Unit 3 Under the sea
(建议用时：30分钟)
阅读理解
A
(2019·福建高三质量检查)When was the last time you told someone he inspired you to go to work each morning?
Teachers at Oak Park High School in Kansas City, Missouri, did just that this September, when they pulled individual students out of classes to tell them just how much they appreciated them.
The students’ reactions, which were captured(捕捉) on video and shared on YouTube, a now viral video website, ranged from shy thanks to hugs and tears.
“I have been challenged to find a student who makes me want to come to school every day, ” said one teacher in the video, “and that’s you．”
Jamie McSparin, a teacher in charge of the school’s academy program for at?risk sophomores(二年级学生) and juniors, posed the challenge, writes ABC News.
“Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble, ”McSparin told ABC News．“Any teacher?student interaction always seems to be negative(消极的)，and that was something that bothered me too．No matter if they’re good kids or troublemakers or anything, they always thought they were in trouble, ” she said.
McSparin said she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called “the power of positivity”.
“I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them．I just don’t think we say it enough, ” she told local news outlet WDAF?TV.
It’s safe to say the challenge was effective.
“I feel special, ” said one of the boys in the video．“You should, ” said his teacher．“You are special．”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国一所高中的老师发起一项挑战，将学生单独拉到教室外，向他们表达感激之情的故事。
1．What does the underlined word “posed” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Presented． B．Rejected.
C．Ignored. D．Evaluated.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第五段和第六段可知，Oak Park High School的老师Jamie McSparin发起了这项挑战，并参与其中。present意为“提出”，符合语境。
2．How did the students probably feel when pulled out of the classroom at first?
A．Nervous. B．Thrilled.
C．Curious. D．Encouraged.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段第一句中的“Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble”可知，最初把孩子们拉出来时，他们都认为他们有麻烦了。因此可推断出起初当学生们被拉到教室外时他们感到很紧张，故本题选A。B项意为“兴奋的，高兴的”；C项意为“好奇的”；D项意为“受到鼓舞的”。
3．What inspired McSparin to challenge the project?
A．The trouble caused by students.
B．The need of shooting the video.
C．A seminar named “the power of positivity”.
D．A program related to students’ interactions.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第七段“McSparin said she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called ‘the power of positivity’．”可知，McSparin说她是在今年夏天参加了一个叫作“积极的力量”的专业发展研讨会之后有了这个想法的，故选C。C项中的seminar与原文中的workshop是同义词，意思是“研讨会”；named与原文中的called是同义词，此处属于同义转化现象。
4．What message does this text mainly convey?
A．Challenge is unavoidable in life.
B．Everyone needs to be appreciated.
C．Positivity outweighs negativity.
D．News media contribute to students’ progress.
B 解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容尤其是倒数第三段的内容可知，老师将学生拉出教室，向他们表达感激之情，是因为“每个人都需要被感激”。故本题选B。
B
(2019·陕西部分学校第一学期摸底)Scientists are preparing to launch the world’s first machine to clean up the planet’s largest mass of ocean plastic.
The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch—about 40, 000 metric tons—within five years．In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.
The system, originally dreamt up by Mr．Slat, will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1．8 trillion pieces of plastic．It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.
Mr．Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea．“There were more bags than fish down there, ” he recalls．Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company．Mr．Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone．“We as humanity created this problem, so I think it’s also our responsibility to help solve it, ” he says.
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) covers an area of 1．6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79, 000 tons of plastic, research found last month．Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels.
Ghost gear kills more than 100, 000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys．Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic．Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it’s food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly．Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。
5．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?
A．Waste． B．Ocean.
C．System. D．Machine.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的“collect half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear，such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”。故选A。
6．Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?
A．Fishing vessels.
B．Dolphins and seals.
C．Giant tubes.
D．Abandoned fishing gear.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ‘ghost gear’—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear，such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels．”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。
7．Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?
A．Because they are killed by ghost gear.
B．Because they are suffocated by ghost gear.
C．Because they don’t like eating plastic.
D．Because they are not feeding properly.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，大太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能真正地进食。
8．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．A report about the death of marine life.
B．News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.
C．Information about ocean plastic.
D．The reason for inventing a machine.
B 解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the world’s first machine to clean up the planet’s largest mass of ocean plastic．”点明了文章的主题。故选B。
完形填空
(2019·成都重点中学高三段考)My grandfather gave me the world when he gave me his love．He would have done anything for me, and he was always 1 to busy himself with some project meant for my 2 .
Summer months meant that I could have more fun on my grandfather’s farm away from the 3 of city life．Only a twenty?minute drive from our home, my mother often made the 4 with me into the company of my 5 ．
On one visit that was meant to be short, I enjoyed my childish happiness by 6 snacks and drinks outside my grandparents’ house, where other children 7 to visit friends and family．I was 8 counting the little change though it was far from the aim of my 9 .
My enthusiasm was disappearing, however, when my mother approached to remind me of an appointment I knew I would not be 10 to miss．“But who will sit at my lemonade stand？” I asked Mum, unwilling to 11 .
“I guess you will have to pack it away until another day, ” she replied with 12 ．Mournfully, I began to obey, 13 packing up my lemonade stand.
From the 14 ， where I could see through window, Grandpa came stepping across the grass．He 15 touched my cheek with a rough finger, put my lemonade stand back, seated himself in the chair and 16 a newspaper．“It is a 17 day for lemonade, ” he said．“Hurry back, and we will share some．”
When we 18 later that day, Grandpa was still at my post．The small box where I had begun to place my 19 has no more change than it could be accounted for even if the 20 village showed up for a drink.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”最喜欢到祖父的农场过暑假，远离无聊的城市生活，享受农场生活。在祖父家的外面，“我”可以向过往的孩子们销售零食和饮料，虽然没有挣多少钱，但这样的生活让“我”流连忘返……
1．A．kind B．willing
C．relaxed D．privileged
B 解析：结合该句中的“He would have done anything for me，and he was always ______ to busy himself with some project meant for my ______．”可知，“我”的祖父总是愿意(willing)为“我”的幸福(happiness)做任何事。be willing to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“乐意做某事”，故B项正确。A项意为“体贴的”，C项意为“放松的”，D项意为“有特权的”。
2．A．birthday B．love
C．world D．happiness
D 解析：参见上题解析。
3．A．boredom B．diversity
C．amusement D．laziness
A 解析：根据该句“Summer months meant that I could have more fun on my grandfather’s farm away from the ______ of city life．”可知，夏季意味着“我”可以在“我”祖父的农场里享受更多的乐趣，远离城市生活的无聊(boredom)。B项意为“差异，多样性”，C项意为“娱乐”，D项意为“懒惰”，都与语境不符。
4．A．trip B．drink
C．food D．plan
A 解析：根据该句中的“Only a twenty?minute drive from our home，my mother often made the ______ with me”可知，祖父家离“我”家只有二十分钟的车程，“我”的母亲经常和“我”同行这段旅行(trip)。B项意为“饮料”，C项意为“食物”，D项意为“计划”，都与语境不符。
5．A．grandfather B．father
C．friend D．family
A 解析：根据语境可知，祖父的农场离“我”家只有二十分钟的车程，“我”的母亲经常和“我”一起去陪伴祖父。故选A。
6．A．collecting B．making
C．enjoying D．selling
D 解析：根据该句中的“On one visit that was meant to be short，I enjoyed my childish happiness by ______ snacks and drinks outside my grandparents’ house”并结合下文中的“counting the little change”可知，有一次在祖父家短暂的逗留中，“我”喜欢上了在祖父家的外面向孩子们出售(selling)零食和饮料。A项意为“收集”，B项意为“制造”，C项意为“享受”，都与语境不符。
7．A．passed B．forgot
C．decided D．ran
A 解析：根据该句中的“outside my grandparents’house，where other children ______ to visit friends and family”可知，在祖父家的外面，“我”向经过(passed) 这里去拜访朋友和亲属的孩子们出售零食和饮料。B项意为“忘记”，C项意为“决定”，D项意为“奔跑”，都与语境不符。
8．A．hopelessly B．carelessly
C．excitedly D．cautiously
C 解析：根据该句“I was ______ counting the little change though it was far from the aim of my ______．”可知，“我”兴奋地 (excitedly) 数着这些零钱，尽管它们离“我”努力(effort)的目标还很远。A项意为“无望地”，B项意为“粗心地”，D项意为“谨慎地”，都与语境不符。
9．A．life B．effort
C．work D．reality
B 解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“生活”，C项意为“工作”，D项意为“事实”，都与语境不符。
10．A．advised B．made
C．prepared D．permitted
D 解析：根据该句“My enthusiasm was disappearing，however，when my mother approached to remind me of an appointment I knew I would not be ______ to miss．”可知，然而，当“我”母亲走近并提醒“我”一个“我”知道不允许(permitted)错过的约会时，“我”知道“我”要离开这里了，所以“我”的热情逐渐消失。A项意为“建议”，B项意为“制造”，C项意为“准备”。
11．A．answer B．pack
C．leave D．disappear
C 解析：根据上文中的“I enjoyed my childish happiness by ______ snacks and drinks outside my grandparents’ house”，并结合该句“‘But who will sit at my lemonade stand？’ I asked Mum，unwilling to ______．”可知，“我”不愿意离开(leave)这里。A项意为“回答”，B项意为“收拾”，D项意为“消失”。
12．A．regret B．embarrassment
C．amusement D．anger
A 解析：根据上文内容可知，“我”要赴一个不允许错过的约会，但“我”不愿离开，再结合该句中的“I guess you will have to pack it away until another day”可推知，母亲应是感到遗憾的。故A项符合语境。B项意为“尴尬”，C项意为“快乐”，D项意为“愤怒”。
13．A．gratefully B．delightedly
C．slowly D．hurriedly
C 解析：根据上文内容并结合该句中的“I began to obey，______ packing up my lemonade stand”可知， “我”开始听从母亲的话， 慢慢地(slowly)收拾“我”的柠檬汽水摊位。A项意为“感激地”，B项意为“高兴地”，D项意为“匆忙地”。
14．A．farm B．store
C．house D．car
C 解析：根据该句中的“where I could see through window”可推知，该处指“我”在一间房子(house)里。A项意为“农场”，B项意为“商店”，D项意为“汽车”。
15．A．suddenly B．gently
C．secretly D．accidentally
B 解析：根据该句中的“He ______ touched my cheek with a rough finger，put my lemonade stand back”可知，祖父用他那粗糙的手指轻柔地(gently)抚摸着“我”的脸颊，将“我”的柠檬汽水摊位摆了回去。A项意为“突然地”，C项意为“秘密地”，D项意为“偶然地”。
16．A．bought B．unfolded
C．put aside D．handed over
B 解析：根据该句“He ______ touched my cheek with a rough finger，put my lemonade stand back，seated himself in the chair and ______ a newspaper．”可知，祖父用他那粗糙的手指轻抚“我”的脸颊，把“我”的柠檬汽水摊位摆回去，自己坐在椅子上，打开(unfolded)一份报纸。A项意为“购买”，C项意为“把……暂放一边”，D项意为“移交”。
17．A．busy B．quiet
C．short D．nice
D 解析：根据第三段可知，“我”在祖父家的外面向孩子们出售零食和饮料，非常开心；结合该句中的“It is a ______ day for lemonade”可知，祖父知道“我”不想收起摊位就安慰“我”说今天是卖柠檬汽水的好(nice)日子。A项意为“忙碌的”，B项意为“安静的”，C项意为“短暂的”。
18．A．talked B．discussed
C．returned D．arrived
C 解析：根据上文中的“Hurry back”，结合该句“When we ______ later that day，Grandpa was still at my post．”可知，当我们那天晚些时候回去(returned)时，祖父仍然在“我”的摊位边。A项意为“交谈”，B项意为“讨论”，D项意为“到达”。
19．A．goods B．earnings
C．snacks D．clothes
B 解析：根据第三段尾句可知，虽然离“我”努力的目标还很远，但是“我”还是兴奋地数着零钱；结合该句中的“The small box where I had begun to place my ______ has no more change”可知，“我”是将“我”的收入(earnings)放在一个小盒子里的。A项意为“商品”，C项意为“零食”，D项意为“衣服”。
20．A．former B．small
C．familiar D．entire
D 解析：根据该句“The small box where I had begun to place my ______ has no more change than it could be accounted for even if the ______ village showed up for a drink．”可知，即使整个(entire)村子的人都来喝一杯，“我”也没能赚到很多零钱。A项意为“以前的”，B项意为“小的”，C项意为“熟悉的”。
PAGE
- 1 -
(共72张PPT)
轶事；奇闻
迁徙；迁居；移居
岸；海滨
吮吸
鲨鱼
望远镜
潮(汐)；潮水；潮流
海草；海藻
闪光信号灯；手电筒；闪光灯
灰色(的)
陡峭的
界限；分界线
浅的；肤浅的；浅显的
养老金；退休金
大叫；呼喊
叫声；喊声
保存；保护
使人敬畏的；令人畏惧的
细胞；(蜂房的)巢室
witness
opposite
pause
drag
urge
relationship
aware
neat
teamwork
flee
narrow
target
target
neat
teamwork
relationship
opposite
witnessed
sharp
sharpen
sharpener
abandon
abandoned
reflect
reflection
scare
scared
scary
accommodation
accommodate
tasty
taste
tasteless
depth
deep
deeply
deepen
vivid
vividly
scary
scared
sharp
sharpens
sharpener
tasty
taste
tastes
tasteless
depth
deeply
deep
reflected
reflection
accommodations
accommodate
vividly
vivid
ahead of
aim at
in the meantime
help(...) out
be/become aware of
upside down
(be) scared to death
hold up
be about to do
get close to
held up
Aimed at
upside down
help
out
in the meantime
are/become aware of
be scared to death
ahead of
It was a time when
more ancient
buildings being
destroyed
more and
where there is a
will, there is a way
witnesses
to
to having seen
witnessed a constant
increase
to study
urgent
to learn
urgency
urge their children to take advantage
urge that their children should take
advantage of
of
playing
carrying
abandoned
were abandoned
abandoned himself to smoking
Abandoning himself to smoking
Abandoned to smoking
reflected
are reflected
reflection
Reflecting on her volunteer experience
with
out
turn
bursting
It is with the help of my teacher that
that
awareness
aware后加of
are aware of
where
where
where
where there was
in the place where
there was nothing
nothing
scared
narrowly
awareness
to
on/upon
when
playing
has witnessed
accommodations
to begin
neatly→neat
sharply→sharp
has后加been
urging→urged
reflected→reflecting
taste→tasty
fled
jogging
threw
It was a time when I spent almost
each day
were about to watch their favorite movie
where there is a problem, there is always a
solution
It takes the students more than three hours to do
witnessed a big fire
coming from
windows
were aware
were scared to death
abandon the goods they bought and flee
of
With the help of some passers?by
was helped out safely
