Unit2 The Olympic Games
培优练习
一、阅读理解。
A
Sitting has been called the new smoking for its supposed Public health risks, especially for people with sitting down office jobs. Over the past 15 years or so sitting has been connected with heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病). But is sitting really that risky?
In our latest study we examined if not only the total amount of sitting, but different types of sitting, were connected with developing type 2 diabetes. We wanted to see if there was any difference among sitting watching TV, sitting at work, or sitting at home but not watching TV.
We studied sitting habits of 4. 811 middle-aged people, who didn't have diabetes or heart problems at the start of the study. Over the next 13 years, 402 people developed diabetes. Once we considered obesity (AE RF), Physical activity, and other things that may develop type 2 diabetes, neither total sitting time, sitting at work nor sitting at home but not watching TV were connected with developing diabetes. We found only a weak connection with the time spent sitting watching TV and an increased risk of developing diabetes
This is different from the results of five older TV studies that showed a stronger connection. But hardly any of the included studies mentioned obesity, a major cause of diabetes.
For people who are physically inactive, though, the story's different. Two recent studies show the total time spent sitting a day is connected with developing diabetes, but only in people who are physically inactive or both physically inactive and obese
That's not the whole story. At least two things determine if sitting is a risk factor in its own right: the type and situation of sitting.
For example, sitting down at work isn't strongly connected with long-term health risks, Perhaps that's because higher position jobs needs more sitting, and higher socioeconomic（社会经济） position is connected with a lower risk of disease. It's a different case for sitting watching TV, the type of sitting most possibly connected with long-term health risks. People who watch a lot of TV tend to( a)be of lower socioeconomic positions, unemployed, have poorer mental(（精神上的） health, eat unhealthy foods and face more unhealthy food advertising.
1．Why is sitting called the“ new smoking”？
A. It can be habit-forming.
B. It is harmful to people's health
C. It is popular among lots of people.
D. It is a bad habit hard to give up
2. The latest study found that type 2 diabetes was related to
A. sitting at work
B sitting watching TV
C the total amount of sitting time
D. sitting at home but not watching TV
3. What did the five older TV studies show?
A. Obesity is a major cause of diabetes.
B The type of sitting isn`t a cause for diabetes.
C Sitting watching TV creates a high risk of developing diabetes.
D People who are physically inactive tend to develop diabetes in sitting
4 Why do people who watch a lot of TV tend to have long-term health risks?
A. They are poor in every aspect of life
B. They spend too much time
C. They seldom do physical activities
D They like watching unhealthy food ads
B
People need to relax and enjoy themse1ves．One way they can have a good time is to
watch a baseball game or another sports event．Even thousands of years ago，groups
of people gathered to watch skilled athletes（运动员）．
Over 2000 years ago in Greece，certain days in the year were festival days．These
were holidays when people stopped work and enjoyed themselves．They liked to watch
athletes take part in races and other games of skill．
The most important festival was held every four years at the town of Olympia．It was
held in honor of the Greek god Zeus（宙斯）．For five days，athletes from all parts of the
Greek world took part in the Olympic Games．At the Olympic Games，people could
watch them box，run，jump and so on．There was a relay race between two teams of
men in which a lighted torch（火矩）was passed from runner to runner．The Olympic
Games were thought to be so important that cities which were at war with one another had
to stop fighting．People were allowed to travel to the games safely．Thousands of people
came to Olympia from cities in Greece and from her colonies（殖民地）in Africa，Asia
and Italy．They met as friends to cheer their favorite athletes and to enjoy themselves．
5．What happened in Greece over 2000 years ago？______
A．People stopped work and enjoyed themselves．
B．The cities there were often against one another．
C．People watched baseball games．
D．People didn’t go to any games at all．
6．What did people do at the games？______
A．They fought．
B．They just talked to friends．
C．They cheered for good athletes．
D．They tried to find friends．
7．Greek cities then were fighting so they_____．
A．were weak
B．were strong
C．couldn’t go to other cities freely
D．could see each other
8．The best title for the story is“_____”．
A．Greece at War
B．Together for the Games
C．Stop Fighting
D．Sport
二、翻译句子
1. Only_________________ can we make great progress in our study.
只有相互宽争，我们才能在学习上取得很大的进步。
2. It was _______in the library yesterday.
正是那个男孩咋天在图书馆读了三本书。
3. They didn't go to the park yesterday, and_____
昨天他们没去公园，我们也没去。
4. I ___________ with some of my classmates
过去我常常和我的一些同学在放学后踢足球。
5. She is the first woman _______________ a member of the trade union in history .
她是历史上第一个被接纳为工会会员的女性。
答案和解析
一、阅读理解。
A: 本文是一篇说明文。最新研究表明，并非是所有的久生坐都有损健康，而是跟坐的方式有关。工作时的久坐并不会引发各种疾病，而长时间坐在家中看电视会对身体有害
1.B【解析】事实细节题根据文章第一段中的 Sitting has been called the new smoking＂ for its supposed public health risks以及下文所提到的久坐和各种疾病之间的联系可知，久坐被称为“新型吸烟”的原因是它和吸烟一样有害健康。
2.B【解析】事实细节题根据文章第三段中的 we found only a weak connection with the time spent sitting watching TV and an increased risk of developing diabetes.
3.C【解析】事实细节题上文提到最新的研究表明二型糖尿病和坐着看电视有着微弱的联系，下文接着提到 results of five older that showed a stronger connection，即五个较早前的研究表明二型糖尿病和坐着看电视有着很强的联系。
4.A【解析】推理判断题文中最后一段提到，长时间看电视的人通常有着较低的社会和经济地位、常常处于失业状态、有着不健康的心理、吃不健康的食物等等。由此可推知长时间看电视的人容易患慢性病的原因是他们各方面的生活都很差.
B: 本文是篇记叙文，主要介绍了2000多年前在古希腊的奥林匹克镇为纪念希腊主神每四年举行一次的奥运会的相关知识。
5.B【解析】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的The Olympic Games were thought to be so important that cities which were at war with one another had to stop fighting. 可知，两千多年前，希腊的这些城市互相交战，故B项正确。
6.C【解析】细节理解题。由文章最后一段最后一句They met as friends to cheer their favourite athletes and to enjoy themselves. 可知C项正确。
7.C【解析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段的People were allowed to travel to the games freely.可知，人们在运动会期间被允许自由活动。由此可推知，人们在交战的城市之间是不能自由走动的，故C项正确。
8.B【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述不同城市的人们因为比赛而走到一起，成为朋友，为运动员喝彩，故B项正确.
二、翻译句子
1 only by competing with each other
2 the boy who read three books
3 nor did we
4 used to play football after school
5 to be admitted as
Unit2 The Olympic Games
基础练习
一 阅读课文，选择正确选项。
(1) Where do all the competitors live?
A. hotel. B. A special village C. A restaurant D. A place hired by competitors.
(2) Why do so many countries want to host the Olympic Games?
A. To run faster, jump higher and throw further
B. To get a great honor.
C. To make the country famous
D. To make money.
(3) Which of the following is included in the Winter Olympic Games?
A. Skiing and ice skating. B Running races. C Horse riding. D Swimming
(4) The last Olympic Games were held in
A. Beijing B. Atlanta C. Athens D. Sydney
(5) Why does Pausanias think people may be competing for money in modern Olympic Games?
A. Because the winner can get medals.
B. Because the winner can be awarded lots of money by their own countries.
C. Because the olive wreaths have been replaced by medals
D. Because medals are made of gold.
二 选择最佳答案。
1. There will be a lecture this afternoon. All those who want to ______, please raise your hard
A take a part B join C take part D take part in
2.1 hate to __ but 1 think he is right,
A keep B allow C refuse D admit
3 She didn't look up until_________.
A. speaking to B spoken to C being speaking D was spoken to
4 He _____eat no pork. But now he does.
A used to B is used to C was used to D uses to
5 The 2022 Olympic Games_____ in Beijing, China.
A is held B are held C has to be held D will be held
6 --- How long ___ you ___to your husband?
--- I married him ten year ago.
A have been married B have married C had married D had been married
7. He got very good marks in the entrance exam and was admitted ___the key middle school.
A for 8 in C. to D at
8. He _______to come today, but he didn`t keep his ______.
A promise promise B promised promised
C has promised promised D promised promise
9. He told us the_____ news in a____voice.
A amazing surprising B amazed surprised
C amazing surprised D amazed surprised
10. Liu Xiang was so fast in the race that no one could__ him.
A run for B run against C. run at D run after
11 After a long journey, they come to _________was called Chinatown.
A. what B which C. that D.it
12. The students were told that they ___at the school ate a1 2:00 this afternoon.
A. met B will meet C. were to meet D were met
13. I had neither an umbrella nor a raincoat. _____________I was wet all over,
A. It's how B That's why C. It's because D. That's because
14. John will___ the manager in the company.
A. replace B instead C. instead of D. take place of
15. Don't worry. 1 will help ___ the guests.
A. accept B. wait C. hold D. host
三 用所给词的正确形式填空
1. More efforts_____________( make )in the years ahead
2. The students have been working hard on their lessons .and their efforts___________(reward) with success in the end .
3. It is reported that a space station______ on the moon in years to come. ( build )
4. Unless some extra money_____(find),the theatre will close .
5. We are confident that the environment_____( improve ) by our further efforts to reduce pollution .
6. Don't worry. The hard work that you do now___________( repay ) later in life .
7. In the near future , more advances in the robot technology ________________(make) by scientists.
四、课文短文改错。
Atlanta was a Greek princess whom was very beautiful and could run fast than any man in
Greece. So she was not allowed run in the Olympic Games. She was so angrily that she said to his father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. What's more, if he couldn't run as fast as her, he would be killed.
Heard of her rules, many of the kings and princes sadly went to home. The man called
Hippomenes was determined to run the race with the Greek Goddess of Love helped him,
答案和解析
一 阅读课文，选择正确选项。
1B【解析】P10 第九段：a special village is built for them.
2B【解析】P10 第十一段：it is a great responsibility but also a great honor…
3A【解析】P10 第五段：there are competition like skiing…
4C【解析】P9 第二段：in 2004 they were held in my homeland,,可知。
5C【解析】P10 倒数第三段可知。
二 选择最佳答案。
1-5 CDBAD 6-10 ACDCB 11-15 ACBAD
三 用所给词的正确形式填空。
1 will be made
2 will be rewarded
3 will be built
4 will be found
5 will be improved
6 will be repayed
7 will be made
四、课文短文改错。
Atlanta was a Greek princess whom was very beautiful and could run fast than any man in
who faster
Greece. So she was not allowed run in the Olympic Games. She was so angrily that she said to his
But to angry her
father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. What's more, if he couldn't run as fast as her ,he would be killed.
Heard of her rules, many of the kings and princes sadly went to home. The man called
Hearing A
Hippomenes was determined to run the race with the Greek Goddess of Love helped him,
helping
Unit2 The Olympic Games
提高练习
一．阅读理解。
A
Los Angeles Could Be One Of The Few Cities The Olympics Can’t Ruin
In just the past several years, six cities — Boston; Rome; Stockholm; Hamburg, Germany; Krakow, Poland; and Oslo, Norway — have decisively rejected the idea of hosting the Olympics.
The games’ high costs, damaging effects on poor communities in the places that have recently hosted them have turned cities, against them — fostering the belief that “nobody wants to host the Olympic Games anymore.”
But Los Angeles is different. And on Wednesday, the Los Angeles City Council made final decision to try to get the chance to host the 2024 Olympics, taking the step Boston and many others never did. In LA, organizers promise they can hold an Olympics that stays within its $5.3 billion budget Organizers in every possible host city make the same promise. But when it comes to LA, where residents greatly support the plan, even people who doubt the Olympics believe that success in hosting the Olympics without any loss might be possible.“It’s basically sound,” said Smith College economist Andrew Zimbalist, who wrote the book on the financial risks the Olympics bring to cities and their taxpayers. “I think they’ll be able to do it without any financial downside, although there is always some risk attached.”
There’s another reason to believe LA could succeed: It’s done it before. It last hosted the Olympics in 1984, when the Olympic turned a small profit.No host since has replicated that feat.
The Los Angeles Coliseum, which was used for the 1932 and 1984 Olympics, will again serve as the place of the games, along with a new NFL stadium set to open in Inglewood in 2019. There’s no need for a new Olympic village, thanks to dorms at UCLA. When LA announced its final three stadiums this month, chairman Casey Wasserman said proudly that a Los Angeles Olympics won’t require any new construction — instead, it will rely entirely on already planned or temporary(临时的) places.
1. The underlined word “fostering” in Paragraph1 is closest in meaning to______
A. delaying B developing C. changing D. preferring
2. What has Los Angeles decided to do?
A Reject the idea of hosting the Olympics.
B Try to win the right to hold the Olympics in 2024.
C. Spend more than $5. 3 billion hosting the 2024 Olympics.
D. Try to make as much money as possible in the 2024 Olympics.
3. What's the attitude of Andrew Zimbalist toward LA hosting the 2024 Olympics?
A. Positive. B Uninterested. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
4. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Los Angeles hosted the Olympics three times.
B. The 2014 Olympics will be held in NFL stadium
C. Three new stadiums will be constructed in LA.
D. Casey Wasserman supports LA in hosting the Olympics.
B
Skiing has always been a big part of Kamikaze shiffrin's life. Her dad ski raced all through college and her mom raced and coached skiing. The Siffrins taught Mikaela and her brother, Taylor. To ski at a very young age. At two and a half years old, Mikaela made her first ski run down her driveway on plastic skis.
Mikaela loved skiing. From ages 8 to11, she did hundreds of training runs on small hills to learn the skills of slalom skiing (障碍滑雪). When Mikaela was 11, she began to learn at the Burke Mountain Academy, a Vermont boarding school for skiers. She took classes, studied, and practiced her skiing. According to Burke Mountain Academy headmaster Kirk Dwyer, “What separated Mikaela from others was the degree of her commitment(投人) to be the best. Mikacla practiced more than anyone and believed in herself then and now." At age 14，Mikaela began her international career when she raced in the world championship for13 and 14 -year-olds. And she won!
By the time she was17, she had already won her first World Cup race. “Living away from home four and five months at a time can be difficult"" Mikaela says. “But it can also be exciting. I'm getting to see the world.” When Mikaela began ski racing in Europe, her mother, Eileen, stayed with her. She worked as her high school teacher while they were on the road. “She has always been a super -hard worker," says Eileen,
For Mikaela, working hard is a full-time job. Even her off-season is work time. “If you want something, just try your best," she says. At the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi, Russia, 18-year-old Mikaela Siffrin became the youngest slalom skier ever to win an Olympic gold medal.
5. According to the text, Mikaela_____________
A. learned to ski by herself
B. was born into a skiing family
C. first skied when she was 3 years old
D. got to know slalom skiing at the age of 14
6. What Kirk Dwyer said suggested that_______________
A. Mikaela was cleverer than the other kids
B. Mjkaela was too young to learn skiing
C. Mikaela was a hard working girl
D. Mikacln wus a slow learner
7. Who helped Mjkaela with her school lessons when she traveled 1o Europe?
A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Kirk Dwyer, D. Taylor Shiffrin.
8. What would be the best tile for the text?
A .The 2014 Winter Olympic Games
B. The Burke Mountain Academy
C. An introduction to salalom skiing
D. A young skier’s fight for success
二. 课文语法填空。
Pausanias has come on a magical journey 1._______ (find ) out about the present-day Olympic Games. So he asks a Chinese girl, Li Yan about the Olympics. He tells Li Yan 2. _______Greek cities used to compete against each other 3.________ the honour of winning. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or 4.________ (woman). Li Yan tells Pausanias that every four years athletes from all over the world 5.______________ (admit) as competitors, and all countries can take part if 6. ___________(they) athletes reach the standard to be admitted to the games. Women are not only allowed to join in but play 7. _______very important role in gymnastics, athletics, etc. At the same time, there is just as much 8. ___________(compete) among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. The spirit of the Olympic Games 9.____________(stay) the same as before: It is all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw 10. __________(far).
三. 用下列词或短语的正确形式填空
Relate promise competitor bronze represent
peace prefer.. to.. every other week be admitted as as well as
be married to take part in compete for in this way play an import an role
1. The firm has batter products than its __
2. He___ member of the football team of their school.
3. Samuel ____Joule and Michael decided t0 join the adventure.
4. She ______me that she would be on time.
5. Be active in your pair work and group work.__ you will become confident in speaking English.
6. I____ talking__ acting
7. Several companies are____ the contract
8. Each color on the charts ____different department.
9. We often write an English competition_______
10. Mary s sister_____ a young engineer.
11. Having been at war for years, the people of that country want nothing but___
12. When did China first___ the Olympic Games?
13. After a week at the beach her skin became______
14. Women are not only allowed to Join in the modern Olympic Games but_____
15. It is difficult to_______ cause and effect in this case.
答案和解析
一．阅读理解
A:高额的开支以及对当地发展的一些不良影响使得一些国家对举办奥运会避之不及，但洛杉矶却不同。这个城市的人们相信，如果举办2024年奥运会，当地不仅不会有损失，甚至还可能有收获。本文介绍了这一现象的原因。
1.B 【解析】过高的花费、对贫困社区的破坏使得人们“形成”了没人想承办奥运会这样的想法。
2.B【解析】 根据第2段第2句可知，洛杉机决定要努力取得2024年奥运会的举办权。
3.A【解析】根据第2段最后一句中的they’ll Be able to do it可知，这位经济学家对于路杉矶本办2024年奥运会是持乐观态度的。
4.D【解析】 根据最后一段Casey Canvasser说的话，尤其是‘proudly"一词可知答案。
B:本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了Mikaela Shiffrin通过滑雪走向奥运冠军的历程
5. B【解析】细节理解题，由第一段中的Her dads raced all through college and her mom raced and coached skiing可知.Mikacla出生在一个热爱滑雪的家庭，故选B項。
6.C 【解析】推理判断题，由第二段中Kirk Dwyer说的Mikaela preticed more than anyone 可知，她是一个十分用功的女孩，被选C项
7.A【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中的When Mikaela bagan ski racing in Europe, her
mother. Eileen, stayed with her. She worked as her higher school teacher可知，在Mikaela前技欧洲参加比赛时，她妈妈一直陪伴着地并且给地补习功课，故选A项。
8.D【解析】 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了Mikaela这位小姑娘通过滑雪走向奥运冠军的历
程，故选D项。
二. 课文语法填空。
1 to find 2 that 3 for 4 women 5 are admitted
6 their 7 a 8 competition 9 stays 10 further
三. 用下列词或短语的正确形式填空
1 competitors 2 was admitted as 3 as well as 4 promised 5 in this way
6 prefer to 7 competing for 8 represents 9 every other week 10 was married to 11 peace 12 take part in 13 bronze 14 play an important role 15 relate
