Unit 1 Friendship
培优练习
一、阅读理解
A
My house is made of wood, glass and stone. It is also made of software.
If you come to visit, you’ll probably be surprised when you come in. Someone will give you an electronic PIN (个人身份证号码) to wear. This PIN tells the house who and where you are. The house uses this information to give you what you need. When it’s dark outside, the PIN turns on the lights nearest you, and then turns them off as you walk away from them. Music moves with you too. If the house knows your favorite music, it plays it. The music seems to be everywhere, but in fact other people in the house hear different music or no music. If you get a telephone call, only the nearest telephone rings.
Of course, you are also able to tell the house if you want something. There is a home control console (控制台), a small machine that turns things on and off around you.
The PIN and the console are new ideas, but they are in fact like many things we have today. If you want to go to a movie, you need a ticket. If I give you my car keys, you can use my car. The car works for you because you have the keys. My house works for you because you wear the PIN or hold the console.
I believe that ten years from now on, most new homes will have the systems that I’ve put in my house. The systems will probably be even bigger and better than the ones I’ve put in today.
I like to try new ideas. I know that some of my ideas will work better than others. But I hope that one day I will stop thinking of these systems as new, and ask myself instead, “How did I live without them?”
1. The writer’s house is NOT made of .
A. bricks B. wood C. glass D. software
2. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. How to develop a new system. B. The fun_ction of the PIN.
C. A home for the future. D. Easy life in the future.
3. What is the writer’s purpose of writing the fourth paragraph?
A. To let readers know why his ideas are new.
B. To explain what the functions of the PIN and the console are.
C. To explain the importance of the PIN and the console.
D. To let readers know how special his house is.
4. The writer’s new house is different from ordinary ones mainly because .
A. it has your favourite music following you
B. you can make a telephone call anywhere
C. the writer is able to change his new idea into practice
D. it has been controlled by computers
5. What is the writer most likely to be according to the passage?
A. An IT expert. B. A famous engineer.
C. A game player. D. An experienced teacher.
B
When many people are worried that there are no more heroes in modern times，two university students who lost their lives to rescue drowning children have shown that heroes still exist（存在）. According to the Inner Mongolia Morning Post，the accident occurred on the afternoon of December 14, 2002 when three school students skating on a frozen lake in Qingcheng Park in Hohhot fell through the ice into the freezing water．
? More than 20 university students who happened to be near the spot immediately went to the rescue of the children． ??? ?Two children were quickly rescued，but the third died．The child's body was not found for three hours．Two of the rescuers，Liu Ye and Hao Longbiao，also died of cold and exhaustion（筋疲力尽）. ???? The body of Hao who took the lead in jumping into the lake was not found until the next day． ???? A student who was unwilling to tell his name said he and his classmates from the local college were taking photos at the lake．When they heard the children's cries for help，they went to the ice hole hand in hand to rescue the children．But the ice kept breaking，causing most of them to fall into the icy water． ??? ?Local residents held mourning ceremonies（祭奠仪式） at the lake． ??? ?Eight of the students were seriously affected by the freezing water and were being kept in hospital for further observation，but their lives were no longer in danger． 6． The underlined word “occurred” in the second paragraph means “＿＿＿＿”． ????? A. recorded????? ?B. reported??????? ?C. found???????? D. happened 7． When the three students fell into water，the university students were ＿＿＿＿＿． ???? ? A. skating on the ice????????????? B. taking photos at the lake ????? C. having a picnic???????????????? D. walking along the lake 8． Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ????? A. Three students died on the same day in all． ????? B. Hao Longbiao’s body was found on December 14, 2002． ?? ?? C. The university students didn’t think it dangerous to save the drowning children． ???? ?D. Local residents were not brave in the face of danger． 9． It can be inferred from the passage that ＿＿＿＿． ???? A. people think little of the two university students' death
B . the ice on the lake wasn't strong enough to skate on
C. some students regretted for what they had done
D . heroes don't agree with the steps of modern times 10． The author wrote the passage to ＿＿＿＿． ???? ? A. warn people of the danger of skating on ice ??? ?? B. call on people to learn from the brave university students ???? ? C. tell us an accident at the lake ??? ?? D. advise university students to value their lives
C
In the US and Britain, the slogan around colleges was “Save water. Shower with a friend.” Now, Wuhan University has come up with another system for the campus bathhouse. It charges students for the amount of time in a shower. Before entering the bathhouse, students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower with cash or their student ID card. The clock starts ticking the minute the tape is turned on. It pauses when a button is pressed for soap. An integrated circuit(IC) card reader at each tap shows the time. No money, no water. The benefits of the new system can be seen with the old system, which charged 1 yuan for each person regardless of time in the shower. The university used about 320 tones of water daily under the old system, but only 160 tons now.
Many students use the new system but opinions on it are divided. Some students say it is bad because bathing had become a sort of race. Many people using it for the first time are not sure how long they need to shower. Some might be embarrassed if their time is up and they’re still covered in soap. They have to ask the bathhouse worker to help them buy extra time.
“It’s a flaw in the system that you can not buy extra time on the ID card,” said Ren, a freshman in Wuhan University. The university is also considering some students’ suggestions that they be allowed to pay after they’ve finished the shower. Not surprisingly, some are complaining about losing the hour shower. But many students say the move helps them develop a water-saving sense.
Without the time limits, most students tended to shower for 30 to an hour in the bathhouse.
Some even used the hot water to wash their clothes. “In my experience, 10-20 minutes is enough,” said Dai Zhihua, a third-year student who usually takes 8 minutes.
A similar system has been installed in other universities. Shanghai Normal University introduced it at its Fengxiang Campus in September. The bathing fee there is 0.2 yuan per minute. One male student responded by setting a record with a two-minute shower.
11. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower.
B. The clock times all through except when the bather pauses for soap.
C. If money runs out, there will be no water.
D. Having finished bathing, the student has to pay for it.
12. The underlined word “flaw” (Paragraph 3) most probably means______.
A. perfection B. convenience C. fortune D. fault
13. Since the new system has come into use, ______ of water can be saved.
A. a quarter B. one third C. one half D. two thirds
14. We can know from the passage that______.
A. the new operation can solve the water crisis
B. the new operation can help raise students’ environmental awareness
C. a similar operation has been set in other universities
D. the university has saved a lot of water by using the new system
15. In which column of a newspaper can you find this passage?
A. People. B. Society. C. Campus Life. D. Lifestyle.
二、翻译句子
好朋友就是能和你分享快乐和忧伤的人。(share…with)
如果你们俩停止争斗并努力好好相处，我将不胜感激。(be grateful, get along with)
我们已经相识有很长的时间了。(get to know each other)
我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。(stay awake, on purpose, in order to)
在朋友的帮助下，我最终完成了这项工作。(with the help of)
我们是好朋友。我把与你的友谊视为是最重要的。（value, above all else）
这是他第一次用电子邮件与笔友交流。（the first time, communicate with）
爱好是不会让你感到厌倦的——你投入的时间越长，乐趣越多。 (the more… the more; devote to; get tired of)
网络使人们即使身处世界的不同角落也完全可能面对面地交流。(face to face; even if；entirely)
10. 根据新闻报道，天气将决定嫦娥二号发射的准确时间。(according to, it is ….that强调句)
三、基础写作
假设你是新华中学的学生张华，班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信：
☆帮他分析原因
☆给他提出建议
☆陈述你帮助他的具体打算
词数100左右
Dear Li Ming,
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Best regards,
Zhang Hua
答案和解析
一、阅读理解
1. A 【解析】 原文首句提到“My house is made of wood, glass and stone. It is also made of software.”已包含答案B、C、D
2. C 【解析】 文段的最后三段才明确作者的思考，作者的想法
3. B 【解析】 根据中心句“The PIN and the console are new ideas, but they are in fact like many things we have today.”
4. D 【解析】 “There is a home control console (控制台), a small machine that turns things on and off around you.”
5. A 【解析】 从作者提出的设计想法来看，作者设计的操作模式是和数字信息化有关，所以应选择A
6．D 【解析】 根据原文出现的时间表示形式，应确定“事件具体发生的时间”
7．B 【解析】 此题的干扰信息较多，发生意外和救援的都是“students”所以需要对号入座。原文倒数第三段“A student who was unwilling to tell his name said he and his classmates from the local college were taking photos at the lake．”
8．A 【解析】 在文章的首段已经提到了事件的结局“…two university students who lost their lives to rescue drowning children …”
9．B 【解析】 “But the ice kept breaking，causing most of them to fall into the icy water．”
10．B 【解析】 文章首段担忧现在英雄的“消逝”，但新闻报道的正是“英雄的”作为，所以作者也是希望借次机会唤醒人们对于他人的“救助”意识。
11. D 【解析】 “Before entering the bathhouse, students pay for the amount of time they want in the shower with cash or their student ID card. D. Having finished bathing, the student has to pay for it.”在首段已经提到，是洗澡前需要支付，而不是洗澡后结算。
12. D 【解析】 原文“It’s a flaw in the system that you can not buy extra time on the ID card,” 此句后半句指出的是“can not”表达的是一个缺点。
13. C 【解析】 “The university used about 320 tones of water daily under the old system, but only 160 tons now.” 没有直接给出数据，但是通过数据换算，以前320吨，现在只要160吨，节约一半。
14. B 【解析】 “Not surprisingly, some are complaining about losing the hour shower. But many students say the move helps them develop a water-saving sense.”通过同学们的反响“But”直接表明利大于弊。
15. C 【解析】 根据首段新闻报道的事件来源很容易确认校园生活这一主题
二、翻译句子
1. A best friend is someone who can share happiness and sorrow with you.
【解析】掌握定语从句的框架sb. is someone who +谓语…, 同时注意此处“快乐”与“悲伤”的词性为名词，而非“happy”和“sad” 。
2. I would be grateful if the two of you stopped fighting and tried to get along well with each other.
【解析】首先区别grateful的词性使用，谓语使用“be grateful”，另外，区别“stop to do sth.与stop doing” 的用法。
3. We have known each other for quite a long time. / We have got to know each other over quite a long time.
【解析】注意时态的运用，找出时间点的提示“for a long time”, 复习现在完成时所表示的动作时间点和影响。
4. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
【解析】“on purpose”的副词作用，另外注意“have a look”与”at the moon”中的冠词。
5. Finally, I was able to finish the work with the help of my friends.
【解析】with the help of 词组本身的冠词不能省略
6. We are good friends. I value your friendship above all else.
【解析】above all的使用
7. This is the first time he has used e-mail to communicate with his pen pal.
【解析】复习“it is/was first /second…time that（现在完成时/过去完成时）…的句型，强调从句的时态变化，判断是现在完成时还是过去完成时。
8. A hobby is something that you never get tired of—the more time you devote to it, the more fun you have.
【解析】练习定语从句，同时，在比较级“the more …the more…”的使用中注意完整的主语+谓语
9. Thanks to the Internet, it is now entirely possible for people to communicate face to face, even if they are in different parts of the world.
【解析】注意副词的添加“entirely”包括拼写，另外在使用“face to face” 相当于副词的作用。
10. According to the news report, it is the weather that will determine the exact launch time of Chang’e Two.
【解析】复习强调句的句型结构：it is/was +被强调部分+ who/that +其它
三、基础写作
Dear Li Ming,
I’m very glad to become your classmate. I know you are worried about your study and don’t know how to adapt yourself to the new environment. There are some suggestions about it and I hope they can help you.
You know we always become puzzled when we go to a new environment because we don’t know anything about the people around us and even don’t know what to do. I think you should make friends with the students in our class. Then if you have any problem you can ask us or our teachers for help. We’ll try our best to help you.
After class, I’ll show you around our school and tell you something about it. If you have any problem, please tell me and I will give you my advice not only on study but also on your life here.
All in all, I hope you can adapt yourself to the new environment and we can become good friends.
Best regards,
Zhang Hua
Unit 1 Friendship
基础练习
一、单词基础小测
1. (adj.)心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的; (vt.)使不安；使心烦
2. (vt.)不理睬；忽视; (n.)
3.________(v.) (使)平静；（使）镇定; (adj.)平静的，镇静的，沉着的
4. ________ (vt.) (使)担忧；涉及；关系到; ________(adj.)担心的；忧虑的
5. ________(adj.)德国的; _______(n.)德国; _______(n.) 德国人（复数形式）
6. _________ (adv.)在户外；在野外; _______ (反义词)
7. _________ (adj.)整个的；完全的；全部的; ________ (adv.)
二、词组小测
1. add ______ 合计
2. calm (…) ______ （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来
3. be concerned _______ 关心；挂念
4. _______ the dog 遛狗
5. go _______ 经历；经受
6. set _______ 记下；放下；登记
7. a _______ of 一连串的；一系列；一套
8. ________ purpose 故意
9. ________ order to 为了……
10. ________ dusk 在黄昏时刻
11. face _______ face 面对面的
12. ________ longer/ not…any longer 不再……
三、课文小测
1）课文内容填空
Name:1. _____________
Nationality:2.________________
Place to live in World War II: 3.___________________________.
Reason for being hidden: 4.____________________________.
Being hidden for: 5.________________ years
Caught finally because: 6.____________________.
2) 课文阅读填空
Anne was a little girl who lived in the Netherlands with her family. Because they were Jews, they had to 1 everywhere, 2 they would be caught by the German Nazis. 3 that time she had to regard the diary 4 her only friend, because she thought the diary was a friend 5 she could tell everything to, like her deepest 6 and thoughts. And she needn’t be afraid that it would 7 her, or just couldn’t understand what she was 8 . In one of her diaries, she described how she felt after 9 in the hiding place for over two years: I haven’t been able to be 10 for so long that I’ve grown so 11 about everything 12 with nature, the sky, the song of the birds, the flowers, even the wind and the rain…
答案和解析
一、单词基础小测
1.upset; upset 2.ignore; ignorance 3.calm; calm 4.concern; concerned 5. German; Germany; Germans 6.outdoors; indoors 7.entire; entirely
二、词组小测
1. up 2. down 3. about 4. walk 5. through 6. down 7.series 8. on 9.in 10.at 11. to 12. no
三、课文小测
1）课文内容填空
1. Anne Frank 2. Jewish 3. Amsterdam(Netherlands) 4.They were Jewish and would be caught by the German Nazis 5. two 6. they were discovered
2) 课文阅读填空
1. hide (away) 2. or 3. During 4. as 5. whom 6. feelings 7. laugh at 8. going through 9. being 10. outdoors 11. crazy 12. to do
Unit 1 Friendship
提高练习
一、整理语言点笔记
1. add up 合计；加起来
①Add up your score and see how many points you get.
累加你的分数，看你能得多少分。
②The bad weather _______________________. 坏天气添加了我们的困难。
③Please _________________________ to the milk. 请往牛奶里加些糖。
④It’s normal that a famous sports player’s cars ________________ five. 一个著名运动员总计有5辆车是很正常的。
相关的词组
2. upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的； vt.使不安；使心烦
①Your friend comes to school very upset. 你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。
②There’s no point getting upset about it. 犯不着为这件事烦恼。
③This decision is likely to upset a lot of people. 这项决定很可能会使很多人不快。
④He ____________ not being invited to the party. 没有邀请他去聚会，他很不高兴。
⑤Don’t ______________ it. Let’s forget it. 你别为这事心烦了，忘了它吧。
3. ignore vt.不理睬；忽视
①You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 你会顾不上课铃，去一个安静的地方，使你的朋友安静下来。
ignorant adj. 无知的；没有学识的; ignorance n. 无知；（对某事）缺乏认识
②He was driving very fast because he was ignorant of the speed limit. 他的车开得很快，因为他不知道要限速。
③He _________________ and goes on the smoking. 他不顾医生的忠告而继续吸烟。
④It is a question that can not _______________________.这是一个不容忽视的问题。
⑤His failure resulted from ______________________.他的失败起因于他的无知。
4. calm vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇定的；沉着的
①No one expected that he was so calm when told the bad news. 大家没有料到当被告知这个坏消息时，他如此平静。
②Calm yourself. You should not be so excited. 请镇静，你不该这么激动。
③I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。
④Keep calm and try not to panic. 沉住气，别惊慌。
⑤Keep ________ while I tie your shoe.
⑥One must keep __________ in time of danger.
⑦Be ___________ when you are at the concert.
⑧I wonder why it’s so __________.
相关的词组
calm/quiet/still/silent
5. concern vt. 涉及；关系到；参与；使担心；使操心；
n. 担心；关心；关注；（利害）关系
①You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then. 你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他/她，下课后你们会见面交谈。
②The matter concerns the interests of the people. 这件事关系到人民的利益。
③It’s no concern of mine.这事与我无关。
④She _________ a great deal of _________ her son’s illness. 她非常担心儿子的病。
⑤He _______________________ the matter. 他与此事有牵连。
6. go through 经历；经过；穿过；遭受；忍受；获得通过；详细检查，查找；完成
①Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? 或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，或会不理解你目前的困境呢？
②May/Might I go through this gate? 我可以通过这道门吗？
③You will go through tough times. 艰难的时候总会过去。
④Let’s go through the plan again.让我们再仔细地讨论这项计划吧。
⑤Some of the students _______________ hardships before they entered the university.
有些大学生在进入大学之前体验过艰苦的生活。
⑥I ____________ all my pockets looking for my keys. 我翻遍了所有的口袋找钥匙。
相关的词组
7. set down=put/write/take down 记下；放下；登记
①You don’t have to set down all that our teacher said. 你不必把老师讲的都记下来。
②How shall I set myself down in the hotel register?
在旅馆的登记簿上，我应如何登记自己的身份呢？
③She _____________ the report after breakfast and handed it in at noon.
她早饭后着手写报告并且中午就上交了。
④If you went to catch that train, we’d better ___________ for the station immediately.
你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们就最好马上动身去火车站。
相关的词组
8. a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套
①Have you seen a series of books like this? 你读过这系列的书吗？
②Then began a series of wet days that spoiled our vacation.接着是一连串的雨天，把我们的假期弄得一团糟。
③A series of films about him _______________ .关于他的一系列电影已经问世了。
④Three series of papers ______________ to the students. 给学生们发了三套试题。
9. on purpose 故意地；有意地
①For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到十一点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。
②I come to the hospital on purpose to see you.我特地来医院看你。
③I didn’t do it ______--it was an accident.我不是故意做这件事的，这是一次意外。
④He went to the USA _______________ further study. 为了深造，他去了美国。
相关的词组
10. in order to 目的是……，以便……，为了……
①In order to catch the train, she hurried through her work.
为了赶火车，她匆匆做完了她的作业。
②In order to be heard by all the students, the teacher spoke in a loud voice.
老师大声讲以便全体同学都能听到。
③He bought this present _____________ give his son a surprise.
④He got up early ______________ the early bus.
11. face to face 面对面地；面对着（相当于副词，在句中做状语）
①His ambition was to meet his favorite pop star face to face. 他心里向往的是要面对面地见到他最喜欢的歌星。
类似结构的词组
②You’d better _____________ with each other, I think. 我认为你们最好彼此坦诚地谈谈。
③To learn English, one should go __________________. 学习英语要一步一步来。
二、 单词拼写
1. He knew there was a speed limit, but he i___________ it and drove very fast.
2. He felt u__________ about losing the money.
3. It’s good for us to do exercise o__________ every morning.
4. It’s d__________ everywhere in the house. Can you help me do the housecleaning?
5. A s_________ of TV play is on Channel 1 these days.
6. The boy hid himself behind the __________ (窗帘) and looked out through the window.
7. Was it an accident or did David do it on ___________(故意)？
8. From the beginning, Paul made it clear that he would be _________ (完全地)in control.
9. The snow is very ___________(疏松)and there is a lot of air in it.
10. I did everything in my ___________(能力，力量)to help her.
三、用所给短语的正确形式填空
1. We spent several days ____________ all related reference materials.
2. His income ________ to 1,000 yuan a month.
3. Please don’t ________ me; I’m fine now.
4. At last the wind ______________.
5. He ___________ a basket on the ground, washed his hands, and then sat down.
6. I can’t stand the pain ________________.
7. The thief _____________ in a friend’s house for several weeks after the robbery.
8. ____________ make his spoken English better, he practises speaking English every day.
9. The street lights come on ______________ and go off at dawn.
10. Maybe one day we could meet _________________________.
四、语法练习
（将下列句子由直接引语变为间接引语，由间接引语变为直接引语）
1. “Do you like listening to pop music?” he asked us.
___________________________________________
2. “I’m going to hide from the Germans.” said Anne.
___________________________________________
3. Mary asked her mother what she should do.
___________________________________________
4. “How can you see your friends?” Anne said to her sister.
___________________________________
5. 妈妈告诉儿子让他呆在家里直到他回来。
____________________________________________________________________.
6. 保罗说他们队赢了比赛。
____________________________________________________________________.
7. 他说他在这儿住已很多年了。
____________________________________________________________________.
8. 妈妈问我是否做完作业了。
____________________________________________________________________.
9. 一个小男孩问我火车什么时候开。
____________________________________________________________________.
10. 他问我那天晚上是否看到他姐姐了。
____________________________________________________________________.
答案和解析
一、整理笔记
1. ②added to our difficulty ③add some sugar to ④add up to
2. ④was upset at/about ⑤upset yourself about
3. ③ignores the doctor’s advice ④be ignored ⑤his ignorance
4. ⑤still ⑥calm ⑦silent ⑧quiet
5. ④showed; concern about/for ⑤was concerned with
6. ⑤had gone through ⑥went through
7. ③set about writing ④set off
8. ③has come out ④are/ were handed out
9. ③on purpose ④for/with the purpose of
10. ③in order to ④in order not to/so as not to miss
11. ②have a heart-to-heart talk ③step by step
二、单词拼写
1. ignored 【解析】他明知道限速，还是不注意，开的很快。
2.upset 【解析】 丢了钱，他觉得很难过。
3.outdoors 【解析】每天户外运动对我们（的身体）很有好处。
4.dusty 【解析】房间到处都是灰尘，你能帮我一起打扫一下吗？
5.series 【解析】这些天1频道有个电视剧。
6.curtain 【解析】男孩把自己藏在窗帘后面，通过窗户观察外边（的动静）。
7.purpose 【解析】这是一个意外吗？还是David 故意做的？
8.entirely 【解析】从一开始，Paul 就表明他可以完全的掌控一切。
9. loose 【解析】雪是疏松，里面还有很多空气。
10.power 【解析】我尽我所能地帮助她。
三、用所给短语的正确形式填空
1.going through 【解析】我们花了一些时间浏览查找相关资料。
2.adds up 【解析】他每月的收入共有1000元
3.be concerned about 【解析】 请不用担心我，我现在很好。
4.calmed down 【解析】 最后风平静下来了。
5.set down 【解析】他把篮子放在地上，洗了手，然后坐下来。
6.any longer 【解析】我再也忍受不了这样的疼痛了。
7.hid away 【解析】在抢劫后，小偷藏在一个朋友的家里长达几个星期。
8.In order to 【解析】 为了更好的练习英语口语，他每天练都开口说英语。
9.at dusk 【解析】路灯每天夜晚开启，黎明关闭。
10.face to face 【解析】也许有一天我们可以亲自见面。
四、语法练习
1. He asked us if we liked listening to pop music.
2. Anne said that she was going to hide from the Germans.
3. Mary asked, “Mother, what shall I do?”
4. Anne asked her sister how she could see her friends.
Mother told her son that he must stay at home until she came back.
Paul said that their team had won the match.
He said that it was many years since he came to live here.
Mother asked me if/whether I had finished my homework.
A small boy asked me when the train would leave.
He asked me if/whether I had seen his sister that night.
