Unit 4 Making the news
(建议用时：30分钟)
阅读理解
A
(2019·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for. To help you have fun, we’ve rounded up how to say “Cheers！” around the world.
Who doesn’t dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine. They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their “cheers”： à votre santé！
Is it just us, or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It’s lovely anytime: brunch, to celebrate something, or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend. It originated in Italy’s Veneto region but is now available all over the world. When in Italy, the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China. However, do not use this as a toast in Japan. It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country. If you find yourself in the land of Japan, stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”
If you haven’t been to Ireland—what are you waiting for? It’s the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness. The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but, again, practice makes perfect. Simply say, “Slàinte mhath．”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，如何表达“干杯”体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。
1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？
A．? votre sant?． B．Cin cin.
C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“Just before your first sip, look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’： à votre santé！”可知，在法国，干杯时说“à votre santé！”，故A项正确。
2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The Italian wine. B．A toast from China.
C．A Japanese custom. D．A French expression.
B 解析：代词指代题。根据第三段第四、五句“When in Italy, the most common toast is ‘cin cin’， which has its origins in China. However, do not use this as a toast in Japan．”可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cin cin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country．”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你被赶出酒吧；据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。
3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?
A．It is famous for food.
B．Its language is simple.
C．It makes perfect wine.
D．It is well worth visiting.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第二句“It’s the friendliest place, and one of the funniest on the planet, and the pubs are full of stories, where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness．”可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。
4．What’s the main purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the world?famous wine.
B．To show how to make friends in bars.
C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.
D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.
C 解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段尾句“To help you have fun, we’ve rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world．”为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。
B
(2019·长春监测二)Next time you go shopping, keep in mind that there may be hidden cameras analyzing your habits. According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation, a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior.
With concerns that face?recognition cameras are kind of invasive(侵犯的), British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall(客流量)—by filming people’s shoes. The technology can collect a large amount of personal information. “We have cameras at 50cm off the ground and they point down so they are less invasive than facial recognition，” Duncan Mann, Hoxton’s officer said.
As modern cities get fuller—70 percent of the population will live in urban areas by 2050—cameras and other technologies are taking over public spaces and collecting our data. Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes.
But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy(隐私) is concerned. “Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，” said Renate Samson.
We begin giving away data as soon as we wake up. When we enter the transport system, we are giving away even more details about ourselves through smart cards, mobile phones or credit cards.
Nick Millman, director at a consulting firm, thinks statistics are the key to the privacy concern. He used the example of Google Maps, which is to monitor the flow of traffic in Stockholm. He explained, “It is basically adding privacy controls to statistics so that you only see the data you need to know about．” In this case, Google gets enough data to improve traffic but not so much that it shows individual journey patterns.
【解题导语】 本文主要讨论了在现代生活中，人们对于个人信息以科技途径流失的状况的担忧和可能的解决方法。
5．What is the article mainly about?
A．An introduction to collecting shoppers’ data.
B．The concerns about giving away personal data.
C．The problems caused by imbalanced distribution of population.
D．An invention recording and collecting customers’ information.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“According to a 2015 survey of 150 managers from Computer Services Corporation, a quarter of British shops use facial recognition software to collect data on shopper behavior．”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲的是对于泄露个人信息这一问题的担忧，故选B。
6．The new technology invented by Hoxton Analytics ________.
A．can gather a lot of people’s personal data from their shoes
B．uses cameras fitted on the ground to collect customers’ data
C．has improved the accuracy of facial recognition software
D．offers a perfect solution to customers’ privacy concerns
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“With concerns that face?recognition cameras are kind of invasive(侵犯的), British analysis firm Hoxton Analytics has come up with a new way of measuring footfall(客流量)—by filming people’s shoes. The technology can collect a large amount of personal information．”可知，Hoxton Analytics公司所发明的新技术通过分析客人的鞋子而收集他们的个人信息，故选A。
7．According to the author, cameras in modern cities ______.
A．cause a huge waste of public spaces
B．help reduce the size of population in urban areas
C．are likely to help improve traffic conditions
D．are to avoid crimes and disasters and provide efficient services
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Their purpose is to keep people safe, provide efficient services and prevent disasters and crimes．”可知，作者认为摄像头在现代城市应用是为了避免犯罪、灾难并提供有效服务，故选D。
8．What is Renate Samson’s attitude toward the rise of smart cities?
A．Worried. B．Optimistic.
C．Confused. D．Uninterested.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段第一句“But some are not happy with the cameras as far as their privacy(隐私) is concerned．”可推知，Renate Samson对于智能城市的增加是很担忧的，这与本段最后一句“‘Very few of us have any real concept of what data smart cities are gathering，’ said Renate Samson．”呼应，故选A。
七选五
(2019·沈阳质量监测一)As a senior year student, you may have so many pressures coming from so many directions that you can’t figure out what to do first.
1．________
When you have many things to do and a lot of demands on your time, you can lose sight of what’s important. One of the best ways to see the big picture—what you want out of life—is to lay out your goals.
Pressure points and how to deal with them
Confused or overwhelmed—2．________. Discuss your concerns with a friend, parent or teacher. They may help you find solutions to your problems and worries.
Don’t be too hard on yourself—ease up, take a break and do something you enjoy, daydream, read a book, go out with friends—anything that helps you relax.
Problems, problems, problems—recognize your limits. It’s too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once. 3．________.
Goal?setting tips
It’s important to remember that goals belong to you—not to your parents, your teachers, or your friends. After you’ve set your goals, identify the skills you have to achieve those goals. 4．________， do some research. Try the library, your guidance adviser and teachers, and other people who could help you.
5．________. If your goal is something you no longer want, change it. Identify the barriers to getting your goals. Consider ways to overcome them. Don’t get depressed by a big, long?term goal—see what steps you can take to achieve it and set those steps down as short?term, “doable” goals.
A．Too much to do
B．Balancing goals in life
C．Goals exist to serve you
D．Talk to someone you trust
E．If you’re not sure what skills you’ll need
F．As long as you know what skill is important and what isn’t
G．Choose what’s most urgent and set aside the rest until later
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要为毕业班的学生提出了面对诸多压力时应该先做什么的建议。
1．B 解析：分析空处位置可知，空处应为段落小标题。下文讲的是在你有很多事情要做，并且在时间上有很多要求时，你可能不清楚什么是重要的，顾全大局的最好办法之一是设计你的目标。由此可知B项“在生活中要平衡目标”符合语境。
2．D 解析：根据空后的句子“Discuss your concerns with a friend, parent or teacher．”可知，该空处表示“和你信任的人交谈”，所以选D项。
3．G 解析：根据空前的“recognize your limits. It’s too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once．”可知，同时出现许多问题时，既然没有能力同时处理，那么应该先处理最需要处理的问题，然后再处理其他问题，所以选G项。
4．E 解析：根据空后的“do some research. Try the library, your guidance adviser and teachers, and other people who could help you．”可知，如果你不确定你需要的技能是什么，你可以做研究，可以泡图书馆，可以试着求助于能够帮助你的人，所以选E项。E项中的skills一词照应空前的skills。
5．C 解析：根据空后的“If your goal is something you no longer want, change it．”，如果你的目标是你不再需要的东西，你就改变它，因为目标存在的目的是为你服务的，空处与后面的句子构成因果关系，所以选C项。
短文改错
(2019·洛阳尖子生联考)When I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming. See the images of ice melting and the polar bears habitat being destroyed made me disappointed. I begin to realize it was important to do what we can save the environment. I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin. And she immediate agreed to get it. Besides, she got for me a black one for trash. I now have a recycling bin for waste papers and plastic bottles in my room. I may be just one person, so I feel like I am making the big difference.
答案：
When I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming. the images of ice melting and the polar habitat being destroyed made me disappointed. I to realize it was important to do what we can save the environment. I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin. And she agreed to get . Besides, she got me a black one for trash. I now have a recycling bin for waste and plastic bottles in my room. I may be just one person, I feel like I am making big difference.
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(共77张PPT)
记者；新闻工作者
任务；分配
递交；呈递(文件等)
同事
业余爱好者
更新；使现代化
怀疑的
(进退两难的)困境；窘境
技术(上)的；技巧方面的
故意地
加工；处理
过程；程序；步骤
罪行；犯罪
精确的；正确的
年长的；高年级的；高级的
unusual
eager
acquire
inform
deadline
meanwhile
case
accuse
demand
gifted
department
polish
publish
chief
eager
department
Meanwhile
published
gifted
to acquire
concentrate
concentration
concentrated
guilty
guilt
editor
edition
edit
approve
approval
disapproval
appointment
appoint
assess
assessment
delighted
delight
admirable
admire
assist
assistance
assistant
profession
professional
delight
delighted
assistant
assists
assistance
appointed
appointment
concentration
concentrate
concentrated
profession
professional
admirable
admired
admirable
concentrate on
depend on
accuse ...of
so as to (do sth.)
ahead of
have a nose for...
keep in mind
be eager to do sth.
be supposed to
be happy with
concentrate on
was accused of
so as to
keep in mind
ahead of
depends on
had I felt so happy
is to come true
does she
attach importance to
reading
a number of cases where
to find
assistance
To assist the students to learn/in learning Chinese better
informed
of
informed
more than
inform
in case of
in case
As is often the case
In this case
In no case should we do anything
in
demands
demanding
demanded
(should) work
approve后加of
approving→approved
approval
The teacher gave his approval to us making a video
The teacher approved of us making a video to record our
experiences
to record our experiences
on
studying
concentration
concentrate your mind/attention/yourself on
Concentrate your mind/attention/yourself on
Concentrating your mind/attention/yourself on
in
to
to
into
in
in
in
in
to depend
to deal
depend→depending
depend on it that
rely on, count on
was accused
accused
Accused of stealing money
Charged with stealing money
Never will I forget
Hardly had we left the dormitory
On no condition can we give up our dreams
Not until recently did they encourage
where
where
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where→that/which
where they can gain experience for growth
delighted
admirable
assistants
demanding
gifted
to acquire
was published
to
where
guilty
去掉of
us后加in
去掉must或must→should
supposed前加are
interviewing→interviewed
kept
wrote
had taken
Only by understanding and learning from each other can we
is three years senior to
are eager to learn
has acquired a wide knowledge of his major
will I earn much money but
as
professional
prepared
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interviewed
was accused
deliberately
had tried
but
guilty
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admirable professional skills
concentrates on
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acquire the
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information he needs
The moment
is read and approved
is ready to go
to press
