中考英语二轮语法专项系列导学案5： 连词

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
九年级英语语法专项系列导学案5：
专题5: 连词

一、命题趋势
连词是历年中考必考内容之一，题型涉及单选、完型、单词拼写及任务型阅读，内容涵盖并列连词and, or, but, so, not only… but also…, either…or..,?neither...nor…与从属连词when,?while,?since,?as?soon as,?until等,分值一般在1~3分之间。
从近年中考试题来看,并列连词but, or,?neither... nor...,?either.…or,?not?only…?but?also的区别, when,?while,?as?soon?as,?until等引导的状语从句的语义辨析是考查的重点。

二、考点梳理：
连词的概念：连词是起连接作用，连接单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子的虚词。
连词的分类：根据所起作用的不同,可分为并列连词和从属连词。
因连词不同而产生的两种不同句子类型：由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句称为并列句，即：并列句=简单句+并列连词+简单句；由从属连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句称为（主从）复合句，即：（主从）复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句。
初中阶段的复合句主要涉及状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句。
考点1：并列连词

类别 连词 词义 用法 例句
并 列 关 系 and 和；而且 谓语动词用复数 We are singing and they are dancing. 我们在唱歌，他们在跳舞。
both… and… 两者都 Both you and I are students. 你和我都是学生。
not only… but also… 不但…… 而且…… 就近原则 Not only English and French is spoken in Canada. 在加拿大人们不仅说英语，而且说法语。
neither… nor… 既不…… 也不…… She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜欢黄油，也不喜欢奶酪。
转 折 关 系 but 但是 表转折 His mother won’t be there, but his father might. 他母亲不会去那里，但他父亲也许会去。
while 但是， 然而 对比性转折 I like English while he likes math. 我喜欢英语而他喜欢数学。
however 然而 位置灵活，常用逗号与句子隔开 We all tried our best. However, we lost the game. 我们都已尽力，然而，我们输掉了比赛。
因果 关系 so 因此 所以 不与 because连用 He worked hard, so he passed the exam. 他努力学习，所以通过了考试。
选 择 关 系 or 或者; 否则 表转折 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点，否则你会迟到的。
either… or… 或者…… 或者…… 就近原则 Either Alice or her father cooks meals at home. 要么艾丽斯要么她爸爸在家做饭。
whether …or… 不管是…… 还是……. 表选择 They haven’t decided whether they will whether go to London or Berlin. 他们尚未决定是去伦敦还是去柏林。


??????????????????????????????????范例解读??????????????????????????????????
1. Hold your dream, _____ you might regret someday.
A. and B. or C. but D.so
答案：B
解析：根据句意得知，坚持你的梦想，否则你会后悔的。Or意为：否则，要不然的话。
2. 一I hear Susan will go to Xinjiang alone.
一That’s true._____ her father_____ her mother will go with her.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
答案：C
解析：根据句意得知，Susan独自一人去新疆，她的父母都不去，既不……也不……,二者都不。

??????????????????????????????????学以致用??????????????????????????????????
1. Mary, put on your coat, ____ you'll catch a cold.
A. and B. or C.so D. but
2.─How do you like the two pairs of shorts?
─They don't fit me well. They are too ____ long ___ too short.
A. not only; but also B. both; and C. neither; nor D. either; or
3. ─I want to be a teacher when I grow up.
─Work hard, ______ your dream will come true.
A. or B. but C. though D. and

考点2：从属连词
1.引导宾语从句的连词
(1) that引导由陈述句转变成的宾语从句，口语或非正式用语中可省略，无实义；
(2) if， whether引导由一般疑问句转变成的宾语从句，一般可互换。以下情况只能用 whether：
① 宾语从句在介词后时； ② 后跟动词不定式时； ③ 句中含有 or not时；
(3) 引导由特殊疑问句转变成的宾语从句，常用who，whom， which， whose，what，when, why, how, where, whoever, whatever等。

2.引导状语从句的连词

类别 连词 意义/用法 例句
时 间 状 语 从 句 when while as 当……时候 ①He jumped up when the phone rang. 电话铃响时他吓了一跳。 ②We listened while her was reading. 他朗读时，我们听着。
before after 在……之前 在……之后 ①Turn the lights off before you leave。离开前，请关灯② He started the job soon after he left the university.他大学毕业后不久就开始做这份工作
since 自从 ① He has lived here since he got married. 他结婚后就一直住这儿。 ②Most men worked until/ till they’re 65. 大多数男人工作到65岁。
until/till 直到
as soon as 一……就…… Tell him the news as soon as you see him. 你一见到他就把消息告诉他。
条 件 状 语 从 句 if unless as long as ①unless=if not ③条件/时间状语 从句中,用一般现在表将来 ① If anyone calls, tell them I’ m not in.如果有人打电话，告诉他们我不在。 ② You will fail unless you work hard. 你若不努力就会失败。 ③ As long as you need me，l’ ll stay. 只要你需要我，我就留下。
原 因 状 语 从 句 because since 表示原因； because不与so连用 He couldn't get to school because he had a cold. 他因患感冒而未能去上学。
目 的 状 语 从 句 so that in order that 以便于；为了 表示目的 ①We used the computer in order that we might save time.我们使用计算机是为了节约时间。 ②Speak clearly so that they may understand you.说清楚，以便让他们能明白你的意思。
结 果 状 语 从 句 so…that… such…that… 如此…… 以至于…… ①It’s so difficult a quest1 on that none of us can answer It.那是一个很难的问题，以至于我们没有一个人能回答。 ② we're all here now, so that the meeting can begin at last.我们现在都齐了，终于能开会了
让 步 状 语 从 句 though/ although； even if even though though/although与but不能同时出现 ① Though/ Even though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.尽管是苦活，但我乐意干。 ② Even if you don’t like wine, try a glass of this.即使你不喜欢喝酒，也尝尝这杯吧。


3.引导定语从句的连词
因篇幅限制，定语从句相见后续专题。
??????????????????????????????????范例解读??????????????????????????????????
1. 一What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?
一He was reading magazine ____I was writing an e-mail at home.
A.as soon as B. after C. until D. while
答案：D
解读：考查时间状语从句引导词，While连接的主从句可表动作同时进行。
2. The teacher asked me to read aloud ____ all the students could hear me.
A. so that B. for C. because D. in order to
答案：A
解读：根据句意得知，老师让我大声读的目的是为了让所有的同学都能听见，so …that…表目的，后接目的状语从句。in order to…后不能接句子。
3. They spoke _____ quietly ____I could hardly hear them.
A. such: that B.so; that C. neither; nor D. both; and
答案：B
解读：根据句意得知，他们说话如此安静，以至于我几乎听不清。so…that…引导结果状语从句，如此，以至于。
??????????????????????????????????学以致用??????????????????????????????????
1. People in China were deeply hurt _____seeing Chinese torchbearer(火炬手) Jin Jing was attacked (被袭击)in her wheelchair in Paris.
A. when B. while C. before D. since
2. The little boy is _____ young _____ he can’t go to school.
A. enough; to B. too; to C.so; that D. such; that
3. ____ many children like KFC, I think they'd better try not to eat it too often.
A. Because B. When C. Although D. If

三、真题提升练：
1. They didn’t go to bed ____ he work was finished.
A. when B. while C. until D. after
2. Li Na is ____ famous ____all the tennis fans in China know her.
A. too; to B. enough; to C. as; as D. so; that
3. Our parents love you very much ____ they seldom say “I love you.”
A. unless B. or C. so D. although
4. Life is like a mirror. ____ you smile at it, it will smile back.
A. unless B. When C. Until D. Though
5. I don't know ____ he will come or not this afternoon.
A. if B. when C. whether D. that
6. Jenny didn't go to bed ____ her mother came home last night.
A.as soon as B. if C. while D. until
7. WeChat Pay makes our life convenient. We can buy things ____we don't take any money.
A. unless B. because C. even if D. so that
8. I didn’t accept his help ____ I wanted to try it myself.
A. because B. though C. until D. unless
9. 一What have you learnt after three years' study in China, Maria?
一I was taught _____ knowledge _____ good manners.
A. either; or B. not only; but also C. neither; nor D. not; but
10. We'll stay at home ______it rains tomorrow.
A. and B. if C. but D. so



参考答案：
考点1: 1. B 2. D 3. D
考点2: 1. A 2. C 3. C
真题提升练：1. C 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B


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