(共24张PPT)
Understanding each other
Unit 3
PART 1
语法导学
PART 2
达标检测
Period Five Grammar—Unreal conditionals
PART
1
语法导学
感悟规律 重点难点剖析
感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题
1.If I were you，I should try my best to go to college.
2.Were I you，I should try my best to go to college.
3.If he had gone to the party last night，everything would have changed.
4.Had he gone to the party last night，everything would have changed.
5.If it were to be sunny tomorrow，we would go out for a picnic.
6.Were it to be sunny tomorrow，we would go out for a picnic.
语法感知
1.句1，2表示与______事实相反的假设。
2.句3，4表示与______事实相反的假设。
3.句5，6表示与______事实相反的假设。
4.句1，2；句3，4；句5，6的句意分别相同吗？______。
5.句2，4，6共同的特点是：________后的倒装句。
查看答案
现在
过去
将来
相同
省略if
一、虚拟语气简介
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
在条件句中，只有是非真实条件句时，才用虚拟语气。重要的是通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现。能够实现的是真实条件句，就不能使用虚拟语气；反之，则是非真实条件句，要使用虚拟语气。
语法精析
二、虚拟语气中if条件句型
(1)与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
条件句用动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)；主句用“would/could/might/should＋动词原形”。
If I knew Arabic，the Arab would not mistake me.
如果我懂阿拉伯语，那个阿拉伯人就不会误会我了。
If he were here，we would congratulate him on his promotion.
如果他在这里，我们就祝贺他晋升了。
(2)与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
条件句用“had＋过去分词”；主句用“would/could/might/should ＋ have＋过去分词”。
If I had been invited to the wedding reception，I could have taken a few photos with the bride.
如果被邀请参加那次婚宴，我可能就会和新娘一起拍几张照片了。
She would/might have come for the celebration if she hadn’t been so busy.
要是不那么忙，她就来参加庆典了。
If I hadn’t taken your advice，I would have made a big mistake.
如果没有接受你的建议，我就会犯一个大错误。
(3)与将来事实相反的虚拟语气
条件句用动词的过去式、“should ＋动词原形”或“were to ＋动词原形”；主句用“would/could/might/should ＋动词原形”。
If it should rain，we wouldn’t go out.
如果天下雨，我们就不出去。
If he should study/were to study/studied hard，he would live up to his parents’ expectations.
如果他努力学习，就不会辜负父母的期望。
三、if条件句转换成倒装句
if虚拟条件句中含有should，were，had时，可把这些词移至主语前构成倒装句并省略if。例如：
If I were in school again，I would work harder.可转换为：Were I in school again，I would work harder.如果我重返校园的话，我会更努力地学习。
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday，he would have prevented me from going. 可转换为：Had my lawyer been here last Saturday，he would have prevented me from going.如果我的律师上星期六在这里的话，他就会阻止我去。
If there should be a meeting tomorrow，I would come. 可转换为：Should there be a meeting tomorrow，I would come.如果明天有会议的话，我会来的。
解析 根据主句的谓语形式以及语境可知，if条件句应该用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的结构：主句谓语用“should/would/could/might＋have done”，从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”。
1.They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.(2018·北京，13)
A.drove B.would drive
C.were to drive D.had driven
高考链接
答案
解析
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2.If we the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.(2018·天津，15)
A.had caught B.caught
C.have caught D.would catch
答案
解析
解析 句意为：如果我们昨天赶上了航班的话，我们现在就在海滩上享受假期了。根据前半句中的时间状语yesterday以及后半部分中的would be enjoying及时间状语now可知，这是一个错综时间条件句。从句表示与过去的事实相反的假设，故用“had＋动词的过去分词”。
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3. not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty.(2017·江苏，22)
A.It were B.Were it
C.It was D.Was it
答案
解析
解析 句意为：如果没有老师们的支持，这名学生不可能战胜困难。此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语用were；在非真实条件句中，如果有should，had或were时，可以省略if，而把should，had或were提至主语前，形成部分倒装，故选B项。
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4.If it for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now.
(2016·江苏，27)
A.had not been
B.should not be
C.were not to be
D.should not have been
答案
解析
解析 句意为：如果不是他前几天邀请我，我现在就不会在这里了。根据句子结构和句意可知，此处为虚拟语气，再结合时间状语the other day可知，这是对过去行为的虚拟，故if从句要用过去完成时。
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解析 句意为：如果政府和科学家们不共同努力的话，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点降下来。根据“Had the governments and scientists not worked together”可知事情发生在过去，因此主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。
5.Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDS?related deaths since their highest in 2005.(2016·浙江，15)
A.had not fallen
B.would not fall
C.did not fall
D.would not have fallen
答案
解析
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6.I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadn’t been wearing one，I .(2016·天津，15)
A.were injured
B.would be injured
C.had been injured
D.would have been injured
答案
解析
解析 句意为：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气，根据if条件句用的had done可知，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I和injure是被动关系。故选D。
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7.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week？If you me，I could have helped.(2016·北京，34)
A.told B.had told
C.were to tell D.would tell
答案
解析
解析 句意为：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮助你了。根据第一句可知，此处是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，故if条件句用过去完成时。
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8.If I it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.(2015·北京，34)
A.didn’t see B.weren’t seeing
C.wouldn’t see D.hadn’t seen
答案
解析
解析 句意为：如果不是亲眼看到，我就不会相信这件事。由主句中的谓语动词“wouldn’t have believed”可知是对过去情况的虚拟，虚拟条件句的谓语动词应用过去完成时。
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9. no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.(2014·福建，32)
A.Were there B.Had there been
C.If there are D.If there have been
答案
解析
解析 根据主句中的“would have to”以及句意可知，本句是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时。当虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可以将if省略，然后把had，should，were提到主语前面。故选A项。
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解析
10.We back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.(2014·北京，34)
A.are B.were
C.will be D.would be
解析 句意为：如果你不丢失地图的话，我们现在已经回到旅馆了。由now知此处为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”，故选D项。
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PART
2
达标检测
当堂检测 基础达标演练
1.If she had been at school，I ________________(see) her.
2.I _________(let) you go to work now if it weren’t raining so hard.
3.____(have) it not been for the free ticket，I would not have gone to see the film.
4.If I had had her address，I __________________(not，lose) touch with her.
5.______(be) I you，I would buy a new car.
6.If I ________________________(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him home.
7.Were I to do it，I __________(do) it in some other ways.
8.If you _________(be) more careful，the rice would not have been burnt.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空
查看答案
would have seen
would let
Had
wouldn’t have lost
Were
should see/were to see/saw
would do
had been
9.___________________，you would take his place.
万一他不来，你将代替他。(倒装结构)
10._______________ yesterday，he would have asked you about it.
他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。(倒装结构)
11.____________，I would do it at once.
假若我是你，我就会马上做这件事。(倒装结构)
查看答案
Ⅱ.用虚拟语气完成句子
Should he not come
Had he seen you
Were I you
12.If you should be interested in our offer，please contact us.
→______ ___ __ ________ __ our offer，please contact us.
13.If you had come earlier，you would catch the bus.
→____ ___ ____ ______，you would catch the bus.
14.If she were here，she would help you.
→_______ she here，she would help you.
15.If I had not been ill that day，I would have taken part in the parade.
→____ _ ___ ____ill that day，I would have taken part in the parade.
Ⅲ.句型转换
Should you be interested in
Had you come earlier
Were
Had I not been
查看答案
(共43张PPT)
Understanding each other
Unit 3
Period Four Project
PART 1
基础自测
PART 2
课文预读
PART 3
互动探究
PART 4
达标检测
PART
1
基础自测
默写练习(二)
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共15题；每题1分，满分15分)
1.Arctic adj. __________________
n. ______
2.feast n. __________________
3.bravery n. ______
→brave adj. ________
→bravely adv. ________
4.mask n. ______
vt. ___________
5.claw n. _________
查看答案
北极的，北极区的
北极
盛宴，宴会；节日
勇敢
勇敢的
勇敢地
面具
伪装，掩饰
爪，爪子
6.wolf n. ____
7.musical adj. ________
n. ________
→music n. _____
→musician n. ________
8.steam vt.& vi. _________
n. _____
9.stove n. ___________
10.tribe n. _____
查看答案
狼
音乐的
音乐剧
音乐
音乐家
蒸，蒸发
蒸汽
炉子，火炉
部落
11.plain n. ______
adj. ________________________________
12.bow n. __________________
13.arrow n. _______________
14.hug vt.& vi.& n. ____________
15.ensure vt. __________________
查看答案
平原
清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的
弓；蝴蝶结；琴弓
箭；箭头标记
拥抱，抱紧
保证，担保，确保
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10题；每题3分，满分30分)
16.__________ n. 少数民族；少数，少数人
→__________ n. 大多数，大部分
17. _________ n. 描述，叙述
18. _______ vt. 雕刻
19. ________ vt. 统治；控制，支配
→____________ n. 统治；政府
→__________ n. 州长；统治者
20. ___________ adj. 神秘的，奇怪的
查看答案
minority
majority
account
carve
govern
government
governor
mysterious
21. _______ (retold，retold) vt. 复述，转述
22. _______ vt. 烤，烘焙
adj. 烤的，焙的
23. ___________ n. 期望，盼望
→________ v. 期望，预料，认为
24. _________ n. 宗教
→__________ adj. 宗教的；虔诚的
25. _______ adj. 轻微的
→_________ adv. 轻微地
查看答案
retell
roast
expectation
expect
religion
religious
slight
slightly
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或者短语对应的汉语意思(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)
26.have the chance to do sth. _______________
27.hunt for ______________
28.__________ 信任；信仰
29.take part in _______
30.__________ 是……的家园
31.be rich in ____________
32.meet with sb. ______________________
33._________ 属于
34._________________ 控制，支配
35._______________ 被设计用来……
有机会做某事
打猎；搜捕
believe in
参加
be home to
富含……
遇见某人；与某人会晤
belong to
have power over
be designed to
查看答案
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5题；每题7分，满分35分)
36.___________________ the Inuit people you will have the chance to ride on a dog sled and travel in a seal?skin boat.
在与因纽特人相处期间，你将有机会乘坐狗拉雪橇、划用海豹皮制成的皮筏子。
37.Here you will have the chance to see Aborigine ceremonies with singing and dancing，__________ ancient beliefs.
在这里，你将有机会目睹基于古老信仰的土著仪式，仪式上人们载歌载舞。
38._______________ the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.
人们相信，毛利人来自太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛。
查看答案
While staying with
based on
It is believed that
39.________________ there are so many French words in English _________the French ruled England for quite a number of years.
英语中有许多法语单词的一个原因是法国曾统治英国很多年。
40.In Thailand and other parts of South?East Asia，the normal greeting is a slight bow_______________________________.
在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。
查看答案
One reason why
is that
with the hands pressed together
PART
2
课文预读
回归教材 萃取文本主旨
查看答案
读前清障
匹配左边的单词和右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1.minority A.勇敢
2.Arctic B.盛宴，宴会；节日
3.feast C.少数民族；少数，少数人
4.account D.描述，叙述
5.bravery E.北极的，北极区的
查看答案
[第二组]
6.mask A.雕刻
7.carve B.爪，爪子
8.claw C.统治；控制，支配
9.govern D.伪装，掩饰
10.musical E.音乐的；音乐剧
查看答案
[第三组]
11.mysterious A.复述，转述
12.steam B.清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的
13.plain C.烤的，焙的
14.retell D.蒸，蒸发
15.roast E.神秘的，奇怪的
Step 1 Careful-?reading
1.The Inuit live mainly on .
A.rice B.fruit
C.meat D.vegetable
2.If you want to try some strange food，you’d better go to .
A.Canada B.Australia
C.New Zealand D.America
查看答案
课文理解
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3.The Maoris believe in .
A.only one god B.Great Spirits
C.many gods D.the Great Spirit
4.When you visit a tribe in the centre of North America，you will .
A.see some fine carving art works
B.join in a dance called the Haka
C.get the chance to go night fishing
D.take part in the Sun Dance
查看答案
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Cultural experience tours Where to go What to do What to eat 1.______ to sleep
Inuit Experience Canada Ride on a dog sled and travel in a seal?skin boat；2._____________ food with the Inuit when they are in the Arctic Circle；join in a large summer gathering；take part in the dancing；listen to traditional accounts of bravery and 3.______ games；learn to make some of their native jewellery. 4._______ animals：seal，deer，whale meat and fish Tents
Step 2 Post?-reading
After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
查看答案
Where
gather/collect
play
Mainly
Aborigine Adventure 5.________ See Aboriginal 6.__________ with singing and dancing；try some very strange food；learn about Aboriginal musical instruments and weapons they use for 7.________. Food from the bush and snakes Not mentioned
Mysterious Maoris New Zealand Meet with the Maoris in the traditional meeting house；join in a dance；go night fishing. Fish and sweet potato In the 8._______
houses
Native American
Indian Adventure The USA Wear animal skin clothes；take part in the Sun Dance；9.______ a bow and arrow competition. 10.________ meat In an Indian tent
Australia
ceremonies
hunting
wooden
attend
Roasted
查看答案
PART
3
互动探究
探究重点 互动撞击思维
We offer you the chance to visit different minority cultures and experience for yourself their traditions，customs and way of life.我们提供给你个机会去参观不同少数民族的文化，亲自体验他们的传统、风俗和生活方式。
1
?minority n.少数民族；少数，少数人
※a minority of...少数……
be in the/a minority占少数
※majority n.大多数，大部分
be in the/a majority占多数
重点词汇
(1)The government makes every effort to protect the interests of the minorities in order to create a harmonious society.
为了创建一个和谐社会，政府竭尽全力去保护少数民族的利益。
(2)Women are very much ________________in political leadership around the world.
在世界范围内的政治领袖中，女性占极少数。
(3)Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking the subway to work are__________________.
在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。
查看答案
in the/a minority
in the/a majority
(4)The majority _________(be) against the plan put forward at the meeting.
大多数人反对会议上提出的计划。
(5)The majority of the damage ____(be) easy to repair.
这次的损失大部分容易补救。
查看答案
were/was
is
[温馨提示]
※“the majority/minority”单独作主语，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可。
※“the majority/minority＋of＋名词”作主语，其后的谓语动词的单复数取
决于of之后的名词。
[单项填空]
(6)—What is boys’ favorite sport?
—Football.But of boys in our class like playing football.
A.nobody B.most
C.the minority D.everyone
答案
解析
解析 句意为：——男孩们最喜爱什么运动？——足球。但是，我们班里只有少数男孩子喜欢踢足球。the minority of少数，符合语境。most of大多数，不符合语境。
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?account n.描述，叙述；账户 v.认为是，视为；说明；总计有
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You will have the chance to join one of these large assemblies and take part in the dancing，listen to traditional accounts of bravery，and play games.你将有机会参加一个这样的大型集会，你还有机会参加跳舞，聆听传统的英勇故事，还可以参与游戏。
on account of因为，由于
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)
take...into account考虑到，顾及
open an account开一个账户
account for解释，说明；是……的原因；(数量上、比例上)占……
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中account for的汉语意思
(1)Computers account for 5% of the country’s commercial electricity consumption. ______________
(2)The heavy rain may have accounted for the fact that so many students were late this morning. ______
[语境填词]
(3)Mark was stopped from returning home _____________(由于) the sudden rain.Besides，_______ safety _____________(考虑到)，he decided to stay in the tent for another night.These ____________(解释) his absence from school.
查看答案
解释
(比例上)占……
on account of
taking
into account
accounted for
[高级表达]
(4)We should on no account give up the plan.(改为倒装句)
______________________________________
查看答案
On no account should we give up the plan.
[联想发散] 表示“决不”的短语小结：in no case；by no means；at no time；in no way；under no circumstances。
解析 句意为：据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。lie in在于；account for(数量上、比例上)占……；consist of由……组成(或构成)；go with与……相配(或协调、和谐)。
[单项填空]
(5)It is said that body language 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
A.lies in B.accounts for
C.consists of D.goes with
答案
解析
√
?belong to属于
3
There are many different tribes that belong to the Native American Indian group.美洲印第安民族有许多不同的部落。
belongings n.财产；所有物
(1)China is a developing country，belonging to(which belongs to) the Third World.
中国是一个发展中国家，属于第三世界。
(2)She lost all her ___________(belong) in the fire.
她在那场火灾中失去了所有的财产。
(3)Will you forgive me，Sir Percival，if I tell you that it now _________another person?
如果我告诉你它现在属于另外一个人，你会原谅我吗，珀西瓦尔先生？
belongings
belongs to
[温馨提示] belong to是一个动词词组，没有被动语态，也不能用于进行时态，介词to后面要接名词或人称代词宾格作宾语。
查看答案
4
The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power over all things including animals，trees，stones and clouds.平原印第安人信奉至上神，认为至上神对包括动物、树木、石头和云彩在内的一切拥有控制权。
?have power over控制，支配
in power在掌权
come to/into power上台执政，掌权
beyond one’s power为某人能力所不及
in/within one’s power在某人的能力/权力之内
(1)People should have power over the decisions that affect their lives.
人们应该能支配影响他们生活的决定。
(2)Some animals have the power _______(see) in the dark.
有些动物具有在黑暗中能看见东西的本领。
[写作佳句]
(3)The decision is in the hand of him；I couldn’t do the things beyond my power.
决定权在他那儿，我不能越权而为之。
查看答案
to see
[温馨提示] in power表示状态；come to/into power表示动作。
(4)As soon as their party __________________，they changed the law.
他们的党一上台，他们就修改了法律。
(5)The party expects to be back __________after the election.
该党希望大选以后能重新掌权。
查看答案
came to/into power
in power
[单项填空]
(6)My question is why people animals and use animals to help their own species.(2018·盐城质检)
A.have power over B.get away from
C.make room for D.put up with
解析 句意为：我的问题是人类为什么控制着动物，并利用它们帮助自己。have power over控制，符合句意。get away from逃离……；make room for给……让地方；put up with忍受。
答案
解析
√
It is believed that the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia.人们相信，毛利人来自太平洋的波利尼西亚群岛。
It is believed that...中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。即构成结构：It is＋过去分词＋that从句。此结构可转换为：sb. /sth. ＋be＋过去分词＋不定式。类似用法：
It is thought that...大家认为……
It is said that...据说……
It is reported that...据报道……
经典句式
(1)It is said that the couple have left that country.
＝The couple are said to have left that country.
据说这对夫妇已经离开了那个国家。
(2)____________________ the sun travelled around the earth.
人们曾经认为太阳绕着地球转。
(3)It is reported that many more popular terms have been created on the Internet last year.
＝Many more popular terms _______________have been created on the Internet last year.
＝___________________ many more popular terms have been created on the Internet last year.
据报道，去年网络上又诞生了不少的流行词语。
It is once thought that
are reported to
People report that
查看答案
解析 句意为：人们相信大火是由于建筑材料的燃烧造成的，大火造成了58人丧生，居住在那里的人们的所有财物都被烧毁了。big fire作为主语，后面的cause和destroy是并列的两个谓语动词，所以believe只能作为非谓语动词来使用，排除A、B两项，而occur是不及物动词没有被动语态，所以排除C项。
故选D项。
[单项填空]
(4)The big fire due to the burning of construction materials caused 58 deaths and destroyed all the belongings of the people there.
A.was believed to occur B.was believed to have occurred
C.believed to have been occurred D.believed to have occurred
答案
解析
√
PART
4
达标检测
当堂检测 基础达标演练
1.Your ________(叙述) of what happened does not tie in with what three other witnesses have said.
2.Sled pulled by dogs is in common use in the ________(北极).
3.Our ____________(期望) is that we should be there.In fact，we should have gotten there a long time ago.
4.We all think she should be praised for her ________(勇敢).
5.The nation need peace；only the _________(少数人) want the war to continue.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
查看答案
account
Arctic
expectation
bravery
minority
6.The mother found that her son had a ________(音乐的) talent.
7.There are many ___________(神秘的) stories about the Egyptian pyramids.
8.It is a tale which has often been _______(转述) within West Indian literature.
9.That chicken you ________(烤) was absolutely delicious.
10.This is the law __________(支配) the development of economy.
查看答案
musical
mysterious
retold
roasted
governing
11.I think everyone can ________________his or her fate.
12.Lena went out again that day to __________a job.
13.He likes the TV program that ______________educate kids.
14.The beautiful site __________several football teams.
15.Some people __________God while others don’t.
Ⅱ.选词填空
查看答案
believe in，have power over，be designed to，hunt for，be home to
have power over
hunt for
is designed to
is home to
believe in
16._________________________ ，I wore a special dance mask carved from wood.
跳舞时，我戴着一个用木头刻的特殊跳舞面具。
17._________________ the new manager will be fit for the position.
人们相信这个新经理会称职的。
18.We should not keep the things_____________________________.
我们不该留着不属于我们的东西。
Ⅲ.完成句子
查看答案
When/While (I was) dancing
It is believed that
that/which don’t belong to us
19.He is watching a play _______________by Lu Xun.
他正在看一部由鲁迅的小说改编的戏剧。
20.Visit there in summer，________________________________ many exciting festivals.
在夏天造访那里，你将有机会看到许多令人兴奋的节日庆典。
查看答案
based on a novel
and you will have the chance to see
(共20张PPT)
Understanding each other
Unit 3
Many countries follow special customs when a child’s baby teeth fall out.
Many of these customs tell stories about animals taking the teeth.
For example，Koreans have the custom of throwing the fallen tooth onto the roof of a house so that a magpie(喜鹊) can take the tooth away and bring a new tooth for the child.This custom is also followed by some other Asian countries，such as Japan and Vietnam.
话题导入
Other countries，though，have tooth customs about other animals.In Mexico and Spain，for example，it is thought that a mouse takes a fallen tooth away and leaves some money.But in Mongolia，it is dogs that take children’s teeth away.Dogs are highly respected in Mongolian culture.It is believed that the new tooth will grow strong if the baby tooth is fed to a dog，so parents in Mongolia will put their children’s fallen teeth in a piece of meat and feed it to a dog.
In France and the USA，a child will put a fallen tooth under his or her pillow before going to bed.It is thought that in the early morning，when the child is still sleeping，the Tooth Fairy will take the tooth away and leave something else under the pillow.What she will leave is hard to know.It is said that in France the Tooth Fairy may leave some candies；however，in the United States，she may leave money.
阅读短文，回答下列问题
1.In Vietnam，if a child’s tooth falls out，what will he or she do?
_______________________________
2.What’s the main idea of this passage?
____________________________________________
查看答案
Throw it onto the roof of a house.
Customs about fallen teeth in different countries.
PART 1
读前清障
PART 2
课文理解
Period One Welcome to the unit & Reading—Pre?reading
PART
1
读前清障
匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1.greet A.公鸡
2.hug B.学期末
3.end?-of-?term C.和某人打招呼(或问好)
4.wedding D.婚礼
5.rooster E.拥抱，抱紧
查看答案
[第二组]
6.ensure A.向(某人)道贺，祝贺
7.congratulate B.招待会；接待；接受
8.reception C.允许，准许；许可证
9.permit D.保证，担保，确保
10.prohibit E.(尤指以法令)禁止
查看答案
[第三组]
11.throughout A.适应，习惯；调整，调节
12.offence B.拇指
13.thumb C.习惯于；惯常的
14.adjust D.冒犯；侮辱
15.accustomed E.自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处
查看答案
[第四组]
16.alike A.焰火，烟花
17.familiar B.庆典；庆祝活动
18.celebration C.新郎
19.firework D.相像，十分相似
20.bridegroom E.通晓；熟悉
查看答案
PART
2
课文理解
Step 1 Fast?-reading
What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Most countries have the same customs at the wedding ceremony.
B.Two heads are better than one.
C.Different countries have different cultures.
D.When in Rome，do as Romans do.
查看答案
√
Step 2 Careful?-reading
1. ，it is rude not to open a present when someone gives you one.
A.In the West B.In the Middle East
C.In China D.In Japan
2.If a man joins in a wedding reception in Brunei，he has to .
A.sit with the bride
B.sit with the bridegroom and the other men
C.stand all the time
D.leave at once
查看答案
√
√
3.If you attend a wedding reception in Brunei，chances are that you can’t drink .
A.tea B.Coca Cola
C.coffee D.alcohol
4.If you come to ，you will have to take off your shoes before entering someone’s house.
A.Brunei
B.cities in the UK
C.the countryside in China
D.both A and B
查看答案
√
√
Step 3 Post-?reading
After reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.
查看答案
1._________ differences
Situations Reactions/Practices
Festivals The British 2.________ Bonfire Night on November 5th every year.
Americans are 3.___________ with the festival.
Presents In the West，it’s 4.________ to open a present when someone gives you it.
Cultural
celebrate
unfamiliar
polite
查看答案
Wedding in Korea A 5._____ hen and a rooster are used as a part of the wedding ceremony to drive away bad spirits and ensure good luck for the marriage.
in Brunei Men sit with the bridegroom 6.______ women sit with the bride.
Guests are 7.________ with food，soft drinks，tea and coffee，but no alcohol.
People play drums 8._______ to celebrate it for hours and even all the night.
Other customs In Brunei，people point with their thumb 9._________ of their first finger.Besides，they have to remove their shoes before 10._________ someone’s house.
live
while
served
loudly
instead
entering
Step 4 Sentence-?learning
1.Waled，why don’t you tell her about the British teacher who opened the present as soon as he received it at the end?-of-?term ceremony?
[句式分析]
[自主翻译] __________________________________________________________
____________________________
Waled, why don’t you tell her about the British teacher
句子主干
who opened the present
定语从句，修饰 the British teacher
as soon as he received it at the end-of-term ceremony?
时间状语从句
瓦利德，你为什么不向她讲一讲那位在期末典礼上一收到礼物就打开的英国老师的事呢？
查看答案
2.Another difference is that while we serve food，soft drinks，tea and coffee，alcohol is not permitted at the
wedding reception—in fact，alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句。that引导的是表语从句，在这个从句中，while引导的是让步状语从句。
[自主翻译] __________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
查看答案
另一个不同之处是在结婚喜宴上我们提供食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但酒是不允许的——事实上，在文莱(的婚礼上)酒是完全被禁止的。
3.It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
[句式分析] it作形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。watching the new...为“watch＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________
查看答案
看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。
(共14张PPT)
Understanding each other
Unit 3
PART 1
技法点拨
PART 2
写作训练
Period Six Writing—Writing a letter of apology
PART
1
技法点拨
文体分析 把握写作动脉
道歉信通常是由于未完成任务或因个人失误对他人造成不良影响等原因写信致歉并且希望得到对方谅解的一种应用文体。
道歉信主要是向收信人表达歉意，请求对方谅解自己的过失。写道歉信时要明确不是找借口为自己辩护，而是承认自己的过错并提出弥补过错的具体方法。
1.道歉信的结构
(1)首段：简要叙述自己做错的事情，表示歉意。
(2)正文段：说明道歉的具体原因，应尽量详述做错事的经过。写信时应该注意在申述时要照顾读信人的感受。
写作指导
(3)结尾段：再次表明承认错误的态度，请求收信人的谅解，也可以提出补救的方法。
2.道歉信的语言特点
在说明情况与理由时，要实事求是，语言要简明扼要，态度要诚恳。另外用词要委婉，语气要温和得体。要说清楚为何你觉得要道歉以及日后你希望怎样补救。不要忘了两点：检讨自己和感谢对方。
1.I would like to give you my apology for...
2.Please accept my sincere apology for...
3.Once again，I’m sorry for any inconvenience I caused.
4.I sincerely hope you will be able to think in my situation and accept my apologies.
5.Please allow me to say sorry again.
6.Please accept my apologies for my oversight.
7.I feel really sorry about it and want you to know what happened.
8.Please forgive me for a stupid choice of words.
常用表达
PART
2
写作训练
弄清文络 写作妙笔生花
假设你是Mary，你和你的好朋友Hans因为组织班级活动时意见不一致而发生争吵，当时你的态度很不好，结果对他造成了不好的影响。现在你后悔了，想向他道歉，可是他一直不理你。请写一封词数150左右的英文信，向他表达你的歉意，并请求他原谅你。
1.时态：本文以一般现在时为主，根据需要也可用现在完成时或一般过去时。
2.人称：以第一人称和第二人称为主。
3.目的：真诚道歉，请求原谅。
审题谋篇
必备词汇
1.在过去的几天里 ___________________
2.进行深刻的思考 _______________________
3.来自我的心底 ________________________________
4.接受某人的道歉 ______________________
5.对……粗鲁 ____________
6.是某人的错 _______________
查看答案
遣词造句
in the past few days
do a lot of hard thinking
come from the bottom of my heart
accept one’s apologies
be rude to...
be one’s fault
句式升级
1.我要说的一切都发自内心。我想让你知道这一点。
Everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart.
_____________________.(简单句)
______________________everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart.(宾语从句)
2.我们的友谊如此珍贵，所以我们不能因为一次愚蠢的争吵而失去它。
Our friendship is very valuable，____________________________________.
(so连接的并列句)
Our friendship is _______________________________over a silly argument.
(so...that...)
I want you to know it
I want you to know that
so we can’t lose it over a silly argument
so valuable that we can’t lose it
查看答案
3.我想说清楚的是，我很抱歉，这是我专门给你写的信。
I am very sorry and this is a special letter from me to you，______________
____________.(which引导定语从句)
I want to _________________I am very sorry and this is a special letter from me to you.(it作形式宾语)
查看答案
which I want to
make clear
make it clear that
Dear Hans，
In the past few days I have done a lot of hard thinking about what happened last week.
I want you to know that everything that I am about to say comes from the bottom of my heart.I know that it will be very difficult for you to accept my apologies，but I want you to think about our friendship as well.The main reason why I decide to write you this letter is that our friendship is so valuable that we can’t lose it over a silly argument.I know I should not have been so rude to you.I admit that it was my fault.
组句成篇
查看答案
I want to make it clear that I am very sorry and this is a special letter from me to you，and I hope you can forgive me.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly，
Mary
查看答案
(共35张PPT)
Understanding each other
Unit 3
PART 1
互动探究
PART 2
达标检测
Period Three Word power & Grammar and usage & Task
PART
1
互动探究
探究重点 互动撞击思维
I learnt that expectations at weddings can be quite different.我了解到人们对于婚礼的期望是十分不同的。
1
?expectation n.期望，盼望
※meet/live up to one’s expectations不辜负某人的期望
beyond (one’s) expectations 出乎(某人的)意料
in (the) expectation of期望，指望
※expect v.期望，盼望
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
重点词汇
(1)They make me feel that I’ve got to live up to their expectations.
他们让我觉得，我必须达到他们对我的期望才行。
(2)The Spring Festival didn’t turn out as exciting，which was _____________
_____________.
春节并没有那么令人激动，这是我们所没有料想到的。
(3)Anne left Germany ____________________seeing her family again before very long.
安妮离开了德国，期待着很快就能与家人重逢。
查看答案
beyond our
expectations
in (the) expectation of
(4)The number of people who came to attend the wedding was larger than ___________(expect).
参加婚礼的人数比预期的多。
(5)I didn’t expect him ___________(become) a successful writer.
我没想到他会成为一名成功的作家。
查看答案
expected
to become
[单项填空]
(6)Children are tired of learning often because they are always to do better than they can，both at school and at home.
A.suggested B.expected
C.hoped D.helped
答案
解析
解析 suggest建议，暗示；hope希望；help帮助；expect期待，be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事。语境表示“他们总是被期待着比他们实际所能够做到的做得更好”。故选B。
√
?let alone更不用说
2
In his youth，however，he never left his home town，let alone travelled to another country...但是，在他年轻时，他从没有离开过自己的家乡，更不用说去其他国家了……
let/leave sb. alone不打扰某人，别烦某人
let/leave sth. alone别碰某物；别管某事
let sb. down使某人失望
let go (of) 放手，松手，放开，使自由
let out使出去，放出；泄露(秘密)；发出
let in使进来，进入
(1)When my father is upset，he would rather we left him alone.
当我的父亲烦恼的时候，他希望我们不要打扰他。
(2)I can’t afford to pay my school fees，__________________________.
我连学费都支付不起，更别说买一台新电脑了。
(3)In those days，we couldn’t send our children to middle school，_________
_________.
那时候，我们的孩子连中学都上不起，更不用说上大学了。
(4)____________________ and he will stop crying soon.
让他一个人待着，过会儿他就不哭了。
查看答案
let alone buy a new computer
let alone
college
Let/Leave him alone
(5)You can believe in him；he’ll never_____________.
你可以信赖他；他从不会让你失望的。
(6)I can tell you the truth，but you must promise not to _________the secret.
我可以告诉你真相，但是你得答应不要把这个秘密泄露出去。
查看答案
let you down
let out
[温馨提示]
let alone意为“更不用说”，相当于一个插入语，但其后所接的词的形式要求与前面的一致，一般用于否定句之后。其同义短语是not to mention。
[单项填空]
(7)I haven’t decided on the menu yet，let alone the food.
A.buying B.to buy
C.bought D.buy
答案
解析
解析 句意为：我还没决定吃什么菜呢，更不必说买食物了。let alone更别提，更不用说，后跟与前面部分相对应的谓语或名词。这里前面部分是完成时态，所以用过去分词。
√
?show sb. around/round带某人参观、游览
3
showing foreign visitors around带领外国游客参观
show off炫耀
show up露面
show sb. in/out带某人进来/出去
on show在展出
(1)Having been shown around/round the lab，we were taken to see the school library.
在被带去参观了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。
(2)One day an adolescent boy ____________in my office.
一天，一名少年出现在我的办公室里。
(3)We were _________and the staff began to show us their exhibitions _______.
有人把我们领了进来，工作人员开始给我们展示他们正在展出的展品。
查看答案
showed up
showed in
on show
[语境串记]
(4)Though Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature，he didn’t like to show himself off in public.Therefore，he seldom showed up on the TV screen.
尽管莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，但他并不喜欢在公众面前炫耀自己。所以，他很少出现在电视屏幕上。
[单项填空]
(5)Poor as she was，she was eager for attention.Thus，she had to think of borrowing some jewels to at the party.
A.show up B.show out
C.show in D.show off
答案
解析
解析 第二句句意为：因此，她不得不思考借一些珠宝在宴会上炫耀。show off炫耀，符合句意。
√
?take up占用(时间或空间)；开始从事；开始对……产生兴趣；接受；拿起；继续
4
I have no idea what he will do with them all，and it took up a lot of time.
我不知道他将会怎样处理所有这些东西，而且这花费了很多时间。
查看答案
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中take up的汉语意思
(1)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？ ______
(2)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up. ______
(3)She took up the story where Tim had left off. ______
(4)I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits. ______
(5)This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs，or help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. ____________
接受
占用
继续
拿起
开始从事
(6)It’s easy to ___________this camera，while putting the pieces together is quite difficult.
拆开这个照相机很容易，然而把这些零件再安装在一起却很困难。
(7)I was ___________by the salesman—the car turned out to be uneconomical and unreliable.
我被推销员骗了——结果证明那辆汽车既不经济又不牢靠。
take apart拆卸；拆开
take in吸收；领会，理解；欺骗
take down拆除；写下
take...into consideration/account把……考虑进去
take apart
taken in
查看答案
[单项填空]
(8)Our daughter doesn’t know what to at the university；she can’t make up her mind about her future.
A.take in B.take up
C.take over D.take on
答案
解析
解析 句意为：我们的女儿不知道要在大学里学习什么，她对未来还没有任何打算。take in吸收，欺骗；take up拿起，占据，开始从事；take over接管；take on呈现，开始雇用。
√
(9)Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets，because they are easy to .
A.take in B.take on
C.take over D.take up
答案
解析
解析 句意为：一些虚假广告把乡村妇女作为目标，因为她们容易上当。take in欺骗；take on呈现，开始雇用；take over接管；take up占据，开始从事。
√
?give out分发；散发；释放(光、热等)；用完，耗尽，精疲力竭；公布，宣布
5
He seemed to give out a lot of business cards and got a bit upset when my classmate just put it in his pocket without looking at it.他似乎分发了许多名片，当我的同学没有看名片就把它装进口袋时，他显得有点不安。
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中give out的汉语意思
(1)In the literature class，our teacher asked us to give out all the words in the poem that suggest homesickness. _____________
(2)To add to the virtual world of RealCine，the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment. ______
(3)When I practised running on the playground，my strength gave out and I fell onto the ground. ______
查看答案
公布，宣布
释放
用完
give away赠送；泄露
give in交上；让步；屈服，投降
give up放弃；停止
give off放出(气味、光、热等)；释放)
查看答案
(4)He gave away most of his money to the homeless.
他把他大部分的钱都赠给了无家可归的人。
(5)The sun ____________light and heat.
太阳发出光和热。
gives off/out
One reason why there are so many French words in English is that the French ruled England for quite a number of years.英语中有许多法语单词的一个原因是法国曾统治英国很多年。
1
经典句式
※One reason why...is that...意为“……的一个原因是……”，reason后
的why引导的是定语从句；that引导的是表语从句，既不能省略也不能
用because代替。
※the reason后的定语从句是用why/for which还是关系代词that/which引
导，取决于先行词reason在从句中充当的成分。先行词reason在从句中
充当状语时用why/for which，充当主语、宾语或表语时用that/which。
(1)One reason why they didn’t finish the project on time is that they didn’t have enough time.
他们没有按时完成该项目的一个原因是他们没有足够的时间。
(2)The reason __________he failed the English exam was that he didn’t learn it well.
他英语考试不及格的原因是他没学好。
(3)The reason ____________he explained to us is that he hadn’t read this book before.
他给我们解释的理由是他之前没有读过这本书。
查看答案
for which
that/which
[单项填空]
(4)The reason he resigned was he didn’t get on well with the boss.
A.that；that B.why；that
C.for which；which D.why；what
答案
解析
解析 句意为：他辞职的原因是他和老板相处得不好。the reason作先行词，在从句中作原因状语，用why/for which引导定语从句；reason作主语，后面的表语从句用that引导。故选B。
√
※with the hands pressed together双手合十。该结构是with复合结构，
pressed是press的过去分词，作hands的补足语。过去分词强调与其逻辑
主语是被动关系。
※在with复合结构中，可作补足语的成分有：名词、介词短语、形容词、副
词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。
2
In Thailand and other parts of South?-East Asia，the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together.在泰国和东南亚的其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。
查看答案
(1)The thief was being questioned by the police with his hands tied on the back.
那个小偷正在接受警察的盘问，他的双手被绑在背后。
(2)With prices ______(go) up，we can’t afford a house.
由于价格上涨，我们买不起房子。
(3)With everything she needed ________(buy)，she went home happily.
把她需要的所有东西买完后，她高兴地回家了。
(4)With a lot of homework _______(do)，he refused the invitation.
由于有许多家庭作业要做，他拒绝了邀请。
going
bought
to do
[单项填空]
(5)With the price of pork and eggs quickly，CPI has become a hot phrase among the Chinese.
A.climbing B.climbed
C.to climb D.climb
解析 句意为：随着猪肉和鸡蛋价格的迅速上涨，“消费物价指数”已经成为中国人的热门词汇。price与climb是主动关系，且此处不表示动作将要发生，故用现在分词作宾补。
答案
解析
√
PART
2
达标检测
当堂检测 基础达标演练
1.He made a rude _________(手势) at the driver of the other car.
2.The children are quite healthy although they all have _______(轻微的) colds at the moment.
3.Christmas is almost here.Please send my Christmas __________(问候) to her.
4.The key to ___________(确保) good sales of our exports is to improve quality.
5.You’d better not talk about politics and __________(宗教)with strangers.
查看答案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
gesture
slight
greetings
ensuring
religion
6.Unfortunately，the new software has failed to meet our ______________(期望).
7.An __________(皇帝) should never loosen the grasp of power.
8.There will be lively New Year ____________(庆祝活动) in the city centre.
9.The ___________(禁止) of smoking in public areas has already come into effect.
10.If you are not ____________(习惯于) to sleeping with the light on，just turn it off.
查看答案
expectations
emperor
celebrations
prohibition
accustomed
11.I _____________badminton recently and play it almost every day.
12.Seeing the waiter coming here，John _________his cup for more coffee.
13.You should ____________the dangers if you continue smoking.
14.It doesn’t ___________to explain it to him because he doesn’t care about it.
15.He _________after the long walk.
Ⅱ.选词填空
查看答案
be aware of，give out，hold out，take up，make sense
have taken up
held out
be aware of
make sense
gave out
16.____________________________________ ，I do not know them well.
尽管他们是我的邻居，我对他们了解得并不多。
17.I __________________I plan to be when I grow up.
我不知道长大以后要干什么。
18.I think _____________is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
我认为大声朗读对我们学习外语很重要。
Ⅲ.完成句子
查看答案
While/Although they are my neighbours
have no idea what
reading aloud
19.John received an invitation to the party，and ____________________，he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了宴会的邀请，因为他的工作完成了，他欣然接受了邀请。
20.I’d ______________you could let me go on with the job.
如果您能让我继续做这份工作，我将不胜感激。
查看答案
with his work finished
appreciate it if
(共56张PPT)
Understanding each other
Unit 3
PART 1
基础自测
PART 2
互动探究
PART 3
达标检测
Period Two Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
PART
1
基础自测
默写练习(一)
Ⅰ.写出下列词汇的汉语意思(共16题；每题1分，满分16分)
1.the Middle East n. ________________
2.Arab n. ___________
adj. _____________
3.end?of?term n. ________
4.wedding n. ________
5.Korea n. ____________
6.rooster n. _______
7.reception n. ____________________
8.bridegroom n. _______
9.bride n. _______
查看答案
中东，中东地区
阿拉伯人
阿拉伯(人)的
学期末
婚礼
韩国；朝鲜
公鸡
招待会；接待；接受
新郎
新娘
10.throughout prep.& adv. ___________________________________
11.thumb n. ______
12.bonfire n. ____________________________________
13.firework n. ____________
14.hot dog n. ________________
15.mustard n. ______________
16.barbecue n. __________
查看答案
拇指
焰火，烟花
热狗(香肠面包)
芥末；芥末酱
户外烧烤
自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及
(在室外为庆祝而燃起的)大火堆，篝火
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共12题；每题2分，满分24分)
17._______ vt. 和某人打招呼(或问好)
→__________ n. 问候；问候语
18. _____ vt.& vi.& n. 拥抱，抱紧
19. ________ vt. 保证，担保，确保
20. ____________ vt. 向(某人)道贺，祝贺
→______________ n. 祝贺
21. _______ v. 允许，准许
n. 许可证
→____________ n. 允许
查看答案
greet
greeting
hug
ensure
congratulate
congratulation
permit
permission
22. ________ vt. (尤指以法令)禁止
→___________ n. 禁止；禁令
23. _________ n. 冒犯；侮辱
→________ vt. 冒犯；令……反感
24. ________ vi.& vt. 适应，习惯；调整，调节
→___________ n. 调节；调整
→___________ adj. 可调节的
25. ___________ adj. 习惯于；惯常的
→___________ vt. 使习惯于
查看答案
prohibit
prohibition
offence
offend
adjust
adjustment
adjustable
accustomed
accustom
26. ______ adj. 相像，十分相似
adv. 十分相像地；同样地
27. ___________ adj. 通晓；熟悉
28. ___________ n. 庆典；庆祝活动
→__________ v. 庆祝
查看答案
alike
familiar
celebration
celebrate
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或者短语对应的汉语意思(共10题；每题2分，满分20分)
29.________________ 应该……；被认为是……
30. __________ 脱下，除掉；起飞
31. ________________________________ 习惯于
32. ______________ 对……感到吃惊
33. _______________ 通晓；熟悉
34.be similar to ___________
35.on the other hand __________
36.do without ___________________________
37.share/have sth. in common ____________________________________
38.set off _____________
be supposed to...
take off
get/be/become accustomed/used to
be amazed at
be familiar with
与……相似
另一方面
设法对付过去；没有……也行
在……有共同点
燃放
查看答案
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5题；每题8分，满分40分)
39._________________________ the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.
看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。
40.Another thing is，____________ to Brunei，you _______________take off your shoes before going into someone’s house.
还有就是，如果你来到文莱，你进别人的房子之前必须得脱鞋。
41.Many foreigners ________________________________it.
许多外国人很难适应这种做法。
查看答案
It’s quite funny watching
if you came
would have to
have trouble getting accustomed to
42.But ______________________is that there are sometimes great cultural differences even between native English speakers.
但真正有趣的是，即使在以英语为母语的人之间有时候也存在着很大的文化差异。
43.Well，it’s time_____________.
好了，我该走了。
查看答案
what is really interesting
for me to go
PART
2
互动探究
探究重点 互动撞击思维
Roosters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony，and hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.
人们认为公鸡能把鬼魂从婚礼仪式上赶走，母鸡能确保婚姻好运。
1
?be supposed to...应该……；被认为是……
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
suppose sb. /sth. to be...认为某人/某物是……
be supposed to have done...本该做……(但实际上未做)
be not supposed to do...不允许做……
suppose/supposing引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。
重点词汇
(1)You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.
你看起来气色很好。我想三亚的空气和海鲜一定适合你。
(2)The message is very important，so it is supposed __________as soon as possible.
这条消息很重要，所以应该尽快被传达。
(3)__________________ she doesn’t come，what shall we do？
如果她不来，我们将做什么？
查看答案
to be sent
Suppose/Supposing
解析 句意为：怀特先生本应该在上午8：30来参加会议，但是他没有出现。should have done本应该做某事，实际上却未做。根据后面的did说明是对过去发生的情况的推测。be supposed to do sth. 中to是动词不定式，后接动词原形，故选C。
[单项填空]
(4)Mr White at 8：30 am for the meeting，but he didn’t show up.
A.ought to arrive
B.should arrive
C.should have arrived
D.was supposed to arrived
答案
解析
√
?ensure vt.保证，担保，确保
ensure sb. sth. (＝ensure sth. to sb. )向某人担保某事
ensure that...＝make sure that...担保/保证/确保……
ensure sb. against/from...保护某人免受危害，使某人安全
(5)This pill will ensure a good night’s sleep to the patient.
这种药丸能使病人睡个好觉。
(6)These are safety devices to __________________________accidents.
这些是为了保护工人们不出事故的安全设施。
查看答案
ensure workers against/from
[一句多译]
(7)这家医院尽力确保这个病人能很快从痛苦中恢复过来。
①The hospital tries to _____________the patient can recover from his suffering soon.
②The hospital tries to ________________the patient can recover from his suffering soon.
ensure that
make sure that
[温馨提示] “确保，保证”表达法聚焦：
make sure确保，保证 assure 确保，向……保证
ensure确保，保证 guarantee 确保，保证
make certain of确保 see to it that ...确保……
查看答案
解析 句意为：确保国家的卫生保健出版物对人们有益是我们的职责。satisfy使满意；compromise妥协；quarrel争吵；ensure确保。
[单项填空]
(8)It is our responsibility to that the country’s health care publications are beneficial to the people.
A.satisfy B.compromise
C.quarrel D.ensure
答案
解析
√
?congratulate vt.祝贺；向(某人)道贺
2
During the ceremony，the hen laid an egg，and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.
在婚礼期间，母鸡下了一只蛋，这被看作是件非常幸运的事，大家都祝贺这一对新人。
※congratulate sb. on sth. 为某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself on sth. 因某事感到自豪
※congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜
congratulations to sb. on sth. 就某事向某人祝贺
Congratulations！祝贺你！(口语)
(send/offer) congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事
(1)I congratulate you on your great discovery published in the newspaper.
我祝贺你在报纸上出版你的伟大发现。
(2)You should _______________________________them in getting through the hardship.
你应该为你协助他们克服困难感到自豪。
(3)We’ll offer our _________________________her success achieved just now.
我们要祝贺她刚刚取得的成功。
查看答案
congratulate yourself on assisting
congratulations to her on
[一句多译]
(4)我们祝贺他生意兴隆。
①We _____________________his success in business.
②We _______________________________________his success in business.
查看答案
congratulated him on
offered/sent our congratulations to him on
[易混辨析] congratulate，celebrate
※congratulate作“祝贺，道贺”解时，应以被祝贺的人作宾语，用介词on引
出祝贺的原因。
※celebrate表示举行仪式、典礼的庆祝，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语。
[用celebrate和congratulate的正确形式填空]
(5)—John and I will __________our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh，_______________!
——我和约翰将在下个月庆祝结婚四十周年。
——哦，祝贺！
查看答案
celebrate
congratulations
[温馨提示]
※congratulation用作祝贺语时，通常用复数形式；作为“祝贺”这一抽象意
义时，通常用单数形式。
※congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。
[单项填空]
(6)—Mum，I’ve got first prize in the photo competition.
— ！
A.Good luck B.Not at all
C.Good idea D.Congratulations
答案
解析
解析 句意为：——妈妈，我在摄影比赛中获得了一等奖。——祝贺你！Good luck祝你好运；Not at all一点也不；Good idea好主意；Congratulations祝贺你。结合语境可知选D。
√
?permit vt.允许；许可 n.许可证
3
Another difference is that while we serve food，soft drinks，tea and coffee，alcohol is not permitted at the wedding reception—in fact，alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.另一个不同之处是在结婚喜宴上我们提供食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但酒是不允许的——事实上，在文莱(的婚礼上)酒是完全被禁止的。
※permit (doing) sth. 允许(做)某事
permit sb. (to do) sth. 允许某人(做)某事
time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits时间/天气允许的话
※a driver’s/driving permit驾驶执照
※permission n.允许；许可
without permission未经许可
ask for permission请求允许
(1)She had asked the government for ____________(permit) to move the books to a safe place，but they refused.
她向政府请求许可把书搬到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。
[一句多译]
(2)他的健康状况不允许他和我们一起旅行。
①His health condition doesn’t ___________________with us.
②His health condition doesn’t __________________with us.
(3)如果天气允许，我将陪你去动物园。
①___________________，I will accompany you to the zoo.
②___________________，I will accompany you to the zoo.
查看答案
permission
permit him to travel
permit his traveling
If weather permits
Weather permitting
[语境填词]
(4)Although time ________，we will not go to America to go shopping during this Christmas.Our boss will not ________us to leave the company without his____________.
尽管时间允许，我们在这个圣诞节期间也不会去美国购物。我们的老板不允许我们未经他的允许就离开公司。
查看答案
permits
permit
permission
[温馨提示] permit后不能直接跟不定式，但应注意be permitted to do sth. 结构。与permit一样，后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构的动词还有：allow，forbid，advise。
?prohibit v.(尤指以法令)禁止
※prohibit (doing) sth. 禁止(做)某事
prohibit sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
prohibit one’s doing sth. 禁止某人做某事
※prohibition against...……的禁令
(5)Rainy weather and fog prohibited flying，so we were late.
雨天和大雾妨碍了飞行，所以我们迟到了。
(6)My mother prohibits _________(make) noise while we are studying，but she doesn’t prohibit us ______having a discussion.
当我们学习的时候，我的妈妈禁止发出噪音，但是她允许我们讨论。
(7)The ___________(prohibit) against drunken driving have saved many lives.
禁止酒后开车已经挽救了许多生命。
查看答案
making
from
prohibition
[单项填空]
(8)Although the authorities people from climbing up that section of the Great Wall，some people still visit that area.
A.quit B.prohibit
C.object D.oppose
答案
解析
解析 prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事，符合句意。其他三项均不与from搭配。
√
However，in Brunei that can cause offence，so we use our thumb to point.然而，在文莱，那样会引起冒犯，所以我们用拇指指东西。
?offence n.冒犯；侮辱；犯法行为；罪过
4
※give/cause offence to sb. 得罪某人
take offence (at sth. )(因某事而)生气
no offence无意冒犯；不要见怪
※offend v.违反，冒犯
※offensive adj.冒犯的；攻击的；讨厌的
(1)Drink-?driving is a criminal offence in our country.
在我们国家，酒驾属于刑事犯罪。
(2)It is easy to _______________someone if you are impolite.
如果你不礼貌就很容易冒犯到别人。
(3)How should you deal with the problem caused by an __________email？
你应该如何处理由一封无礼的电子邮件引发的问题？
查看答案
give offence to
offensive
[单项填空]
(4)—Why are you moving out?
— .I just don’t like the atmosphere here.
A.No offence B.No worries
C.No problem D.No doubt
答案
解析
解析 句意为：——你为什么从这里搬出去？——不要见怪，我只是不喜欢这里的气氛。no offence 不要见怪，符合题意，故选A项。
√
?adjust v.适应，习惯；调整，调节
5
It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。
[一词多义] 写出下列句子中adjust的汉语意思
(1)Check and adjust the brakes regularly. ____________
(2)I think that you will quickly adjust to them although the weather and the food are different from yours. ______
查看答案
调节，调整
适应
※adjust sth. to sth. 调整……以适应……
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己适应(做)某事
※adjustment n.调整；适应
make an adjustment/adjustments to对……作出调整
※adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的
(3)If you go to a new place，you must ________________the new surroundings quickly.
如果你到了一个新地方，你必须尽快使自己适应新的环境。
(4)She found it hard to adjust to ________(work) at night.
她发现很难适应夜间工作。
[用adjust的适当形式完成小语段]
(5)All the new chairs are __________，which can ____________to the height of the individual student.In addition，the ____________is very easy to operate.It only takes you a short while __________to using it.
查看答案
adjust yourself to
working
adjustable
be adjusted
adjustment
to adjust
[单项填空]
(6)Some schools will have to make in agreement with the national soccer reform.
A.judgments B.adjustments
C.comments D.achievements
答案
解析
解析 句意为：一些学校将不得不作出调整，以便和国家足球改革保持一致。judgment评价，看法；adjustment调整，适应；comment评论，议论；achievement成就，成绩。既然要和国家足球改革保持一致(in agreement with the national soccer reform)，那么就应该作出调整(make adjustments)，故选B项。
√
?accustomed adj.习惯的；惯常的
6
Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.
许多外国人很难适应这种做法。
※be accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)……(表状态)
become/get accustomed to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)……(表动作)
※accustom v.使习惯于，使适应
accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth. 使……习惯于(做)……
(1)Accustomed to the climate and food，the old couple prefer to live here for the rest of their life rather than move to another city.
习惯了这里的气候和饮食，这对老夫妻更喜欢在这里度过余生而不想移居别的城市。
(2)I’m accustomed to _________(listen) to some light music before sleep.
在睡觉之前我习惯听一些轻音乐。
(3)The students quickly accustomed ___________(they) to the new timetable，which excited the teachers.
学生们很快适应了新的时间表，这让老师非常激动。
查看答案
listening
themselves
[高级表达]
(4)He was accustomed to the custom and didn’t want to change it.
①__________________________，he didn’t want to change it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②_________________________________，he didn’t want to change it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
查看答案
Accustomed to the custom
Accustoming himself to the custom
[单项填空]
(5)—They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes.They are accustomed at meals.
A.to talk B.to not talk
C.to talking D.to not talking
答案
解析
解析 be accustomed to 习惯于，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词；又由句意表示否定意义可知，选D项。
√
?familiar adj.通晓的；熟悉的
7
For example，I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night，but my American friends are not familiar with that particular festival.
例如，我有童年时篝火节的温馨回忆，但我的美国朋友对那个特别的节日竟然不太了解。
be familiar to(＝be known to) 为……所熟悉
be familiar with熟悉……
(1)I don’t believe we’ve met before，although I must say you do look familiar.
我认为我们以前没见过面，尽管我必须承认你看起来确实很面熟。
(2)I am a stranger here.So I ___________________the city.
我是新来的。所以我对这个城市不熟悉。
(3)Although the dragon _________________most Chinese，nobody has ever seen a real one.
尽管龙的形象对大多数中国人来说都是相当熟悉的，可是没有一个人见过真龙。
查看答案
am not familiar with
is quite familiar to
[写作佳句]
(4)Exposure to the English language which is used in our daily life can make people quite_________________.
接触在日常生活中使用的英语语言使得人们对它们很熟悉。
[句型转换]
(5)He is quite familiar with the city because he is a native of it.
→The city __________________him because he is a native of it.
familiar with them
is quite familiar to
[温馨提示]
be familiar to的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；be familiar with的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或事物。
查看答案
It’s quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很有趣。
1
经典句式
※本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语。watch后跟复合宾语，the
new foreign teachers为宾语，trying to adjust to doing that作宾语补足语。
※动名词短语作主语时，常用于以下句式：
(1)It is useless telling him about it，so don’t speak to him too much.
告诉他这件事是没用的，所以不要和他说太多。
(2)It’s no good _________________now.
现在为此发愁没有好处。
[写作佳句]
(3)__________________ without thinking.
学而不思则罔。
查看答案
worrying about it
It is no use learning
解析 It’s no use后用v.?ing作真正的主语，另根据句意可知此处为主动，故选D项。
[单项填空]
(4)It’s no use him to join us.
A.to advise B.advise
C.being advising D.advising
答案
解析
√
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much，little，no等。trouble可换用difficulty(不可数名词)；若trouble后跟名词，介词in换成with。
2
Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it.许多外国人很难适应这种做法。
(1)The experts are trying to find out the reason why many teenagers have trouble (in) communicating with their parents.
专家们正在努力弄清楚为什么很多青少年和父母交流有困难。
(2)Whenever we have trouble _____our studies，our teachers help us patiently.
每当我们在学习上遇到困难，老师们总是耐心地辅导我们。
(3)You can hardly imagine the difficulty we had____________________.
你简直想象不到我们解决这个问题时遇到的困难。
with
solving the problem
[温馨提示] 对于句式have trouble/difficulty doing sth. 的考查，常把trouble/
difficulty提前，后跟定语从句，省略介词in，导致have与后面的动名词连在一起，要注意辨别。
查看答案
查看答案
[联想发散] 我们学过的与have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 类似的结构还有：
find some/great/no/little difficulty in doing sth.
发现在做某事方面有些/有很大/没有/几乎没有困难
[语境填词]
(4)Some students have trouble ______grammar while others have difficulty(in) _____________new words.
有的学生学语法有困难，而有的记生词有困难。
with
remembering
答案
解析
[单项填空]
(5)Since drug abusers have difficulty the addiction，support groups where they can talk about
their struggles and find new ways to manage in the world are often needed.
A.to rid B.breaking
C.to remove D.relieving
解析 have difficulty (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配，由此可以排除A、C两项；
D项的relieve意思是“缓和，减轻”，与句意不符；
B项的break在这里可理解为“强行终止”，即戒除毒瘾，符合句意。
√
PART
3
达标检测
当堂检测 基础达标演练
1.Please ________(确保) that all the lights are switched off before you leave.
2.The smell is very ________(熟悉的) to everyone who lives near a bakery.
3.I’m sure he meant no _________(冒犯) when he said that.
4.The headmaster will not ________(允许) the change in the course，nor will he even give it a thought.
5.I’m ____________(习惯于) to getting up early and taking an hour’s walk before breakfast.
查看答案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
ensure
familiar
offence
permit
accustomed
6.My sister and I do not look ______(相似).
7.It snowed ____________(自始至终) the night.The whole town was covered with snow.
8.She was a guest at the _________(婚礼).
9.After a while his eyes __________(适应) to the dark.
10.He ________(拥抱) her and handed her a bouquet of roses.
查看答案
alike
throughout
wedding
adjusted
hugged
11.I can’t _________________the fact that you’ve grown up.
12.It took him quite a while to __________living alone after his parents passed away.
13.Don’t scold him for the broken cup.__________ ，he is too young.
14.Last Sunday we held an evening party _______________his 60th birthday.
15.Great changes have ___________in the city where she was born.
Ⅱ.选词填空
查看答案
adjust to，in celebration of，get accustomed to，take place，after all
get accustomed to
adjust to
After all
in celebration of
taken place
16.___________________ is whether you can go to the cinema with me.
我想知道的是你能否和我一起去看电影。
17.It’s no good____________________.
在弱光下阅读是没有好处的。
18.He ____________________________________with others.
他在与他人交流方面有障碍。
19.I guess __________________________a job.
我想是时候找份工作了。
20.If she had invited me yesterday，I _______________to the party.
假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会，我就去了。
Ⅲ.完成句子
查看答案
What I want to know
reading in dim light
has trouble/difficulty (in) communicating
it’s time for me to look for
would have gone
(共9张PPT)
单元知识回顾——默写练习(三)
Unit 3
Ⅰ.单元知识回顾(共30小题；每题2分，满分60分)
1.写出关于congratulate的短语
(1)(因……)祝贺某人 ___________________________________
(2)(因……)感到高兴/自豪 ____________________________________
2.写出关于permit和permission的短语
(1)允许某人做某事 ___________________
(2)允许做某事 __________________
(3)在某人的许可下/未经某人的许可 ___________________________
(4)请求/获得某人的允许 __________________________
查看答案
congratulate sb. (on sth. /on doing sth. )
congratulate oneself (on sth. /on doing sth. )
permit sb. to do sth.
permit doing sth.
with/without one’s permission
ask for/get one’s permission
3.写出关于prohibit的短语
禁止(某人)做某事 ________________________________________________
4.写出关于adjust和adjustment的短语
(1)使自己适应(做……) _________________________
(2)根据……调整…… _____________
(3)适应(做)某事 _____________________
(4)对……作出调整 ________________________________
5.写出关于accustomed 的短语
(1)习惯于(状态) _________________
(2)习惯于(动作) ________________________
查看答案
prohibit (one’s) doing sth. /prohibit sb. (from) doing sth.
adjust oneself to (doing)...
adjust...to...
adjust to (doing) sth.
make an adjustment/adjustments to
be accustomed to
become/get accustomed to
6.写出关于familiar的短语
(1)熟悉…… ________________
(2)为……所熟悉 ______________
7.写出关于expectation的短语
(1)不负所望 _________________________________
(2)超出某人的预期，出乎意料地 __________________________
(3)期待，指望 ____________________
8.写出关于let的短语
(1)更不用说 ________
(2)使失望；放下 ___________
(3)发出；放大；泄露(秘密) _______
be familiar with
be familiar to
meet/live up to (one’s) expectations
beyond (one’s) expectations
in (the) expectation of
let alone
let sb. down
let out
查看答案
9.写出关于show的短语
(1)带某人参观、游览 ______________________
(2)领某人进入 ___________
(3)送某人出去 ___________
(4)炫耀，卖弄 _________
(5)显露；露面；出现 _________
(6)在展览中；陈列着 _________
10.写出关于account 的短语
(1)把……考虑进去 __________________
(2)因为/由于…… ______________
(3)解释；是……的原因；占……比例 ___________
查看答案
show sb. around/round
show sb. in
show sb. out
show off
show up
on show
take ...into account
on account of
account for
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)
11.You can turn to me whenever you __________________________Tang poems.
无论何时你理解唐诗有困难，你都可以向我寻求帮助。
12.________________ I can’t go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon __________I have to attend an important meeting that afternoon.
星期五下午我不能跟你一块去书店的原因是那天下午我有个重要的会议要参加。
13.Many people ________________they are urged to cast on-?line votes for competitions that they even don’t care.
很多人不喜欢别人催促他们给那些他们甚至不在意的比赛进行网上投票。
查看答案
have trouble in understanding
The reason why
is that
dislike it when
14.____________________ him about it at that time.
那时候告诉他这件事是没用的。
15.________________________________ to protect the environment.
该是我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。
查看答案
It was useless telling
It’s time for us to take measures
Ⅲ.知识运用于语境(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
I once went to a minority’s wedding.A wedding is the ceremony or 16.___________ (celebrate) of a marriage.They had a live rooster as 17.___ part of the wedding ceremony.According to their religion，roosters are supposed 18._________(drive) bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony.The bridegroom 19.________(greet) the bride with a loving hug.Everyone congratulated the new couple with a strange gesture.There was also a dance and a feast in the wedding.People wore masks 20._______(carve) from wood and danced in honor of their ancestors，21._____killed deer for food with bows and arrows.At wedding receptions alcohol is not 22.__________(permit).In fact，alcohol is altogether prohibited.Such an 23.________(offend) will lead to a fine.
查看答案
celebration
a
to drive
greeted
carved
who
permitted
offence
I was not familiar 24._______ their customs，so I tried to adjust to doing that.Many foreigners have trouble 25.__________ (get) accustomed to them，too.
查看答案
with
getting
