and by the end of the day the event had raised more than $22,000!
语篇解读　本文为记叙文，主要介绍了一对兄弟为了帮助癌症儿童筹集资金寻找治愈方法的感人故事。

25．Why did Taylor Frink go bald?
A．He suffered from cancer.
B．He wanted to attract people’s sympathy for him.
C．He wanted to help raise money for cancer cures.
D．He wanted to look cooler.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He went bald(秃头) for the cause in 2015，supporting kids with cancer and raising money to find cures.”可知，他剃光头是为了筹集资金资助患癌症的孩子寻找治疗的方法。故选C项。
26．What did Zack do to show honor to Taylor?
A．He sold clippers to raise money.
B．He followed Taylor’s example.
C．He decided to work at St.Baldrick’s.
D．He persuaded his workmates to join his cause.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。通读全文可知，扎克敬重他的哥哥，他记得和他哥哥一起做的每一件事。为了效仿哥哥，他为圣巴德里克基金会筹集了1 000多美元，并剃了光头，像他哥哥一样帮助患癌症的孩子，最后还为此筹集22 000多美元。由此可推断出扎克以他哥哥为榜样，继续做同样的事，故选B项。
27．What can we learn from the text?
A．Zack tried to get official support.
B．Zack designed T-shirts for children with cancer.
C．Zack raised more than $22,000 by selling his T-shirts.
D．Zack worked hard for St.Baldrick’s to get his name remembered.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第六段最后一句“Leading up to the event，Zack also visited his city council，commissioner’s office and challenged the local official department to get involved.”可知，扎克还访问了市政委员会和专员办公室，并请求当地政府部门介入。由此可推知A项(Zack试图得到官方支持)符合题意。
28．What Jean Culbreth says shows .
A．the result of the volunteer event
B．the reason for raising money
C．the meaning of Taylor’s death
D．the aim of Zack’s behavior
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Zack gets it.He gets that what he is doing is keeping his brother’s name alive.”可知，扎克做到了。他明白了他所做的事情是一直让他哥哥的名字永存。故选D项。
Ⅵ.完形填空
As a child，I was afraid of everything.At the age of 8，I even became 29 of getting Halloween candy. 30 ，on October 31，my twin brother and I went out and 31 to every house in the neighborhood.Most of the houses only had a few steps to the door.It was easy.However，when we 32 one of the bigger houses with 10 tall steps 33 to the front door，which were known to have the best candy，my fear 34 me.My brother was already up the stairs，while I stood 35 at the bottom.
It was 36 that I’d be able to climb all that way，for I was afraid that I might fall over in the dark and 37 my bag of candy.I might 38 my clothes on something.I wanted the candy，but there was no 39 I would go up those stairs to get it.I failed.I lost more than just candy.I lost my 40 .
Fear of the unknown 41 me for a long time.After six years in nursing，I was 42 with the career I had chosen.I faced a 43 ：step out into the unknown or 44 the rest of my life at the bottom of those steps，never 45 the best candy.
Finally，with only $100 in my savings account，I started my own business.Whenever I would lose a client，the old fear 46 .However，I’d tasted the candy，and now I don’t 47 when I face difficulties.I believe that，though 48 things can happen when we step out，worse things happen when we don’t.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者小时候因为害怕而不敢爬上台阶，从而得不到万圣节糖果。多年后，作者终于走出了恐惧，不再害怕任何困难。

29. A．happy B．afraid
C．fond D．tired
答案　B
解析　根据上文“As a child，I was afraid of everything.”可知，“我”甚至害怕(afraid)收到万圣节糖果，故B项正确。
30. A．Hardly B．Certainly
C．Normally D．Approximately
答案　C
解析　上文说作为一个孩子，“我”甚至害怕收到万圣节糖果，此处是说通常(normally)在10月31日那天，故C项正确。
31．A.rushed B．pointed
C．moved D．travelled
答案　A
解析　根据本空前的“went out”可知，“我”和弟弟匆匆走向(rush)附近的每一所房子，故A项正确。
32．A.knocked B．escaped
C．reached D．entered
答案　C
解析　此处是说我们到达(reach)了一所大房子，故C项正确。
33．A.pointing B．opening
C．belonging D．leading
答案　D
解析　根据上文的“Most of the houses only had a few steps to the door.”可知，这所大房子有十级通向(lead)门的台阶，故D项正确。
34．A.encouraged B．spread
C．prevented D．attracted
答案　C
解析　上文说“我”害怕收到万圣节糖果，再结合下文中的“while I stood at the bottom”可知，此处是说恐惧阻止(prevent)了“我”，故C项正确。
35．A.slightly B．frozen
C．calmly D．happily
答案　B
解析　由上下文语境可知，弟弟已经上了台阶，而“我”还是呆呆地站在下面。frozen呆若木鸡的。故B项正确。
36．A.unluckily B．possible
C．unlikely D．pitiful
答案　C
解析　根据本空后的“I’d be able to climb all that way，for I was afraid”可知，由于害怕，“我”不可能(unlikely)往上爬，故C项正确。
37．A.fall B．lose
C．forget D．drop
答案　D
解析　根据本空前的“fall over in the dark”可知，“我”害怕自己在黑暗中跌倒，丢(drop)了糖果，故D项正确。
38．A.tear B．catch
C．bury D．break
答案　A
解析　根据本空后的“my clothes on something”可知，“我”还害怕什么东西会把衣服撕破(tear)，故A项正确。
39．A.way B．need
C．wonder D．doubt
答案　A
解析　根据上下文语境可知，由于害怕，“我”不可能爬上去拿糖果了，“there is no way that”表示“不可能”，故A项正确。
40．A.bag B．life
C．way D．confidence
答案　D
解析　上文说由于害怕，“我”不敢爬上去了，再结合本空前的“I lost more than just candy.”可知，恐惧让“我”失去了信心(confidence)，故D项正确。
41．A.amused B．controlled
C．helped D．ruined
答案　B
解析　根据本空后的“After six years in nursing”可知，对未知事物的恐惧控制(control)了“我”很长时间，故B项正确。
42．A.impressive B．concerned
C．unsatisfied D．excited
答案　C
解析　根据下文可知，“我”对自己的选择并不满意(unsatisfied)，故C项正确。
43．A.difficulty B．cause
C．fear D．choice
答案　D
解析　根据上文中的“chosen”可知，“我”面临着一个选择(choice)，故D项正确。
44．A.spend B．save
C．escape D．change
答案　A
解析　根据语境可知，“我”面临着一个选择：是走出恐惧还是花费(spend)余生继续这样害怕下去。故A项正确。
45．A.making B．tasting
C．presenting D．buying
答案　B
解析　根据上文内容可知，由于害怕，“我”不敢爬上去，这样就得不到糖果，永远也品尝(taste)不到最美味的糖果，故B项正确。
46．A.reminded B．warned
C．disappeared D．returned
答案　D
解析　根据本空前的“Whenever I would lose a client”可知，当“我”失去一个客户的时候，原来的恐惧又回来(return)了，故D项正确。
47．A.fear B．cry
C．fail D．complain
答案　A
解析　根据本空前的“I’d tasted the candy”可知，“我”终于迈出了这一步，再也不害怕(fear)困难了，故A项正确。
48．A.big B．bad
C．fortunate D．small
答案　B
解析　根据本空后的“worse things”可知，当我们迈出这一步的时候，不好的(bad)事情可能会发生。但如果不迈出这一步，则会发生更糟糕的事情，故B项正确。
Ⅶ.语法填空
It is reported that many middle school students are just not getting enough sleep,49. (especial) during the school week.The problem seems to get 50. (bad) as they get older.Year 7 students sleep 8.4 hours in a school night，and Year 9 students only 6.9 hours.
It’s also reported that not getting enough sleep can cause problems in a student’s life.Many students fall asleep in school or while 51. (do) their homework，so it is not 52. (surprise) that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep.Scientists suggest nine hours a night for middle school students.Of the students 53. feel unhappy and nervous,73% don’t get enough sleep at night.
Why aren’t students getting enough sleep? Many students have one of the following 54. (thing)，like telephone，television，or computer in their bedrooms.
55． (use) them on a school night not only takes their time away from homework，but also makes 56. difficult for them to sleep.As 57. result，many students can’t sleep before 11 pm，yet they must get up early to go to school.
Scientists also suggest that students 58. (avoid) exciting activities for an hour before bedtime.
语篇解读　本文分析了中学生睡眠不足的原因。

49．答案　especially
解析　考查词性转换。此处是副词作状语，意为“尤其，特别”。
50．答案　worse
解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据句中的get older可知，此处用比较级。句意为：随着他们年龄的增长，问题好像变得更糟糕了。
51．答案　doing
解析　考查状语从句的省略。此处是省略句，补充完整为：while they are doing their homework。
52．答案　surprising
解析　考查形容词。此处意为：所以……是不奇怪的。surprising令人惊讶的。
53．答案　who
解析　考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句，修饰the students，且在从句中作主语，故用who。
54．答案　things
解析　考查名词的单复数。one of＋名词复数，意为“……中的一个”。
55．答案　Using
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是动名词作主语。
56．答案　it
解析　考查it的用法。此处用it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的to sleep。
57．答案　a
解析　考查固定搭配。句意为：结果，很多学生在11点前不睡觉。as a result结果。
58．答案　(should) avoid
解析　考查虚拟语气。suggest作“建议”讲时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词用(should＋)do。
Ⅷ.微写作
写作素材(关于如何获得别人的尊重)
1．每一个人都想获得别人的尊重。
2．首先，一个人要想进步和发展就必须正确地评价自己。
3．其次，不但要看到自己的缺点，还要虚心学习别人的长处。
4．不自私自利，也是良好个性的体现。
5．我们应该尽力成为受别人欢迎的人。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用first，second，meanwhile等连接词以及not only...but also...引起的倒装句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Everyone wants to gain others’ respect.First，a person who wants to make progress and develop must assess himself correctly.Second，not only does he have to see his own weaknesses，but he should also learn the strengths from others.Meanwhile，not being selfish is also a good personality.We should try our best to be popular with others.




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（7）
Period Seven Grammar—Past Participles & Modals for
guessing


Ⅰ.过去分词
1．At work，it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
2．Supported by his academic research，Professor Salovey suggests that...
3．People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well.
4．Professor Mayer，recognised by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people’s EQs，recently announced the results of a study on senior high school students.
5．They also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feelings compared to students who had not been involved in the study.
1．以上句中，句1中的过去分词作宾语补足语；句3中的过去分词(短语)作表语。
2．以上句中，句5中为单个的过去分词(disabled)作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；句4中为过去分词(短语)作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。
3．句2中的过去分词(短语)在句中作状语；句5中的过去分词(compared)也是作状语。
Ⅱ.情态动词表示推测
1．I think my French tutor might know one of them.
2．They might be sheltering in a cave.
3．They might have fallen behind.
4．He looks upset.He must be having some problems.
5．I think the old woman must be a nice person.
6．You are wet enough.You must have got caught in the rain.
7．You can’t have failed the exam.
8．He can’t be home now.He just left five minutes ago.
9．He can’t be playing basketball.The teacher is talking to him about his homework.
1．may/might表示“或许”。句1中，may/might be/do是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“或许是/做某事”。句2中，may/might be doing 是对现在正在进行的动作的推测，意为“或许正在做某事”。句3中，may/might have done是对过去情况的推测，意为“或许做过某事”。
2．must表示肯定的推测，意为“一定……”。句4中，must be doing是对现在正在进行的动作的推测，意为“一定是在做某事”。句5中，must be/do是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“一定是/做……”。句6中must have done是对过去情况的推测，意为“过去肯定做过某事”。
3．can’t表示“不可能……”。句7中，can’t/couldn’t have done是对过去情况的推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。句8中can’t be/do是对现在动作或状态的推测，意为“不可能做某事”。句9中can’t be doing是对现在正在进行的动作的推测，意为“不可能正在做某事”。

一、过去分词的用法
1．过去分词作定语
单个的过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面；如果是分词短语作定语，一般放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
We are going to discuss the problem discussed at the last meeting.
我们准备讨论上次会上讨论的问题。
注意：(1)过去分词修饰something，anything，everything，nothing，nobody，somebody，anybody及those等不定代词时，要放在这些词的后面。
Is there anything unsolved?
还有什么没有解决的问题吗？
(2)及物动词的过去分词作定语时，表示一个被动且完成的动作；不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示一个完成的动作。
the fallen leaves落叶
a developed country一个发达国家
注意：1.过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：
(1)语态不同：过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动。
The question given by him was very important.
他给出的那个问题很重要。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
(2)时间关系上不同：过去分词表示动作已经完成；现在分词表示动作正在进行。



2．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
形式 语态

done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生

The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
2．过去分词作状语
(1)作时间状语
Once published，the dictionary will be very popular.
一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。
(2)作原因状语
Deeply moved by the story，the children began to cry.
由于被这个故事深深地感动了，孩子们开始哭了起来。
(3)作条件状语
Given more time，I could do it much better.
如果多给点时间，我会做得更好。
(4)作让步状语
Repaired many times，the car still broke down on the road.
尽管修了许多次，这辆车仍然在路上坏掉了。
(5)作伴随状语
The professor sat there，surrounded by a lot of students.教授坐在那儿，许多学生围着他。
3．过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词可用在下列词的后面作宾语补足语。
(1)表心理状态和感觉的动词，如feel，see，hear，watch等。
Almost no student is seen punished in this school.
在这所学校几乎看不到学生被惩罚。
(2)表“致使”意义的动词，如make，get，have，keep等。
He managed to make himself understood.
他让别人明白了他的意思。
(3)表“希望”“要求”等意义的动词，如want，wish，order，like等。
I want the problem settled tonight.
我希望问题今晚能得到解决。
4．过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语，除了可以用在系动词be之后外，还可用于get，become等之后，表示主语所处的状态。
I was surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.
在比赛中看见小吉米跑得这么快，我非常惊讶。
二、表示推测的情态动词
1．must用于肯定句中，意为“想必是……，一定是……”，表示肯定的推测。
must＋
The ground is rather wet，so it must have rained last night，didn’t it?
地上非常湿，所以昨晚一定下雨了，不是吗？
2．may/might/could用于肯定句中，意为“有可能”，表示不太肯定的推测。
may/might/could＋
Jane might be sleeping at home now.
简现在可能在家睡觉呢。
Your mother might have known the whole truth.
你妈妈或许知道了全部真相。
My friend might be wondering why I won’t attend his party.我的朋友或许正在纳闷，我为什么不去参加他的派对。
3．can表推测时，主要用于否定句和疑问句中；但表示客观可能性时用于肯定句中，常译为“有时也会……，有可能”。
Where can Mary have gone？She can’t have gone to school.It is Sunday.玛丽究竟到哪里去了？她不可能上学去了，今天是星期天。
In spring，it is usually warm here，but sometimes it can be cold.
春天，这里通常很暖和，但有时可能会很冷。
4．“情态动词＋have done”的用法。
(1)can have done表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定，通常用在疑问句和否定句中。
He cannot have forgotten it.
他不可能忘记的。
Can he have gone to his aunt’s?
他可能去了姑姑家吗？
(2)could have done可用来表示推测，意为“可能已经”，也可以表示“本可以做某事而未做”。
He wasn’t at home last night.He could have gone to the movies.他昨晚不在家，可能去看电影了吧。
The accident could have been avoided.
这场事故本来是可以避免的。
(3)should/ought to have done意为“过去该做某事而没有做”，表示说话者“后悔、遗憾或责备”的语气。
I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it was too late.我真后悔浪费了本该努力学习的光阴，但现在后悔已经晚了。
(4)shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done意为“过去不该做某事却(已经)做了”，也表示说话者“后悔或责备”的语气。
I’m sorry for the words；I shouldn’t have said to you like that.
我很抱歉我所说的话，我本不应该那样对你说的。
(5)needn’t have done表示“本不必做某事却已经做了”。
Look，you needn’t have bought those sweaters for me.I have just knitted one.
看，你本不必给我买那些毛衣，我刚织了一件。
5．陈述句中must，can(could)，may(might)等表推测时的反意疑问句。
陈述句部分中的情态动词表推测时，要根据陈述句部分的真实结构，在附加疑问句部分采用与其相符合的助动词形式。
You must be a writer，aren’t you?
你肯定是一个作家，对吧？(对现在情况的推测)
She must be sleeping now，isn’t she?
她现在一定在睡觉，对吗？(对此时此刻正在发生的事情的推测)
He couldn’t have attended your birthday party last night，did he?
他昨天晚上不可能参加了你的生日聚会，对吗？(含有明确的过去时间状语或没有明确的过去时间状语，但谓语动词强调的是过去，视之为对过去情况的推测，附加疑问句部分应采用助动词did。)
He must have studied English for many years，hasn’t he?
他学英语一定很多年了，是不是？(没有明确的过去时间状语且谓语动词强调完成，视之为对现在完成情况的推测，附加疑问句部分应采用助动词have/has。)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged(challenge)．(2018·全国Ⅲ)
2．To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江)
3．George can’t have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.(2016·浙江)
4．Ordered(order) over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016·北京)
5．In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.
(2016·江苏)
6．It was really annoying；I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had recommended.
(2016·天津)
7．I needn’t have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(2015·天津)
8. Raised(raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(2015·重庆)
9．Absorbed(absorb) in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching.(2015·天津)
10．You must be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.(2015·重庆)
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1．In their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden.
(2017·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)
2．Mom was grateful and .(2016·四川，短文改错)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Facing the puzzling situation，the sales manager looked puzzled.(puzzle)
2．Founded(found) in 1993，the EU，together with the US，is one of the two largest economies in the world.
3．I didn’t know the girl suspected(suspect) of having taken the money.
4．She looks worried(worry) these days.What do you think has happened to her?
5．Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left.
6．Hongcun，filled(fill) with lakes and beautiful Anhui?style buildings，is 900 years old.
7．I had a special experience last night.My car engine suddenly stopped in the middle of a deserted(desert) road.
8．Another tradition is to have their photographs taken(take)．
9．In the end，each graduate received a pocket?size copy of the Constitution signed(sign) by Roberts.
10．Hearing the news，he became very sad and disappointed(disappoint)．
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．The old lady must be tired after the long walk now.
走了这么长的路，那位老太太现在肯定累了。
12．You shouldn’t have told her the truth yesterday，did you?
昨天你本不该告诉她事实的真相，不是吗？
13．You could/might have done better，but you didn’t try your best.
你本来可以做得更好，但你没尽你最大的努力。
14．The temperature here can reach 39℃ in summer.
这里的温度在夏天有时可能会达到39℃。
15．You needn’t have written so long a composition.The teacher said 100 words would be enough.
你没有必要写这么长的一篇作文。老师说100词就足够了。
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Generally speaking，taken(take) according to the directions，the drug has no side effects.
2．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated(seat) as the plane was making a landing.
3．All of us were moved(move) to tears while listening to the man’s speech.
4．The girl shouted loudly in order to make herself heard(hear) by the audience.
5．Your mother was satisfied with your performance，for she had a pleased(please) look on her face.
6．You must be careful not to let your baby get burnt/burned(burn) by the hot sun.
7．When he entered the room，he found his desk moved(move) by someone.
8．While she was doing some shopping，she had her pursestolen(steal)．
9．Driven(drive) by the rising price of gas，many car owners use their cars less frequently.
10．The manager was satisfied to see many new productsdeveloped(develop) after great effort.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．The missing girl was last found in the park alone.
12．When he woke up，he found himself by some people.
13. herself to the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.
14．The young man of stealing the car was taken to the police station.
15. their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
Ⅲ.完成句子
16．The woman must have done it，for there was no one else in the room.
一定是这个女人干的这件事，因为房间里没有别人。
17．Generally speaking，accidents can happen to any drunken driver.
一般来说，事故可能会发生在任何一个醉酒的司机身上。
18．John looks so sad.He may/might not have passed the exam.
约翰看上去很难过，他可能没有通过考试。
19．The tall building designed by a young man looks so splendid.
由一位年轻人设计的这座高楼看上去很壮观。
20．When asked about his family，the old man always keeps silent.
当被问及他的家庭时，老人总是保持沉默。
能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Stuck in Neutral by Terry Trueman
This novel tells the story of Shawn McDaniel，a 14?year?old boy with brain disease.He is highly intelligent，yet unable to move his muscles or communicate.Through his first?person description，he remains positive about his life，even when people treat him like his brain is damaged.This short novel forces young readers to think about the assumptions they make about people with disabilities，and also addresses euthanasia(安乐死) and quality of life as relevant social problems.
Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt
Frank McCourt’s memoir(回忆录) tells the story of his life growing up as an extremely poor child in Ireland and how he overcame those circumstances.He wrote the story to inspire young readers to make the most of what they have，and call on them to continue trying and overcome any difficulties they may face.
The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch & Jeffrey Zazlow
In 2007，when he was only 46 years old，Randy Pausch suffered from cancer and learned he had only three to six months to live.After giving an inspirational lecture，Pausch co?authored a book named The Last Lecture with Jeffrey Zazlow within a few short months.In spite of his disease，the book is surprisingly encouraging.It encourages young readers to focus on what’s truly important in life.
The Perks of Being a Wallflower by Stephen Chbosky
This story has become a classic clue for its honest look at the everyday lives of teenagers.Through the eyes of the 15?year?old writer，Charlie，the novel details the daily trails that many teenagers face，but it also deals with social problems like drug abuse.It also focuses on the roles that friendship，family and love play in helping us get through difficult times.
语篇解读　本文介绍了四本书的写作内容及其相关背景。

21．What can we know about Shawn McDaniel?
A．He leads a sad life.
B．He likes chatting with people.
C．He is optimistic about his life.
D．He is brain?damaged.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Through his first?person description，he remains positive about his life，even when people treat him like his brain is damaged.”可知，Shawn McDaniel对生活乐观向上。故选C。
22．What does Frank McCourt write his memoir for?
A．To recall his life.
B．To show his childhood suffering.
C．To show his talents in writing.
D．To influence young readers.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He wrote the story to inspire young readers to make the most of what they have，and call on them to continue trying and overcome any difficulties they may face.”可知，Frank McCourt写回忆录是为了激励年轻读者。故选D。
23．What leads Randy Pausch to write The Last Lecture?
A．The importance of following dreams.
B．His inspirational lecture.
C．His suffering from cancer.
D．His limited living time.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“After giving an inspirational lecture，Pausch co?authored a book named The Last Lecture with Jeffrey Zazlow within a few short months.”可知，Randy Pausch 是在发表了一场激励人心的演讲后写了这本书。故选B。
24．Why has The Perks of Being a Wallflower become a classic novel?
A．Because it details teenagers’ daily lives honestly.
B．Because it is written by a 15?year?old teenager.
C．Because it focuses on friendship，family and love.
D．Because it deals with social problems like drug abuse.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“This story has become a classic clue for its honest look at the everyday lives of teenagers.”可知，由于The Perks of Being a Wallflower如实地描述了青少年的日常生活，所以变成了一部经典小说。故选A。
B
At the beginning of this year，I decided I was going to quit Facebook.It was challenging，but I made it.And three months later，I’ve learned a few interesting things.
I’m no longer surrounded by information that I don’t want.I don’t have to look at new baby pictures posted by someone I haven’t spoken to for 10 years，or read different opinions on whether the dress is blue or white.Instead，I can choose to read news，or get together with a friend to talk about her most recent vacation.Life without Facebook is peaceful.
Sure，the first few days I felt strange and uncomfortable.To ease the transition，I replaced some of my Facebook use with things like Instagram and Pinterest.I was also worried I would be missing out socially.As a matter of fact，I do communicate with far fewer people now.But I’m having close relationships with the people that I actively seek out.You can really live without Facebook.
People were shocked.My mom took it pretty hard.“How will I know which city you’re in this week? How do I know who you’re hanging out with？” she asked me after I told her I’d quit Facebook.Friends and family knew about my situation through my Facebook profile.I guess it’s no surprise that going through someone’s Facebook page to stay up?to?date on their lives is preferable to just picking up the phone.
So many of the apps we use every day are tied to our Facebook profiles.Living in San Francisco，Lyft is my primary method of transportation，and though I was able to ask them to keep my account without Facebook，I no longer had a picture in my profile and drivers looked at me strangely when I got into their cars.I can no longer use Getaround—my primary way of getting out of the city—because you can’t use it at all without Facebook.
语篇解读　本文介绍了Facebook在人们生活中的作用。作者讲述了自己放弃Facebook的过程以及母亲的反应，说明了Facebook在人们生活中其实并没有那么重要，没有Facebook的生活也很好。

25．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．Facebook is a good place to read news.
B．It’s a good idea to contact friends on Facebook.
C．Facebook is a dangerous place to share opinions.
D．Some information on Facebook is useless to the author.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“I’m no longer surrounded by information that I don’t want.”及该段最后一句“Life without Facebook is peaceful.”可知，Facebook上的一些信息对作者来说是无用的，作者喜欢没有Facebook的生活。故选D项。
26．According to Paragraph 3，the author thinks that .
A．Facebook isn’t the best social network
B．many people are too addicted to Facebook
C．Facebook isn’t really that important in people’s lives
D．not using Facebook influences people’s emotional health
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As a matter of fact，I do communicate with far fewer people now.But I’m having close relationships with the people that I actively seek out.You can really live without Facebook.”可知答案。
27．Hearing the author had quit Facebook，her mother felt .
A．sad and depressed
B．excited and cheerful
C．surprised and concerned
D．sympathetic and nervous
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“People were shocked.My mom took it pretty hard.‘How will I know which city you’re in this week? How do I know who you’re hanging out with？’ she asked me after I told her I’d quit Facebook.”可知，作者的母亲得知这个消息后很惊讶也很担心。
28．The examples given in the last paragraph mainly show that Facebook .
A．provides many helpful apps
B．runs really deep in people’s lives
C．makes transportation much safer
D．is really popular around the world
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，最后一段的第一句就是该段的主题句：So many of the apps we use every day are tied to our Facebook profiles.下文介绍了“Facebook深深地影响着人们的生活”这个事实。
Ⅴ.七选五
Some people love traveling while some prefer to stay at home.If you don’t love traveling，you can make a change now.Why？ 29 Please read on to know more.
Traveling takes you out of your comfort zone.Your comfort zone is comforting. 30 When you step into new surroundings，you will learn about the world around you.Traveling alone is a great option.Some people might fear being on their own，but it can really help them grow.
31 Are you afraid of water? If you are，go to the beach or a lake.Are you afraid of heights? If so，climb a hill or go to a vista point at the nearest national park.Are you afraid of talking to strangers? If so，go to a new place and talk with people you have never seen.Remember，fear can be overcome.
Traveling is a good way to expand your mind.It gets you out of a routine and makes you use your brain，your ears and your eyes.While traveling，there are a lot of things that have to be taken in：new sights，new flavors，new noises，etc. 32
Have you ever thought about traveling abroad as a volunteer? You can benefit a lot from this kind of trip. 33 Sometimes，you can even get all of your meals and accommodation for free.Volunteer tourism is becoming more and more popular.There are many ways to make a difference and benefit you at the same time.
A．You are exposed to many new things.
B．It is not as expensive as you might expect.
C．All of them require your complete attention.
D．Traveling can help you remove your fears.
E．This kind of trip is really popular with people.
F．Because you can really benefit a lot from traveling.
G．But it doesn’t always give you the opportunity to grow.



语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章告诉我们，旅行会让人们受益匪浅，会帮助人们成长，消除恐惧，开阔视野等。

29．答案　F
解析　根据上一句“If you don’t love traveling，you can make a change now.Why？”可知，如果你不喜欢旅行就要做些改变，为什么要改变呢？对why开头的问题回答一般要用because。可知F项“ Because you can really benefit a lot from traveling.”符合题意，故选F项。
30．答案　G
解析　根据空后的内容可知，独自旅行会让你成长；空前说的是你的舒适区令你非常舒适，可知G项“But it doesn’t always give you the opportunity to grow.”符合题意。且G项中的“give you the opportunity to grow”与本段最后的“help them grow”相呼应。
31．答案　D
解析　空后说如果有让你害怕的事就去一个新的地方，这样你的恐惧就会被克服。因此空处是这一段的概括和总结，即旅行可帮助你克服恐惧。可知D项“Traveling can help you remove your fears.”符合题意，故选D项。
32．答案　C
解析　根据空前内容可知，旅行是开阔视野的好方法。它让你脱离常规，使用你的大脑、耳朵和眼睛。旅行时，有很多事情要注意：比如新的风景，新的口味，新的噪音……。本文中的take in意为“注意到，接纳”。可知C项“All of them require your complete attention.”符合题意，故选C项。
33．答案　B
解析　根据下一句“Sometimes，you can even get all of your meals and accommodation for free.” 可知，作为志愿者出国旅行并没有你想象的那么贵。可知B项“It is not as expensive as you might expect.”符合题意，故选B项。
Ⅵ.短文改错
On January 5th，students in our school visited Robot World，which we saw various robot.It was amazed to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people，included playing chess，playing the piano and drawing pictures.What’s more，the robots were in different kinds and shapes，which made us enjoyable.In addition，that excited me most is the show given by a group of robots.They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage.By visiting Robot World，I have learned a lot of about robots，especial about their functions and shapes.The great human wisdom is so powerful that it make us feel more comfortable live in the world.


答案
On January 5th，students in our school visited Robot World， we saw various .It was to find those robots could do a great number of things just like real people， playing chess，playing the piano and drawing pictures.What’s more，the robots were in different kinds and shapes，which made us enjoyable.In addition， excited me most the show given by a group of robots.They danced just as if they were dancers on the stage.By visiting Robot World，I have learned a lot of about robots， about their functions and shapes.The great human wisdom is so powerful that it us feel more comfortable live in the world.




























































































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2020秋北师大版英语必修五Unit 13 people讲义（8）
Period Eight　Writing—An introduction to a person


1．概念
本单元的写作任务是人物描写。人物描写是对一个人的外貌、性格、爱好以及生平事迹等进行介绍。人物描写的体裁一般是记叙文，有时也以看图作文、表格、书信、新闻等的形式出现。
2．人物描写的一般顺序
开头：对该人物进行简要地介绍，如身高、职业等；
主体：可以按照时间顺序或在事件中的主次地位进行介绍；
结尾：对该人物进行评价或者发表自己的感想。
3．人物描写的主要内容
(1)总体描写：年龄、性别、出生地、家庭及教育背景等；
(2)外表、性格特点以及爱好、特长等；
(3)详细介绍人物的特点以及生平大事等；
(4)对人物进行总体评价。

1．...be born on/in/at...
2．...has a height of...and a weight of...
3．...loves.../His/Her favorite...is/are.../His/Her hobbies/interests are...
4．...is considered (to be) one of the greatest...
5．...is such a learned/strong?minded person that we all...
6．We can learn...from him/her...
7．Well?known as...，he/she...
8．He/She is praised/honored for...
9．...will live in the hearts of...forever.



请你根据以下表格信息，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，简要介绍羽毛球运动员林丹。
姓名 林丹
籍贯 中国福建省龙岩市
出生日期 1983－10－14
身高 1.78米
体重 72公斤
职业生涯 5岁开始打羽毛球；12岁参军；18岁进入国家队；获得过多项国际大赛冠军，包括北京奥运会和伦敦奥运会两枚金牌。
其它 左手握拍；获胜后常常将衣服扔向观众以示庆祝。

参考词汇：羽毛球 badminton

审题
写作要求是介绍著名羽毛球运动员林丹。写作时应注意以下几点：
1．确定文体：这是一篇人物介绍，写作中应注意人物介绍的常规格式；
2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般过去时为主；
3．主体人称：由于是介绍别人，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。
谋篇
第一段：人物情况基本介绍；
第二段：介绍人物的基本经历和取得的成就；
第三段：对人物进行评价。

必备词汇
1．在……岁时at the age of...
2．被……接收be admitted into...
3．到目前为止so far
4．各种各样的a variety of/varieties of/all kinds of
5．庆祝某人的胜利celebrate one’s victory
关键句式
1．林丹于1983年10月14日出生于中国福建省的龙岩市。
Lin Dan was born on Oct.14th,1983，in Longyan City，Fujian Province，China.
2．林丹是一位世界著名的羽毛球运动员。
Lin Dan is a world?famous badminton player.
3．六年后他进入了国家队。
He was admitted into the national team six years later.
4．他的职业生涯开始了。
His professional career began.
5．到目前为止，他在各种各样的国际比赛中获得了很多冠军和荣誉。
So far，he has received lots of champions and honors in a variety of international competitions.
6．他的奖项中包括北京奥运会和伦敦奥运会两枚金牌。
Two Olympic gold medals from Beijing and London are among his awards.
句式升级
1．请把第1句和第2句按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)Lin Dan，born on Oct.14th,1983，in Longyan City，Fujian Province，China，is a world?famous badminton player.(使用非谓语动词)
(2)Lin Dan，who was born on Oct.14th,1983，in Longyan City，Fujian Province，China，is a world?famous badminton player.(使用定语从句)
2．请把第3句和第4句按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)His professional career began six years later when he was admitted into the national team.(使用定语从句)
(2)Six years later he was admitted into the national team，so his professional career began.(用so改为并列句)
3．请把第5句和第6句按下面括号内的提示合成一句话。
(1)So far，he has received lots of champions and honors in a variety of international competitions，including the two Olympic gold medals from Beijing and London.(including...)
(2)So far，he has received lots of champions and honors in a variety of international competitions，among which are the two Olympic gold medals from Beijing and London.(使用非限制性定语从句)

用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇100词左右的英语短文。
参考范文
Lin Dan，born on Oct.14th,1983，in Longyan City，Fujian Province，China，is a world?famous badminton player.He is 1.78 metres tall and weighs 72kg.
Lin Dan started playing badminton at the age of five and joined the army when he was twelve.His professional career began six years later when he was admitted into the national team.He is famous for his left?handed playing style.So far，he has received lots of champions and honors in a variety of international competitions，including the two Olympic gold medals from Beijing and London.After winning a game，he often throws his sportswear to the audience to celebrate his victory.
He is loved by many fans around the world.